Office Management

A área de prestação de serviços se diferencia em muitas formas do ambiente fabril, porém,
métodos e ferramentas aplicados em manufaturas, também podem ser adaptados para
escritórios, trazendo muitos benefícios. Como o ramo dos seguros vem crescendo no Brasil, a
necessidade de se diferenciar no mercado e possuir um modelo de gestão padronizado é muito
importante. Foi definido como objetivo deste trabalho aplicar o lean manufacturing, filosofia
de melhoria aplicada em manufaturas, em uma corretora de seguros, essa filosofia, para a área
de prestação de serviços, é chamada de lean office. Através deste método e de suas
ferramentas, como o 5S e o PDCA, foi possível o diagnóstico dos processos, encontrar
gargalos e solucionar problemas, aliando isto com um ambiente de trabalho mais limpo,
organizado, estruturado, com a compreensão de todos os colaboradores.
Palavras-chave: Corretora de seguros; Lean Office; Prestação de serviços.

Perché gli “ecosistemi tribali” dei coworking sono così attraenti rispetto ai modelli tradizionali del vivere lavorativo? Forse perché offrono potenziali dinamismi impliciti alle reti di collaborazione multidisciplinari delle antiche piazze-mercato, quali vere e proprie fucine di innovazione sociale?

L’interazione acustica, cioè la chiacchierata estemporanea con persone con background diversi e specializzati in discipline altrettanto diverse è certamente uno dei fattori in grado di generare un volano relazionale e una conseguente crescita conoscitiva a una velocità difficilmente raggiungibile in una dimensione individuale. In essi si origina una sorta di naturale ecosistema dinamico in grado di generare spontanee reti di collaborazioni orizzontali tra gruppi professionali spesso totalmente disomogenei.
Oggi, i coworking “globali” sono infatti popolati da persone che fanno ogni sorta di attività: liberi professionisti, creativi, avvocati, imprenditori, commercialisti, programmatori ecc. Peraltro in ognuno di essi, così come negli antichi mercati, si genera un equilibrio competitivo con chi svolge lo stesso “mestiere”, si apprezza cioè il gomito-a-gomito della competizione “palese” rispetto a quella, spesso occulta, che si vive giornalmente nelle “forzate” dimensioni lavorative aziendali. […]

Recenti studi affermano che le attività a reale valore aggiunto in ufficio non superano oggi il 5% delle ore lavorative e che, mediamente, un impiegato subisce più di 70 interruzioni al giorno. L'autore affronta le problematiche dell'efficienza nel mondo dell'ufficio partendo dalle fondamenta esistenziali dell'uomo ed analizzando tutte le molteplici perturbative che ne affliggono il compito lavorativo attraverso un percorso di rilettura dello spazio esistenziale che, nel mondo dei white collars, vuole restituire alla persona una nuova dignità intellettuale, più umanizzata e meno approssimativa. Lo spazio di relazione viene affrontato, dal micro al macrocosmo, analizzando tutti i livelli di interazione tra l'uomo ed il suo ambiente di lavoro. Partendo radialmente dal mondo degli oggetti, del corpo, della dimora lavorativa, del contesto urbano, fino ad arrivare al paesaggio-azienda. La relazione tra i vari livelli viene ricostruita da zero in una logica contestuale che tocca aspetti storici, psicologici, ergonomici, prossemici ed ambientali generando le fondamenta di una nuova disciplina che l'autore definisce, parafrasando i concetti di "Lean" dell'era efficientista della prima modernità: Lean Workspace Activities. Il fine è definire le regole per il recupero dell'efficienza, attraverso la generazione di benessere psicofisico.
Il presente studio si rivolge dunque a progettisti, managers, imprenditori ed in generale a tutti coloro che operano nel mondo dell'ufficio, nel tentativo di diffondere nell'era della Knowledge Society, una coscienza di "efficienza sostenibile" legata a principi etici, spaziali e di benessere ambientale.

Offices are get big impact from the technological advancement at this moment because it has a tremendous impact. Starting from the ease in the search for information and communication. These technological advances affect the more sophisticated office equipment. With advanced equipment will increase employee productivity so they can be more productive, skilled and professional workforce that works effectively and efficiently. Office-based equipment that is commonly used in office are Computer and Printer. Both of these office equipment have different functions, but when combined it will simplify the various jobs in the office. On the use of computers things can be done more quickly using a computer are the handling of the making of letters and reports, collection and collection of data, typing documents, computing work, schedule, graphs and charts. While the printer jobs that can be done efficiently with the printer is the printing of documents, duplication of documents both physically and in the form of digital documents. But on the other hand the employees must be able to operate it correctly and appropriately.
Keywords : Printer, computer, Office, efficient, office management

In modern economy, the continuous deconstruction of value chains through the extensive use of outsourcing and global networking, where employees can hardly identify with the final product, resulted in the growing issue of identification with the organisation (e.g. virtual, fractal and boundaryless organisations). Simultaneously, the existence of telecommuting, reinforced by information society infrastructure, led to the deconstruction of the concept of office space (e.g. coworking, virtual offices or hot desking). While agility of organisational design, accompanied by elasticity of working environment might seem very appealing in a modern and dynamic economy, it often lacks cultural and social reflections that are crucial for contemporary workforce. The growing, almost philosophical challenge for managers and employees, especially in creative and hi-tech industries, is to settle the conflicting paradigms of modern work, social models and personal development. The ultimate question is how to reconcile Alvin Toffler’s adhocracy (agile, structreless organisations) and Zygmunt Bauman’s fluidity (social and organisational nomadism) with Karl Weick’s sensemaking (identity, enactment, retrospection and continuity) and Mihály Csíkszentmihályi’s state of flow (optimal state of intrinsic motivation and autotelic experience).
The so called “spatial turn” within organisational studies shows that the potential solution could be found in the creation of engaging organisational spaces. There are many proofs that spatial egalitarianism and aesthetic empowerment of the employees contribute to their satisfaction, productivity and creativity. The growing trend is to incorporate the sense of play and fun into working activities and work space. It refers to the concepts of playful work and serious games that try to bind the ideas of Homo Ludens and Homo Faber. The examples of workspace designs that follow these approaches are reflected in the aesthetics of modern offices in hi-tech and creative industries (see: www.officedesigngallery.com or www.officesnapshots.com ). Many of them have colourful furniture, playrooms, slides, hammocks, pool tables, relaxation zones and similar solutions whose purpose is to stimulate the employees’ good mood, creativity and interaction. The employees are also allowed to draw on the walls, bring photos, personalise their desks and freely rearrange the furniture. This way companies enter into visual dialogue with their staff and make them actively shape the corporate aesthetic experience.
However, while modern organisational architecture attempts to renounce the concepts of Bentham’s Panoptikon or Heidegger’s Gestell, still many companies are willing to create very attractive, yet vain workspaces. Weber’s bureaucratic iron cage is frequently replaced with Gabriel’s glass cage, only to be transformed into a golden cage of productivity, where Foucault’s self-surveillance is replaced by the illusion of self-indulgence. Moreover, the innovativeness cannot be solely stimulated by open space, but rather by openness to new sensations than often occur outside work environment. Additionally, the infamous cubicles replaced with slides, hammocks and game zones could soon become pathetic for the ageing employees. Also, a majority of professionals claim that they are more productive at home than at their work desk. However, they also admit that meetings and interactions with their colleagues are the most productive source of new ideas. That is why the idea of an office as a playground must be critically analysed in order to differentiate between meaningful engagement and deceptive fun.

A well-organised and well-managed office is an important prerequisite for any thriving organisation. During the early months of 2020, the world experienced a health catastrophe, the Corona Virus pandemic, known as the COVID-19. This pandemic impacted the lives of everyone in the world. The world practically shut down as social distancing measures, including lockdown, were declared in almost all countries. These measures had a significant effect on the physical, financial, and economic health of every country. It also brought about a paradigm shift in the culture of office management in organisations. This research examined the increased role of ICTs in office management in the COVID-19 era. The study found that ICTs have continued to play an increasingly critical and pivotal role in recent office management designs of organisations. Remote working has become a norm as ICTs made the phrase "working from home" become a catch phrase. Several organisations resorted to working remotely in compliance with worldwide safety regulations, using ICTs to remain profitable and in existence. Though the world is no longer in lockdown, it can be said that the culture of work has changed. Remote working has come to stay. Hence, the importance of ICTs to the survival of businesses cannot be over emphasized. Office management in organisations must thus take this into cognizance and design their structures accordingly to be able to effectively and efficiently achieve set objectives.

Currently in the industrial era 4.0 business people are required to always move forward. In order to fulfill this, appropriate policies are needed so that the company can run well and survive in the long term. To produce a good policy requires proper, sharp and in-depth analysis to produce accurate data. SWOT analysis has the role of identifying internal and external factors that consist of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in a company. In this study researchers used the IFAS, EFAS and SWOT Matrix methods to find out the position of the company and how much of these factors influence the company. From the results of the analysis using the three methods above, it can be concluded that the company is in quadrant three, so the focus that must be resolved is to minimize the internal problems of the company so that the resulting policy focuses on internal factors. ABSTRAK Saat ini di era industry 4.0 para pelaku usaha dituntut untuk selalu bergerak maju. Untuk memenuhi hal tersebut dibutuhkan kebijakan yang tepat agar perusahaan dapat berjalan dengan baik dan bertahan dalam jangka waktu yang panjang. Untuk menghasilkan kebijakan yang baik dibutuhkan analisis yang tepat, tajam dan mendalam agar menghasilkan data yang akurat. Analisis SWOT berperan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor internal dan eksternal yang terdiri dari kekuatan, kelemahan, peluang dan ancaman di suatu perusahaan. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan metode IFAS, EFAS dan Matrik SWOT untuk mengetahui posisi perusahaan dan seberapa besar faktor-faktor tersebut pengaruhnya terhadap perusahaan. Dari hasil analisis dengan menggunakan ketiga metode diatas dapat disimpilkan bahwa perusahaan berada di kuadran tiga, maka focus yang harus diselesaikan adalah meninimalisir masalah internal perusahaan sehingga kebijakan yang dihasilkan lebih menitik beratkan pada faktor-faktor internal.

Objectives: The purpose of the present study was threefold: (1) to compare the work demands on firefighters (FFs) and office workers (OWs), (2) to compare the prevalence of health complaints and disabilities in the work situation in these two groups, and (3) to explore the effect of work demands on the risk of health complaints. Methods: Self-reported information was gathered from 1,624 FFs (55% response) and 630 OWs (80% response), at the same fire departments in different regions of the Netherlands, on work demands ('sitting', and biomechanically and energetically demanding activities and 24-h shifts), health complaints and disabilities. First, we compared the work demands and prevalence rates of health complaints and related disabilities in the two groups, then we explored the risk of health complaints in workers with high and low exposure to work demands. Results: Compared with office workers, FFs reported: (1) less exposure to 'sitting' and more to biomechanically and energetically demanding activities, (2) more knee (OWs 14% vs FFs 20%) and ankle (3% vs 10%) complaints and disabilities resulting from back complaints (30% vs 47%), and (3) less hypertension (7% vs 5%), stomach (13% vs 7%), heart (6% vs 2%), neck (26% vs 16%), shoulder (16% vs 14%) and arm (14% vs 6%) complaints. A higher risk of subjective fatigue was found in workers highly exposed to 'energetically demanding activities', and of neck, shoulder and arm complaints in workers highly exposed to 'sitting'. Conclusions: Firefighters reported higher physical demands (with the exception of 'sitting') than office workers did. The prevalence rate of certain complaints or disabilities among FFs was higher (knee and ankle complaints and disabilities related to back complaints) or lower (hypertension, stomach, heart, neck, shoulder and arm complaints) than among OWs. The results suggest that exposure to highly biomechanically demanding activities might cause an increased risk of knee and ankle complaints and that exposure to highly energetically demanding activities might increase the risk of subjective fatigue.

Parlare di ergonomia e società oggi, nel pieno del dibattito sui risvolti sociali ed economici della globalizzazione, a qualcuno potrebbe apparire fuori luogo o addirittura anacronistico ma non è assolutamente così. Appare peraltro più utile farlo ora che nel recente passato per la rapidissima evoluzione dei modelli e sistemi di lavoro (di tipo fisico, cognitivo e organizzativo) e dei riflessi negativi che la cosiddetta Società della Conoscenza sta generando nelle persone. Come, ad esempio: l’ansia di adattamento a situazioni in continua evoluzione e problemi di disorientamento causati dal sovraccarico cognitivo. L’ergonomia del secondo millennio è oggi una moderna disciplina scientifica system-oriented che si occupa di questo e di tanto altro. Studia l’interazione tra le persone e gli elementi tecno-digitali e sociali del sistema in cui interagiscono con l’obiettivo di ottimizzare benessere e performance: ossia di renderlo (il sistema) compatibile con i bisogni, le capacità e i limiti delle persone in tutti gli aspetti delle attività umane... vedi - pagg.36-40

Decades ago, teaching profession was modernized through the practice of new tools, Business Education content inclusive. This study, examined challenges faced by Rivers state higher institutions in teaching and learning occupational training content with new technologies, the difference between old and new technologies as well as the discrepancy between instructional technique(s) and equipment in the higher institutions. There are five (5) higher institutions running programmes with business education content with their preferred nomenclature. They are Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port-Harcourt, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, and Federal Technical College of Education, Omoku. The other two are Port-Harcourt Polytechnic, Rumuola and Ken Saro-Wiwa Polytechnic, Bori. A sample survey research design and random sampling technique were used. The population was 1,065 comprising of 65 lecturers and 1000 students of the five institutions, while the sample of the study was 360. Two (2) Research questions and two (2) hypotheses were posed and formulated to guide the study. A self-designed instruments of modified four point scale entitled: Very High Degree of Challenges, High Degree of Challenges, Low Degree of Challenges and Very Low Degree of Challenges were used to assemble data from respondents. The instruments were face validated by five specialists from the five departments of the five (5) Rivers state higher institutions. A reliability test retest was also conducted on the instruments with coefficient index of 0.87, 0.88 and 0.88, 0.89. Mean, Z-test and ANOVA were used to answer the research questions and test the hypotheses. Responses with mean score of 4.00 were seen to be very high degree of challenges (VHDC), 3.00 was high degree of challenges, (HDC), 2.00 was low degree of challenges (LDC), and 1.00 was very low degree of challenges (VLDC). Mean scores from 3.00 to 4.00 representing high degree of challenges and very high degree of challenges are not accepted but means score from 2.00 to 1.00 representing low degree of challenges and very low degree of challenges are accepted. The results of the finding revealed that there was high degree of challenges 3.00 faced by lecturers and students in instructing and learning business education content in Rivers state higher institutions in the areas of inadequate infrastructure, high cost of equipment, high level of ICT illiteracy, inadequate training etc. Among other things, it was suggested that government should allocate enough funds for procurement of infrastructures, new technologies, and training and retraining, organizing of regular excursion for students, enactment, implementation and control of ICT regulations for efficiency and effectiveness to surmount the degree of challenges faced during teaching and learning.

"A growing change has been observed in the field of the office management and secretariat, like in all other fields. Organizations would survive in such a competitive environment only if they forecast and keep up with this change. Provided that problems of secretaries, who are indispensable assistants of managers, are determined and educational opportunities are given to them high productivity and institutional loyalty would be attained.

In  order  to  determine  the  problems  of  secretaries  and  the  educational  issues  that  they  need  to  be trained,  a  study  based  on  a  questionnaire was  carried  out. Data was  gathered  from  231  secretaries  (150 public,  81  private  sector).  In  this  study,  it  is  seen  that  43%  of  secretaries  feel  the  need  for  training in  the  following  issues:  total  quality  management,  costumer  relations,  computer,  office  methods, communication  techniques,  foreign  language,  correspondence  and  file  techniques,  and  protocol  rules. The problems  that  they  generally  encounter  are  insufficient  salaries,  deficiency  in  being informed, physical fatigue, uncomfortable work conditions, social security, not being considered adequately important by managers, and hierarchical conflicts. "

Keberhasilan suatu organisasi ditandai dengan tercapainya tujuan organisasi tersebut. Maka dari itu kegiatan kantor dalam suatu organisasi pasti akan selalu dilakukan, baik di perusahaan swasta ataupun negeri. Tak dapat dipungkiri bahwa terdapat banyak faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi atas kesuksesan suatu organisasi. Salah satunya adalah tata ruang kantor. Tata ruang kantor ini memiliki 3 jenis yang masing-masing jenisnya memiliki karakteristik masing-masing, diantaranya adalah tata ruang kantor tertutup, terbuka, dan landscape. Secara langsung maupun tidak langsung, penerapan tata ruang kantor tersebut pun dapat mempengaruhi kinerja karyawan. Hal ini juga bisa dipengaruhi dengan fasilitas peralatan dan perabot kantor yang memadai atau tidak bagi para karyawan. Penulisan jurnal ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tata ruang kantor tertutup terhadap kinerja karyawan, dengan melihat dari beberapa kekurangan dan juga kelebihan dari tata ruang kantor jenis tertutup. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi pustaka dengan mencari referensi yang berkaitan dengan kasus ini. Tulisan ini menemukan bahwa adanya pengaruh signifikan dalam pemilihan tata ruang kantor tertutup terhadap kinerja karyawan. Hal tersebut ditujukan oleh tingkat kinerja karyawan yang semakin tinggi apabila mereka difasilitasi dengan tata ruang yang sesuai bagi pekerjaan mereka. Begitu pula sebaliknya, apabila penataan ruang kantor beserta pengadaan fasilitas yang kurang memadai, maka karyawan akan merasa tidak nyaman dan kinerjanya pun akan berkurang. Diharapkan di kemudian hari penulis dapat mengambil data secara langsung dari suatu organisasi, sehingga bisa mendapatkan hasil penelitian yang lebih baik lagi.

Listening to music while working is by no means a new innovation. Songs, for a long time, helped people synchronise their movements and made the day go quicker. In the 1930s, recorded music was often used in factories to improve productivity and reduce boredom and fatigue. Today, technology has made it easier to listen to your own music at work. Many employees have access to music through mp3 players, smartphones and via the internet, and can make choices about what to listen to
that previously would not have been possible.

Based on Dr Anneli Haake's PhD research at the University of Sheffield, totaljobs created ‘The Sound of Productivity’, a tool meant to encourage people to discover if music could boost their productivity at work. After assessing their personality, taste and work environment through the tool, users learn whether listening to music could help or hinder their productivity and what factors have an impact on their focus.

The findings demonstrate that the majority of people (79%) would benefit from listening to music at work, and that some workspaces tend to hinder people’s productivity.
However, not all professions and sectors allow for music listening. The Foo Fighters, Drake and Kendrick Lamar were
among the top artists users listen to at work. People born in the 1990s-2000s require more demanding music
to focus than people born in the 1950s-1980s (45% vs 29%). 99% of people working in open-plan spaces would
benefit from listening to music at work. 84% of those who said that they cannot listen to music at work would benefit from it.

Insurance, Banking, Accountancy and Customer
service are the least music-friendly industries (57% on
average are not allowed music). Computer programming,
Data analytics, Advertising and Marketing are the most
music-friendly industries (67% on average are allowed to listen to and choose their own music). Those working in Marketing are interrupted by surrounding noise more than other sectors (40% vs 20% on average).

It is hoped that the findings will encourage debate on what
makes people not only more productive, but also happier
in the workplace.

I have pleasure in presenting this book, which will serve as a text book for grade XI (10+2) level to fulfil the need of course structure under HSEB. This book is introduced to provide theoretical and practical knowledge to students, which covers concepts, functions, principles and practices etc. of office management and secretarial practices.

This book contains altogether thirteen units with ninety six topics accompanied with study questions in each unit, specimen of various business letters and past questions of HSEB.

This book is designed to provide a balanced presentation of relevant subject matters strictly in accordance with the syllabus prescribed by the HSEB. It is also equally beneficial to the vocational trainees and trainers, teachers, professionals and other readers as well.

This book is based on our practical experiences of teaching to 10+2 level students for a number of years. We have made attempts to understand the subject matter in a systematic manner with lucid exposition of its different facets. It is made every thing simple and easily understandable with suitable examples, figures, tables, charts etc.

I gratefully acknowledge to the professors, academicians and well wishers who immensely encourage us to create this book. I would like to extend our warmest appreciation to them for their cheerful encouragement, affection and ongoing support.

Any comments and suggestions for the improvement of the book will be highly appreciable.

Author

The layout is one of the most crucial aspects that need to be considered in the office workplace. This aspect is very important because it involves the comfort of the work environment for employees. Many factors also need to be considered such as the location of the office, the size of the office room, the color selection in office buildings, the lighting of the room, the facilities that are available in the building, the air circulation in the building, the arrangement of items and others. This study aims to determine and explain how spatial planning at the Lawangwangi Creative Space art office, located in Dago, Bandung. In practice, the research methods used are field observations, interviews, documentation, and literature studies.
Tata ruangan dalam sebuah kantor menjadi salah satu aspek krusial yang amat perlu diperhatikan. Hal ini terbilang penting karena menyangkut kenyamanan lingkungan kerja bagi para pegawai. Di dalamnya terdapat banyak faktor yang juga perlu diperhatikan seperti lokasi kantor, ukuran ruangan kantor, pemilihan warna pada bangunan kantor, pencahayaan ruangan, fasilitas yang tersedia dalam gedung, sirkulasi udara dalam gedung, penataan barang-barang dan lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui serta menjelaskan bagaimana penataan ruang pada kantor seni Lawangwangi Creative Space yang berlokasi di Dago, Bandung. Dalam pelaksanaannya, metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasi lapangan, wawancara, dokumentasi, juga studi pustaka.

Office automation remains a prominent factor that has contributed immensely and positively to the complete information processing revolution in today’s working environment. This calls for the focus of this study on the effect of office automation on office professionals. The study examined the definition of office automation, definition of office professionals, skills required by office professionals in handling office automation, and effect of office automation on office professionals among others using secondary sources of data collection such as journals, internet, textbooks and encyclopedia. The study concluded office automation is of great importance to office professionals as it ensure accuracy of works especially in calculation, removal of manual drudgery, minimizing document loss and information leakage. The study thus recommended among others that management of organizations should provide necessary office automation to allow efficiency and effectiveness of their professionals.

ABSTRACT
The paper focused on the current trends in office communication. In pursuit of the focus of this paper it treated numerous issues. It examined the meaning of communication, definition of business communication, process of communication, needs for effective communication in business, functions of communication in business, the importance of business communication, the role of effective business communication and the current trends in business communication. The process of communication is a basis for the effective functioning of every organization. A lack of effective communication constitutes one of the key obstacles to the productive performance of the team of people known otherwise as an enterprise. Based on the findings, it was recommended that; Office workers should strive towards developing effective communication skills in order to enhance productivity in his/her job performance. Management of organizations should maintain the principles of the use of informal communication.

The primary purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of leadership styles on employee performance concerning the Ethiopian Railways Corporation. Two study objectives were identified, such as the identification of practised leadership styles and their impact on employee performance in the Ethiopian Railways Corporation. A mixed study approach was used to investigate the designed objectives. The researcher took 400 employees for the survey questionnaire, and only 298 participants returned the questionnaire and used it for the study. A cross-section descriptive survey research strategy was adopted in which 298 usable structured questionnaires were collected from 364 questionnaires distributed. The sample size was determined using the Taro Yamane method, formulated in 1967, to determine the sample size of a given population. In addition, the purposive sampling technique selected seven key informants from middle and top management for semi-structured interview questions.

PURPOSE: Electronic medical record systems improve the quality of patient care and decrease medical errors, but their financial effects have not been as well documented. The purpose of this study was to estimate the net financial benefit or cost of implementing electronic medical record systems in primary care.

The paper establishes that there is a requirement to link together office layout to the work patterns of office occupiers. It is only when the connection is made between the office layout and the office occupiers' work patterns that productivity gains can be achieved. To support the different work patterns undertaken, the facilities manager can create office environments that consist of a balance between private space and communal shared space. The amount of balance will be very much dependent on the mix of the work patterns in the office.

تمرالمجتمعات اليوم بمتغيرات اقتصادية واجتماعية وتنظيمية ناتجة عن تحديات العولمة وانفتاح السوق ،هذه المتغيرات التي فرضت نفسها في العالم أجمع، تجبر المجتمعات على نمط تحول كبير في طريقة التفكير وتتطلب إعادة إنتاج وظائف المجتمع والمؤسسات.

من هنا كان لابد لعلوم السكرتارية وإدارة الأعمال أن تتماشى مع هذا التطور الحاصل، وذلك بسبب الحاجة الملحة إلى وجود سكرتير أو سكرتيرة في جميع المؤسسات والشركات لما لتلك الوظيفة من أهمية بالغة في تحقيق النجاح للعمل.

فالسكرتير هو منظم للاتصالات والأرشيف وأمين لأسرار الشركة ومساعد في إظهار الوجه الحضاري لعمل الشركة، فهو يراقب الخدمات ويتعرف على الزبائن، وينظم اتصالاتهم وعلاقاتهم مع الإدارة وهذه المهنة تتطلب خبرة وهنا تتحول السكرتارية وإدارة المكاتب  لوظيفة استراتيجية في المؤسسات والشركات.

وتماشياً مع ذلك الدور المتنامي للسكرتارية وعلوم الإدارة فقد اهتم مركزنا يوروماتيك، بتلك العلوم وأولاها أهمية بالغة, وذلك من خلال إقامة الدورات المتكاملة التي تؤهل المشاركين للتميز والابداع في إدارة أعمالها.


For more information:
https://euromatech-me.com/فئة-البرامج/السكرتارية-وإدارة-المكاتب

Abstract
The project work examines the changing functions of the office manager in modern organisation. The main purpose of the study is to examine the traditional functions of an office manager in the modern organisation. Four research questions guided the study. Descriptive survey design was adopted. The entire population of (100) employees of the selected institutions, out of which forty (60) was derived as sample size. A five point rating scale questionnaire containing (16) items was used for data collection Pearson Product Correlation was used to establish the reliability of the instrument which yielded and overall coefficient of 0.87. The researcher administered the instrument with the help of two research assistants. Data collected were analyzed using mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions and determined the homogeneity or otherwise of the respondents meaning rating, Z-test was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The finding shows that modern office technology/equipment contributes to the rise in productivity levels of the modern organization. Also it was found that modern business organizations have computers and other modern office technological gadgets. The researcher therefore recommended amongst others that, organizations should procure adequate modern office technology/equipment to enhance the productivity of their office managers and organizations should involve the office managers in deciding the kind of technological device they wish to procure since the latter are going to use them.

This study is basically on creation of a database using Oracle 11g for tertiary institution's office management. The essence of a good and efficient database is to design a structure that houses organizational data that can be easily accessed anytime and anywhere. Oracle 11g was used to create, maintain and access the database to overcome the deficiencies encountered in the traditional ways of keeping information. It provides high level of performance, high level of data and database security, availability, and manageability. It works with SQL [Structural Query Language] which is a standardized language for relational database used to retrieve, store, and manipulate the database and its contents. A sample of how the database was configured for a department in an institution -showing how the relations were created using SQL and the results obtained with screen shot is shown. Also, how data is inserted into the database table using SQL is displayed as well as how the database was tested.

Abstract

This journal aims to provide understanding and knowledge of the importance of Standard Operating Procedure or SOP for schools. Standard Operating Procedure or SOP is a document that explains the series or explains the procedures for completing a work process. SOP can be used in almost all  institutions for example government and private, formal-informal institution, or the business world. With the SOP, it can simplify and provide an explanation in the process of a job. Standard Operating Procedure has an important role for the progress of the School. In this journal some benefits, functions, and purpose of the SOP are explained. The results of the SOP for schools include being able to help facilitate teachers and employees in carrying out tasks and becoming guidelines in making school administration.
Keyword : Standard Operating Procedure, school, role

Abstrak

Jurnal ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman dan pengetahuan tentang pentingnya SOP bagi sekolah. Standar Operasional Prosedur atau SOP adalah sebuah dokumen yang menerangkan rangkaian atau menjelaskan tata cara untuk menyelesaikan suatu proses pekerjaan. SOP dapat digunakan hampir di seluruh lembaga baik pemerintahan maupun swasta, formal-informal, atau pun dunia bisnis. Dengan adanya SOP atau standar Operasional Prosedur, dapat mempermudah dan memberikan penjelasan dalam proses suatu pekerjaan. Standar Operasional Prosedur memiliki peran yang penting bagi kemajuan Sekolah. Dalam jurnal ini dibahas beberapa manfaat, fungsi , serta tujuan dari dibuatnya SOP. Hasil dari adanya SOP bagi sekolah diantaranya dapat membantu mempermudah guru dan karyawan dalam melakukan tugas, menjadi pedoman dalam pembuatan administrasi sekolah.
Kata kunci : Standar Operasional Prusedur, Sekolah, Peran

Current technological developments make companies have to start implementing everything using electronic media. One that can be applied by companies is by using an electronic filing system. This electronic filing system is used as one of the indicators of the effectiveness of the company's performance. The electronic filing system is used to filing all important company documents or information electronically into a computer. The electronic filing system will provide very useful benefits for all employees. However, the company is still not able to take full advantage of this system. This can happen due to limited human resources and companies that are too focused on other things so this electronic filing system is not given much attentions. This research was conducted to find out how the implementation of the electronic archive system can affect the productivity and work efficiency of employees so that the company can maximize and utilize it optimally. The research method used is by using the literature review method with secondary data sources derived from articles and journals on related topics. The end of this research shows that the implementation of the electronic filing system has a positive and significant impact on increasing employee productivity and work efficiency.

Office Design is not something new as it was a classical study done by past researchers from various countries. In Malaysian setting, the study is something new, scarce and yet still developing. Subsequently, with the goal of examining the impact of office design towards the employee productivity, researcher have chosen to direct this study at a business radio station, BFM Media Sdn Bhd situated at Petaling Jaya Selangor, Malaysia. Inside this pages, reader will be introduced with the early pages on the definition and also scenario of office design in the early years until today. Aside from that, reader will also gain knowledge on the problems that most employee or labor who is working in office faces. In the midst from that, researcher will likewise depicts on the key factors that were claimed by past scholar and researchers that can heighten the productivity of an employee. The back of the pages shall explain on the results of this research and also reference for future use. From the findings, the researcher infer that the objectives of this study are met. Lighting, temperature, noise, air ventilation and spatial arrangement were claimed to be the determinant of employee productivity in the organization which refers to BFM Media Sdn Bhd

A good companies are usually characterized by a number of innovations product. Of course, many of these innovations is determined by the organizational culture that exists in the company. In simple terms what is meant by organizational culture is the system of values, beliefs or norms that have long been in force, agreed and followed by members of an organization to guide behavior and solving organizational problems. Therefore, a pleasant working environment in this case related to the organizational culture of a company is very important to encourage employee performance levels. The performance is the result of a person as a whole during the period in carrying out tasks, such as work standards, targets or goals or criteria that have been determined in advance and agreed upon. Thus the culture of the organization, either directly or indirectly, will affect the performance of the organization.

During the growth of a competitive global environment, there is considerable pressure on most organizations to make their operational, tactical, and strategic process more efficient and effective. An information and Communication Technology is perceived to be a force to be reckoned with in the 21st century because it has caused and continues to cause major changes in the way we live. In the electronic media, ICTs have ignited and provoked radical and drastic changes that have affected and revolutionized the broadcast industry, most especially in immediacy and timeliness of news. Information and Communication Technology not only facilitate and enhance the creation, processing, sharing and dissemination of information in business organizations but the immediacy and timely delivery office task is of a high essence. The implication of the use of ICTs in office operations might lead to an overall shrink in the need for human correspondents. Before ICT could be more effective in enhancing office operations in Nigeria, the constraints to devices should not be neglected if business organizations must thrive or perhaps compete with its international counterpart. Consequently, many organizations decide to implement ICT in order to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of their business organizations. However, a lack of awareness of numerous and varied challenging issues surrounding the implementation process could be problematic for the whole process.

Ergonomics Risk Factors (ERFs) at computer works are commonly related to Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) such as repetitive movements, doing work in awkward postures and static postures while prolonged seating at works. The main objective of this study was to investigate the ergonomic risk factors associated with MSDs among employees in computer workstation. In this study, the data were obtained by structured interview using self-reported questionnaire and direct observation. The results show that there is significant association between neck and stress score with musculoskeletal symptoms and among office workers. As a conclusion, by assessing ERFs at workplace, the effectiveness of workplace interventions can be evaluated without waiting for changes in the prevalence of MSDs.

Setiap kantor harus memiliki peraturan tata ruang dan peralata kantor sebaik-baiknya untuk bisa menjaga produktivitas karyawan dan membuat karyawan lebih betah dalam bekerja. Tata ruang merupakan cara penyusuran alat-alat kantor pada suatu ruangan tertentu. Dalam penyusunan jurnal ini penulis mengguanaan metodologi analisis isi deskriptif. Analisis isi deskriptif merupakan analisis isi yang dimaksudkan untuk menggambarkan suau teks atau suatu pesan tertentu. Penulis beranggapan bahwa kantor start-up lebih cocok menggunakan konsep kantor landscape, karena ruangan yang terbuka akan memberikan suasana nyaman bagi pekerja di kantor. Hal ini tentunya sangat cocok dengan karakteriktik milenial yang harus bekerja di perusahaan yang santai namun tetap dengan produktivitasnya yang tinggi.
Kata Kunci: Manajemen Perkantoran, Tata ruang, Perusahaan Start-Up

A manager is a person who works in an office which is responsible to all parts of the organization's activities. Managers have three important functions in the company of planners, managers and control of office activities. It also has tasks that must be done well. For the purpose of getting maximum results in work, that is able to achieve company goals, managers have a role that must be executed according to the existing situation. Do not let the role that is run improperly with the conditions experienced.
Keywords: manager, manager role, company goals

The value of the time we live in, the new revolutionary discoveries in the medical field, the economic requirements, and the speed of development of the means of communication determine us to adapt to the new challenges of life. In this paper, we presented some tools for assessing patient fluctuation at the general practitioner (GP). This has a direct impact on doctor-patients relationship management because it provides both an overview and a detailed view of the causes that lead to an increase or decrease in the number of enrolled patients.In view of this, the physician will know more precisely what are the vulnerabilities and the opportunities that he/she has to deal with, in his/her relationship with patients. The brief explanation of the SWOT analysis will help the doctor to manage his company more effectively, being more aware of the causes that determine the patient’s dynamics. Let’s not forget that patients go where they want and stay where they are appreciated!

Keywords: office management, SWOT analysis, patient fluctuation, physician-patient relationship, assessment

The aim of the study is to examine the impact of information and communication technology on improving standards of modern business organization. Four research questions guided the study. Descriptive survey design was used. The total population is 65 and the sample size is 50. Data on these aspects of information and communication technology was collected from businesses through 12 questionnaire instrument. The finding of this research work presents the general positivity that information and communication technology contributed to business growth which includes improvement in the function of workers and among others. Enormous number of factors such as human, technical and environmental factors plays essential impact in successful evolution of information and communication technology in modern business organization. Further still, some of the businesses have presented a positive and advantageous performance of using information and communication technology facilities in their businesses. The researcher recommended among others that institutions offering information and communication technology (ICT) and management course both private and public should adequately equip the students with modern business technological devices and tools.

For the effective discharge of their duties, professional secretaries must have a mastery of the basic office skills. These skills include Shorthand, typewriting etc. of all these skills, shorthand happens to the most important and most challenging of all.

Abstrak
Perusahaan yang baik adalah perusahaan yang memiliki produktivitas karyawan tinggi. Semakin tinggi produktivitas karyawannya maka semakin tinggi pula keuntungan yang akan didapatkan oleh perusahaan. Produktivitas yang baik tentu tidak muncul dengan sendirinya, namun dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor antara lain pendidikan, motivasi, disiplin kerja, lingkungan kerja, komunikasi, teknologi dan lain-lain. Diantara faktor-faktor tersebut, efektivitas komunikasi selama bekerja adalah salah satu faktor paling utama yang memperngaruhi produktivitas karyawan. Komunikasi memiliki peran yang sangat penting di perusahaan karena sangat dibutuhkan selama proses kerja. Komunikasi di perusahaan bukan hanya untuk menukar informasi tetapi untuk memberikan intruksi kerja, membujuk, mengkoordinir, memotivasi dan mengambil keputusan untuk menyelesaikan sebuah masalah perusahaan.  Adanya komunikasi yang baik dapat menjadi aset perusahaan maupun karyawan itu sendiri karena dapat menciptakan kinerja yang baik tanpa ada resiko kesalahpahaman selama bekerja. Penerapan komunikasi yang efektif akan sangat berpengaruh terhadap produktivitas karyawan di sebuah perusahaan.
Kata kunci: Komunikasi efektif, Produktivitas karyawan
Abstract
A good company is a company that has high productivity. The higher employee productivity, the higher the benefits will be gained by the company. Good productivity certainly does not appear by itself, but is supported by several factors including education, motivation, work discipline, work environment, communication, technology and others. Effective ommunication in work is one of the most important factors that affects employee productivity. Communication has a very important role in the company because it is very necessary during the work process. Communication in the company is not only to exchange information but also to provide work instructions, persuade, coordinate, motivate, make decisions, and solve company problems. The existence of good communication can be an asset of the company or the company itself because it can produce good performances without any problems with working performance. The application of effective communication will greatly affect the productivity of employees in the company.
Keywords: Effective communication, Employee productivity

Abstract
The roles of secretaries and data processors in the administration of universities across the country cannot be overstressed. They play significant roles in the collection of data, processing, storage, retrieval and dissemination of information. The university deals with information processing to a large extent and therefore, employs this category of staff to perform these functions. Secretaries now operate in automated offices using modern machines and methods in order to save time, effort and energy. Despite the provision of modern technologies in offices for job performance, secretaries are still needed for the machines to function. They are needed to contribute to the attainment of the institutional objectives. In today’s globalized and highly competitive nature of the world of work, driven by modern technologies, particularly information and communication technology, coupled with lack of employment opportunities globally, secretaries and data processors should value their job and do what is right to maintain their employment. This calls for the provision of a good and comprehensive code of conduct to guide them in the discharge of their duties. This paper focuses on the code of conduct for secretaries and data processors in the university system. The challenges faced by this group of workers in this era of modern office automated equipment will also be discussed and some recommendations proffered.

Key word: University, System, Code of conduct, Secretary, Data processors, challenges.