Narratology

Dans ce chapitre d'ouvrage, je donne un aperçu de la manière dont la narratologie et la théorie de la littérature ont intégré les concepts de la raison néolibérale (1980 - aujourd'hui). En particulier, j'analyse deux mouvances principales : 1) L'influence des sciences cognitives et le succès de la narratologie « naturelle ». 2) La diffusion de l'éthique aristotélicienne et l'adoption d'une approche populiste.

The Slovak realist writer Ján Čajak (1863–1944), who lived in Vojvodina in Serbia from 1893, emphasised the educational function of literature in much of his work. The prose The Storm (1931), from his later period, updates simple genre forms such as the cassus and the exemplum. The present motif of work in the vineyard has a double function: religious encoding of the event and literary representation of the work. The text is
initially conceived as an account of an event (a detailed description of a violent storm to a tornado, environmental imagery), but focusing on the theme of inner ethical conflict becomes a morality (a poetics of morality). Through the relationship between the specific and the general, J. Čajak reacted to the contemporary processes of modernisation and the weakening of religion in the modern world.

This translation is edited by Malaysian student Ooi Goay Hwa (Vīrā) as her Dhammadāna and Paññādāna under the Aggācāra Dhamma Project.
The comemntaries are
1-2. Avijjāsuttādivaṇṇanā
3. Sāriputtasuttavaṇṇanā
4. Jāṇussoṇibrāhmaṇasuttavaṇṇanā

Certes, la Bible fait de Dieu l'acteur uniformément présent ; Certes elle parle de la relation de Dieu avec le Peuple d'Israël et avec chacun en Israël ; certes, elle déploie un feu d'artifice de pensées saisissantes, de conseils, de points de vue, de récits complaisants, même s’ils étaient déjà orientés plusieurs fois peut-être, ou si la rédaction finale les a réorientés. Mais il ne faut pas longtemps pour s'apercevoir que ces effets passent à travers le prisme de la politique, pour peu justement qu'on lise un de ces livres en entier, une séquence littérairement organisée en son entier, un épisode qui boucle en son entier. Jacques Cazeaux.

Sorti sur les écrans japonais en 1977, La Proie et l’ombre de Katô Tai adapte le fameux roman éponyme d’Edogawa Ranpo. S’il s’inscrit dans la mode alors populaire du « film de détective », il s’appuie sur l’opposition énoncée par Ranpo entre récits « orthodoxe » et « hétérodoxe » pour questionner les liens entre l’iconique et le textuel. En effet, la machination qu’Oyamada Shizuko, romancière « hétérodoxe » sous le pseudonyme d’Ôe Shundei, y ourdit pour tuer son mari et se débarrasser de son concurrent « orthodoxe », Samukawa Kôichirô, repose justement sur l’opposition entre l’image, censément porteuse d’illusion, et le texte, vecteur par excellence du raisonnement logique. Mais Katô souligne la relativité de ce partage en disposant plusieurs affiches (ici décrites comme « précipités texte/image ») aux moments-clés du film.

Released in Japan in 1977, Katō Tai's Beast in the Shadows adapts Edogawa Ranpo's famous novel of the same name. In keeping with the then-popular fashion for "detective films", it draws on Ranpo's opposition between "orthodox" and "heterodox" narratives to question the links between the iconic and the textual. Indeed, the plot that Oyamada Shizuko, a "heterodox" novelist under the pseudonym Ōe Shundei, hatches to kill her husband and get rid of her "orthodox" competitor, Samukawa Kōichirō, rests precisely on the opposition between the image, supposedly the bearer of illusion, and the text, the vector par excellence of logical reasoning. But Katō underlines the relativity of this division by arranging several posters (here described as "text/image precipitates") at key moments in the film.

recensione di Daniele Monarca su ArtsLife, gennaio 2025
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Un approccio “concettuale, ma al contempo non allineato” muove anche le pagine del nuovo libro di Mieke Bal dedicato alla scultrice franco-americana Louise Bourgeois edito sempre da Postmedia Books in queste settimane: “Beyond the Habitual. Louise Bourgeois as Builder, Narrator, Theorist – Oltre L’abituale. Louise Bourgeois come costruttrice, narratrice, teorica”. Il volume ha il doppio merito di aggiungere un titolo alla bibliografia italiana di Bal e di offrire al lettore la possibilità di un approccio all’opera di Bourgeois che va, come del resto promette il titolo del libro, “oltre l’abituale” modello interpretativo.

W książce "Autentyczność i jej losy w polskiej prozie współczesnej. Autorefleksja w twórczości Marka Bieńczyka, Doroty Masłowskiej, Andrzeja Stasiuka i Magdaleny Tulli" Piotr Jakub Wąsowski bada twórczość prozatorską współczesnych polskich pisarzy w kontekście hipotezy o istnieniu epoki bądź też kultury autentyczności. Na ten temat nie powstała w Polsce wcześniej szerzej zakrojona praca. Analizie poddano cztery powieści współczesnych polskich pisarzy ("Tworki" Marka Bieńczyka, "Wojna polsko-ruska pod flagą biało-czerwoną" Doroty Masłowskiej, "Jadąc do Babadag" Andrzeja Stasiuka i "Sny i kamienie" Magdaleny Tulli). Autor postawił sobie za cel udzielenie odpowiedzi, jak wygląda w wymienionych utworach reprezentacja relacji między jednostką a sferą publiczną a także, czy autentyczność pozostaje żywotnym i aktualnym ideałem czy też jest poddawany krytyce bądź zakwestionowaniu.

Autor omówił historię pojęcia autentyczności, kładąc szczególny nacisk na twórczość Jana Jakuba Rousseau. Elementem rozważań jest enumeracja cech autentyczności we współczesnej kulturze a także zjawisk i mechanizmów, które na nią oddziałują. Autor łączy analizę przejawów kultury autentyczności w szczególności z pojęciem podmiotu sylleptycznego i post-pamięci. Autor śledzi i analizuje toposy charakterystyczne dla autentyczności, takie jak: ucieczka od nieautentyczności do świata przednowoczesnego, ścisłe rozgraniczenie między obcymi, społecznymi a jednostkowymi elementami życia duchowego.

W rozprawie zbadano postać i zakres wpływu kultury autentyczności na współczesną literaturę polską. Rozprawa ujawniła, że w kulturze, w której jednostki pochłonięte są swoją osobowością i jej odkrywaniem, rośnie rola, m.in., retrospekcji i nostalgii (1), krytyki sprzeczności między działaniem w wymiarze prywatnym i w sferze publicznym (2), braku dystansu autora wobec dzieła (3) i traumy (4). Autor rozprawy bada wskazane zagadnienia w twórczości Andrzeja Stasiuka (1), Doroty Masłowskiej (2), Magdaleny Tulli (3) i Marka Bieńczyka (4).

In his The Kite Runner (2003), Khaled Hosseini uses storytelling for at least two purposes: to show how the first-person narrator yearns to alleviate or at least control the profoundly destructive impact of a single past experience on his adult mind and to show how, through such a recollection and reconstruction process, the narrator feels satisfied with his atonement by the end of his narration. Storytelling helps Hosseini’s narrator to reconfigure his unfavourable experiences, which act both as the central concern of the narrative plot and as a shared quality weaving the central characters together. Cognitive narratologists, such as Monika Fludernik and David Herman, consider representation of experience an important basic element of narrativity or the qualities that make a narrative accepted as narrative. By focusing on his personal and human-like experiences, the protagonist Amir’s storytelling not only functions as a significant tool to alleviate his intense suffering, but also...

Scheherazade’s art of storytelling is the main vehicle for the fictional worldmaking in The Thousand and One Nights. The overall structure of the folktale narrative depends on the tales she recounts to King Shahriyar, and it is through these tales that she finally is able to change his mind. The richness of the narrative qualities, properties, and techniques in The Thousand and One Nights has attracted narrative scholars and narratologists for a long time. Besides applying the frame narrative as a basic narrative technique for storytelling practices, Scheherazade’s tales include many other narrative aspects, including narrativity-affecting features. Narrativity generally refers to the qualities and features that cause a narrative to be accepted or evaluated as a (prototype) narrative. This paper argues that Scheherazade’s first tale for the king Shahryar, “The Tale of the Merchant and the Ifrit,” includes some narrativity-affecting features which have the potential to inspire its na...

The article examines the evolution of the concept of “storytelling” in the context of the social history of media, showing how storytelling has changed from oral forms to contemporary digital forms and so called storyselling. The author undertakes a metatheoretical review of key concepts related to storytelling, examining both traditional narrative forms such as gossip and skaz, as well as modern concepts of “storyselling” and Olga Tokarczuk’s “tender narrator.” The paper focuses on the role of narrative in shaping political and media discourse, pointing to semantic changes that affect the contemporary way of understanding and presenting reality. The article emphasizes that storytelling is not only an integral element of culture, but also plays a key role in the processes of social communication, especially in the context of the convergence of media and digital narrative tools. In addition, the study explores how the rise of digital platforms has reshaped the dynamics of storytelling, allowing for new forms of interaction between creators and audiences. The author argues that the current media environment, through its fragmented and participatory nature, challenges traditional narrative structures, fostering more collaborative and decentralized forms of storytelling. Ultimately, the article suggests that understanding the evolution of storytelling is crucial for analyzing contemporary cultural phenomena and their impact on public discourse.

Il presente saggio si propone di analizzare un’opera centrale nella produzione di Vincenzo Consolo, la ‘favola teatrale’ Lunaria (1985), attraverso i suoi punti di somiglianza e difformità con L’esequie della luna (1967) di Lucio Piccolo, di cui costituisce la riscrittura. Questo caso di studio appare interessante non solo per l’antichità e la pervasività del topos letterario della luna caduta in terra ma anche per la natura ‘palinsestica’ o addirittura ‘palincestuosa’ della stessa scrittura di Consolo. In queste pagine, pertanto, si tenterà di analizzare Lunariasotto tre aspetti specifici: in quanto mise en abyme di riscritture, in quanto opera quasi teatrale e, infine, in quanto cunto della melancolia. Tali aspetti appaiono variamente connessi a un’idea di relazione dialogica, se non proprio dialettica, tra il testo di partenza e quello di arrivo.

In the United States, alcohol use and dependence is a major health issue affecting 4-5% of the population (Hasin et al., 2007). Research indicates adolescents ages 12-20 drink 11% of all alcohol consumed nationally, with more than 90% consumed in the form of binge drinking (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010). Similar to the human condition, adolescent rodents generally consume more ethanol than their adult counterparts. Current rat animal model studies on alcoholism remain weighted toward examining Family History Positive (FHP), selectively bred, alcohol-preferring lines. Also, research has generally been focused on ethanol consumption behavior of male rodents. However, female rodents tend to consume more alcohol than male rodents (e.g., Adams et al., 1991). In addition, existing research on adolescent vs. adult alcohol abuse using “FHP” rats is not paralleled by research with “Family History Negative” (FHN) rats, which might reveal factors that prevent/protect an indi...

This edited volume offers the first comprehensive study of prolepsis in narratives written in ancient Greek, ranging from Homer to the late antique author Colluthus, with the inclusion of Second Temple Jewish Literature. Structuralist narratology defines prolepsis as the narration in advance of an event that takes place later in the story. The papers collected in this volume start from this approach, but move beyond it by exploring a wide range of new definitions, forms and readerly effects of prolepsis. Several contributions draw on postclassical narratological approaches and focus on cognitive aspects of reading, narrative virtuality, and readerly (un)certainty that stems from prolepses.

Schomber, S., & Tagliabue, A. (eds.), Prolepsis in Ancient Greek Narrative, Leiden: Brill, 2025.

Che cos’è la coralità narrativa? Come può il genere narrativo integrare in sé qualcosa che per statuto non sembra appartenergli, e cioè un coro, ‘un insieme di voci che cantano contemporaneamente’? Il saggio cerca di rispondere a queste domande a partire dal problema narratologico della voce, formulando una grammatica che si muove tra due ‘poli’: il coro monodico e il coro polifonico. Alla prima categoria appartengono testi come «I Malavoglia» di Verga, mentre alla seconda testi come «The Waves» di Woolf, due esempi che offrono due modelli agli antipodi di ciò che comunemente chiamiamo ‘romanzo corale’: da una parte un’unica voce che si fa espressione di un punto di vista collettivo, dall’altra più voci che finiscono per confondersi in una. Da una parte la folla anonima, dall’altra le voci che diventano indistinte. Da una parte il parlato della comunità fabulante, dall’altra la musica lirica dei soliloqui.

In this paper the authors propose Roland Barthes's analytical method, which appears in his classic work S/Z (1974), as a new way of analyzing personal stories. The five codes that are described in the book are linked to the domains of poetics, language, and culture, and expose facets that are embedded in the deep structure of narratives. These codes are helpful in revealing findings with regard to the development of the professional careers of teacher educators.

The present article explores a specific and broad folklore genre, the legend, and its narrative structure given that it is more or less considered as fact. The verisimilitude of the legend is commented through the narratological analysis of the use of the frequently defined temporal and spatial dimensions, its austere, non-literary, informative form, the presence of witnesses that influence the sequence, as well as the narratological use of the so-called reality factors. In this context, the article focuses on the use of a vision or a dream that is commonly believed to be true, in order to give credibility to the narrative. The article’s main goal is to answer whether a legend constructed on such reality factors is an orally produced and diffused story similar to fables and tales, or if it is a documented result of the narrativization of the folk beliefs transmitted from generation to generation through lived experience and practice.

This chapter examines how narrative schemata underpin the processes of memory-making, exploring their role in transforming past events into meaningful and transmittable stories. Building on Ann Rigney’s concept of “scarcity” in memory and Vladimir Propp’s narrative templates, the analysis integrates Algirdas Julien Greimas’s actantial model to demonstrate how narrativity organizes diverse discourses. Historical, fictional, and media narratives rely on similar semiotic structures, yet their interpretive frameworks vary across domains. Using examples such as Ann Rigney’s exploration of historiography and Eugene Delacroix’s La Liberté guidant le peuple, the chapter illustrates how stories evolve into cultural models, shaping collective memory. The discussion extends to media representations, such as Le Monde’s coverage of the Charlie Hebdo attacks, which employed iconic visual and narrative templates to embed events in collective memory. By bridging narratology, cognitive studies, and cultural memory, this chapter underscores narrativity as a foundational tool for study of memory.

Myths are regarded as tales or traditions that seek to explain the place of man in the universe, the nature of human society, the relationship between the individual and the world that he perceives, and the meaning of several occurrences in nature. The most acclaimed myth critic of the last century, Northrop Frye naturally assigns an important place to myths when he observes that myth is and always has been an integral element of literature, the interest of poets in myth and mythology having been remarkable and constant since Homer’s time. Frye’s notion of myth, fiction and displacement helps us probe closely the structural principles of a narrative. Against this backdrop Mamang Dai’s The Legends of Pensam from the Northeast region of India can be read as a text offering a delightful blend of myth, folk tale, history and oral tradition of the tribe of Adis of Siang valley that spans Arunachal Pradesh and Tibet. The present study seeks to examine the paradigms of displacement in this collection of stories through a subtle weaving of myth and fiction. It also proposes to explore the theoretical connotations of these terms in Dai’s work to locate their significance and relevance in the present context.

Narrative analysis in Fiction and Film has attracted narratologists' research interest since the last part of the twentieth century. It has focused on the renderability of narrative in these two different media and established features of similarity and difference for the rendition of the same narrative. From that perspective, this paper aims to compare the degree of demand for inference in narrative processing between fiction narrative and film narrative. The analysis of an excerpt from Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice is compared to its equivalent film part and demonstrates that the film narrative requires more inferential processes on the part of the viewer, compared to the reader whose interpretive task is facilitated by the narrator's descriptions, reports and any other techniques.

From Northrop Frye's perspective, which views the Hebrew Bible as the foundational imagination behind the literary ideologies that shaped Western thought, this discussion aims to highlight some points of convergence between biblical literature and the narrative structure found in contemporary cinema, one of the most sophisticated storytelling mediums today. The theoretical framework for this exploration draws on the works of scholars such as Robert Alter, Daniel Marguerat and Yvan Bourquin, Gary Yamasaki, and David Bordwell, among others. As Adele Berlin points out, the narratives of the Hebrew Bible convey their message through both the form and content of the text. Building on this idea, the focus here is to demonstrate that beyond thematic parallels, the narrative structure of the Bible aligns methodologically with the storytelling techniques of modern cinema.

This paper definitely attempts to intermingle them with regard to structural analysis. It adopted the theory of Gerard Genette,  the analysis of the famous novel  Great Expectations  by Charles Dickens, the main discussion concerns order and duration whereas frequency is ruled out. Consequently, order can be presented by two different narrative techniques; through the profound analysis of analepsis and prolepsis to show the chronological and anachronological order of the novel. A further analysis of the novel also includes the alternation of the four narrative movements of duration which are divided into techniques of deceleration; descriptive pause and scene whereas techniques of accelerations; ellipsis and summary. The diagrams and tables of the study aim to reach semi-statistical deduction for the chronological techniques of anachronism and its effect on the structure of the narrative time of the novel as whole, which gives a general idea about the system of the time in novel.

This paper principly attempts to intermingle between Histoire (fabula) and Recit(Syauzet) with relevance structural analysis of prolepsis to indicate chronological and anachcronological order of the novel which through just one narrative techanique with Gerard Genette's theory of narratology during which the order of time is applied, within which a prolepsis was chosen in an English novel to understand the importance of utilization by the author and what influence appears within the narration and also the impact that appears of flashforward usage and the way we understand the places, cause and time beyond the demonstrtion and illustration of advance mentions or anticipation tools, all of this by choosing some examples and explaining each variety of them also as counting the majority examples within the novel so as to comprehend the hidden kind of the author and also the incitement and impulsive behind their presence and existance in the novel