Tema 23
Tema 23
Tema 23
Prevención de la
Hipertensión Arterial
¿Qué es la PA?
J.R. Banegas
MPSP, UAM, 2023
Guión La PA
• Conceptos generales: cambia con la edad
(a partir de los 30 años)
–PA y HTA
• Causas:
–Genes y ambiente
• Epidemiología:
–Magnitud y riesgos This document is merged by PDF Page Merger Free version. To remove this text, please upgrade
• Prevención y control:
to the Pro version.
Hipertensión
arterial
This document is merged by PDF Page Merger Free version. To remove this text, please upgrade
to the Pro version.
- Definición pragmática /caso para tratar
- ¿Arbitrario o convencional?
FR de HTA en la Población
Riesgo Atribuible
Factor de Riesgo This document is merged by PDF Page Merger Free version. To remove this text, please upgrade
de HTA (%)
to the Pro version.
17
Magnitud
Sedentarismo 17
Exceso de alcohol 3
Adaptado de: Institute of Medicine, A pop-based policy … to prevent and control hypertension, 2011.
BP (mmHg) grading
Hypertension
Other risk factors,
disease
HMOD, or disease
staging High-normal Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3
SBP 130−139 SBP 140−159 SBP 160−179 SBP ≥ 180
HTA y
DBP 85−89 DBP 90−99 DBP 100−109 DBP ≥ 110
No other risk factors Low risk Low risk Moderate risk High risk
Mujer de 73 años,
Con MAPA.
El aumento (espiga)
Diagnóstico en la consulta
sugiere WCH.
Fx:
AbCD
This document is merged by PDF Page Merger Free version. To remove this text, please upgrade
to the Pro version.
<55 años: A o A+C
>55 años: C o C+(A o D)
Prevención Resistencia
● 50%–80% 1 rep maximo
● 6 ejercicios, 3 sets/ejercicio, 10
repeticiones/set
● 4 × 2 min (hand grip), 1 min -5 mm Hg -4 mm Hg
isométrica descanso entre ejercicios, 30%–
40% máxima contracción
voluntaria, 3 sesiones/sem
MEDIDAS TODOS LOS
● 8–10 sem
HIGIÉNICO
DIETÉTICAS DÍAS Ingesta Consumo de alcohol En individuos que beben alcohol, -4 mm Hg -3 mm
moderada reducirlo a:
de alcohol ● Varones: ≤ bebidas/día
● Mujeres ≤ bebidas /día
*Type, dose, and expected impact on BP in adults with a normal BP and with hypertension.
†In the United States, one “standard” drink contains roughly 14 g of pure alcohol, which is typically found in 12 oz
of regular beer (usually about 5% alcohol), 5 oz of wine (usually about 12%
alcohol), and 1.5 oz of distilled spirits (usually about 40% alcohol).
Mechanisms Linked to Increases in Blood Pressure and the Therapeutic Effects of Healthful
Dietary Patterns, Sodium Reduction, and Weight Loss
This document is merged by PDF Page Merger Free version. To remove this text, please upgrade
to the Pro version.