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Database System
Lecture No.2 1.6 : Importance of the Databases A database management system is important because it manages data efficiently and allows users to perform multiple tasks with ease. A database management system stores, organizes and manages a large amount of information within a single software application. Use of this system increases efficiency of business operations and reduces overall costs. Database management systems are important to businesses and organizations because they provide a highly efficient method for handling multiple types of data. Some of the data that are easily managed with this type of system include: employee records, student information, payroll, accounting, project management, inventory and library books. Without database management, tasks have to be done manually and take more time. Data can be categorized and structured to suit the needs of the company or organization. Data is entered into the system and accessed on a routine basis by assigned users. Each user may have an assigned password to gain access to their part of the system. Multiple users can use the system at the same time in different ways. 1.7: Databases and Traditional File Processing Systems Traditional file processing system or simple file processing system refers to the first computer-based approach of handling the commercial or business applications. That is why it is also called a replacement of the manual file system. Before the use computers, the data in the offices or business was maintained in the files (well in that perspective some offices may still be considered in the pre-computer age). Obviously, it was laborious, time consuming, inefficient, especially in case of large organizations. Computers, initially designed for the engineering purposes were though of as blessing, since they helped efficient management but file processing environment simply transformed manual file work to computers. So processing became very fast and efficient, but as file processing systems were used, their problems were also realized and some of them were very severe as discussed later. Traditional File Processing System Libra Examinat Registrat ion ion ry
Library Exam Registrati
on App App App
Registrat Registrat Registrat
ion ion ion Data Data Data Files Files Files
Program and Data
Independance The diagram presents a typical traditional file processing environment. The main point being highlighted is the program and data interdependence, that is, program and data depend on each other, well they depend too much on each other. As a result any change in one affects the other as well. This is something that makes a change very painful or problematic for the designers or developers of the system. The systems (even the file processing There could be many reasons, mainly being that the users get the real taste of the system when it is established. That is, users tell the analysts or designers their requirements, the designers design and later develop the system based on those requirements, but when system is developed and presented to the users, it is only then they realize the outcome of the effort. Now it could be slightly and (unfortunately) sometimes very different from what they expected or wanted it to be. So the users ask changes, minor or major. Another reason for the change is the change in the requirements. So we need changes in the system, but due to program- data interdependence these changes in the systems were very hard to make. A change in one will affect the other whether related or not. Another major drawback in the traditional file system environment is the non-sharing of data. It means if different systems of an organization are using some common data then rather than storing it once and sharing it, each system stores data in separate files. This creates the problem of redundancy or wastage of storage and on the other hand the problem on inconsistency. The change in the data in one system sometimes is not reflected in the same data stored in other system. So different systems in organization; store different facts about same thing. Traditional File Processing System Library Examinati Registrati on on Reg.No Name Reg.No Reg.No F-Name Name Name Book Address F-Name Issues Class Phone Book Semester Address Return Grade Class Fine Duplication & Inconsistency
THE STEP BY STEP GUIDE FOR SUCCESSFUL IMPLEMENTATION OF DATA LAKE-LAKEHOUSE-DATA WAREHOUSE: "THE STEP BY STEP GUIDE FOR SUCCESSFUL IMPLEMENTATION OF DATA LAKE-LAKEHOUSE-DATA WAREHOUSE"
THE STEP BY STEP GUIDE FOR SUCCESSFUL IMPLEMENTATION OF DATA LAKE-LAKEHOUSE-DATA WAREHOUSE: "THE STEP BY STEP GUIDE FOR SUCCESSFUL IMPLEMENTATION OF DATA LAKE-LAKEHOUSE-DATA WAREHOUSE"
