Principles of Management

This paper is an attempt to highlight the Islamic principles of management stated by our Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (SAW) and Al-Quran, collectively known as Al-Sharia (Islamic law). Existing literature has been used to get some evidence of Islamic management principles such as Taqwa, Ihsan, Adl, Trust etc. Islamic management principles are unique in its nature as it not only guide but shapes the behaviors of individuals spiritually and morally. It has a socioeconomic and political effect besides the mutual relations of individuals. Its principles and management approach is based on ethico-metaphysical dimensions which are not stimulated by material objectives. Employer-employee relationship is purely based on religion. Both are accountable and answerable to Almighty Allah for their deeds and are His trustees on earth.

This paper posits the benefits of a Predictive Artificial Intelligence solution-powered by a multilayer Neural Network-for any and all inquiries that fall under the theoretical purview of a relationship between a landlord and their tenant(s).

Abstract Business education has been blamed for deficiencies in the leadership, decision-making and ethical conduct of business managers. The quantitative and analyti-cal orientation in business school curricula and the consequent lack of humani-ties-based courses have been identified as reasons. The fundamental reason, however, lies in the philosophy of business research and education which shapes the curricula, teaching methods, and ultimately the graduates' ability to handle various managerial functions.

Sustainability of the open pit mining and technical system (MTS) is one of its key goals in the changing conditions of the external and internal environment. All MTS’s subsystems must function in concert to achieve this goal. The structure of the MTS is formed by many subsystems and elements, which are evaluated by a significant number of indicators. A comprehensive assessment of the MTS for all possible indicators is a complex and time-consuming task. However, each subsystem and element of the MTS has a different effect on the sustainability of this system. The MTS’s parameters change significantly during transition periods, for example, at a new stage of open-pit mining or when switching to an open-underground method of developing mineral deposits. The MTS’s sustainability declines during the transition periods. Changes in the parameters of technological processes during these periods can have a negative impact on the state of the economic and social subsystems of mining enterpris...

Dear Colleagues, there is this fundamental question that ordinarily should bother anyone desirous of development and success, for self and nation, in this modern age. That question is, how do we develop and find fulfilment in this world that is changing faster than we can ever think? This concern is even more worrisome for most of us from the underdeveloped world, where we are mentally not ready for development, by our attitudes, reasoning, values and actions.

Setelah sebelumnya membahas mengenai biografi dan latar belakang keluarga serta pendidikan tokoh manajemen dan sosiologi kenamaan, Henri Fayol, berikut akan dibahas tentang sumbangsih atau kontribusi pemikiran pemikiran, konsep dan doktrin karya Henri Fayol sebagai pakar manajemen dan organisasi modern yang berkaitan dengan bidang-bidang manajemen.
Dalam karyanya, Henri Fayol membangun sebuah teori manajemen paling dasar dan dashyat serta dapat digunakan sebagai standard manajemen pendidikan dan pelatihan formal pada sebuah organisasi.
Karya-karya masterpiece Henri Fayol yang menjadi milestone atau pedoman pokok dunia manajemen adalah buku tentang manajemen industri, manajemen umum dan prinsip-prinsip umum kegiatan manajemen. Karyanya dipublikasikan pada tahun 1929 dan baru diterbitkan di Amerika Serikat pada sekitar tahun 1949 dan sangat fenomenal di zamannya.

The focus is providing a basic understanding of the principles of microeconomics.  At its core, the study of economics deals with the choices and decisions that have to be made in order to manage scarce resources available to us.  Microeconomics is the branch of economics that pertains to decisions made at the individual level, i.e. by individual consumers or individual firms, after evaluating resources, costs, and tradeoffs.  When we talk about “the economy,” then, we are referring to the marketplace or system in which these choices interact with one another.  In this course, we will learn how and why these decisions are made and how they affect one another in the economy.

This research, conducted by the author when a Senior Researcher at Newcastle University, UK, was funded by a UK governance organisation to help them assess, integrate and improve their understanding of the governed population.

ABSTRACT: Governance organisations have been urged to develop more holistic evidence-based approaches with partners to better deal with issues affecting the governed population. This presupposes an understanding of the population, yet there has been little research work addressing how governance organisations come to understand their governed population, nor how this understanding can be improved upon within such organisations.

This case study examined in-depth how understanding of a governed population was developed within one UK local governance organisation and it explored how such understanding might be developed and improved through more holistic and evidence-based organisational learning within the organisation and its governance partnerships.

The research methodology involved placement within the governance organisation, participant observations on several projects and innovative initiatives, observations within, across, and outside the organisation, and also interviews with varied key stakeholders.

The study examined:

- stakeholder engagement and networks
- current and varied understandings of the population
- mechanisms actually used for developing understandings
- the influence of context on organisational learning

and analysed these to arrive at a recommendations to improve organisational understanding of the governed population.

In the case studied, significant strengths were found: including innovative past learning trials for development, extensive ongoing networking activities, and many varied and accumulating quantitative datasets available across partnerships.

However, entrenched organisational approaches and practices constrained the development of holistic evidence-based understanding, for instance: the absence of systematic maintained collective learning processes; weak recording and forgetting of understandings; methodological exclusion of stakeholders from the development of understanding; the relative neglect of qualitative data, explanations, investigations, interpretations, and reflexivity; and also implicit organisational acceptance of such limitations and low aspirations.

Nonetheless, untapped opportunities existed to enable change including: latent practitioner knowledge and innovative management champions, the desire for improvement and raised aspirations within learning networks, and the development potential of alterative learning approaches.

It was concluded that more holistic evidence-based understanding was possible, but required new learning approaches beyond those then in use in both local government or academia.   

Recommendations are made to utilise and develop improved organisational learning approaches trialed and reported in the case study.

It is argued that the case study findings, conclusions, and recommendations may be applicable to other similar local governance organisations and partnerships that seek to better understand local populations, services and interventions.

The work was also submitted for, and awarded, an MPhil (at Newcastle University, supervised by Prof. Patsy Healy)

Agriculture has been very successful in addressing the food and fiber needs of today’s world population. However, there
are increasing concerns about the economic, environmental and social costs of this success. Integrated agricultural systems
may provide a means to address these concerns while increasing sustainability. This paper reviews the potential for and challenges to integrated agricultural systems, evaluates different agricultural systems in a hierarchical systems framework, and provides definitions and examples for each of the systems. This paper also describes the concept of dynamic-integrated agricultural systems and calls for the development of principles to use in developing and researching integrated agricultural systems. The concepts in this paper have arisen from the first in a series of planned workshops to organize common principles, criteria, and indicators across physiographic regions in integrated agricultural systems. Integrated agricultural systems have multiple enterprises that interact in space and time, resulting in a synergistic resource transfer among enterprises. Dynamic-integrated agricultural systems have multiple enterprises managed in a dynamic manner. The key difference between dynamic-integrated agricultural systems and integrated agricultural systems is in management philosophy. In an integrated agricultural system, management decisions, such as type and amount of  commodities to produce, are predetermined. In a dynamic-integrated system, decisions are made at the most opportune time using the best available knowledge. We developed a hierarchical scheme for agricultural systems ranging from basic agricultural production systems, which are the simplest system with no resource flow between enterprises, to dynamic-integrated agricultural systems. As agricultural systems move up in the hierarchy, their complexity, amount of management needed, and sustainability also increases. A key aspect of sustainability is the ability to adapt to future challenges. We argue that sustainable systems need built-in flexibility to achieve this goal.

About Principles of Management
Principles of Management is designed to meet the scope and sequence requirements of the introductory course
on management. This is a traditional approach to management using the leading, planning, organizing, and
controlling approach. The table of contents of this book was designed to address two main themes. What are
the variables that affect how, when, where, and why managers perform their jobs? What theories and
techniques are used by successful managers at a variety of organizational levels to achieve and exceed
objectives effectively and efficiently throughout their careers? Management is a broad business discipline, and
the Principles of Management course covers many management areas such as human resource management
and strategic management, as well behavioral areas such as motivation. No one individual can be an expert in
all areas of management, so an additional benefit of this text is that specialists in a variety of areas have
authored individual chapters. Finally, we all made an effort to present a balanced approach to gender and
diversity throughout the text in the examples used, the photographs selected, and the use of both male (oddnumbered
chapters) and female (even-numbered chapters) when referring to generic managers or
employees.

Management is the use of scarce supplies with proper planning, execution and leadership skills aimed at meeting up a specific goal or laid down objectives, Every organization is faced with different challenges and problems, from dividing tasks evenly among employees to developing

Este trabajo fue elaborado como un análisis al libro "Psicología del Trabajo para Relaciones Laborales" de Carlos Guillén Gestoso y Rocío Guil Bozal (McGraw Hill, ISBN: 84-481-2518-5) (http://www.mcgraaw-hill.es ), desde el punto de vista crítico, indicando los elementos destacables, los conceptos que se considera son aplicables y los que no lo son. Es el punto de vista del estudiante Alberto Molina Ossa (año 2001) con base en las experiencias laborales vividas durante 20 años en el  ejercicio de la profesión de ingeniero electricista y la gestión de proyectos de infraestructura en ISA, una empresa de prestación de servicios de transporte de energía eléctrica, Interconexión Eléctrica S.A. www.isa.com.co

China, a territorial aggressor and large-scale intellectual property thief, falsely claims that it originated the ―ancient bureaucracy.

Accordingly, Chinese began to develop the idea of bureaucracy. Bureaucracy has roots in the early dynasties but only became fully developed during the Han dynasty (206 BC–220 AD) aimed at training  Confucian scholars.

The assignment has two parts, multiple choice and case study. Multiple choices are to make you revise the entire materials and check your understanding of the course. Case study questions are to relate the theoretical discussions with the real world situations. Take time and answer the questions carefully. For case study questions the originality of your work and sources citation is mandatory.

This book primarily handles the changes that have happened in the Principles of management in the area of HR/Marketing and the nature of principles of management practices changing all over the world.
Hence taking into cognizance the Principles of management changing all over in every verticals, this book focus more on the varied areas of changes in the principles of management changes.

This research examines the Teachers Job Satisfaction and role of secondary school Principal that has an ultimately impact on students’ achievement in a positive way. This research was conducted in two phases: In the first phase the data were collected through focus group interviews, which were identified by male schools, and female schools teachers. The second phase of the study was to develop questionnaires with the help of focus group interviews and collect data of 40 school teachers and those data were analyzed by using statistical tools. The study concludes that most of public sector schools teachers think that the democratic style of Principals’ working are more emphasized to enhance the level of job satisfaction but most of the principal does not involve the teachers in any decision of administrative nature. Principal must be honest in
his dealing with teachers (other staff member). Principal should assignee teaching tasks according to the capabilities of the teachers and monitor them not to criticize but to improve their performance. Principal and teachers need to work together to provide an atmosphere that is conducive for the education process.

Autor utvrđuje principe koji određuju fenomen institucionalnog sećanja. On postulira određeno institucionalno sećanje kao ono u kojem je jasno utvrđeno: ko se seća, koga ili čega se seća, zašto se seća, kada, gde i na koji način. Zatim utvrđuje koji momenti čine određeno sećanje tako što opisuje i analizira teoretske stavove različitih istraživača, na osnovu kojih prepoznaje nekoliko različitih principa institucionalnog sećanja: dûg, prirodu, hijerarhiju, mit, pripovetku, naviku i inovaciju. Autor opisuje karakteristike različitih obrazaca institucionalnog sećanja zasnovanih na različitim principima, utvrđujući u zaključku tipologiju navedenih obrazaca.

Every organization grows, prospers, or fails as a result of decisions by its managers. Managers are often referred to as decision makers. Good decision-making is a vital part of good management. Decisions determine how the organization solves its problems, allocates resources, and accomplishes its objectives. Decision-making is not easy. It must be done amid ever-changing factors, unclear information, and conflicting points of view. Plans and strategies are arrived at through decision-making. The better the decision making, the better the strategic planning.

Political and economic shifts create a range of opportunities for
developing countries in a state of transition. Restrictions to doing business, both international and domestic, are often relaxed, economic and financial reforms can oil the wheels of commerce, and the comparative advantages present within the country regularly take on new value. When such shifts occur in countries with advantageous locations, strong resource endowments and high ceilings for growth, these countries can rapidly attract new investment opportunities and attention from international public and private sector actors alike. This policy paper looks at the principles and engagement behind environmental management. The chapter is edited by Mely Caballero-Anthony; and the contributors are J. Jackson Ewing, Alistair D.B. Cook and P.K. Hangzo

Participating in God’s mission has been the privilege of the Church down the centuries. Missions till about the middle of the last century have been a one dimensional- a “first-world” “burden”. However recently missions in/with/by the “third-world” countries have made it to be multi-dimensional. In this context, the Indian Church is confronted with three harsh realities necessitating her to look afresh at two indispensable tasks – missions and its management. The three harsh realities are limited resources, both human and non-human, the dilemma of Indian Christian mission caught up in between the two powerful forces of naïve “particularity” through cultural nationalism and contextual theologies, and vicious “universality” trying to be homogeneous through globalization. Finally, the uncritical use of management principles and practices in Indian missions without a proper mission theory has fashioned Indian Christian mission management (ICMM) to be “western”, “unchristian” and “profit-making”. These three main issues or realities and several nuances within them have propelled those of us, involved in Christian missions, to cross these boundaries and reconstruct management principles for a relevant missional model for the Indian Church.

In this venture and intent, this research has used the following methodology. Firstly, it studies and understands basic management principles– planning, organizing, staffing, leading and controlling.  Then it develops a theology of ICMM taking into consideration three contextual realities – “Indian”, “Christian” and “non-profit-making” and “interculturality” as a principle under Contextualization within the theology of mission. This theology of ICMM is further strengthened by biblical and historical foundations. Having employed the two management and Christian principles now, the research then constructs the practices in Indian Christian Mission Management.  This is substantiated by a general survey of ICMM practices and then with two particular case studies of mission organizations – Indian Missionary Society and World Vision India. The research then initiates critical studies, alongside case studies for practical insights, taking critical management research as a tool involving three processes namely “insights”, “critique” and “transformative definition”, in the form of deconstruction and reconstruction.

It has been found that ICMM is still underdeveloped both in its knowledge and practice of scientific management principles. It is uncritical in its use of management principles and knowledge and has not found a theoretical framework for a critical approach and study. It also finds that ICMM is over-lead and under-managed. Because of this, aims, objectives, methods and goals have overlapped and mixed with western thinking, unchristian values and profit-making motives. This has caused sufficient damage to Christian missions through mushrooming of several independent Christian mission organizations in India. However, ICMM considers commitment to God and people-oriented relationship to be the highest ideals. This one-dimensional outlook has in a sense handicapped ICMM to be unprofessional and not task-oriented. This research also finds that within each principle of management these and several other elements have encroached upon ICMM. One of the important findings of this research is that there is no possibility of making a model of ICMM because of several theologies of mission existing within the Indian Church and secondly, because of the varied contextual realities. Therefore a missional model is proposed on the basis of critical and analytical foci to reconstruct models of management within ICMM.

Finally, this research then integrates these findings and proposes three distinct movements for ICMM. Firstly, it necessitates a module course of management principles to be made in order to be incorporated into leadership classes for on-the-job and off-the-job training. Secondly, in order to learn and manage well in ICMM, the concept of “networking” and “conversation” is proposed beyond the present pattern of “partnership” and “dialogue”. Thirdly, keeping a focus on being Indian, Christian and non-profit making, some mission management principles are proposed theologically under-girding them with the emphasis on servant-leadership, stewardship and on the option for the poor and the needy.

This research has attempted to set the ball rolling in examining management principles for the Indian churches and mission organizations for suitability. It is only a step that initiates a critical approach to management principles and concepts, neither discarding them nor uncritically adopting them totally but rather, reconstructing them into a relevant missional model for the Indian Church that would be truly “Indian”, Christian, and “non-profit-making”.

Leaders are in positions of power and their decisions impact others: therefore, it is imperative that their values should have strong ethical foundations and, above all, that these be aligned with external behaviors and actions that advance the common good.

Attracting and retaining talent is a major problem faced by SMEs in the logistics business. There is a need to incorporate a high degree of professionalism in the functioning and approach of SMEs in this business. The current study aims to analyse the factors that influences employee intention to leave an organisation and their level of commitment towards the organisation. The study is focused on surface transport operators (parcel service operators) in Tamil Nadu. The sample population of the study consists of 650 respondents in middle and low carders. The study concluded that concluded that mostly job to other job in want of good salary package, but, they are passion to take up more challenging job, want for career advancement, expectation for work-life balances and liking for stress free work environment forces them to search for new or alternative job. The parcel service providers in particular and logistics service providers in large must take these issues very serious and should provide a real-time work experiments to their employee and opportunities to express individual ability, so that they can feel pride and motivated to work in an organisation for long tenure.

Every individual in our planet is busy in his / her own world these days. The busy schedules and work preoccupations of many people hinder them from spending nominal amount of time with their families. To address this concern, we have come up with our MACH Tours and Travels, our motto being, " Breaching the Boundaries! " which aims at not only giving its customers the best and most comfortable tour, but also an enjoyable and memorable experiences. We differ from our competitors in various ways. For a start, we emphasize that our profit is not in the income from this business, but in the satisfaction of our customers. Added to that, we focus on improving the ease of travel, the luxury of trip, the quality of time spent and the worth of pay. There is a variety of customers we come across: some will want their trip to be extravagant, while some require it to be cost effective; some need a long vacation, while some choose just a weekend away. Our mission: In order to meet the desires of this large range of people and to include all the factors of a hearty holiday, we have devised our strategies and planned our processes, thus, setting us apart from the others. Our vision: As the main priority, a year from now, we target on contenting as many customers as possible through our services. The following sections of this document includes our roles in planning, decision making, staffing, leading and communicating in which we highlight various aspects of our organization, including the pros and cons of travelling with us.

Abstract: Obstinate actions-oriented behaviour is the study of learning and practicing behaviour theoractively, which is acquired from the content based, process based learning and spawning critical reflexivity to the learnt theoretical phenomena into practical actions. Obstinate actions-oriented behaviour is a multi-faceted behaviour that is generally
applied to gain success and to become effective through the ontology of theoractive learning. Obstinacy actions-orientation, in this study, is viewed in a positive light; and denotes a self-willed, natural and nurturing action towards the tenacious pursuit of a self-desired goal. This action is achieved by applying learning theories to practice, thus displaying theoractiveness, with self-willed obstinacy towards the individual goal or the organizational goal. Theoractive learning is grounded in content and process learning in order to generate critical reflexivity with which to judge and evaluate the learnt behaviour of an individual. This paper is conceptually designed and accumulates various relevant theoretical literature within organizations and leadership with a purpose to support the conceptual commentary. Terminologies used in this paper are precisely described and illustrated. The meanings were elucidated and supported by integrating the leadership theories. Theoretical consciousness can play a pivotal role in shaping an individual’s
competences, and in generating a theoractiveness; however, theories are often limited to content learning. Nonetheless, process-based orientation subconsciously implements these theories at a higher educational level. Obstinate actions orientation consists of both an
art-obstinacy and a science-obstinacy. Teaching by the “what method” is a science obstinate action, whereas, teaching by the “why and how” method is an art-obstinate action. Actions-oriented behaviour enables followership movement towards the leader’s desired conducive climate, creating a dominant leadership style within the context, and maintaining a leadership style fix.

Keywords: Content learning, process learning, critical reflexivity, leadership theories, action-oriented behaviour, theory and practice.

The Integrated Agricultural Systems workgroup is examining agricultural systems of the US to determine fundamental principles that underlie successful production systems. Our hypothesis is that principles are applicable across regions, but key drivers interact to influence producer decisions and create distinct production systems. We interviewed agricultural producers to examine the underlying rationale for producer decisions and discern primary factors influencing production and marketing practices. While drivers are common among regions, interactions between drivers and influences on decision-makers vary substantially to create unique production systems. The internal social driver that values farming lifestyle is the principal factor that leads people to farming. The type of farming is partly a lifestyle choice and is influenced by other factors. Economic drivers and marketing options are primary drivers influencing production systems and management choices, as farmers provide an ...

Yirminci yüzyıl boyunca, sınai ve teknolojik gelişme, kısa aralıklarla yaşanan iki dünya savaşı ve bölgesel savaşlar nedeniyle doğal çevre tahrip olmuş ve çevre kirliliği giderek artmıştır. II. Dünya Savaşı'nın ardından Avrupa başta olmak üzere, dünyanın birçok ülkesinde uygulanan kalkınma politikalarında çevre sorunu göz ardı edilmiştir. 1960'lı yılların sonlarından itibaren önce ABD'de, ardından Avrupa'da başlayan çevre hareketi sayesinde, tüketicinin de çevre kirliliğine olan duyarlılığı artmıştır. Çevreye daha az zarar veren ürünlere olan talebin artması ve yasal zorunluluklar nedeniyle işletmeler, üretim sürecinden başlayarak, doğal çevreyi en az kirleten ürünleri pazarlama çabası içine girmişlerdir. Bu çalışmada, yeşil pazarlama stratejisi firmalar için önemi belirtilecektir. Çalışma, giriş bölümü dahil beş bölümden oluşmaktadır. İkinci bölümde, çevre kirliliğinin tanımı ve çevre kirliliğinin türleri açıklanacaktır. Üçüncü bölümde, çevrecilik hareketinin kökenleri ve gelişimi ele alınacaktır. Yeşil pazarlamanın tarihçesi ile yeşil pazarlama stratejisinin firmalara kazandırdıklarına ve maliyetlerine dördüncü bölümde yer verilmiştir. Sonuç bölümünde ise çalışmanın genel değerlendirmesi yer almaktadır.

This research examines the Teachers Job Satisfaction and role of secondary school Principal that has an ultimately impact on students’ achievement in a positive way. This research was conducted in two phases: In the first phase the data were collected through focus group interviews, which were identified by male schools, and female schools teachers. The second phase of the study was to develop questionnaires with the help of focus group interviews and collect data of 40 school teachers and those data were analyzed by using statistical tools. The study concludes that most of public sector schools teachers think that the democratic style of Principals’ working are more emphasized to enhance the level of job satisfaction but most of the principal does not involve the teachers in any decision of administrative nature. Principal must be honest in his dealing with teachers (other staff member). Principal should assignee teaching tasks according to the capabilities of the teachers and moni...

Özet: Örgütsel bağlamda, yönetsel açıdan değerlerin etkili olmasının beklendiği süreçlerden birisi de karar verme sürecidir. Karar verme süreci yönetsel süreçlerin merkezinde yer alır. Belirli değerlere dayalı örgütsel bir yapının kurulması ve yönetsel hedeflerin gerçekleştirilebilmesi söz konusu değerlerin biçimlendirdiği bir karar verme sürecinin sonucu olarak görülebilir. Değerler ile karar verme sürecinin yakından ilişkili olması nedeniyle okul yöneticilerinin karar verme sürecini etkileyen değerlerin irdelenmesi oldukça önemlidir. Bu bağlamda araştırmanın temel amacı, okul yöneticilerinin karar verme süreçlerinde etkili olan değerleri yönetici ve öğretmenlerin görüşlerine dayalı olarak irdelemektir. Araştırma nitel bir çalışma olarak desenlenmiş, durum çalışması çerçevesinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu belirlemek üzere amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden ölçüt örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışma grubu, 2013-2014 eğitim-öğretim yılında ilkokul ve ortaokullarda görev yapan görev yapan 20 okul yöneticisi ile 20 öğretmenden oluşmaktadır. Verilerin toplanmasında araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan açık uçlu sorulardan oluşan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen verilerin analizinde; verilerin önceden belirlenen temalara göre özetlendiği ve yorumlandığı, görüşmeden alıntılara sık sık yer verilen betimsel analiz yönteminden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları gerek yöneticilerin gerek öğretmenlerin, yöneticilerin bireysel olarak temsil ettikleri değer sınıfı ve karar verirken dayandıkları değerler bağlamında büyük ölçüde örtüşen ancak bazı boyutlarda farklılaşan görüşlere sahip olduklarını göstermektedir. Çalışma grubundaki yöneticilerin ve öğretmenlerin büyük kısmı, değer sınıflaması bağlamında yöneticilerin Toplumsal-Örgütsel yönelimli olduklarını düşünmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Karar Verme Süreci, Değerler, Eğitim Sistemi, Okul Yöneticisi, Öğretmen
Abstract: In the context of organizations, one of the processes in which values are expected to be effective is the decision making process. Decision making process exists in the center of administrative processes. Establishment an organizational structure that is based upon certain values and accomplishment of organizational goals can be seen as a result of a decision making process shaped these values. Values and decision making process are closely related; therefore it is very important to examine values that influence decision making process of principals. In this context, the main purpose of this study is to examine values that are effective on decision making process of principals with regard to the opinions of principals, vice-principals and teachers. The research designed as a qualitative study and it employed case study method. In order to determine study group of the research, criterion sampling method, which is one of the purposeful sampling methods, was used. The sample of study consists of 20 principals and vice-principals and 20 teachers, who work in primary and elementary school in 2013-2014 academic year. In collecting data, researchers prepared semi-structured interview form which included open-ended questions. In analyzing data, descriptive analysis method was used. This method helped to do quotations from interviews, to summarize and interpret data in line with the predefined themes. Findings indicate that opinions of principals, vice-principals and teachers, in terms of principal’s individual value classes and values that they base upon while making decisions, mostly coincide though they differentiate in some dimensions. Most of principals, vice-principals and teachers, who constitute working group, think that principals have Social-Organizational tendencies in the context of value classification.
Key Words: Decision Making Process, Values, Educational System, Principals, Teacher

Sustainability of the open pit mining and technical system (MTS) is one of its key goals in the changing conditions of the external and internal environment. All MTS’s subsystems must function in concert to achieve this goal. The structure of the MTS is formed by many subsystems and elements, which are evaluated by a significant number of indicators. A comprehensive assessment of the MTS for all possible indicators is a complex and time-consuming task. However, each subsystem and element of the MTS has a different effect on the sustainability of this system. The MTS’s parameters change significantly during transition periods, for example, at a new stage of open-pit mining or when switching to an open-underground method of developing mineral deposits. The MTS’s sustainability declines during the transition periods. Changes in the parameters of technological processes during these periods can have a negative impact on the state of the economic and social subsystems of mining enterpris...