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Theory of Levelling

Levelling is a surveying process used to transfer heights between points and establish elevations for engineering projects like buildings, roads, and maps. It involves taking level readings from an instrument either at a single location, called one-set-up levelling, or from multiple stations if some points cannot be seen from one spot. Basic leveling definitions include backsight, the first staff reading after setting up the instrument, foresight, the last reading before moving to another location, and intermediate sights, all readings between backsight and foresight.

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5K views1 page

Theory of Levelling

Levelling is a surveying process used to transfer heights between points and establish elevations for engineering projects like buildings, roads, and maps. It involves taking level readings from an instrument either at a single location, called one-set-up levelling, or from multiple stations if some points cannot be seen from one spot. Basic leveling definitions include backsight, the first staff reading after setting up the instrument, foresight, the last reading before moving to another location, and intermediate sights, all readings between backsight and foresight.

Uploaded by

U Mad BRo
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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THEORY OF LEVELLING

Levelling is a process of transferring height of a datum from one point to another. It is used in engineering to establish building elevations, layout of highways, determinations of flood plains, calculate volumes in earthwork, design and layout of sewage and water lines, develop topographic maps, and student crustal-earth movements. Levelling operations is a level readings can be taken either from one location (one-set-up levelling) or from various stations, if some points of interest are not visible. A level survey can be used for setting-out purposes, the presentation of soil profiles etc., as will be discussed later in the subject. Basic definitions of Backsight (BS) : first staff reading taken immediately after setting up the instrument. Foresight (FS) : last staff reading taken before moving the instrument to another location. Intermediate sight (IS): all readings taken between a BS and FS. So if the instrument is set up at one location only, there will be just one BS (first reading to a TBM). One FS (last reading) and several IS.

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