22dfpi 15

Kongu Engineering College
AUTOMATIC DEFECT MONITORING SYSTEM IN

REVERSE OSMOSIS FILTER
22DFPI-15
Project Members
BUBESH K R- Roll.No:19MER027
DHILIP K- Roll.No:19MEL222
DHARANIDHARAN M- Roll.No:19MER037
Supervisor
Dr BASKAR C
Associate Professor,
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai.
OVERVIEW
 Introduction
 Market Study
 Advantage and Limitations
 Literature Survey
 Summary of Literature Review
 Problem Definition
 Methodology
 Block diagram
 Circuit design
 Design Calculation
 Conclusion
 Plan for Phase II
 Key references
 Cost Estimation
INTRODUCTION
 In todays world the domestic used RO systems do not indicate

that the membrane is not enough to purify the water.
 They do not show the purity value of the water that is given out.
 Both in large scale and in domestic purpose used RO plants
have this effects and they are not solved yet.
 In Some large plants they use TDS metre.
 In domestic usage the problem is identified only when the taste
of the water gets changed.
MARKET STUDY
 The RO filter used in domestic plants can filter the water capacity
of 6000 liters of water in its life. But it is not accurately used for
that particular amount .
 If not noticed it may extend upto 7000 liters ,and is noticed only
when the taste of the water changes. This leads to some health
issues.
 To identify this there is no proper working system to monitor or to
rectify.
 Hot water at afternoon has a major effect in filter membrane
damages.
Advantages and Limitations
 To limit the water wastage that occurs.
 To prevent the use of hardened water.
 The health issues can be avoided.
 The proper working of membrane can be monitored.

Literature Survey
Serial No Author(s) Article Title & Journal Name Inferences
1 Farmanullah Jan, Nasro IoT Based Smart Water Water Quality

Min-Allah and Dilek Quality Monitoring: Recent Monitoring in
Dü¸stegör (2021) Techniques, Trends and domestic level.
Challenges for Domestic
Applications.
2 Theofanis P. Lambrou, A Low-Cost Sensor Network Sensors in real time
Christos C. Anastasiou, for Real-Time Monitoring and monitoring
Christos G. Panayiotou, Contamination Detection in
and Marios M. Drinking Water Distribution
Polycarpou (2014), System.
3 Niel Andre Cloete, Reza Design of Smart Sensors for Sensors in real time
Malekian, (Member, Real-Time Water Quality monitoring
IEEE), And Lakshmi Monitoring.
Nair, (Member, IEEE)
(2016)
4 Yoshiki Okamotoa,b , How RO membrane RO membrane
John H. Lienhard permeability and other
(2019) performance factors
affect process cost and
energy use: A review.
Summary of Literature Survey
 From this we understand that we could develop a technologies

but the developed technology must be feasible by its economic
nature.
 If the product cost is economic in nature then all people in the
world can use it else, only rich can use.
 From this we could identify the low cost design and technology
i.e. we have to monitor the inlet flow rate of water as well as
inlet water temperature.
 Basically from literatures we can conclude that we have to
monitor the outlet water is pure or not.
Problem Definition
 The risk of using the hardened water that is not treated by the
RO process can cause health issues.
 There is no proper system to monitor the proper working of the
filter membrane in domestic level.
 Domestic used RO systems are not often checked with the
values of TDS and the filter is not monitored regularly for
failure.
 It is checked only when the water taste differs.
 Hot water more than 45 degree Celsius causes damage to
membrane
Methodology
 When the water is filtered and comes out after all the process in
RO the flow rate is monitored.
 The temperature sensor checks the temperature of the inlet

water and the flow meter checks the flow rate of the outlet water.
 When the temperature crosses the safe value of the membrane

the motor automatically cuts OFF. If there is any necessary need
of water the switch can be provided to turn it ON.
 Once the life of filter is achieved, the flow rate will be reduced,
and the LED turns to red from which we could understand that
the membrane has worn out.
Block Diagram
Circuit Design
Simulation of Circuit using Proteus Software

Design Calculation
 Flow rate based on 3 variables. Let us take it as Industry
standards for standard calculation.
1. Water Pressure(60 PSI)
2. Water Temperature(45 degree celsius)
3. Water Quality (500ppm)
Water output from the new Filter will be
220 mL/min
Multiply by 60 to find in ml/hour
220*60=13200 mL/min
that is 13.2 litres/hour
If the Output reduced 50% we need to change the filters i.e.
110ml/min
If the water output from the filter is reduced less than 110 mL/min
then the filter should be changed.
Conclusion
 It is very efficient as it is real-time monitoring method based on
simple concept.
 Technically feasible as only the flow meter ,Arduino boards and

temperature sensor are being used as major components.
 It is economic as the cost for this total process is less , since it

consist only of the Arduino, Flow meter and Temperature sensor
as major components.
 This technology will lead a overall health of the people who uses
it.
Plan for Phase II
 To fabricate the system and to analyze the system’s

advantage over the normal method.
 In the analyze process we like to analyze this system
advantages, feasibility, limitations by comparing the RO
system with this setup.
 From the testing method if bug arise we will find out and
rectify them.
Key References
 1. Farmanullah Jan, Nasro Min-Allah and Dilek Dü¸stegör (2021), IoT Based
Smart Water Quality Monitoring: Recent Techniques, Trends and Challenges
for Domestic Applications.
 2. Theofanis P. Lambrou, Christos C. Anastasiou, Christos G. Panayiotou,

and Marios M. Polycarpou (2014), A Low-Cost Sensor Network for Real-
Time Monitoring and Contamination Detection in Drinking Water Distribution
System.
 3. Niel Andre Cloete, Reza Malekian, (Member, IEEE), And Lakshmi Nair,
(Member, IEEE) (2016), Design of Smart Sensors for Real-Time Water
Quality Monitoring.
 4. Yoshiki Okamotoa,b , John H. Lienhard (2019), How RO membrane

permeability and other performance factors affect process cost and energy
use: A review.
Cost Estimation
S.NO ITEMS QUANTITY PRICE

1. Temperature 1 Rs.150
sensor
2. Flow sensor 1 Rs.200
3. Arduino 1 Rs.550
4. Switch and Not applicable Rs.100
Wires, LED
5. Others Not applicable Rs. 200
Total Rs.1300

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Kongu Engineering College

AUTOMATIC DEFECT MONITORING SYSTEM IN

 In todays world the domestic used RO systems do not indicate

 To limit the water wastage that occurs.

 To prevent the use of hardened water.

 The health issues can be avoided.

 The proper working of membrane can be monitored.

1 Farmanullah Jan, Nasro IoT Based Smart Water Water Quality

 From this we understand that we could develop a technologies

 The temperature sensor checks the temperature of the inlet

 When the temperature crosses the safe value of the membrane

Simulation of Circuit using Proteus Software

 Technically feasible as only the flow meter ,Arduino boards and

 It is economic as the cost for this total process is less , since it

 To fabricate the system and to analyze the system’s

 2. Theofanis P. Lambrou, Christos C. Anastasiou, Christos G. Panayiotou,

 4. Yoshiki Okamotoa,b , John H. Lienhard (2019), How RO membrane

S.NO ITEMS QUANTITY PRICE

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