Arizona State University

A B S T R A C T As futures practice strives towards greater effectiveness, the foresight and design fields are in the process of discovering, learning from and remixing with each other. This paper offers a case study of an experiential futures/design fiction project co-created with workshop participants at the inaugural Emerge festival, an explicitly futures-themed hybrid arts and science event staged at Arizona State University in the city of Phoenix in 2012. The People Who Vanished was a live intervention, via performance and associated artifacts created for the occasion, reflecting on a possible future for the Phoenix area. The workshop's compressed timeline prompted the authors to create for participants a basic framework for producing experiential scenarios. That framework, further elaborated here as the Experiential Futures Ladder, is offered as a conceptual model for scaffolding experiential scenarios and design fiction going forward. Some implications for the foresight field of this multi-scalar mode of thought, as well as of the experiential turn more broadly (towards design, media, games and performance) are outlined.

Contemporary market-based (i.e. neoliberal) 'green economy' approaches to environmental degradation emphasise exchanges whereby quantified units of environmental harm are traded or 'offset' for compensating units of environmental health. Also encouraged is a view that economic growth can be 'greened' through 'decoupling' economic value from material ecological realities. Such approaches tend to frame biophysical natures in terms of aggregates, such as an 'aggregate natural capital rule' and 'net zero carbon.' Naturesbeyond-the-human are thereby understood and enacted as calculable, exchangeable, substitutable and commensurable between different spatial and temporal sites, making up an 'aggregate' or 'net' value overall. This article uses a comparative cross-cultural engagement to problematize ontological assumptions regarding the nature of nature underscoring the rationality of these aggregating and offsetting 'solu...

With the increasing advance of technology the construction of buildings become more complex. In order to follow this process, it was developed the paradigm named Building Information Modeling (BIM). It is based on collaboration between the architectural, engineering and construction professionals for the development of an integrated 3D model of a building from which necessary information will be set aside for the project management. BIM has been used by many companies, due to potential benefits. However, the diffusion of this paradigm remains limited by the small number of professionals who dominate it. Thus, this study aims to demonstrate the importance of BIM and describe a method of teaching it, so this paradigm could be widespread and used by many students. For this purpose, it was made an analysis of BIM teaching-learning experience in the class of Construction project management I, taught at Arizona State University (ASU), located in United States. From the results it was found that this class introduce concepts of BIM with others project management subjects, it may be classified as intermediate level, forming a BIM analyst, and it is effective in present some of mainly concepts and uses of BIM to the class.

The town of Phoenix was settled in 1867, and incorporated in 1881 as the City of Phoenix. Phoenix served as an agricultural area that depended on large-scale irrigation projects. Until World War II, the economy was based on the “Five C’s”: cotton, citrus and cattle, climate and copper. The city provided retail, wholesale, banking, and governmental services for central Arizona, and was gaining a national reputation among winter tourists. The post-World War Two years saw the city beginning to grow more rapidly, as many men who had trained in the military installations in the valley, returned, bringing their families. The population growth was further stimulated in the 1950’s, in part because of the availability of air conditioning, which made the very hot dry summer heat tolerable, as well as an influx of industry, led by high tech companies. The population growth rate of the Phoenix metro area has been nearly 4% per year for the past 40 years. That growth rate slowed during the Great Recession but the U.S. Census Bureau predicted it would resume as the nation’s economy recovered, and it already has begun to do so. While currently ranked 6th in population, it is predicted that Phoenix will rank 4th by 2020. Currently it the 6th most populous city in the United States.

Deeply entrenched eugenic values overdetermine who is treated with care and dignity and who is treated with violence. These eugenic values inform and are informed by settler colonialism, patriarchy, and ableism. Carceral locales such as nursing homes, hospitals, and jails enact specific kinds of harm onto disabled people and rely on their convoluted and self-serving bureaucratic processes to evade responsibility. Given my interest in the indivisibility of carceral logics, spaces of capture, and ableism, my focus in this dissertation is both the real-life contexts of the individual incidents and the systemic, cross-institutional patterns evident in each of the three incidents analyzed.
I take a modified case study approach to three incidents in which disabled people in carceral locales experience tremendous harm. The first incident is about the gross medical neglect and rape of a San Carlos Apache disabled woman at a skilled nursing care facility in Phoenix, Arizona. The second incident occurred at a hospital in Austin, Texas where doctors worked hastily to killing a Black disabled man within only days of his arrival and change his code status to Do Not Resuscitate against his family’s will. The third incident focuses on duty of care violations and disability-based discrimination against a white disabled man at a Chicago jail. These situations, when analyzed individually and with/against one another, identify important connections relating to institutional power and cross-institution patterns of harm. I find that the paternal dynamics of medical[ized] facilities, the pervading anti-disability sentiments in US society, and bureaucratic violence make accountability and justice impossible.

Rapid urbanization of the Phoenix Metropolitan Area exemplifies the dominant US Southwest urban growth pattern of the past six decades. Using a combination of multitemporal land cover data, gradient analysis, and landscape metrics, we quantify and characterize spatiotemporal patterns of land fragmentation observed in Phoenix. We analyze historical, qualitative data to identify five major socio-ecological drivers critical to understanding the urbanization processes and fragmentation patterns: population dynamics, water provisioning, technology and transportation, institutional factors, and topography. A second objective is to assess the applicability and accuracy of National Land cover Database (NLCD)-—a widely used land cover dataset—-to detect and measure urban growth and land fragmentation patterns in the relatively treeless desert biome of the US Southwest. In contrast to studies in the temperate eastern USA where NLCD has proved inaccurate for detection of exurban development, our study demonstrates that NLCD is a reliable data source for measuring land use in the southwest, even in low-density environments. By combining qualitative analyses of social-ecological drivers with fragmentation analyses, we move toward an improved understanding of urbanization and insights on the human modification framework used widely in land change science.

The traditional focus of corporate law is on aligning managers’ preferences to the interests of shareholders. This view is premised on two assumptions that are no longer true: first, the idea that all shareholders want to maximize the net present value of the firm’s earnings per dollar invested; and, second, the view that microeconomic shocks do not produce macroeconomic consequences. The rise of institutional investors undermines the first assumption, since large asset managers hold the entire market and have been shown to display a preference for maximizing the value of their portfolio as a whole, with limited interest in the performance of specific companies: that is, they are “portfolio value maximizers.” At the same time, the increasingly interconnectedness of the economy, and society more broadly, undermines the second assumption, as there is ample empirical evidence demonstrating that microeconomic shocks can propagate through the existing interconnections and generate catast...

Background: Many family caregivers of patients with cancer feel guilty about self-care. A meaningful relationship with patients reduces such negative feelings and functions as self-care for family caregivers. Moreover, handholding improves autonomic functions in non-cancer patients. However, the effects of handholding on both patients with cancer and family caregivers remain unknown. Methods: We evaluated the effects of handholding on heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with cancer and their family caregivers. This randomized crossover study divided patients with cancer and their family caregivers into two trial groups: Handholding trial (the family caregiver holds the patient's hand for five minutes) and Beside trial (the family caregiver stays beside the patient without holding their hand). The study included 37 pairs of patients with cancer who received treatment in the cancer department of a university hospital in Japan and their family caregivers (n = 74). The primary end-point was the change in HRV before and during the intervention. Results: The median performance status of the patients was 3. An interaction was observed between trials in the standard deviation of the normal-to-normal interval (SDNN) of HRV for family caregivers (F = 7.669; p = 0.006), and a significant difference in time course was observed between the trials (before p = 0.351; during p = 0.003). No interaction was observed between trials in the SDNN for patients (F = 0.331; p = 0.566). Only a main effect in time course (F = 6.254; p = 0.014) was observed. SDNN increased significantly during the intervention in both trials (Handholding trial: p = 0.002, Beside trial: p = 0.049). Conclusions: Handholding improves autonomic functions of family caregivers and may function as self-care for family caregivers.

I have two preferred cafés.  The first, near our home in a Phoenix suburb, is an independent coffeehouse with a wide sitting porch looking out over an artificial lake.  The owners are a friendly Greek family and, despite a limited selection beyond coffee and tea, they make sure that there is baklava available.  The place stays open until late and attracts a mixture of students and local Arabic-speaking families. 

Here I bring a book and read for a couple evening hours. 

The second is a small café in the Sonoran desert prison-town of Florence, home to a half-dozen jails and prisons.  A hand-painted sign outside advertises coffee and donuts.  I tried a sandwich once and that was a sad occasion.  A quiet married couple runs the place, which has slow traffic and likely low income.  The sparse clientele leans heavily towards old white retirees, the sort who have spent their lives in the rural periphery on modest incomes, and a few county employees from offices across the road. 

Here I sip a small coffee, helpful after an hour’s drive, and sometimes treat myself to a homemade plain donut.  .....

Revive Empathy Awareness on Campus for the Homeless known as REACH is an innovative program that creates a safe and unique space between students and individuals who are homeless. The use of commercial and public land has brought these two diverse populations to the intersection where one has meet the other (informally). Our intention is to know who the person is and meet them formally to begin a dialogue and create a community that includes individuals who are homeless.
REACH creates a safe and comfortable space through a three part series program. The program is designed to create a base understanding of the issue, cause(s), and resources (social services) available in the immediate Downtown Area. The goal at hand is to bring two separate worlds and create an interplay of exchanges, where both learning from one another.

We explore defection of working-class whites from the Democratic party since the mid 1970s. Identification with the Democrats among this group fell by twenty percentage points in the late 1970s and the 1980s and has not changed since then. We consider the impact of compositional shifts and issues on this development and find that the latter played a far more important role. Working-class whites who turned away from the Democrats appear to have done so in part because their views shifted to the right on some issues, in part because they perceived the Democrats as shifting to their left on some issues, in part because some issues on which they were never aligned with the party's positions increased in importance to them, and in part because they lost confidence in the Democrats' ability to deliver on key issues. We conclude that material issues were a more important cause of the decline in Democratic identification than social/cultural ones. The lack of change in Democratic identification among working-class whites since the early 1990s appears to have been due to an increase in the importance of social/cultural issues and to a cohort effect. Identification with the Democratic party among working-class whites has declined significantly since the mid 1970s. Figure 1 shows this using data from the General Social Survey (GSS). Democratic identification fell from 60% in the mid 1970s to 40% in the early 1990s and has remained at that level since.

Extractive capitalism has long been the driving force of settler colonialism in Canada, and continues to threaten the sovereignty, lands and waters of Indigenous nations across the country. While ostensibly counterposed to extractivism, state-led conservation has similarly served to alienate Indigenous peoples from their territories, often for capitalist gain. Recognizing the inadequacy of the colonial-capitalist conservation paradigm to redress the biodiversity crisis, scholars in political ecology increasingly call for radical, convivial alternatives rooted in equity and justice. Indigenous Protected and Conserved Areas (IPCAs) are one such alternative, representing a paradigm shift from colonial to Indigenous-led conservation that reinvigorates Indigenous knowledge and governance systems. Since the Indigenous Circle of Experts finalized a report in 2018 on how IPCAs could contribute to Canada's conservation targets and reconciliation efforts, an increasing number of Indigenou...

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All processes of commodification are different. Some “succeed” better than others. Because the neoliberal era has witnessed an unprecedented expansion in theoretical ambitions for commodification (whether commodification of species, biodiversity, security, public services, water, ideas, genomic information, climate benefit and so forth), paying attention to the particularities and resistances associated with each attempted commodification process has never been more important. Using the example of climate service markets, this chapter proposes and demonstrates one method for breaking down into bite-sized chunks the radical efforts at commensuration characteristic of neoliberal commodification, so that accounts of the relevant actors, methodologies, institutions, contradictions and outcomes can be more easily organized. Applying this tool – performative equations – helps explain why the failures of climate service markets go far beyond those of more traditional markets. Introduction:...

In this article, we present a conceptual framework for addressing the disproportionate representation of culturally and linguistically diverse students in special education. The cornerstone of our approach to addressing disproportionate representation is through the creation of culturally responsive educational systems. Our goal is to assist practitioners, researchers, and policy makers in coalescing around culturally responsive, evidence-based interventions and strategic improvements in practice and policy to improve students’ educational opportunities in general education and reduce inappropriate referrals to and placement in special education. We envision this work as cutting across three interrelated domains: policies, practices, and people. Policies include those guidelines enacted at federal, state, district, and school levels that influence funding, resource allocation, accountability, and other key aspects of schooling. We use the notion of practice in two ways, in the instr...

Many government policies either target the underlying supply infrastructure or have indirect effects on market structure. In this paper we seek to understand the impact of the Critical Access Hospital (CAH) program on the U.S. rural hospital infrastructure and societal welfare. This program provides generous reimbursement to hospitals in exchange for size and service limitations. We specify and estimate a model of the rural hospital industry in which hospitals choose investment, exit and conversion to CAH status. Because these choices have dynamic impacts and even rural hospitals have geographically close competitors, we model hospitals as a dynamic oligopoly. We estimate the structural parameters from this model using a two-step inference method and assess the structural and welfare impacts of the CAH program. Our methods extend current estimation techniques for dynamic oligopoly models to allow for investment behaviors that are more consistent with observed data. Our estimated parameters on investment costs and the costs of CAH conversion appear reasonable in magnitude. Preliminary results reveal that the CAH program increases the decreases exits by 6% but also decreases consumer welfare.

Policymakers and practitioners often must balance distributing resources equitably and efficiently while being accountable for high student achievement. This paper focuses on these concepts as they relate to English learners and examines equity and efficiency in Minnesota’s educational funding from 2003 through 2011, the years spanning implementation of the No Child Left Behind Act and Minnesota’s waiver from its regulations. Equity refers to the distribution of resources in the achievement of established goals (Alexander, 2012); efficiency entails the attainment of those goals using fewer resources (Rolle, 2004). We measure equity by looking at three standard distribution measures: (1) McCloone Index; (2) Verstegen Index; and (3) Coefficient of Variation (Odden & Picus, 2008). We operationalize efficiency using data envelope analysis, thus getting at aspects of technical efficiency. We found that distribution of expenditures are increasingly uneven in the nine-year period examined....

In this paper, I explore Cognate Object Constructions COCs (e.g. The clown laughed a creepy laugh) through three research questions: (1) What verbs can accept Cognate Objects COs? (2) Why can these verbs accept COs and other verbs cannot? and (3) How are COCs derived? I demonstrate that Sorace's Hierarchy sheds light on which verbs can accept COs and which cannot by explaining the discrepancies in grammaticality judgments that exist in the literature. I then argue that Hale and Keyser's Conflation account of COCs is not minimalist because it relies on a phenomenon that can be reduced to Merge. After commenting and repairing their account, I provide an outline for a more minimalist framework, which I refer to as Problems of Projection Extensions (PoP+), that focuses on merge, workspaces, labeling theory, phases, and determinacy. Inside this framework, I then develop my own account that depends on only Internal Merge and the constraint in English against stranded articles. With my account situated in this PoP+ framework, I am able to approach the research questions from a syntactic perspective, arguing that the Unergative Restriction on COCs is a result of a determinacy violation in the derivation of Unaccusative COCs. Finally, I point out that, being situated in the PoP+ framework, my account opens COCs up to further investigation not possible before.

funded in 1896 by FredricK M.Indi. the vascular plant herbarium at Arizona State University (ASU) icts as a repository for plant particularly From ihe desert outh . t and Mexico. It now contains )ver 230,000 specimens, ol which 7 3a haw been designated .is types nuluding paratypes. Here we yp( lectotyp vntyp. nd neoi pe md their dupln t R, ion IKthi majorit of t In | i nensare from the United n I t ind Mexieot 1 0 vhilel3irom ourh America and from t he alclWoild Taxonomii dl\ ilk in i|nnr unp pe< nm n hi. Ion IOIIH Vuiu ., ,X'iolt-11 Y>l\gonaccat (=i0) ( a, r i i a i A ) < i ophul u a, • ai t ' ilahu, loMh, v • , u n \ \ < imi \cant haceae 11 Oj. Historical I \ prominent are 00 isoiype spec i mens collected by (AG. Pringle.a promi lent early plant col lei toi in \le\ii o I rom IKPOto 1°0'S Miiinenuh \ p. mile tmns were also made by tines R Revi il No, I 11 Holmgren Howard .. Gentry and (.corg, b. Ilmton For, i h I.a ionvm t\ pa em demographic unit), and date of collection.

In this article, core tenets and claims of the theory of ecologically unequal exchange (EUE) are synthesized. EUE theory postulates a net flow of natural resources from peripheral developing to core industrialized countries through international trade, a situation which undermines the development of the periphery while enhancing that of the core. The key claims and EUE mechanisms are categorized and discussed under three topics: 1) the structure of the capitalist world-economy, 2) monetary valuation, and 3) equity and justice. The treadmill logic of capitalism in which capital extracts ecological resources and release waste in an endless pursuit of profits creates an expansionary dynamic which draws peripheral countries into exploitative market relations. This peripheralization is supported by &#39;free trade&#39; economic policies, while nation-states and other political-economic institutions such as the WTO and IMF provide the regulations which ensure proper functioning of the sys...

The prehistoric site Nahal Issaron is located on the alluvial fan of Nahal Issaron, a short wadi draining into Biqat Uvda some 50 km north of Eilat. Excavated in the early 1980s, it constitutes a major Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (PPNB) layer, with continued but sporadic occupation throughout the Late Neolithic to the Chalcolithic period. In the PPNB layer, a dense agglomeration of rounded, polygonal and rectangular structures was found, with courtyards and a variety of features such as hearths and ovens. The upper layer is badly preserved, apart from the hearths and ovens. Thirty samples from the site were14C-dated in the Rehovot laboratory and five in the Pretoria laboratory. The results enabled a fine temporal resolution between layers and a refinement of the 7th through 5th millennium bc chronology. The dates also placed the sequence of changes in architecture and lithics within a more robust temporal framework, thus making the site a key chronological anchor in the Neolithic of Sou...

Family adaptation to child developmental disability is a dynamic transactional process that has yet to be tested in a longitudinal, rigorous fashion. In addition, although children with developmental delays frequently have behavior problems, not enough research has examined possible underlying mechanisms in the relation between child developmental delay, adaptation and behavior problems. In the current study, factor analysis examined how best to conceptualize the construct of family adaptation to developmental delay. Also, longitudinal growth curve modeling tested models in which child behavior problems mediated the relation between developmental risk and indices of family adaptation. Participants included 130 typically developing children and their families (Mental Development Index [MDI] > 85) and 104 children with developmental delays and their families (MDI < 85). Data were collected yearly between the ages of three and eight as part of a multi-site, longitudinal investigation examining the interrelations among children's developmental status, family processes, and the emergence of child psychopathology. Results of the current study indicated that adaptation is best conceptualized as a multi-index construct. Different aspects of adaptation changed in unique ways over time, with some facets of adaptation remaining stable while others fluctuated. Child internalizing and externalizing behavior problems were found to decrease over time for both children with developmental delays and typically developing children. Child behavior problems were also found to mediate the relation between developmental risk and family adaptation for over half of the mediation pathways. Significant mediation results iii indicated that children with developmental delays showed higher early levels of behavior problems, which in turn was associated with more maladaptive adaptation. These findings provide further evidence that families of children with developmental delays experience both positive and more challenging changes in their families over time. This study implies important next steps for research and clinical practice in the area of developmental disability. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my mentor and dissertation committee chair, Dr. Keith Crnic, for all of the editing, inspiration, guidance, and pep talks he has provided over the last seven years, and particularly during the composition of this document. I am also grateful to my committee member Dr. Craig Enders, who carefully evaluated my complex statistical analyses and gave me excellent advice to ensure I answered my research questions accurately and to the best of my ability. I am very thankful for the help of my committee members Dr. Kathy Lemery-Chalfant and Dr. Irwin Sandler, who thoughtfully reviewed this document at several stages, and gave many suggestions that helped me hone my arguments. I greatly appreciate the patience of my family members, who have put up with much neglect in order to support me as I finished this document. Lastly, I thank my partner, Amy Pennock, for all the love, strength, support, and courage she has provided as I have written this dissertation.

Distinguished faculty, staff, friends and families, and members of the graduating class of 2016. I want to start by thanking the ASU Alumni Association for inviting me to be part of this celebration. In the next few minutes I would like to share with you something about myself, the work I do, and some implications for you. In 2001 I was resettled in Phoenix along with thousands of other refugees from Sudan. Growing up as a refugee, seeking refuge over a decade on the run, I witnessed the atrocities of one of Africa’s most horrendous conflicts that had cost the lives of 2.5 million people and forcefully displaced millions more.  The problems of intra-state conflict shaped my early childhood and informed my choice of study in later years. I attended ASU and graduated in 2006.  My focus was always on finding sustainable solutions to complex world problems.

Resumen: Este texto contiene un análisis sobre el peso que tienen las actividades de docencia y de investigación en la Universidad de Sonora (UNISON), desde la visión de sus académicos. Durante el 2007 se aplicó la encuesta Reconfiguración de la Profesión ...

The results are presented of a new program of radiocarbon dating undertaken on 88 human skeletons. The individuals derived from Eneolithic to Early Iron Age sites—Afanasievo, Okunevo, Andronovo (Fedorovo), Karasuk, and Tagar cultures—in the Minusinsk Basin of Southern Siberia. All the new dates have been acquired from human bone, which is in contrast to some of the previous dates for this region obtained from wood and thus possibly unreliable due to old-wood effects or re-use of the timber. The new data are compared with the existing 14C chronology for the region, thereby enabling a clearer understanding to be gained concerning the chronology of these cultures and their place within the prehistory of the Eurasian steppes.

The Sellafield nuclear fuel reprocessing plant on the northwest coast of England is the largest source of anthropogenic radiocarbon to the UK coastal environment. In a mid-1990s study of 14C distribution around the UK coast, the pattern of dilution with increasing distance from Sellafield appeared to be perturbed by anomalously high 14C activities in marine biota in the coastal environment of northeast England. This present study was undertaken during 1998 and 1999 to determine whether this 14C enhancement was due to Sellafield or the nuclear power plants on the east coast. Seawater, seaweed (Fucus sp.), and mussel (Mytilus edulis) samples that were collected from the vicinity of the Torness and Hartlepool advanced gas-cooled reactor (AGR) nuclear power stations were all enhanced above the contemporary regional background activity derived from natural production and atmospheric nuclear weapons testing. We used previously published dilution factors and transfer times for 99Tc between...

Introduction: Several faith-based or faith-placed programs have focused on the physical dimension of wellness in efforts to improve health by increasing physical activity and improving diet behaviors. However, these programs were not designed to intervene on the mental dimension of wellness which is critical for stress reduction and health behavior change. Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of a spirituality-based stress reduction and health behavior change intervention using the Spiritual Framework of Coping (SFC) model. Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental one group pretest posttest design. The study was a total of eight weeks conducted at a non-denominational Christian church. Participants were recruited from the church through announcements and flyers. The Optimal Health program met once a week for 1.5 hours with weekly phone calls during an additional four week follow-up period. Feasibility was assessed by the acceptability, demand, implementation, practicality, integration, and limited efficacy of the program. Analysis: Frequencies for demographics were assessed. Statistical analyses of feasibility objectives were assessed by frequencies and distribution of responses to feasibility evaluations. Limited efficacy of pretest and posttest measures were conducted using paired t-test (p <.05). Results: The Optimal Health Program was positively accepted by participants. The demand for the program was shown with average attendance of 78.7%. The program was successfully implemented as shown by meeting session objectives and 88% homework completion. The program was both practical for the intended participants and was successfully integrated within the existing environment. ii Limited efficacy changes within the program were mostly non-significant. Conclusion: This study tested the feasibility of implementing the Optimal Health program that specifically targeted the structural components of the Spiritual Framework of Coping Model identified to create meaning making and enhance well-being. This program may ultimately be used to help individuals improve and balance the spiritual, mental, and physical dimensions of wellness. However, length of study and limited efficacy measures will need to be reevaluated for program success. iii DEDICATION To all who persevere through pressure come endurance, character, and hope. iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS To God, my mother, family and friends, you consistently said that it can and will be done. To my chair and each person at ASU who supported me I say thank you. You have taught and challenged. I appreciate it immensely. v