Flora

A database on Antonio Bertoloni’s Flora Italica – The structure and content of a database on Antonio Bertoloni’s Flora italica are described. This was the first Italian general Flora, issued between 1833 and 1856, and is still useful for analysing local floras of, e.g. specific localities, provinces or regions. Flora Italica covers an area extending outside the present political borders of Italy, such as Corse, Nice, Savoy, Cenise (France), Slovenia, Croatia, and Malta; includes data on the distribution of plants in italy at tha time of its editing.
The general aim of the database is to make the data easier to search and retrieve. The database consists of several related tables. The core-table contains the systematic units listed and aknowledged in Flora Italica; it includes 4254 species and 623 varieties of Spermatophyta.
The most significant table contains data on specimens collected by Bertoloni or sent by his collaborators. It consists of more than 35000 records, each includind tha code of the taxon, locality of collection, the person(s) who collected and sent the exsiccatum to Bertoloni. Since each record can be referred to one or more regions, another table contains the region(s) to which each record belongs, for a total of more than 38000 records.
Finally, a table contains data on the persons who worked with Bertoloni, by sending specimens of plants collected from the whole Italian area. The persons that have been individually identified are more than 240, practically all of the botanists of Italy, including not only the most important scholars, but also naturalists, field botanists and Bertoloni’s pupils.
Some syntheses are presented: the amount of data for each region and the most important contributors. The regional distribution of data from each contributor shows that some of them worked in narrow areas, while others send data from several regions. A list of regions and related number of systematic units is also presented. The best known region is Tuscany, with more of 4400 data on more than 1800 units, followed by Veneto (almost 3700 data on 1782 units) and by Emilia-Romagna (2938 records, 1539 units). The regions of Southern Italy are generally less known than those of Northern and Central Italy.
The database is a useful tool for measuring the loss of floristic and ecological diversity in areas that had a rich flora and have been completely transformed, such as wetlands and sandy coastal environments.

Phytogeographical study of the forest massifs of Kefrida, a neglected sector of the Babors important PLANT area (Northeastern Algeria).― In order to provide a better knowledge of the flora of Little Kabylia (Bejaia, Algeria), with an objective of conservation of natural heritage, a phytogeographical study was conducted on forest vegetation in two understudied mountains in the area of Kefrida, adjoining the IPA (important plants area) of the Babors. The floristic surveys were conducted in a Zeen and an Afares oak (Quercus canariensis Willd. and Q. afares Pomel respectively) forests as well as mountain grasslands. The sampling allowed us to inventory 332 species of vascular plants. Besides the 205 (62 %) Mediterranean species it houses, the site is remarkable by the presence of 37 (11 %) Algerian endemics or sub-endemics and, above all, 79 (23 %) species from the non-Mediterranean Holarctic subset. Analysis of the global biological spectrum showed the significant dominance of hemicryp...

A família Iridaceae possui 66 gêneros e cerca de 2030 espécies, com distribuição cosmopolita e centro de diversidade na África do Sul, seguido pela América do Sul (Goldblatt et al. 2008). O presente trabalho baseia-se especialmente no levantamento da flora do estado de Goiás, hoje Goiás e Tocantins (Rizzo, 1981) pela coleção de Iridáceas depositadas no herbário UFG e de outras coletas depositadas nos herbários BOTU, CEN, ESA, HEPH, HB, HUEFS, HUTO, IBGE, ICN, INCT, K, MBM, MO, NY, R, RB, SP, SPF, UB, UEC. Os gêneros Alophia Herb., Cipura Aublet, Deluciris A.Gil & Lovo, Eleutherine Herb. , Pseudotrimezia Foster, Sisyrinchium L., Trimezia Salisb. ex Herb. foram analisados, detectando-se 17 espécies para estes estados brasileiros. Alophia medusae (Baker) Goldblatt e Alophia polycephala (Baker) Chukr (comb. nov.) são endêmicas dos estados de Goiás e Tocantins com poucas ocorrências. Cipura xanthomelas Mart. ex Klatt apresenta expressiva distribuição nos estados de Goiás e Tocantins, apesar de ocorrer também no nordeste (Maranhão e Bahia) e sudeste (Minas Gerais e São Paulo). Em Trimezia as espécies de ocorrência são: T. lutea (Klatt) Foster, T. martinicensis (Jacq.) Herb. e T. spathata (Klatt) Baker. Em Pseudotrimezia as espécies de ocorrência são: P. cathartica (Klatt) Ravenna, P. juncifolia (Klatt) Lovo & A. Gil, e P. pusilla (Ravenna) A. Gil. É de se ressaltar o endemismo de Pseudotrimezia pusilla, restrita à Serra Dourada de Goiás. Note-se também P. cathartica e Deluciris violacea (Klatt) A. Gil & Lovo com distribuição geográfica disjunta entre a Serra Geral de Goiás e a Cadeia do Espinhaço, em Minas Gerais como na Bahia. São apresentadas chaves de identificação para os gêneros e espécies, descrições, ilustrações e mapas de distribuição, assim como a fenologia e nomes vulgares das espécies.

During the last years in the Ruhr area and in the Rheinland area several fern species have been detected new to the wild flora of Germany. These are the neophytic taxa Adiantum raddianum, Pteris cretica, Pteris cretica var. albo-lineata, Cyrtomium fortunei var. clivicola, as well as Selaginella kraussiana. Additionally, new locations have been found for the already known Adiantum capillus veneris and Pteris multifida.

Medicinal plants are traditionally used worldwide for primary healthcare. Documentation of such traditional ethnomedicinal knowledge is essential because it might be lost after the loss of knowledgeable people. This study was conducted to document the traditional uses of locally available medicinal plants in the Bardiya district of Nepal during March and April 2021. Questionnaire survey method was used to collect the information about uses, local names, and parts used of the medicinal plant species found in the study area. Secondary data were collected through online portals like Google Scholar and Researchgate. Data were pooled and analyzed in Excel software. The data were presented in tables, graphs, and pie-chart. A total of 63 species of medicinal plants from 59 genera and 39 families were found to be used to treat 51 types of diseases. Fabaceae family represented the maximum number of plant species used (n=8). Herbs were used most frequently (n=29) among the different habits of plants. Similarly, the leaf was used most frequently (n=26) to cure diseases. The finding of the present study would be the baseline for further exploration of medicinal plants in the study area.

This paper deals with the chemical composition of the lake water and its effect on this wet ecosystem witnessing the interplay among the sea, the river and the man.

The Lake Idku and its coasts is a characteristic ecosystem with a high level of diversity, regarding its small area, its semi-enclosed nature, the dense life and ecosystems in and around the lake, the availability of the requirements of development, and the fact that it is the most diversified ecosystem. Accordingly, this coastal lake, from its deepest point up to its coasts, represents a varied wetlands ecosystems, each of which is different from the others in terms of the flora, amphibia, birds and fish.
This lake shows the dynamic nature of ecosystems . The lake is a transitional zone. Either its fate will be ( 1 ) the dry up by man instead of the natural sedimentation by the Nile, halted after the construction of the High Dam , or ( 2 ) the erosion and encroaching by sea , the lake will represent a zone of struggle between land and sea, sea and river, and man and nature

This book presents 70 boards with 1,400 photographs of 1,002 species of plants, fungi and lichens photographed in São thome das Letras, Minas Gerais, Brazil in these 06 years by 66 plant-loving photographers. 802 species of angiosperms (flowering plants), 02 species of gymnosperms 53 species of lycophytes and ferns, 17 species of bryophytes, 102 species of fungi and 26 species of lichens.
ISBN 978 65 00 08679 9

У довіднику наведено інформацію про сучасний стан та подальші перспективи збереження рідкісних та зникаючих трав’янистих рослин у Національному дендрологічному парку «Софіївка» НАН України. Охарактеризовано 72 види рослин, серед яких занесені до Червоного списку Міжнародного союзу охорони природи, Європейського Червоного списку, додатків міжнародних конфенцій — Бернської та СІТЕС, Червоної книги України, списків регіонально рідкісних рослин Черкаської, Вінницької та Кіровоградської областей.
Для ботаніків, екологів, спеціалістів у галузі охорони природи, викладачів та студентів вищих навчальних закладів, вчитилів біології.

Resumen La cordillera Chongón Colonche conocida por su alta diversidad y endemismo presenta vacíos de información biológica así como la deforestación que amenazan la biodiversidad del sitio. Se determinó la composición, estructura y diversidad de la flora leñosa en dos localidades de la cordillera, Loma Alta y Dos Mangas, mediante parcelas de 0.1 ha ubicadas a 500 msnm. Se identificaron 48 especies, 46 géneros y 28 familias, donde las más representativas fueron Arecaceae y Urticaceae. La estructura estuvo conformada por seis clases diamétricas y siete altimétricas. El endemismo y estado de conservación se congrega en 19 especies (40%), de las cuales Inga carinata "Guaba", Gustavia serrata "Membrillo", Sorocea sarcocarpa "Tillo" y Randia carlosiana "Cañafito" son las más importantes. La diversidad alfa oscila en rangos medios, donde Loma Alta presentó mayor diversidad promedio (2.40 nats/ind) y menor dominancia promedio (0.13). La tasa de recam...

The synanthropic flora of the Lviv city was studied. It includes 663 species of vascular
plants which belong to 382 genera and 103 families of four divisions. The families which
are the most saturated of synanthropic species: Аsteraceae (15.2 %), Rosaceae (7.4 %),
Poaceae (7.2 %), Fabaceae (6.8 %), Brassicaceae (6.5 %), Lamiaceae (4.8 %), Scrophulariaceae
(3.8 %), Polygonaceae (3.2 %), Caryophyllaceae (3 %), Chenopodiaceae (3 %).
Prevailing genera of synanthropic flora are: Bromus Scop. (1.7 % видів), Vicia L., Geranium
L. (по 1.5 %), Amaranthus L., Trifolium L. (по 1.4 %), Chenopodium L., Potentilla L.
і Veronica L. (по 1. 2 %), Aster L., Atriplex L., Epilobium L. і Rumex L. (по 1 %). 31
families are represented exclusively in apophytes, and 37 – are only in adventitious species.
The apophytes fraction is larger – it accounts for 334 species. The adventitious fraction includes
329 species (archeophytes – 102 and kenophytes – 227 species). The largest number
of adventitious species occurs along roads, railways, near garbage, on abandoned sites, on
private plots. The degree of naturalization is dominated by a group of epecophytes (49.8 %),
by the way of penetration – ergasiophytes – 40.4 %.

The Philippines is highly regarded as one of the top biodiversity “hot spot” areas of the world supporting 1.9 percent of the world’s endemic plants and vertebrates species (Mittermeier et al. 1998). In fact, the Philippines is one of the 17 mega-diverse hotspots around the world in terms of species, habitat and other ecosystems as well as in terms of area in acre per acre basis [2]. Much of the diverse types of forest ecosystems in the country, Cebu has forest over limestone ecosystem that is now under many types of pressures (Malabrigo, 2016). Unlike the very scientific and organized conservation programs being poured into other forest ecosystems in the country, there is no consensus effort that would ensure effective biodiversity conservation and forest rehabilitation, most specifically in the Lagonoy Natural Biotic Area (LNBA), where a unique forest over limestone ecosystem and diverse fragmented  forests remains with imminent threat.  Protected areas have been established to conserve the Philippine ‘biodiversity’. Repeated data sampling or 'monitoring' can show if the biodiversity of an area is being maintained in accordance with the NIPAS Act and the management objectives of the area (UNDP-GEF, 2012). It is imperative that a more scientific and doable approach such as the Forest Biodiversity Management Units (FBMUs) would give contributory impacts to biodiversity conservation and rehabilitation program in the region and be formulated and adopted by the concerned stakeholders to completely protect the remaining resilient biodiversity and forest ecosystems in Bicol Region particularly LNBA. Despite being proclaimed as a protected area and amidst various scientific tools for diversity studies, not a single comprehensive floristic study has been conducted in Lagonoy Natural Biotic Area (LNBA) to determine the ecologically important species needing conservation prioritization. In fact, the basis in relation to PAME of NIPAS and its proclamation being a "Natural Biotic Area" is unknown considering the vast flora diversity of the area.

The essay takes it starting point from the question, how women Surrealists depict sexuality. Images of female erotic fantasies have been far less analyzed than the erotic fantasies of their male Surrealist colleagues. The essay puts forward the thesis that women Surrealists use flora and fauna symbols in juxtaposition with their own bodies to enable both freedom of imagination and sexual empowerment. Hybridity and metamorphosis are methods to self-define, within the realm of dreams. The essay analyzes selected paintings by the Scandinavian Surrealists Rita Kernn-Larsen and Elsa Thoresen and compare them to their international contemporaries. The cases of Kernn-Larsen and Thoresen both show how sexual fantasy is linked to female subjectivity, and how women artists found each their individual visualization of eroticism. Furthermore, the view that Surrealist women's use of nature symbols is primarily connected to a fertile, reproductive "Mother Earth" ideal is countered. Rather, women artists consciously invoke the complete range of roles and clichés surrounding the woman-nature link; they take these allegories and recreate them into their own versions, including images of savageness and shadiness, the "immoral" side of nature.

El trabajo de esta comunicación se encuadra dentro del trabajo de investigación etnobotánica desarrollado por sus autores en el Valle de Roncal (Navarra). A través de la propuesta aquí expuesta se pretenden interrelacionar dos ámbitos en la didáctica de lo cultural: el papel activo del legado patrimonial etnobotánico y su lectura desde una perspectiva educativa. Proponemos para ello una unidad didáctica extracurricular que permita la implementación del trabajo colaborativo multidisciplinar con alumnos (primaria y secundaria) en apoyo externo. El Valle de Roncal es una comarca pirenaica y periférica con un acusado éxodo rural. El taller quiere ser una apuesta por la introducción de la etnobotánica en la docencia desde la perspectiva de la educación patrimonial. En definitiva, busca la inclusión del ‘conocimiento tradicional’ sobre la flora del valle entendiendo el empleo del entorno natural como herramienta educativa de los jóvenes del lugar. Se pretende esbozar una dinámica que permita acercar y reflexionar a los alumnos acerca del papel que ha desempeñado y ejerce la flora en su cultura tradicional local.

We report the discovery of the Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Delile var. aegyptiaca in Qatar for the first time. According
to the national biodiversity reports and national and international literatures, there are no record for the species in
Qatar. Also, its presence has not been detected either by locals or experts in Qatar before, although the species
present in the Arabian Peninsula, Iran, and much of South Asia. We had discovered this species in Ar-Rayyan
municipality at a location near Salwa road, 25 km from Doha, 90 km to Qatar–KSA borders (25°11'38.9"N
51°22'32.3"E). However, our findings highlights the need of a comprehensive survey around all Qatar, in order to
document the presence of other plant species, and also to complete the catalogue of flora in Qatar.