Media and identity

Wayne Vucinic Book Prize 2007, "for the most important contribution to Russian, Eurasian, and East European studies in any discipline of the humanities or social sciences." 

Endorsement by Slavoj Zizek:

"Alexei Yurchak's Everything Was Forever, Until It Was No More immediately seduced me by its very title with a profound philosophical implication that eternity is a historical category--things can be eternal for some time. The same spirit of paradox runs through the entire book--it renders in wonderful details the gradual disintegration of the Soviet system from within its ideological and cultural space, making visible all the hypocrisy and misery of this process. I consider Yurchak's book by far the best work about the late epoch of the Soviet Union--it is not just history, but a pleasure to read, a true work of art." (Slavoj Zizek, author of In Defense of Lost Causes)

Abstract:

Soviet socialism was based on paradoxes that were revealed by the peculiar experience of its collapse. To the people who lived in that system the collapse seemed both completely unexpected and completely unsurprising. At the moment of collapse it suddenly became obvious that Soviet life had always seemed simultaneously eternal and stagnating, vigorous and ailing, bleak and full of promise. Although these characteristics may appear mutually exclusive, in fact they were mutually constitutive. This book explores the paradoxes of Soviet life during the period of "late socialism" (1960s-1980s) through the eyes of the last Soviet generation.

The unprecedented economic growth and immigration that Ireland experienced between 1995 and 2007 did not only challenge national but also ethnic, social, and gender identities. The contributions to this volume explore how films tackle these challenges and help to make sense of Ireland’s altered position in a globalised world. Among the films discussed are some of the most critically acclaimed Irish films of recent years, including Once (2006), Adam & Paul (2004), Garage (2007), and The Secret of Kells (2009), as well as the work of Oscar-winning director and writer Neil Jordan. The volume is completed by an extensive interview with award-winning director Lenny Abrahamson, and his collaborator, screenwriter and actor Mark O’Halloran.

The contributors to Media Crossroads examine space and place in media as they intersect with sexuality, race, ethnicity, age, class, and ability. Considering a wide range of film, television, video games, and other media, the authors show how spaces—from the large and fantastical to the intimate and virtual—are shaped by the social interactions and intersections staged within them. The highly teachable essays include analyses of media representations of urban life and gentrification, the ways video games allow users to adopt an experiential understanding of space, the intersection of the regulation of bodies and spaces, and how style and aesthetics can influence intersectional thinking. Whether interrogating the construction of Portland as a white utopia in Portlandia or the link between queerness and the spatial design and gaming mechanics in the Legend of Zelda video game series, the contributors deepen understanding of screen cultures in ways that redefine conversations around space studies in film and media.

Capítulo dedicado al analísis de la filmografía de Sorrentino desde el punto de vista de los protagonistas masculinos a través de sus crisis de identidad.

¿Qué tienen las películas de Paolo Sorrentino, que convocan siempre nuestra mirada más atenta y gozosa, y en cuyas imágenes presentimos formuladas nuestras más secretas obsesiones? ¿Qué tiene la película La gran belleza, su obra maestra, que arrebata sin remedio a tantos espectadores? ¿Cómo funciona su reconocible lenguaje fílmico, lleno de composiciones y encuadres desbordantes, músicas inesperadas que se vuelven necesarias y magnéticos colores que esconden múltiples significados? ¿Y qué enigmas sobre el tiempo y el deseo laten bajo sus filmes y conmocionan sus imágenes?

Raúl ÁlvarezJosé Ángel BarruecoCarla F. BenedictoShaila García-CatalánRussell J. A. KilbournIsrael ParedesAarón Rodríguez SerranoRicardo Sánchez RamosCarlos TejedaLorenzo J. Torres Hortelano

Portrait is a very sought out and popular genre of photography, and not only at the present time. This was the case even in the times of photographers that could be described as pioneers in portrait photography as such. Nadar, Disdéri, and others popularized this medium and predestined its dominant role in society when the celebrities of that time came to gather in their ateliers. Over time, an artist's approach towards photographed subjects has also changed. Besides physical traits, a photographer also tries to capture something "behind" all this. In this paper, we address not only an analysis of interpretation points of view during the process of portrayal or its social function, but also a clarification of what an identity in portrait photography means and how it is reflected. We also enter the context of media, where human identity adjusts itself to a universal model, the so-called beauty myth, is abused and presented in the form of artificial icons and sex symbols. On the basis of theoretical grounds and the content analysis of selected authors and their works of art related to the topic of identity in a portrait, we have created a series of self-portraits, which are aimed at analysing the identity of an individual in comparison to the identity of their closest family members.

This article is based on ethnographic work with two ‘‘crews’’ of young graffiti artists in southern Mexico
City. The crews share certain characteristics with gangs or urban tribes, but more with ‘‘communities of
practice’’: they live in the ‘‘figured world’’ of graffiti, a community of practice at the local and global level.
Through participation, including observation and the study of fanzines, group members learn the
language, technical and social skills, and values of this figured world. Their reasons to paint and the
topics they express are varied, but authentic expression is fundamental. Graffiti allows these young
people to establish an interesting interplay of identities in the world of graffiti versus their ordinary lives.

ABSTRACT The Hollywood film has become a force of cultural globalization and the image of women in popular Hollywood films may have an important impact on cultural ideas of gender, sexuality and the role of women in the public and private spheres. I examine the top box office films from the 1990s to the present and explore the characteristics women characters have in the film and look at the potential impact of that representation in the context of cultural globalization.

The Trojan Hose Affair scandal alleged that there was a hardline extremist Islamism plot to take over British state schools in Birmingham. While commu- nity groups and government officials battled to take control of the narrative, the pupils who were ultimately at the center of the scandal, were not con- sidered. This paper is based on research conducted in 2015, with students at one of the schools implicated in the Trojan Horse Affair. Through seven one-to-one interviews and a group discussion, the research finds that students portrayed their selves in a state of constant psychological reconciliation due to the heightened mediatization, racialization, and securitization of Islam and Muslims, during and after the Trojan Horse affair. This caused increased levels of anxiety in students, which peaked around the constant surveillance through the gaze of the media, teachers, and Ofsted inspectors, creating a double-edged Panopticon. The paper particularly underscores student concerns for potential social exclusion and discrimination they may experience as a result of the school affiliation.

This article examines how involvement in high school journalism contributes to socialization into citizenship and, most crucially, to the development of a collective sensibility. Recent work by W Lance Bennett (2008), Zukin and his colleagues (2006), and Sara-Ellen Amster (2006) provides an interpretive lens for considering young people’s experiences with journalism and with citizenship. Interviews with 45 high school journalists from 19 different schools are analyzed, highlighting emerging definitions of citizenship as reflected in how young people discuss their work as student journalists. The study suggests that participation in the culture of high school journalism can provide young people with opportunities to develop the skills and experiences necessary for civic engagement, including the experience of collective decision-making. This study also argues that some young people come to understand the costs of engaged citizenship after negative experiences with their school’s administration, as such experiences reveal differing understandings of the roles of authority, journalism, and collective responsibility within the high school community that its high school journalism is meant to serve.

NOTA: Este trabajó se publicó originalmente en inglés con el título “US Cult TV Series in the International Market: Considering the Reception of The X Files in Spain”, dentro del volumen editado por Marta Fernández Morales y José Igor Arranz Prieto, A Comparison of Popular TV in English and Spanish Speaking Societies: Soaps, Sci-Fi, Sitcoms, Adult Cartoons, and Cult Series (Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press, 2010; 107-135). La traducción al castellano es mía y cuenta con el permiso de la editorial.

In this essay, I will attempt to demonstrate how political violence, more specifically observed in the period of the First World War, acts as an identity-shaping experience in the series created by the BBC named Blackadder Goes Forth. It is the fourth and final season of the BBC sitcom Blackadder, written by Richard Curtis and Ben Elton, which aired in 1989 on BBC1. (Wikipedia) The series focuses on the everyday lives and experiences of the soldiers in the trenches; more specifically it is centered on the protagonist Captain Blackadder, Lieutenant George, and Private Baldrick who devise cunning plans in order to avoid the final push towards the enemy lines. Through the questionable leadership of General Melchett, the series criticizes the British Army's management during the campaign, culminating in the ending of its final episode, in which the soldiers are ordered to carry out a lethal charge towards enemy lines and ultimately charge to their demise.

Es una enorme satisfacción ver este libro en castellano, una oportunidad de reunir varios de mis textos publicados antes en la Argentina, Colombia, México y Venezuela, con otros que sólo habían aparecido en portugués, De esta manera, este volumen es un híbrido latinoamericano. Un híbrido que, como muchos otros, mantiene una coherencia interna, dado que seleccioné artículos que dialogan entre ellos y forman una totalidad argumentativa. También incluí un capítulo introductorio inédito, «Cosmopolíticas», que representa un esfuerzo de síntesis de mis visiones. El objetivo del libro es hacer aportes que fortalezcan una comprensión crítica del mundo globalizado. La noción de cosmopolítica abre el volumen porque es estratégica para situarnos en los escenarios cada vez más complejos de la contemporaneidad y para comprender por qué hablo de postimperialismo. Así, este libro no es simplemente una traducción de Cultura e Política no Mundo Contemporáneo. Paisagens e Passagens, publicado en 2000 por la Editorial de la Universidad de Brasilia, aunque haya sido la base a partir de la cual se elaboró. Agradezco a la EdunB la autorización para reproducir aquí los capítulos 3, 4, 5, 7 y 8 que forman parte de Cultura e Política no Mundo Contemporáneo. Además de ellos, en este volumen se encuentran los capítulos (2, 6 y 9) que sólo fueron publicados en castellano. El capítulo 4, «Tecnotopía versus tecnofobia. El malestar en el siglo XXI», también ya había salido en Avá Revista de Antropología 1 (abril de 2000, pp. 45-56),

Este artículo se centra en el análisis de las políticas de representación de la migración de origen latinoamericano en dos medios de comunicación “para minorías” producidos en España. Los medios de comunicación de minorías migrantes intervienen en un espacio público que no es sólo nacional, sino transnacional, de modo que el análisis del contenido de estos medios nos permite poner de manifiesto las dinámicas de poder existentes en el campo migratorio transnacional. Nuestro análisis pone así de relieve cómo las luchas de poder imperantes en este campo hacen que se privilegien y se exacerben determinados significados al tiempo que se invisibilizan otros.

This project explores contemporary representations of black boys and young men in UK national media. It focuses particularly upon measuring the extent of negative stereotyping of these groups in news narratives across mainstream print and broadcast news, current affairs and factual programmes as well as in BME news media. It explores, in depth, the patterns and key characteristics of this coverage across these media forms. While systematic media analyses provide a robust evidential base for understanding the manner and extent to which young black men and boys are portrayed in the news media, a production study involving interviews with journalists also contributes to a better understanding of how and why those portrayals are constructed.

In 2002, when Lynn Schofield Clark began the research that led to her new book on raising children in a dot.com world, the media landscape was a simpler place. Facebook had yet to debut; Twitter was a just a word that described the chatter of birds; and "sexting" was widely regarded as a typographical error.

This essay studies the covert, market driven forces at work in our choices of images for the avatars inhabiting cyberspace, in order to understand the dangers of the exchange of self-images for advertisements. To forge a set of alternative resistant and forceful conditions for imaging what SherryTurkle has termed "the second self," tactics based in imaging, language, and psychology can be opposed to the insidious and covert co-optation of the self by commodities. This essay is an attempt to examine the construction of alternative figures as models of resistance. The Manifesto for Avatars offers a formal set of oppositional strategies for constructing unconsumable self-images. The apparent freedom of identity and gender enjoyed by the participants in multi-user domains and the Internet in general (Langley, Stone) is a dangerous illusion, masking the corporate agendas dominating the nature and spirit of the construction of cyberspace and avatars. Imagine an internet chat room wherew e are all represented by the commodity of our choice. Much like the large, recognizable logos that corporeal jackets, sneakers, tee-shirts, and hats model, in this virtual environment our veryr epresentation, our self image, becomes an emblem of the production and accumulation of goods. The irony in the physical world is that we choose to wear these commodities and we willingly pay multi-national corporations for the privilege of advertising their products. Through this transaction we express personal fantasies, achieve a fleeting sense of democracy and individual expression, and fulfill various levels of desire.

RESUMO Este artigo apresenta o resultado de uma pesquisa, realizada no mês de maio de 2020, com um grupo de pedagogos que atuam na Educação Infantil ou nos Anos Iniciais da rede pública de ensino de Santa Catarina. Em tempos de pandemia, muitos desafios estão sendo postos ao sistema educacional e, em especial, aos professores. Nesse sentido, o objetivo da pesquisa foi conhecer quais as percepções que estes profissionais têm sobre a prática pedagógica que estão desenvolvendo via ensino remoto e on-line, bem como os desafios encontrados. Foi reali-zada uma investigação qualitativa por meio de apli-cação de questionário e realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas. O resultado evidenciou o quanto esse momento está sendo difícil, denotando que não houve tempo para o diálogo e para planejar as estratégias adotadas de acordo com as peculiarida-des destas duas importantes etapas educacionais. Além disso, a pesquisa nos mostrou a importância de a formação inicial do Pedagogo dar maior ênfase ao letramento midiático e ao uso das tecnologias digitais no cotidiano pedagógico.

Intractable conflicts, such as the Israeli-Palestinian one, are characterised by a culture of conflict, which self-perpetuates by creating an environment where denial of the other through the us/them distinction becomes existential to the self.  Negative stereotypes, appearing in children as young as 4, are one means of constructing and sustaining these group boundaries.  Given the young age at which stereotypes set in, it is crucial that we intervene early to debunk them.  Peace communication interventions (PCI) are one way to change perceptions of the other, rehumanising him, before these stereotypes are anchored.  By mediating contact between members of the ingroup and outgroup, they can alleviate group anxiety and promote direct contact.  In the first part of this paper, I examine the nexus between conflict and identity, discussing the ‘how’ and the ‘why’ behind mediated contact PCIs.  Having established the added benefit of a PC approach to conflict resolution, I critically analyse the Israeli-Palestinian production of Sesame Street (Rechov Sumsum/Shara’a Simsim) as an example of a mediated contact intervention, using practical and theoretical frameworks to expose what works and potential areas to enhance effectiveness.

The term graffiti originally defined the ancient inscriptions found on the ruins of Pompeii, being the plural form of the Italian graffito meaning "scratch". In its modern sense, the term is applied to drawings on walls and other urban elements, created in a public space without authorization, with spray cans or different types of paint, centered on a text, an image or a combination of both.

This session will introduce the aims of the module, and lay out the key concepts and theories that will be discussed throughout the semester. Students will have an overview of the weekly sessions, the expectations regarding participation, and independent study and assessments.

The following paper explores the way transparency is used and applied, on a performative and symbolic level, as (1) a device for managing the establishment of sociocultural norms and values and (2) an expedient for understanding the boundaries between oneself and the other. A focus is given to the digital online and offline spaces, seen as places of visibility, circulation of information flows and open-data exchange. Drawing on cultural studies, semiotics and information studies, this interdisciplinary project aims to uncover values, rationales and theories behind the use and non-use of authenticity, truth and personality, in social decision-making and public participation. It will be taken account of the possible responsibilities connected to being transparent and visible, and it will be considered the social expectation for a perfect state, which a term like transparency is charged with, while trying to understand if a politics of total transparency is in opposition with democracy.

This report is the work of a group of six young Egyptian researchers. Based on semi structured interviews and focus groups it explores the notions of identity held by contemporary young Egyptians, „offline‟ and „online‟. It sets out to unravel some of the „distortions‟ and „confusions‟ they are subject to. It was conducted through a period of two years from 2008 till 2010.

The research and its design arose from a problem the researchers observed within the contemporary Egyptian context, and that is the struggle between the forces of tradition and Modernity that the Contemporary Egyptian society faces. This has led to „distortions‟ and „confusions‟ about what manifests contemporary Egyptian identity. This problem is particularly apparent among young people in Egypt. On the one side, a large number of young Egyptians today feel comfortable adopting „Western‟ lifestyles while on the other side, there are those, who categorically reject these „Western‟ lifestyles in favor of more „traditional‟ ones. And yet others, in fact a large number of young people, adopt both lifestyles, though often in what can be seen as contradictory and inconsistent ways.

Research concerning computer hackers generally focuses on how to stop them; far less attention is given to the texts they create. Phrack, an online hacker journal that has run almost continuously since 1985, is an important touchstone in hacker literature, widely read by both hackers and telephone and network security professionals. But beyond its instantiation as a compendium of illicit technical knowledge, Phrack was, above all, a rhetorical publication. The files in each issue of Phrack created a shared rhetorical vision concerning the place of the hacker underground within society and in relation to law enforcement officials, as well as what it means to be a hacker. This essay examines two important events in the evolution of the hacker movement through the lens of Phrack—Operation Sundevil and the arrest of Kevin Mitnick. How these events were framed in Phrack both shaped and reflected emerging shifts in hacker collective identity.

When Wendi Deng (邓文迪 ), from China magically fell into the pan-national world of international business and married the media billionaire Rupert Murdoch, (who had abandoned Australia for the same stateless realm of five star hotels), at once we recognized that age old story of the gold digger and the sugar daddy. Perhaps though our belief in a simple storyline was, if not wrong, at least incomplete. Origins matter after all. As a teacher to young women in Zhengzhou, central China for three years recently, I could sense the conflicting currents of duty, ambition and the hope for love that tossed them about in relationships. The mix for each modern girl was individual, and Deng herself is a product of those choices. It is surely no accident then that Wendi Deng and another high profile Chinese-American transplant, Florence Sloan, were co-producers of Snow Flower and the Secret Fan, a film which deals directly, though often through a veil of tears, with just these dilemmas.

Researchers across disciplines have been studying the psychology of fans for decades. Seeking to better understand fan behavior and the various factors motivating fans, researchers have studied dozens of variables in hundreds of studies of different fan groups. To date, however, there have been relatively few attempts to integrate this sizable body of work, pulling together findings across from the field to with a broader, more holistic perspective. This book does exactly that, identifying and concisely summarizing research on 28 separate lines of inquiry on the psychology of fans and integrating it all into an empirically-validated model known as the CAPE model. Useful as a textbook for a fandom studies course and as a handbook for fan researchers, this book is essential reading for anyone looking to better understand the state of fan psychology and wanting to conduct their own research exploring the ins and outs of fans of all sorts!

The article discusses how the popularization of Japanese popular culture in the U.S. has led many American fans to question the extent to which their identities are constructed through the consumption of foreign cultural materials that are increasingly being "Americanized." It also refers to the increase in U.S. sales of Japanese anime and comics that coincides with the heightened global exchange and interest in Japan's contemporary popular culture.

Considerable scholarly discussion has been given to the idea that we are moving toward a state of “posthumanism.” This essay examines some possible implications of a posthuman existence, specifically as it relates to that most basic of human needs—sexuality. I explore the spiritual aspects of sexuality to see what is lost and what is gained in technologically mediated forms of sexuality. To that end, I consider the interplay between sexual behavior and our conceptions of the sacred, how technologies are changing our views of—and realities concerning—our bodies, and the potential for a sacred posthuman sexuality.

""Сборник учебных курсов представляет собой результат трехлетней работы регионального семинара «Социальная идентичность в трансформирующемся обществе» – серии летних и зимних школ для преподавателей вузов России и стран СНГ, организованных и проведенных в Новосибирске в период с 2005 по 2008 г. г. В сборник включены программы учебных курсов, разработанных молодыми преподавателями – участниками проекта.
Часть представленных в сборнике курсов в качестве основного фокуса имеет категории идентичности, субъективности, репрезентации – ключевые категории, обсуждаемые в рамках Проекта. В других курсах идентичность рассматривается либо в качестве одной из важных тематических областей в рамках базовых и специальных дисциплин, либо как концептуальный инструмент, продуктивный для понимания более общих вопросов и проблем в современных социальных науках.
Сборник предназначен для преподавателей, имеющих профессиональные интересы, связанные с проблематикой идентичности, субъективности, репрезентации, а также методологией и методикой исследований идентичности.""

The article is a brief insight into the movie 'Oleg' by the Lithuanian director Juris Kursietis presented at the 2019 online edition of the GoEast Film Festival.  The film's main character is an ethnic Russian butcher living
in Riga (Valentin Novopolskij), with a non-citizen passport, going to Belgium to work in a meat factory. He will eventually face several obstacles and difficulties in terms of professional and cultural integration ending up coming close to criminality.

Bu kitabın her hakkı saklıdır ve tüm yayın hakları "İTÜ Rektörlüğü'ne" aittir. Bu kitabın tamamı ya da herhangi bir bölümü yayınevinin izni olmaksızın yayınlanamaz, basılamaz, mikrofilme çekilemez, dolaylı dahi olsa kullanılamaz. TEKSİR, FOTOKOPİ veya başka teknikle çoğaltılamaz, bilgisayarda, dizgi makinalarında işlenebilecek bir ortama aktarılamaz. Kitapta yayınlanan tüm yazı ve görsellerin sorumluluğu yazar/yazarlara aittir.

This article reviews the complex relationship between religion and film-viewing among the Moroccan diaspora in Antwerp (Belgium), an ethnically and linguistically diverse group that is largely Muslim. A media ethnographic study of film culture, including in-depth interviews, a group interview and elaborate fieldwork, indicates that film preferences and consumption vary greatly along socio-demographic and linguistic lines. One particular religious film, however, holds a cult status, Ar Risalah (The Message), a 1976 historical epic produced by Mustapha Akkad that deals with the life of the Prophet Muhammad. The film’s local distribution is discussed, as well as its reception among the Moroccan diaspora. By identifying three positions towards Islam, different modes of reception were found, ranging from a distant and objective to a transparent and subjective mode. It was found that the film supports inter-generational religious instruction, in the context of families and mosques. Moreover, a specific inspirational message is drawn from the film by those who are in search of a well-defined space for Islam in their own lives.

Twenty-First century is witnessing ultimate advancements in the field of communication systems. Ultra modern technologies have introduced numerous modes of communications and it has effectively left the mankind fully dependent on it. Present day life is hard to imagine without the electronic gadgets like mobile phones, satellite or cable TVs, VR & AV capturing devices, CCTVs, etc. These devices have become the part of our daily activities; our life style and we are used to communicate with it. Media’s participation in social communication is as old as its origin but initially it was more for the purpose of dissemination information. Being a medium of communication like language media has matured in as social media and it has also started playing a vital role as of a language. We are no more relying only on spoken words, hand written letters, physical emotional gestures, and sensations through touch or so. Moreover the modern and sophisticated electronic gadgets are redefining our perception and reliability about the understanding of communication and production of meaning without sensory organs and direct stimulations. Artificial sensory simulations are replacing basic emotional behaviour involved in an individual and personalised physical communications. Thus it is creating a scope of multilayered communicative skills affecting the environment of media and society

In un tempo in cui la divisione sociale del lavoro muta a ritmo inaudito e in cui tutti i valori tradizionali sono dis-integrati dal potente moto acceleratorio della tecnologia, l’identità individuale subisce attacchi sempre più profondi e radicali.
Ci si chiede – a volte – se in un mondo che cambia così velocemente, abbia ancora senso costruirsi una identità – e quindi necessariamente riconoscersi in una storia sociale, politica, filosofica – quando le vere identità sono sempre più trattate dai poteri dominanti come un ostacolo e un fardello in un sistema-mondo che richiede la massima disponibilità del corpo e la minima rivendicazione identitaria.

Generalmente, quando si indica il cielo, si alzano gli occhi verso l’alto e si guarda in direzione verticale, nella sua infinita altezza; d’altro canto spesso non si nota come il cielo compaia anche all’orizzonte, di fronte ai nostri occhi. È estremamente interessante interpretare la cultura progettuale attraverso proprio queste diverse visioni del cielo e in particolare leggere le espressioni architettoniche orientali così aliene ai nostri stilemi occidentali: la millenaria cultura cinese riproietta nelle città i segni dei Mandala, rappresentazioni geomantiche che nascono dalla visione del cielo lungo la verticale; l’architettura giapponese esprime invece la sua concezione dello spazio guardando proprio lungo la direzione orizzontale, in un rapporto concreto con il mondo osservato.
La cultura nipponica presenta quindi una sua particolarità che può risultare, nella sua diversità, estremamente ricca di spunti. C’è una parola chiave, Ma, che racconta di un diverso modo di leggere l’architettura e il paesaggio. L’ideogramma che raffigura tale concetto è composto dai due segni raffiguranti la porta e all’interno la luna: la concezione dello spazio in Giappone è quel determinato momento in cui la luna può essere vista da dentro uno shogi, la porta-finestra delle case giapponesi. L’estetica del Ma, parola traducibile forse con l’ambiguo termine “intervallo”, indica quindi sì una porzione di spazio, quello frontale racchiuso nella porta, ma anche una porzione di tempo, quello in cui appare la luna. Il progetto diventa espressione del rapporto tra uomo e natura, con lo spazio e il tempo che sono legati poi alla vitalità dell’azione e non sono mai rarefatti in forme eteree. I risultati architettonici raggiunti da questa cultura, la ricerca che si cela in questa diversa visione del mondo e della natura diventano poi espressione della sacralizzazione dello spazio attraverso il progetto del tempo.Sono emblematici gli esempi di Ise e la sua rituale ricostruzione, o il Toori, la porta sacra, dell’isola di Miyagima che subisce le variazioni della marea. La ricerca del Ma è poi rintracciabile nell’estetica contemporanea nipponica che, pur subendo il fascino e gli influssi del mondo occidentale, si ritrova comunque legata alla sua tradizione ed esprime, con nuove forme, ricerche progettuali antiche, come mostrano i progetti di Toyo Ito così legati alle forme naturali e al contempo così slegati dal contesto, o le architetture eteree e sconvolgenti dei Sanaa che definiscono nuovi Ma.

"Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit den Bedeutungen und Verwendungen der kroatischen Sprache bei burgenländischen Kroatinnen, deren primäre Alltagssprache deutsch ist.
[...]
In dieser Abhandlung möchte ich danach fragen, welche Rolle die kroatische Sprache bei deutschsprachigen burgenländischen Kroatinnen einnimmt und wie sie diese bedeuten und verwenden.
Um einen möglichst umfassenden Blick auf die Lebenswelt der befragten Burgenlandkroatinnen zu schaffen, möchte ich auch das deutschburgenländisch geprägte Umfeld als soziale Wertelandschaft behandeln. Davon erhoffe ich mir einerseits Einflüsse in den Deutungsstrategien aufzudecken und andererseits einen ganzheitlicheren Überblick über die Gesellschaft im Südburgenland zu erhalten.
[...]
Gleichzeitig ist es mein Ziel, den Lesenden eine Übersicht über die vorliegende Thematik zu geben, um die Problematiken im Feld verständlich, transparent und nachvollziehbar zu machen, wenngleich darauf zu achten ist, dass die Recherchen und Erhebungen zu dieser Arbeit als nicht vollständig aufgrund von Einschränkungen im zeitlichen wie ressourcentechnischen Rahmen zu betrachten sind." (ebd.: 4)