Léxico militar deonomástico en lengua española

Lexical Analysis of Military Terminology in Old and Middle English., 2016

The evolution of the English language is a well-known process; in this essay we will focus on how the invasions and wars have affected the language of the British Isles from the Old English to the Middle English; to make this possible we will put our attention on how the lexicon related to a military ambit has changed from the Anglo-Saxon culture to the Normand invasion in 1066 and its posterior influence in the English language.

2021

The paper focuses on the analysis of a sample of military language from the stylometric perspective. The corpus is the chronicle of the 8th Czech Armed Forces Guard Company, which operated at the Bagram Air Field base (BAF). We work on the assumptions that in the corpus, there will be (A) a prominent presence of military slang; (B) a high proportion of abbreviations; (C) frequent linguistic devices expressing mutuality and collectiveness of the soldiers’ enterprise. The texts were subjected to keyword and collocation analyses; these determined several stylistic features of theirs (such as use of English-based expressions, protocol-like language, or idiosyncratic collocations), which testify to the multifaceted character of the military chronicle genre.

The Journal of Military History, 2003

eHumanista, 2023

If, as the often-repeated ancient precept would have it, money comprises the sinews of war, during the medieval and early modern periods the written word increasingly comprised its other connective tissue. Against the backdrop of burgeoning administrative correspondence, technical treatises, and the bureaucratic testimony and self-narrative required for oversight and career ascent, the evolving armies of the period became sites of a vibrant textual culture. Access to paper and familiarity with writing practices in various registers were among the material conditions that allowed military writing, including life writing, to flourish. By the beginning of the seventeenth century, the heterogeneous character of armies, the precarious status of non-noble soldiers, and the contested nature of the means and justification for warfare were all debates in which soldiers themselves could intervene by writing. In such works it is often the lived experience of the soldier - figured in either a biographical or (pseudo)autobiographical frame - that is offered as entertainment, edification, or the grounds for authoritative argumentation. The present volume focuses on this singular thematic element in the multifarious military textual ecology: the military vida or life, defined broadly here as an account of a life (real or imagined), marked by service in arms. Beyond the writing required for basic military functioning, the institution - along with the conflicted figure of the soldier - left a distinctive literary footprint, in genres including the chivalric biography and humanist dialogue, which rehearsed problems associated with military ethics, to comic and dramatic literature, which alternately satirized or idealized military experience through the contradictory figures of the valiente and the braggart soldier. The present volume brings together eleven articles examining different aspects of medieval and early modern military life, as it is refracted through the prism of a variety of textual genres. The essays are organized in a roughly chronological arc, although a web of shared themes connects them to each other. By bringing together different approaches to the study of military lives and their textual manifestations, spanning the global empires of Spain and Portugal, this volume aims to explore these works as aesthetic laboratories, engines of knowledge production, and sites of ideological articulation.

Due to the many variations of Judaeo-Spanish (J.-Sp.) in a discontiguous linguistic area, the language contact with many different idioms over time, the multiplicity of graphic systems used for writing J.-Sp., and different systems of transliteration, the lexicography of J.-Sp. poses a major challenge for lexicological and lexicographical studies. The lack of standardization of J.-Sp. renders this work very difficult. Despite the existence of a certain number of glossaries, word lists, and dictionaries of varying quality, a global dictionary of J.-Sp. (offering etymological, historical, semantic, and pragmatic information) is still missing. This chapter offers an overview oflexicographical activities in the field of J .-Sp. from its appearance until the present day. Finally, new perspectives of lexicological research and instruments are presented, which are useful in historical research concerning the lexicon of J.-Sp.

e-spania. revue interdisciplinaire d'études hispaniques médiévales et modernes

Spanish Medieval Military toponymy. About the origin of certain Spanish place names. "In the present article the authors treat some relative questions to the Spanish mediaeval military toponymia and his connection with the training of new political units around counties and border marks. From these pages the authors defend the relations of the names of Castille and Catalonia from a system of fortresses on rocks that gave origin to both political entities, as well as the equivalence in origin of the names ‘español’ and ‘catalan’. At the same time, we postulate as a hypothesis the derivation of the name ‘navarri’ from a system of natural defences in the Western Pyrenees. Cet article expose différents problèmes historiques concernant la toponymie militaire espagnole du haut moyen âge et son étroite relation avec la formation de nouvelles unités politiques autour des comtés frontaliers et des marches. Dans ce contexte, nous défendons l’idée que les termes « Castille » et « Catalogne » dérivent d'un système de forteresses rocheuses qui donnèrent lieu à ces deux entités politiques, ainsi que l’équivalence originaire des mots « espagnol » et « catalan ». Nous formulons également l'hypothèse que le gentilice « navarrais » provient sans doute d'un système de défense naturel dans les Pyrénées occidentales. En el presente artículo se tratan algunas cuestiones relativas a la toponimia castrense altomedieval española y su relación con la formación de nuevas unidades políticas en torno a condados y marcas fronterizas. Desde estas páginas se defiende la derivación de los nombres de Castilla y Cataluña a partir de un sistema de fortalezas en roquedos que dieron origen a sendas entidades políticas, así como la equivalencia en origen de los nombres ‘español’ y ‘catalán’. Al mismo tiempo, se postula como hipótesis la derivación del gentilicio ‘navarro’ a partir de un sistema de defensas naturales en el Pirineo occidental. "

2021

This article augments and complicates Nelson's claim that "we talk our way into war and talk our way out of it" (Dedaić & Nelson 2003, p. 459). Military endeavors require verbal legitimation, but militarizing participants and wide swaths of the civilian population requires more than just a stated rationale. It requires the complex construction of acquiescent selves and societies through linguistic maneuvers that present themselves with both brute force and subtlety to enable war's necropolitical calculus of who should live and who can, or must, die (MacLeish 2013, Mbembe 2003). War also involves vexed, stunted, and deadly forms of communication with perceived enemies or civilian populations. And those who are victims of military deeds, including civilians and sometimes service members themselves, are often left with psychic wounds that they cannot talk their way out of, for such wounds resist semantic expression and may emerge through more complex semiotic forms.

This article is devoted to the semantic, structural and etymological analysis of the language of war that reflects the relationship between the participants of various military conflicts with consideration of the extralinguistic factors that caused its appearance and usage. Special attention is paid to the fact that the language of war is stylistically marked and that is why every slur, every stereotype, every nationalistic and racist assumption is a war without weapons. Words of racist and nationalistic intolerance can hurt, and in world history there are many examples of effective propaganda and informational wars. Such words may only be the reason, but their effect is potentially lethal. That is why their power must be studied and taken into a consideration. An analysis of the language of war also presupposes studies of national history, international relations and economic and cultural relations. The extralinguistic factors, mainly the historic ones, which explain the reasons why such words came into being have been taken into consideration. Special attention has been paid to the most productive word building patterns according to which the analyzed words were coined, such as affixation, blending and different types of shortening. Key words and phrases: language of war, national history, word building patterns, slur, stereotype.