Women's Empowerment

This book illuminates the rhetorical work performed by contemporary representations of a specific type of postfeminist hero who has garnered a lot of cultural capital: women who are smart, capable, physically agile and fit, and proficient with weaponry and technology. Employing critical/cultural and feminist approaches, Heather Hundley, Roberta Chevrette, and Hillary Jones engage with a range of theories including intersectionality, critical race theory, postmodernism, and posthumanism to examine a range of contemporary texts, including Kill Bill, Volumes I and II; The Hunger Games films; Wonder Woman; Atomic Blonde; Proud Mary; The Bionic Woman; Deus Ex; Dark Matter; and Caprica. Contributing to a robust existing conversation about postfeminist media as well as tracing how representation has changed in recent years, Hundley, Chevrette, and Jones contend that portrayals of dangerous dames offer limitations and opportunities for audiences. Specifically, should audiences read these characters as evidence of a postfeminist apocalypse, they may heed warnings of the limited interpretations offered. Yet as more women serve as role models and gain public attention, particularly regarding their assets and abilities, they provide important equipment for living for navigating around patriarchal constraints raised by postfeminism, neoliberalism, and humanism.

Available at:
-Peter Lang
https://www.peterlang.com/document/1057643
-Amazon
https://www.amazon.com/Dangerous-Dames-Representing-Female-Bodied-Postfeminist/dp/1433163012

This paper explores the way in which feminism, whilst trying to achieve gender equality, has increased inequality between women.  It locates the cause of this in feminism's early adoption of Marxist and Engelsian thought and the way in which these two thinkers misconstrued the relationship between private and public domains.

This is the catalogue to an exhibition of the same name, which took place at the Worshipful Company of Mercers and Leeds University Art Gallery. It presents fifty outstanding artworks by fifty British Women artists working between 1900 - 1950. There is an introductory essay by curator, Sacha Llewellyn, and fifty commentaries about each picture by fifty different writers. The exhibition marks the centenary of the Representation of the People's Act, and aims to readdress the dominant 'master' narrative of British art history.

It is sometimes argued that the non-therapeutic, non-consensual alteration of children’s genitals should be discussed in two separate ethical discourses: one for girls (in which such alterations should be termed ‘female genital mutilation’ or FGM), and one for boys (in which such alterations should be termed ‘male circumcision’). In this article, I call into question the moral and empirical basis for such a distinction, and argue that all children—whether female, male, or intersex—should be free from having parts of their genitals removed unless there is a pressing medical indication.

“You can tell the condition of a nation by looking at the status of its women”
- Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru
Despite having a fairly long and enlarged provisions including a host of other laws enacted by the government, the empirical reality tells a quite different story that women’s conditions and human rights situation remains gloomy and marginal. The concept of rights and human rights of women as such particularly in the realm of economic and social rights, has been markedly absent from the Indian Government’s activities and approaches to gender equality (Subramanian, 1995). Thus, women are still subdued in our society, they are still not economically emancipated. Not only developing countries even in developed countries the women are facing similar hurdles in achieving equal status to that of men (Engineer, 1992: 32-33), be it politics, administration, civil service, trade, industries, women are extremely inadequately represented.
Thus this study aims to understand the meaning of empowerment and find the relationship between women empowerment and their livelihood engagement. To be more specific does economic empowerment means overall empowerment or is there need to have a holistic view to study empowerment.

ABSTRACT. In the years following the end of the cold
war in 1989, Western feminist scholars and activists
expressed disappointment in the failure of the newly
democratic Eastern and Central European countries to
sustain mainstream women’s rights movements and
achieve a marked increase in women’s participation
within the new political parties and political life in
general. The authors, historians of Hungarian women’s
movements with a broad East-West perspective, offer a
novel explanation for this phenomenon. Following an
outline of the main stages of Hungarian women’s
movements and women’s political participation, they
focus on two instances in twentieth-century Hungarian
history that resulted in a rapid transition from antidemocratic regimes to liberal, parliamentary systems:
the 1918 bourgeois democratic revolution and the
1990 re-introduction of free parliamentary elections.

DOI 10.1080/08038740410004623

Sun Tzu, an ancient philosopher, warrior, and creator of Art of War is a military expert. His best creation 'Art of War' suggests the strategies to win in the war. According to him, war is not just head to head fight rather brain to brain war. One can't guarantee of winning in the war though he has huge military power, because only physical power can never ensure victory. For this, one needs tactics. Sun Tzu says,' Strategy without tactics is the slowest route to victory. Tactics without strategy is the noise before defeat'. Many academics and military experts opined that Sun Tzu's strategies are not relevant now-a-days. Because some of his war strategies are backdated. For example he suggested to build wall around state's boundary. It's about impossible to build wall around a large territory. But we can connect this idea with the present strategies. Now technology has been so sophisticated. In the present war air strike is most popular. So any country can make air defense to protect its territory. Then it would be much more difficult to break air defense. Thus Sun Tzu's suggestion can be relevant in all time. More over 'Art of War' is being studied in military, politics, business, foreign policy and so on. So importance of Sun Tzu's war strategies can't be ignored anyhow. The documentary on 'Art of War' describes result of Sun Tzu's prediction on war in American civil war, the world war-2, and Vietnam War. In most cases his prediction came true. To Sun Tzu, war is a matter of life and death. It's the matter of survival. So everyone should take it seriously. Sun Tzu's three principles to win in the war: know yourself, know your enemy and in a hundred battles you will never be in peril. We see its application to Napoleon's rule. He could better assume the power of the enemy. That's why he won in most of the war. Sun Tzu says, " To win in 100 battles is not the height of skill to subdue the enemy without fighting is fighting cost lives and money ". Generals should have clear concept about the power of the enemy, his own power, raw materials of the war, weather and food supply for his shoulders. Otherwise they may fall in trouble. What we see in WW-2 from Hitler's perspective. When his shoulders attacked on Russia from Siberia the then weather was not fit for the Hitler's soldiers. They failed to cope with cold weather. At the same time there was not enough food supply for them. That's why many shoulders died due to lack of food. Sun Tzu warned not to war if you don't have sufficient food supply and clear idea about terrain. In Vietnam War, USA partially applied Sun Tzu's advice. They had no fixed objective in the war. They bombed on Vietnam randomly. They killed thousands of unarmed people within a few days. Vietnamese general Vaanu Yangjia let US army to kill as many as possible. They disseminated it worldwide. That's why people's support within USA and abroad went against US politicians. Here Sun Tzu had instructed to accommodate people's support. US citizens burnt US flag in support of Vietnam. In addition, Sun Tzu emphasized on guerrilla war instead of front war that the Vietnamese applied in their war. Moreover Sun Tzu instructed to bring quick result in the war by surrendering enemy that US army had failed. They decided to continue war for long time.

Attention Press and Media: As a known legal and bioethics expert in women's health I have witnessed the reality that many women's health issues are lost in getting national coverage. It is clear that language concepts are essential in the education of the public on complex medical issues. At a recent meeting held at the Jungian Institute in Los Angeles a group of female therapists (all well-educated and not isolated persons), I found that only one woman had heard of morcellation. The rest of the group were horrified and found it difficult to believe me as I discussed the event of morcellation. This incident showed me the failure of our nation to learn about man made medical disasters that have cause pain, suffering, dysfunction and yes, even death of women. In order for one to discuss these issues basic terms are needed to begin with. I recalled my years of philosophy and that language is essential in the transference of information. One cannot report on these topics without having a language that the public can understand. Thus I will be providing new terms so that the press and reporters can use the terms and focus on these stories, for the loss of life is ongoing. Sometimes a term is needed to understand an event in our history. When the term " holocaust " came into use, the world was then capable of grasping the horror. There has been little effort to recognize that these stories all need to be told so that action can take place to change " mayhem and killing practices " .

I am asking you to publish this across the nation. ~ Dr. Vikki Hufnagel, MD

Migration is not a novel occurrence; it has always been a driving force along with civilization. The main catalyst behind the new era of migration is globalization. Migration is a gendered topic, and in previous academic discourse from which women have often been excluded from it. However, the effect of male migration on female spouses in the home country is an area where research has been scarce. It was not until the last decade that attention was shed on female migrants; and the important role they play in international migration. Therefore this study seeks to explore the effect of male migration on female empowerment in Egypt. This is achieved by investigating two aspects; first, whether the control over remittances increases women’s autonomy, and decision-making thus resulting in empowerment. Secondly, the study also focuses on whether male migration results in a change in traditional gender roles. In order to overcome previous shortcomings, this study compares two groups: women from low-income families and women from middle income families. The main methodology used in this study was qualitative, and that was achieved through interviews. This study uses Naila Al Kabeer’s definition of empowerment as a focal point of analysis. According to Al Kabeer, the ability to make choices is made up of three interconnected areas: resources that are defined as not only access, but also future claims to material and human social resources; agency, which is decision-making or the process of defining goals and acting upon them. Resources and agency together make up what Amartya Sen calls capabilities. Capabilities are the possible abilities or potential that individuals have for living the lives the way they actually want. Lastly, achievements, which are the outcomes, reached. The researcher focused on formulating questions for the women that address these three aspects.

Debate position paper, arguing on the side of the Supreme Court's majority opinion in Whole Women's Health (et. al.) v. Hellerstedt. Not necessarily a reflection of my own personal political views.

** NOT A PUBLISHED OR PEER-REVIEWED ARTICLE **

Women's economic empowerment has come to play an increasingly prominent role in the policies of mainstream development agencies. This article draws on fieldwork amongst small-scale traders in southwestern Nigeria to suggest that the capacity of traders to exercise ‘choice’ is more complex than development narratives suggest. Deploying de Certeau's (1984) distinction between strategies and tactics, the article argues that making clear-cut, strategic choices is dependent on having the power to realise them: power that many women in this as in other settings, including those with considerable buying and spending power, are not in a position to fully exercise. Women's struggles for success and survival in this context, the article argues, are waged in domains where their positions as agents are relational, situational, and above all, provisional. As members of families, associations and hearth-holds, their abilities to make active, purposive, choices are constantly reconfigured in relation to these others. ‘Empowerment’ may be defined by mainstream development agencies as a destination, but looking more closely at the experiences of poor women in this setting reveals journeys along pathways that may be pitted with obstacles, in which chance and contingency may play as much of a part as deliberate choice, and for which tactics are needed for survival as well as success. A central argument in this article, then, is for the need to factor contingency into representations of women's working lives in development discourse, which in turn calls for an approach that can accommodate the mediation of agency and the tensions between autonomy and connectedness that course through women's lives.

With the economic position of women in Muslim countries being a regular focus of public attention and a fiercely debated topic amongst academics, few systematic, detailed descriptions and analyses are available. This book presents a new and nuanced exploration of the topic, introducing a theoretical framework that accommodates both women's individual agency as well as cultural, economic, religious, and political forces shaping their position. Collating research findings involving more than 300,000 women in 383 provinces in 28 Muslim countries ranging from the Middle East via Sub-Saharan Africa and Central Asia to Indonesia in Southeast Asia, the book, based on this wealth of data, shows how many women earn a living outside agriculture, how big the differences in employment likelihood really are, and how these differences can be explained. In doing so it addresses topical debates on the role of Islam, modernization, globalization, neocolonialism, educational inequalities, patriarchy, household hierarchies, and more. This is a sample chapter.

In Weihui’s banned novel, _Shanghai Babe_ (1999), the social effects of globalization can be seen in changing ethical discourses concerning what it is to be a responsible citizen, friend or lover. Beginning with a discussion of cosmopolitanism and cultural citizenship, this paper explores how class inequalities and gender hierarchies undercut these ideals. For while the novel celebrates cosmopolitan choice and cultural empowerment, its plot also foregrounds the fragility of interpersonal commitments in the face of market capitalism’s promotion of both a culture of immediate pleasure and an elite culture based on deferred gratification. Similarly, the novel celebrates sexual freedom, but its graphic accounts of the protagonist’s sado-masochistic affair with a married German businessman may leave readers wary of the dangers of transgressing conventional norms.

The aims of the paper to focused the current situation of the tribal women education and the role of women in the society. The tribal women faced various obstacles along with the pathway education of tribal women; therefore for the development of any society the society the education play a major role for its sake; therefore many reasons for the low level of education among the tribal's women. It is generally seen that most of the tribal girls got early marriage due to the pressure of their parents and it is not possible for all tribal girls to continue their further studies. Education is the main key to success of any nation of the country; women are the first teacher of the child in the whole world. At the current time the role of women is considered in all aspect of life. Objective of the study: for this study the main objectives are to discuss the role of tribal women in the society and to describe the issues and challenges of tribal women for their education. Method for the study: The present study qualitative in nature and based on both primary and secondary data. Results and discussions: It is generally seen that the tribal women play a vital role in education and for the Indian society.

The study accessed the media exposure of the women in the community and evaluate the effect of communication in different indicators of women empowerment. It was conducted among women aged above 15 and who are living in the rural community.  The study took place among the selected respondents from five (5) villages in two (2) Upazilas of Sylhet district. Data of the study revealed that the majority of the women in these villages are housewives while 19.4% are earning money from different occupations. Although employment is assumed to go hand in hand with payment for work, not all women receive earnings for the work they do. About 93 percent of employed women are paid in cash only, 4 percent receive both cash and in-kind earnings, 2 percent are paid in kind. In both the study areas, on average, around half of the respondents agree that the husband/ father/relative is justified in hitting or beating his wife for the reasons mentioned above. One in every 3 women in areas agreed that if a wife argues with her husband (32%) or refuses to have sex with him (32.8%), he is justified to hit her. Only 15% of the respondents agreed that beating a wife can be a result of not obeying elders in the family. This study found that around 47% of respondents can watch TV, listen to the radio. As the literacy rate is very low here, only around 3% have access to newspapers. 21.8% depend on verbal communication with the elderly/neighbor or other people to get any information. Most of the respondents reported using mobile or the internet for communicating with their relatives (98%) or business clients (97%). 69.3% of women use technology to know the local market and to get ideas about the new products. 42.2% of entrepreneur women use technology to know about fecundity, disease information, and firming techniques. Only 7% of them use technology to expand their business.

Prepared by Women for Women’s Human Rights - New Ways, Women’s Solidarity Foundation, Foundation for Women’s Solidarity, Women’s Coalition - International Working Group, Association for Struggle Against Sexual Violence, Purple Roof Women’s Shelter Foundation, Equality Monitoring Women’s Group, YERELİZ - Local Monitoring, Research and Implementation Association, this alternative report aims to present a civil society perspective, from a gender equality and empowerment of women and girls framework, on Turkey’s implementation of Agenda 2030 and the SDGs.

The focus of the study is to highlight the problems of working women in formal sector in Bahawalnagar. Sample of 100 formally employed women are selected from four public sector departments as 20 police women, 40 nurses, 20 school teachers and 20 college lecturers using stratified random sampling. Descriptive analysis is used for highlighting the problems faced by working women in said departments. Results reveal that police women are facing low social status and non-recognition of their jobs. Nurses face unscheduled working hours and low wages and school teachers want higher wages for their work. Unavailability of transport is also a major problem to all formally employed women in our sample.

The prevailing international legal framework in North Macedonia has a certain key role in the process of shaping an up-to-date, democratic society in which gender equality is perceived as one of the foundational principles. Consequently, a continuous ratification and harmonization of international legal standards in relation of the overall state of gender equality in North Macedonia’s labour market needs to be maintained and improved on a regular basis, remarking that the development of legal framework in relation to international norms is a key element in order to give equal opportunities to each individual on the labour market, entirely respecting their gender identity. With the intention of comprehending today’s position of women in North Macedonia’s
labour market, it is crucial to generate a brief analysis of relevant ratified international legal framework that principally supports and improves the general enhancement in several fields, such as anti-discrimination, transparency, inclusion and gender equality.

Keywords: gender equality, labour market, equal opportunities, equal pay, domestic legislation,
international legal framework

Microfinance in India flows to the target group with the help of diverse institutions that involve banks, government agencies, and non-government organizations. The concept of microfinance was introduced in India especially for the benefit of poor rural clients demanding credit to fulfil their needs. Self-Help Groups (SHGs) formed under microfinance programmes are self-sustaining and help nurture leadership qualities in women. The scheme of microfinance through SHGs empowers via promoting favourable conditions for women whereby they can have the opportunity to have a say in decision making and take other important decisions for the benefit of the group members. Women under SHGs are now proving themselves as transformational leaders by adding new dimensions to the personality of rural women. Having emerged as successful leaders, they have been transforming lives of many including their families. This study is based on a primary survey where support from secondary sources has also been taken. A schedule was used to collect primary information, nevertheless, secondary data have also been used to support and supplement the objectives and thus to get an insight into the status of disbursement of credit to SHGs through Bank-linkage programme in India. This study will not only help to analyse success of financial inclusion programmes like microfinance, but also to offer us an insight as to how deeply the programme has affected lives of rural people especially women in particular.

Women's Voices is an introductory course that explores the viewpoint of women writers, filmmakers, poets, storytellers, and activists in a variety of genres from differing cultural locations and times in order to learn more about the particular positions of women in society and the way social location affects voice, perspective, experience, and storytelling. In addition, this course prepares students to foster critical reading and thinking skills, which will encourage us to think more deeply about our lives and how the interlocking systems of racism, sexism, and heterosexism shape our world. We will examine how individuals have resisted inequalities, worked to create new systems of change, and engaged in national and global transformational politics. Although the focus of the course is women's experiences, we will question what the term " woman " actually means by expanding the category to include a range of diverse perspectives. We will consider women, men, and non-binary individuals equally as agents of change whose lives and artistic productions have impacted the direction of feminism, culture, and storytelling on a wider scale.

Plus souvent qu'on pourrait si attendre, des féministes suggèrent qu'il faudrait que plus d'hommes se joignent à leur lutte pour la liberté des femmes et l'égaité entre les sexes. Certaines féministes appellent aussi les hommes à s'engager dans leur mouvement car elles considèrent que le féminisme est bon pour les hommes et pourrait même les libérer des contraintes psychologiques et culturelles que leur imposeraient le patriarcat et le sexisme (c'est, entre autres, la position de bell hooks [2004]). D'autres restent sceptiques face aux hommes qui se disent sympathiques au féminisme, puisque tous les hommes tirent avantage, d'une manière ou d'une autre, du patriarcat et que ces « alliés » ne font souvent que reproduire la domination masculine au sein des réseaux féministes (Blais 2008; Delphy 1998). Du côté des hommes qui s'identifient comme «proféministes» ou même «féministes», nous nous contentons le plus souvent de nous déclarer pour l'égalité entre les sexes et de déployer quelques efforts pour être respectueux envers les femmes et pour effectuer un peu plus de tâches domestiques et parentales que les autres hommes. Peu nombreux sont ceux qui se mobilisent activement dans les réseaux militants et féministes. Ainsi, trop souvent, les hommes proféministes parlent au nom des féministes, tirent avantage de leur engagement (notoriété, légitimité, etc.) et peuvent aussi harceler et agresser sexuellement des militantes

Woman's Theology - Black Women's Awakening is a chapter in the book Perspectives on Black Theology. Black Women have long been disenfranchised in our American society. Realizing the program format of Feminist nor the objectives of Black Theology adequately address the needs of Black women, Black women scholars created a organizational format that better served the needs of Black women in American Society. The contributions and value of Black women have long been ignored. Defining the roles of black women in American society was done by white society without giving consideration to the value of Black Women. This chapter of the book "Perspectives on Black Theology" gives insight into the foundation of Womanist Theology, Black women's interest to self-define and recommends strategies for Womanist to achieve the goals they seek to accomplish.

Please note: Due to technical difficulties, I have uploaded the pre-print draft. It is identical to the final, published paper.

Described in its back-cover blurb as groundbreaking, this book shines a light on the experiences and perspectives of women in a wide variety of Buddhist communities and societies around the world and across the centuries. In doing so, Buddhist Feminisms and Femininities seeks to expand the reader’s understanding of feminism - and indeed, what it means to be female.

Land Reform and Expropriation from Female Owners (1962-1972); Western Iran Case Study
Goal: the general aim of the present paper is to outline the evolution of female landlords during Land reform revisions. We want to show why and how expropriation of possession from women happened and its consequences.
Methodology: The present study uses a qualitative approach. Data were gathered based on library documents and resources and in accordance with targeted sampling. For data analysis, grounded theory method was used.
Findings: Findings reveal that over the process of Land reform women were denied ownership in a large scale. The major reasons for expropriation from women were: the Law of Land reform, absence of female owners, quota and quota-setting which was considered a masculine right by convention in rural communities, and finally the collapse of the lord-servant system. Expropriation from women had various implications. For example, submission and subjection of rural women, inequality of rural-urban women, self-burning of rural women and expansion of legal possession were all among the consequences of removing women from land ownership in rural

In the name of Allah (swt), Most Gracious, Most Merciful. Praise be to Allah (swt), blessings and greetings be on His Messenger and his family, his Companions and whoever follows his guidance. The stance of Islam regarding certain issues relating to women and family has remained a hot subject of debate, especially in the last few centuries. While some felt that the subject had already been given a lot of attention, to me, the attention has not been enough! Hence, this year topic will be on women specifically, it will focus on married women. This lecture will provide necessary references from the Qur'an and Hadith with regard to the behaviour of a wife and to consider these within the context of the Islamic view of marriage. This lecture, my hope, is expected to guide both the married women and young girls who will soon get married on what it takes to be a good Muslim wife.

Mémoire d'étude, sous la direction de Monsieur Denis Bruna.

Cette étude propose de revenir sur le lieu commun qui érige au XXe siècle la transition de l'illustration de mode à la photographie de mode, en lui redonnant toute sa dimension. Les premières photographies de mode, qui apparaissent peu après l'invention du médium, manifestent une forte influence de l'illustration de mode, en vogue dans la presse. Ensuite, à partir du début du XXe siècle, l'illustration, en plein âge d'or, se voit rattraper par la photographie de mode. Le photoreportage de mode en  consiste  une  extension,  fixant  sur  l'objectif  des  modèles  sur  les  lieux  de villégiature,  et  annoncent  l'émancipation  de  la  femme.  En  fin  de  compte,  la divulgation  de  la  photographie  de  mode,  qui  s'accompagne  de  sa  légitimation progressive, s'installe dans les années 1930 face à une illustration de mode toujours surreprésentée. C'est pourquoi l'objectif de cette investigation vise à démontrer en quoi les photographies de mondanités ont opéré la transition d'un médium à unautre, tout en dégageant les principaux enjeux.

The Information and Communication Technology (ICT) revolution has not only opened up new opportunities for economic growth and social development but has also posed problems and challenges. It can shape and enhance a wide range of developmental applications in agriculture, industry and social sectors and is influencing all sections of the society. ICT provides unique opportunities for human development. At the same time, ICT has been widening the gaps between and within countries, regions, gender while increasing disparities divide between the rural-urban, rich-poor, elite neglected and also within the different categories of women in various spheres of activity. It is necessary to build up women capacities to involve them in productive activities, institutional building, family and social transformation, decision-making process, political representation, trade and commerce, entrepreneurial development and social leadership. There is a need to enhance opportunities to women to enable them to own, manage and control industries and service enterprises including IT-based units. There is also need to provide more opportunities in e-related sectors to them in higher managerial, technical positions in government and non-government agencies, research, educational institutions in private and public sectors, without confining their role to only call centres, telecentres, data-entry level and lower levels in the organizations. ICT has to address all these problems of women as a whole and has to be used to facilitate to build women empowered society.

Planning for a Baby:  https://youtu.be/2iwLh6XCnq8

Pregnancy with IBD: https://youtu.be/br0kciD8xJk

Motherhood with IBD: https://youtu.be/TQjt8pnMv4I


Our aim is to provide an understanding of the experience of women with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who have made the transition to motherhood. A total of 22 mothers with IBD were recruited from around the United Kingdom. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and analyzed using thematic analysis. The central concept—Blurred Lines—offers a novel frame for understanding the transition to motherhood with IBD through identifying parallels between having IBD and becoming, and being, a mother. Parallels clustered into three main themes: Need for Readiness, Lifestyle Changes, and Monitoring Personal and Physical Development. Hence, women with IBD are in some ways well prepared for the challenges of motherhood even though, as a group, they tend to restrict their reproductive choices. We recommend health professionals initiate conversations about reproduction early and provide a multidisciplinary approach to pregnancy and IBD in which women have confidence that their ongoing treatment will be integrated successfully with their maternity care.

PALABRAS CLAVE: Homeland, Sully, Clint Eastwood, locura, compromiso,
héroe

Mediante el análisis de algunas escenas seleccionadas del último capítulo de la sexta temporada de Homeland y de la película Sully, reflexiono sobre el origen etimológico del término “compromiso” y su relación con la figura del héroe. ¿Son ámbitos diferenciados, irreconciliables o, en momentos determinados, él héroe puede lidiar con cierta locura que implicaría la realización del acto heroico, de un compromiso con su sociedad?.

KEYWORDS: Homeland, Sully, Clint Eastwood, madness, engagement, hero

Through the analysis of selected scenes from the last chapter of Homeland's sixth season and the film Sully, I reflect on the etymological origin of the term “commitment” and its relation to the hero‟s character. Do they belong to different or irreconcilable areas, or at certain moments, can the hero deal with a certain madness that would imply the accomplishment of the heroic act, of a commitment to his/her society?.

Encouraging women as entrepreneurs in the recent scenario are the government initiative over the globe. Some women started these small enterprises to support their living and their families, however, the commitments are minor and significant numbers of projects are probably not increasing in the long run. Thus, the current study aims to explore the factors contributing in motive behind female entrepreneurship to participate in the economic development as an effective entrepreneur by leading a successful business based on their specifics characteristics. Using factor analysis with the data of 80 female entrepreneurs, the study concluded that there are nine indicators that contribute significantly to become a successful entrepreneur. Therefore, the current study suggests that there must be a ceaseless effort to move, stimulate and coordinate with women entrepreneur while developing the policies to promote women in business meanwhile, women itself need to attempt and update themselves inside the changing over occasions by methods for adjusting the pristine time benefits. Women ought to be taught and talented persistently to assemble the capacities and information in the greater part of the viable districts of business administration. This will encourage women to exceed expectations in choice-making process and expand a decent business.