Optimization techniques

People abused by angry discipline as children, may tend to abuse or overly punish other people or themselves for perceived wrongs in their adult life. In some individuals, aggressive personality traits may be genetically inherited. The aggressive personality may feel weakened by having guidelines or boundaries for anger. Anger is a normal human emotion, and these guidelines can help express anger in a healthy way.

Abstract: This paper proves that non-convex quadratically constrained quadratic programs have an exact semidefinite relaxation when their underlying graph is acyclic, provided the constraint set satisfies a certain technical condition. When the condition is not satisfied, we propose a heuristic to obtain a feasible point starting from a solution of the relaxed problem. These methods are then demonstrated to provide exact solutions to a richer class of optimal power flow problems than previously solved.

Due to complex loading and chemical conditions of the human body, the artificial replacements of the body organs demand materials with superior characteristics. Therefore, recently using composite materials have gained a lot of popularity for this purpose. As a special case of the composite materials, functionally graded materials (FGMs) exhibit very interesting behavior that makes them a very suitable candidate where this study is aimed to examine the performance of femoral prostheses made of a FGM. The internal and external layers of the prostheses were composed of stainless steel and hydroxyapatite, respectively. The finite element method was used to compute the strain energy density in the proximal metaphysis of the bone, von Mises stress over the femoral prostheses, and maximum and minimum principal stress developed in the bone. The results revealed dependency of the strain energy density, interface stresses, and implanted femur component stresses on the gradient index and geometrical properties of the prostheses. Moreover, among the geometrical factors, profile and proximal cross-section were the key factors to alter strain energy density, whereas the distal cross-section effect was minor. Besides, changes in interface stresses were related to all geometrical properties of prostheses. However, stress changes in prosthesis and bone were less evident under the influence of prosthesis geometrical properties, while strains in bone showed a significant dependency to the gradient index and geometrical properties of the prosthesis.

""Origin–destination (O–D) matrix estimation methods based on traffic counts have been largely discussed and investigated. The most used methods are based on Generalised Least Square estimators (GLS) that use as input data a starting O–D matrix and a set of traffic counts. In addition to traffic counts, the analysts could know other general information about travel demand or link flows, based on their experience, or spot data, but few works deal with the matter of including effectively these sources of information.

This paper proposes a Fuzzy-GLS estimation method that allows to improve the estimation performances of classic GLS estimator by including, in addition to traffic counts, uncertain information about starting O–D demand (i.e. outdated estimates, spot data, expert knowledge, etc.). The methods explicitly take into account the relevant level of uncertainty by taking as much advantage as possible from the few vague available data. The method is developed using fuzzy sets theory and fuzzy programming that seems to be a convenient theoretical framework to represent uncertainty in the available data. A solution algorithm for the proposed problem is also presented. The method has been tested by numerical applications and then compared to the classical GLS method under different sets of constraints to the problem.""

Emergency situations require specific needs in particular in terms of communications, data transmission and sharing. Of particular concern are the transmissions of the patient's medical history to the emergency physician, the transmission of medical streaming data collected by devices (ECG, stethoscope …) to the emergency services. This will make it possible to get real time second opinion from experts, but also to retrieve medical history of the patient, and to initiate a medical file with objective data as collected for that emergency. The relevance is to benefit from a second opinion in real time; the physician can remotely consult the patient's medical history, or add new information. Protocols exists to transfer medical information. Thus, according to the state of the art, nowadays, we assist to the emergence of communication protocols adapted to medical domain: the Bluetooth device medical profile. Likewise, Dicom is a commonly format use to transfer medical data (images) on the network. Nevertheless, new needs appear that are not considered in the existing protocols. For instance, the case of the stethoscope or auscultation sounds has not been considered. So, we propose to use the existing protocols (Bluetooth medical device profile, Dicom) and to integrate these data that are not considered today. It should allow to homogenize the communications medium and better share auscultation sounds. The final aim will be the creation of the "School of Auscultation" whose goal is to reposition auscultation as a fundamental non invasive exam, thanks to the new technologies.

Weld quality mainly depends on the weld bead geometry and mechanical-metallurgical characteristics of the welded joint which has a direct relationship with the type of welding process being used and its input process parameters i.e. welding current, arc voltage, travel speed etc. In the present study, determination of tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding input parameters for achieving maximum tensile strength of 316L austenitic stainless steel is investigated. Box-Behnken design of response surface methodology has been employed to formulate the experimental plan to identify the effect of process parameters on tensile strength. Square butt joint configuration has been made using three factors - three levels of welding input parameters. Joint strength has been evaluated by notch tensile strength (NTS) and Unnotch tensile strength (UTS) method and correlated with microstructure and micro hardness of the weld. The results indicate that gas flow rate has greater influence on both NTS and UTS...

A prototype tool to assist architects during the early design stage of floor plans has been developed, consisting of an Evolutionary Program for the Space Allocation Problem (EPSAP), which generates sets of floor plan alternatives according to the architect's preferences; and a Floor Plan Performance Optimization Program (FPOP), which optimizes the selected solutions according to thermal performance criteria. The design

Cone programming is a joint generalization of the pozitive semi-definite programming and linear programming. The requirement that the matrix of variables must be pozitive definite or the vector of variables must be nonnegative resp., in semi-definite or linear programming, resp., is substituted by the claim that the vector of variables must belong to a fixed and not necessarily polyhedral cone. The original Benders decomposition is a frame of algorithms to solve optimization problems such that the variables can be divided into two sets in such a way that for every fixed values of the variables of the second set the reduced problem is a linear programming problem. In this paper Benders decomposition is generalized for the case when the reduced problem is a problem of cone programming.

In many situations in numerical analysis least squares loss functions with diagonal weight matrices are much easier to minimize than least square loss functions with full positive semi-definite weight matrices. We use majorization to replace problems with a full weight matrix by a sequence of diagonal weight matrix problems. Diagonal weights which optimally approximate the full weights are computed using a simple semi-definite programming procedure.

Finding optimal paths through raster databases is limited by the very nature of the raster data itself. This limitation restricts the possible directions of movement through the database from the infinite possibilities found in the real world to a finite number of possibilities defined by the cell-to-cell movement that characterizes raster databases. A Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN)-based alternative optimization model that allows unlimited possible directions of movement is presented. While not without its own limitations, this new approach offers a viable alternative to raster-based optimal routefinding.

An optimum experimental design to determine the coefficients of the Extended Taylor's Equation in machining is proposed. The technique is based on the minimisation of the ratio between maximum and minimum singular values of the matrix of sensitivity of the tool life related to the machining parameter variations. This procedure generates the best set of cutting conditions to be used in tool life tests which results in a fast convergence of the coefficients and their confidence intervals. This technique was compared to the commonly used fractional factorial design when face milling AISI 1045 steel with cemented carbide cutting tools. The results showed a considerable reduction in the number of tests required to obtain a reliable equation when the optimum experimental procedure was used when compared to the factorial design.

Many airship projects have been presented during last years. Most of them are slowed in their realization because of very high costs of Helium. This paper presents an economic and energetic comparison between Helium filled airships and Hydrogen filled ones under the hypothesis of buying 20 MPa compressed Helium and local production of photovoltaic hydrogen by electrolysis.

Cuckoo Search Strategy (CSS) is the newly developed strategy based on the Cuckoo Search Algorithm. In order to achieve best performance, a number of parameters in the CuckooSearch Algorithm needs to be tuned namely the nest size, the elitism probability, and the repetition. This paper describes the tuning process for Cuckoo Search Algorithm involving t-way testing, that is, by taking the standard covering array involving CA (N, 2, 46). Our initial experiment results using obtained range of parameter values of CSS demonstration that CSS able to give sufficiently competitive results compared to existing work

The sizing process is an important one for textile mills and affects the efficiency of the loom machine. In this study, the optimisation of multiple performance characteristics based on the grey relations analysis method, which is a new approach for optimisation of the sizing process was researched using the Taguchi L18 (mixed 3-6 level) experimental plan. The process parameters selected: warp yarn count, the viscosity of the sizing solution and the dispatch speed of the warp yarn passing from the sizing machine, were optimised. In the experimental design of Taguchi L18 (mixed 3-6 level), the warp yarn count factor was chosen as 3 levels (12, 10 and 8 tex), the viscosity of the sizing solution factor as 3 levels (14, 20, & 24 Ns/m 2), and the dispatch speed of the warp yarn passing from the sizing machine factor was selected as 6 levels (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, & 90 m/min). Quality characteristics were determined as the warp yarn strength, and the efficiency of the loom machine. A grey relational grade obtained from the grey relational analysis is used to solve the sizing process with multiple performance characteristics. Optimum levels for the sizing process parameters were determined using the grey relation grade.

ABSTRACT Slope stability analysis of soil with a weak layer sandwiched between two strong layers is considered as a complex geotechnical problem. In this problem, the objective function is non-convex and discontinuous with the presence of multiple strong local minima. Classical optimization techniques fail to converge to a valid solution unless a proper initial trial is adopted. Even though many new optimization algorithms have emerged, they have not been applied to geotechnical problems yet. In the present study, some recent swarm intelligence algorithms are adopted for some complicated example of slope stability problems and benchmarked with the traditional particle swarm optimization algorithm. From the results, it seems the levy flight krill herd algorithm is the most efficient method over proposed algorithms for this kind of problem. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

In the recent years we have seen many approaches to solve fractional programming problems. In this paper, the linear fractional programming problem with interval coefficients in objective function is solved by the variable transformation. In this method a convex combination of the first and the last points of the intervals are used in place of the intervals and consequently the problem is reduced to a nonlinear programming problem. Finally, the nonlinear problem is transformed into a linear programming problem with two more constraints and one more variable compare to the initial problem. Numerical examples are illustrated to show the efficiency of the method.

The Graph is a powerful mathematical tool applied in many fields as transportation, communication, informatics, economy, … In an ordinary graph, the weights of edges and vertexes are considered independently where the length of a path is the sum of weights of the edges and the vertexes on this path. However, in many practical problems, weights at a vertex are not the same for all paths passing this vertex but depend on coming and leaving edges. The presented paper develops a model of the extended linear multi-commodity multi-cost network that can be more exactly and effectively applied to model many practical problems. Then, maximal limit cost flow problems are modeled as implicit linear programming problems. On the base of dual theory in linear rogramming, an effective approximate algorithm is developed.

In modern systems, electrical power distribution and actuation replace mechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic systems. An estimated 30% of world’s electrical energy was processed by power electronic systems in 2005, with a predicted increase to 80% by 2030. An understanding of future capabilities of power electronics & bottlenecks limiting increases in performance of such systems is required. Designing a filter/converter is a complex engineering task that balances many interacting and often conflicting pressures. A computational tool that accounts for them while seeking optimal (power-dense) designs is of high value for designers.

Fused Depoition Modeling is a type of Additive Manufacturing technology, which has capability to construct final product by mean of adding layer by layer pattern automatically from data generated by Computer Aided Design (CAD) model. This research work focused over the study of effect of process parameters such as infill percentage, Shell wall thickness and extruion temperature with specimen material used as ABS. This Research work includes optimization of the process parameter using statistical method Response Surface Methodology(RSM(and validating parameter's significance using ANOVA. To overcome some of the drawbacks such as time consumption of printing, machine speed, quality of surface, required properties namely strength, thermal and mechanical properties optimization of process parameter is importand. It is also equally important to find out correlation between process parameters and response outcomes required. Hence, it was proposed to carry experimental investigation of FDM process parameters on polymeric materials because polymeric materials are easy to print as well as economical with wide range of application. FDM process is simple process as compared to other processes so on that basis FDM is chosen. In order to carry work methodology, sample specimens prepared according to ASTM standard for tensile test. Results carried out according to performing test to investigate the relationship between parameters and concomitant effect on strength. Major reason for weak strength of FDM processed parts owes to distortion within the layer or between the layers while building the parts due to temperature gradient. The utility of RP parts suggests that it is dependent on various loading conditions and hence needs to be optimized to gain effective practical implications and optimistic improvisation according to requirements.

Artificial neural networks learn how to solve new problems through a computationally intense and time consuming process. One way to reduce the amount of time required is to inject preexisting knowledge into the network. To make use of past knowledge, we can take advantage of techniques that transfer the knowledge learned from one task, and reuse it on another (sometimes unrelated) task. In this paper we propose a novel selective breeding technique that extends the transfer learning with behavioural genetics approach proposed by Kohli, Magoulas and Thomas (2013), and evaluate its performance on financial data. Numerical evidence demonstrates the credibility of the new approach. We provide insights on the operation of transfer learning and highlight the benefits of using behavioural principles and selective breeding when tackling a set of diverse financial applications problems.

Lantai produksi yang tidak teratur dapat membuat ongkos perpindahan barang menjadi lebih tinggi. Penelitian kali ini dilakukan di rumah produksi pakaian maketees yang berlokasi Bondosari, Hargobinangun, Pakem, Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarata. Rumah produksi maketees memiliki lantai produksi yang cenderung menyebabkan ongkos material handling yang cukup tinggi. Ongkos material handling yang cukup tinggi ini tentunya akan menyebabkan kenaikan biaya dalam lantai produksi maketees. Dalam upaya mengurangi OMH tersebut, maka dilakukan simulasi menggunakan software simulasi Flexsim 6.0. simulasi sendiri adalah metode yang digunakan untuk memecahkan persoalan dalam kehidupan nyata yang kompleks dan penuh ketidakpastian yang lebih ditekankan dengan pemakaian komputer. Dengan software tersebut, didapat OMH awal lantai serta OMH akhir setelah layout diubah. Dengan menggunakan pengujian statistik paired sample t-test, diketahui bahwa terdapat perbedaan OMH antara layout awal dan layout baru.

Machining with milling is a common practice in manufacturing operations. Optimum surface finish in the products has always been a requirement of the manufacturer and the user. This paper is focused on identifying the optimum values of input parameters to achieve better surface finish. A series of experiments have been performed using Aluminum Alloy 7075-T 7351, as this material is used in various applications. Central Composite Design (CCD) technique in the Design Expert has been applied to carry out the analysis of experimented results. At various values of input variables the response has been measured and then optimized. The results showed that at higher cutting speeds and low feed rates, lower values of surface roughness (Ra) has been achieved with additional depth of cut (DOC). By increasing the feed and cutting speeds, smaller Ra values has been achieved at lower values of depth_of_cut. Contour plots predict the cutting parameters for minimum value of Ra. The estimation error has been computed by comparing predicted and actual experimental values of surface roughness.

Diabetes comprises of noisy features. This feature hampers classification and prediction for Artificial Intelligence (AI) system. The optimization of diabetes dataset using Genetic Algorithm (GA) exploring its fundamentals identifies the focus of this research. The dataset obtained from Biostat comprising of random samples (fifteen: 15) and parameter variables five: cholestrol, high-density lipoprotein, age, height and weight was used for the optimization. The simulation was Matrix Laboratory (MATLB). The optimized dataset was validated using standard optimization equation resulting in percentage score of Forty-one (41%) percent. This dataset will be using in classifying fuzzy system

Escriba una aplicación que modele en el paradigma orientado a objetos el siguiente escenario: "El departamento de inteligencia informática ha identificado que cierta posición de palabras que contengan la letra 'a' pueden representar posibles fraudes. Se considera que una frase está compuesta por múltiples palabras y cada palabra está compuesta por múltiples letras. Empezando por la izquierda se le dará un valor sucesivo a cada ocurrencia de la letra 'a' dentro de la frase empezando por el '1' y el peso de una palabra equivaldrá a la suma de los valores de sus letras 'a'. Así las palabras de cualquier frase dada deberán ser reacomodadas de acuerdo a su peso, empezando por las que pesan más hasta las que pesan menos." Deberás generar múltiples archivos que representen el problema de la vida real en términos de programación. Así tendrás varias clases de Java como son: Departamento, frase, palabra, letra, peso, etc. Estableciendo en ellas comportamientos como identificar, contar y acomodar que hagan que el escenario cobre vida. Por favor haz uso de todos los conceptos de programación Java que consideres que aplican como son creación de instancias, agregación, herencia y polimorfismo, entre otros. Ya en ejecución la frase deberá ser recuperada desde consola, por ejemplo, invocado de la siguiente forma: > java problema stacy barbara ha hablado para recuperar su carta (Que equivaldría a los pesos siguientes: 1 = 1, 2 + 3 + 4 = 9, 5 = 5 , 6 + 7 = 13, 8 + 9 = 17, 10 = 10, 0 = 0, 11 + 12 = 23). Para este ejemplo el programa debe imprimir en pantalla: > carta para hablado recuperar barbara ha stacy su Especificaciones técnicas:  El programa debe ser desarrollado en el lenguaje Java SE Jdk 1.6  El programa debe por ejecutarse desde una terminal de ms-dos y no debe incluir interfaz gráfica.  Incluir comentarios en el código desarrollado.  Se deben entregar los archivos que resuelven el escenario en un archivo en formato zip con el nombre de tus iniciales. Además del código se debe anexar un documento en word con captura de pantalla de la ejecución.  El archivo en formato zip debes subirlo en la misma sección donde recuperaste este documento. *** IMPORTANTE*** Lo que se considerará relevante es el modelado de clases producto del completo análisis del problema hasta llegar a sus más ínfimos detalles. La impresión en consolar es despreciable y sólo es una prueba de que es posible ejecutarlo. ¡Mucha suerte!

A novel approach for building an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to reconstruct experimental design data using Levenberg-Marquardt optimizer and validating obtained model based on K-fold cross-validation is implemented. In this approach it matters less how the data gets divided, every data point gets to be in test set precisely once and gets to be in a training set (k-1) times. Further, this helps to exclude overfitting of the model on training data and better predictions over unseen data. Moreover, this is the most significant strength and advantage of this approach. Also, by using this approach for validation and Levenberg-Marquardt optimizer two model layers, namely, the input layer consisting of multivariable nodes and the output layer consisting output node, will be conceptually created and validated. The internal layers will be incorporated based on the complexity of the problem. The performance of the obtained model is evaluated using the coefficient of determination. Besides...

Online reviews are a feedback to the product and play a key role in improving the product to cater to
consumers. Online reviews that rely heavily on manual categorization are time consuming and labor
intensive.The recurrent neural network in deep learning can process time series data, while the long and
short term memory network can process long time sequence data well. This has good experimental
verification support in natural language processing, machine translation, speech recognition and language
model.The merits of the extracted data features affect the classification results produced by the classification
model. The LDA topic model adds a priori a posteriori knowledge to classify the data so that the
characteristics of the data can be extracted efficiently.Applied to the classifier can improve accuracy and
efficiency. Two-way long-term and short-term memory networks are variants and extensions of cyclic neural
networks.The deep learning framework Keras uses Tensorflow as the backend to build a convenient two-way
long-term and short-term memory network model, which provides a strong technical support for the
experiment.Using the LDA topic model to extract the keywords needed to train the neural network and
increase the internal relationship between words can improve the learning efficiency of the model. The
experimental results in the same experimental environment are better than the traditional word frequency
features.

Abstrak-The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) adalah masalah optimasi kombinatorial yang sangat populer di dunia nyata. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui jalur terpendek untuk bepergian dengan salesman sementara mengunjungi setiap kota sekali dan kembali ke kota asal. TSP merupakan salah satu masalah NP-Hard dan beberapa upaya telah dilakukan untuk mengatasinya dengan metode tradisional. Metode komputasi memberikan solusi yang lebih baik untuk TSP karena kebanyakan dari mereka didasarkan pada pembelajaran berulang-ulang. Dalam penelitian ini mengusulkan empat teknik optimasi seperti ant colony optimization (ACO), algoritma genetika (GA), teknik hibrida optimasi ant colony (ACO) dan algoritma genetika (GA) dan teknik hibrida ant colony optimization (ACO) dan Cuckoo Seacrh (CS) algoritma diusulkan dan diimplementasikan untuk masalah TSP. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tur terpendek efisien diperoleh dengan algoritma hybrid baru. Key Word: metaheuristik, Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP), Algoritma Genetika (GA), Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), Cuckoo Search (CS)

Electrical and Electronics Engineering: An International Journal (ELELIJ) is a Quarterly peer-reviewed and refereed open access journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of the Electrical and Electronics Engineering. The journal is devoted to the publication of high quality papers on theoretical and practical aspects of Electrical and Electronics Engineering. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia and industry to focus on Electrical and Electronics Engineering advancements, and establishing new collaborations in these areas. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews are invited for publication in all areas of Electrical and Electronics Engineering. Topics of interest include but are not limited to, the following Authors are solicited to contribute to the conference by submitting articles that illustrate research results, projects, surveying works and industrial experiences that describe significant advances in the following areas, but are not limited to  Advanced Power System and Control system  Analog and digital circuit design

Abstract—Artificial neural networks learn how to solve new problems through a computationally intense and time consuming process. One way to reduce the amount of time required is to inject pre-existing knowledge into the network. To make use of past knowledge, we can take advantage of techniques that transfer the knowledge learned from one task, and reuse it on another (sometimes unrelated) task. In this paper we propose a novel selective breeding technique that extends the transfer learning with behavioural genetics approach proposed by Kohli, Magoulas and Thomas (2013), and evaluate its performance on financial data. Numerical evidence demonstrates the credibility of the new approach. We provide insights on the operation of transfer learning and highlight the benefits of using behavioural principles and selective breeding when tackling a set of diverse financial applications problems. Keywords—transfer learning, artificial neural networks, ge-netic algorithms, population studies, ...

The problem of distribution is a classic problem in logistics. The transportation method is a method that is widely used in overcoming these problems. The optimization method is sometimes difficult if directly applied to minimize transportation costs so that the initial solution that is heuristic in nature is needed first even more so if there are many variables. A good initial solution is one that is easily done quickly and approaches the optimal solution. This research offers a new method of finding an initial solution called Zack Algorithm which only has 5 steps that are easy to do. Based on the case study carried out, Zack Algorithm produces the lowest cost which is 0.28% lower than the North West Corner method and 0.15% lower than the Least Cost method.

Determining the optimum tilt angle for PV system based power plants is crucial to be considered when fixing the PV systems. Although the optimum tilt angle is normally close to the latitude value of the location, lots of other factors affect this. So when designing a power plant, it is necessary to take these factors into consideration to maximize the output of those plants. The present paper reviews the main scientific concepts related to solar radiation, the models used to describe the solar radiation properties, and the methods of calculating the optimum tilt angle. The optimum tilt angle for northern Jordan and, as a case study, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST) Campus is then calculated by applying the appropriate methods and models. In addition to that, simulation software is used to calculate the optimum tilt angle and the yield of the power station. Other factors affecting the tilt angle of a PV array are reported and relevant recommendations are given. © 20...