Environment Impact Assessment

&
Environment Management Plan Report
Dankuni is a fast-growing industrial township near Kolkata, India. The town is part of the
Hooghly District, in the State of West Bengal. It is a part of the area covered by Kolkata
Metropolitan Development Authority. It is well-reachable by road or trains from both Howrah
Station and Sealdah Station. Dankuni Junction rail station is 15 km from Howrah Station.
Nearest Airport is Dum Dum, situated 20 Km from Dankuni.
Both NH 2 and NH 6 terminate at Dankuni. The PalsitDankuni section of NH 2 is also
referred to as Durgapur Expressway. Other major arteries meeting at Dankuni are Belghoria
Expressway connecting to NH 34 and the DankuniMemari Delhi Road. Dankuni railway
station is located on the Howrah-Bardhaman chord, which was constructed in 1917. The
Calcutta Chord from Dum Dum to Dankuni over the Willingdon Bridge (renamed Vivekananda
Bridge) was opened in 1932.It is part of the Kolkata Suburban Railway system. Already, there
is a growing presence of freight and wagon movements around Dankuni Railway Station,
which is important as it connects Eastern Railway with South Eastern Railway with a link line.
Dankuni has a fast growing freight yard, where goods traffic is moved, sorted, and packed to
deliver at other destinations. In the future, Dankuni will play a significant role because it will
be the endpoint of the Ludhiana-Dankuni leg of the Dedicated Freight Corridor that is being
built by Indian Railways. Traffic, especially that of freight will continue to grow and will
positively impact the railways.

About Project
A Locomotive Factory for Railways is proposed to be set up at Dankuni. RAIL VIKASNIGAM
LIMITED (RVNL), a Special Purpose Vehicle Company under the Companies Act, 1956,
established by the Ministry of Railways, Govt. of India. Rail Vikas Nigam Limited proposed
construction of sheds, structures, water supply, arrangement, sewerage, drainage, roads,
track, S&T, power supply arrangement, general electrical and OHE works and supply,
erection & commissioning of machinery & plant in connection with setting up of electric
locomotives factory at Dankuni, West Bengal, India.
The concept / design of the proposed factory was undertaken by Railways way back and this
project was sanctioned in 2009-10. Rail Vikas Nigam Ltd (RVNL) awarded the contract for
construction of the factory to M/s Simplex Infrastructures Ltd. Simplex House 27, Shakespear

Sarani, Kolkata 700017 for Rs 146.44 Crores vide Notification of Award No.
RVNL/KOL/CLW/DKAE/1/1876 Dated 02.10.2012. The factory will manufacture components
for diesel locomotives built at Diesel Locomotive Works, Varanasi.
The scope of work given in the construction agreement is as under,
Section 5(28 of 99)
4.18 Protection of
the

The Contractor shall take all reasonable steps to protect the environment
(both on and off the Site) and to limit damage and nuisance to people and

Environment property resulting from pollution, noise and other results of his
operations.
The Contractor shall ensure that emissions, surface discharges and
effluent from the Contractor's activities shall not exceed the values stated
in the Specification or prescribed by applicable Laws.

The work of the Project Management Consultancy for this Construction work was awarded to
M/s

DATA

TECHNOSYS

(Engineers)

Pvt

ltd

vide

Notification

of

Award

No.RVNL/KOLKATA/CLW/950 Dated 02.08.2013and it is under the scope of work of the PMC

Contract this report is being prepared and submitted.
The scope of work given in the consultancy agreement is as under,
Para 3.2 (vii) , Section 4 ( 5 of 48) - Implementation of environmental mitigation measures;
Para 3.2 (xx1) , Section 4 ( 7 of 48) - All mandatory testing as per the codal provision and
instructions for P. way, signalling& electrical work and Environmental monitoring Plan are being
conducted and records of such test be preserved for future."
Section 4 ( 10 of 48) - clause 4.2.5 Environmental Issues:
Monitoring of environmental mitigation measures as per Chapter 6 of Section 6 Employers
requirement of the execution contract bid document. The brief descriptions of the Environmental
issues / requirements are as under
1. Provide technical guidance to the contractor for implementation of the EMP and
preparation of checklists / formats / reports etc.
2. Conduct regular monitoring of the implementation of the EMP by the contractor.
3. Conduct regular monitoring of environmental quality (air, water, noise, soil) in and
around the construction site as given in the EMOP (Environmental Monitoring Program
in the IEE report, and maintain records for the same.
Section 4 ( 14 of 48) - clause 5.3 Project Control: - The consultant shall monitor the project
covering all aspects of the project - Environmental matters
Section 4 ( 22 of 48) - clause 7.3.1 (ii)

Environmental Expert: He shall:

Provide technical guidance to the contractor for implementation of the EMP and preparation
of checklists / formats / reports etc.
(a) Conduct regular monitoring of the implementation of the EMP by the contractor.
(b) Conduct regular monitoring of environmental quality (air, water, noise, soil) in and
around the construction site as given in the EMoP (Environmental Monitoring Plan) in
the IEE report.
The breakdown structure of this project i.e.Setting up of electric locomotives factory at
Dankunias a whole is as under,

We are at the execution stage where the main role is to monitor and control the Environmental
aspects, beside other engineering input, based on previous reports / established documents and
Government Policies / rules for the said project.
Construction process is invariably involving disturbance of the existing physical environment
in the vicinity it is undergoing. During this process, residues in the form of wastes will be
formed. If the residues are not properly disposed off / recycled/ re-utilized they become waste
and have to be discharged into environment as pollutants. The degree to which the pollutants
affect the physical environment depends upon their quantitative and qualitative characteristics
as well as that of the receiving media. However, as a general rule any Construction/
development process is accompanied by some environmental problems. Proper planning at the

conceptual stages can minimize many of these problems. Once the physical environment is
affected badly it becomes difficult and expensive to retrofit pollution control equipment, as
such incorporation of the same at conceptual stage itself is the best alternative. We presume that
at the conceptual stage this has been properly addressed and covered so that later on when this
production unit will come into force no eventuality so far as environmental issues are
concerned is faced. However as it is beyond our scope of the work so we are not required to
study / comment on the same.
So far as construction phase of the project is concerned a number of acts, rules and ambient
standards exist under the Government of India (GOI) which will help to ensure that the program
will be implemented in an environmentally safe and friendly manner. Key policies that this
project is subjected to comply with are:

The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986;

The Environmental Impact Assessment Notification, 2006 and its amendment in 2009;

Environmental Impact Assessment Guidelines for Rail, Road and Highways Projects,
1989;

Forest Conservation Act 1980 (Amended 1988) and Rules (1981 Amended 2003);

Wildlife Protection) Act, 1972 (Amended 1993);

Water Prevention and Control of Pollution Act 1972 (Amended 1988) and its Rules 1974;

Air Prevention and Control of Pollution Act, 1981, (Amended 1987) and its Rules 1982;

Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 (Amended 2002);

Hazardous Waste Management, Handling and Trans boundary Movement Rules 2008
(Amended 2009), and Batteries Management and Handling Rules 2001.

These Acts and Regulations envisage that:

i. No environmental clearance is required for railway projects. However, periodic review
will be made of amendments if any in this notification, for the applicability and need of
environmental clearance for railways project.
ii. Forest clearance from Department of Forests is required for diversion of forest land for
non-forest purpose. Prior permission is required from forests department to carry out any
work within the forest areas and felling of rail side trees. Cutting of trees need to be
compensated by compensatory afforestation as per the requirement of forest department.
Not applicable in the present case.
iii. Placement of hot-mix plants, quarrying and crushers, batch mixing plants, discharge of
sewage from construction camps requires No Objection Certificate (Consent to Establish
& Consent to Operate) from State Pollution Control Board prior to establishment.

iv. Permission from Central Ground Water Authority is required for extracting ground water
for construction purposes, from areas declared as critical or semi critical from ground
water potential prospective by them.
The Executing Agency (EA) for the program is the Ministry of Railways (MOR) and the
Implementing Agency (IA) is the Railway Vikas Nigam Limited (RVNL) under the
Government of India.
DEFINITION OF EIA / EMP & EMS
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a study to identify, predict, evaluate and
communicate information about the impacts on the environment of a proposed project and to
detail the mitigating measures prior to project approval and implementation
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a planning tool generally accepted as an
integral component of sound decision-making. EIA is to give the environment its due place in
the decision-making process by clearly evaluating the environmental consequences of the
proposed activity before action is taken. Early identification and characterization of critical
environmental impacts allow the public and the government to form a view about the
environmental acceptability of a proposed developmental project and what conditions should
apply to mitigate or reduce those risks and impacts.
EIA is analysis of issues and recommendations EIA is documented in an Environmental
Assessment Report (EA Report)
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT (EA)
Objective
To identify or obtain information on any relevant environmental impact that the
construction project may cause.
Suggested measures

Identify sensitive environmental areas or uses that may be affected by construction

activities.

Identify whether residents adjacent to the site could be affected by pollution from
construction activities or suffer reduced amenity.

Monitor baseline air and water quality and ambient noise levels adjacent to the
construction site.

Conduct an assessment of expected noise levels from construction activities which

may affect the surrounding community.

Conduct a desk study to identify potentially contaminated sites in the construction

area, and sample and analyse soils that are suspected of being contaminated before
construction commences.

The EIA mechanism shall be applied to the project in the following order of priority:

Avoid adverse environmental impact

Minimize and control adverse environmental impact

Mitigate adverse environmental impact

The implementation of measures designed to reduce the undesirable effects of a proposed

action on the environment is called Mitigation.
Different types of Mitigation measures act in different ways to reduce adverse impacts:

Type of measure
Prevention &

How it works
Fully

or

partially

prevent

Examples
an PREVENT contamination of wells,

Control measures impact/reduce a risk by:

Compensatory
measures

by SITING

wells

minimum

Changing means or technique

distance from latrines.

Changing the site

OPERATE wastewater treatment

Specifying operating practices

system for a coffee-washing station.

Offset adverse impacts in one area Plant trees in a new location to

with improvements elsewhere

COMPENSATE

for

clearing

construction site.
Remediation
measures

Repair or restore the environment Re-grade and replant a borrow pit

after damage is done.

after construction is finished

Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is a site-specific plan developed to ensure that all
necessary measures are identified and implemented in order to protect the environment and
comply with environmental legislation. EMP is an action plan based on results of EIA
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
Objective
To develop an environmental management plan to reduce the adverse impact of
construction activities on the environment.
Suggested measures

A environmental management system should be in place, as a pre-requisite to

preparing an environmental management plan.

Prepare an environmental control plan for defined segments of the site for large sites,
or a whole-of-site plan for smaller sites.

The plan should implement the risk management action plan, include detailed
specifications on site-specific controls and include a rehabilitation program in the
plan.

Base the measures in the plan on best practice.

Update the plan to meet new risks or where inspections, monitoring or audit reveal
that measures are ineffective.

Update the plan to achieve ongoing improvement

Environmental monitoring is a necessary complement to mitigation. It should be a normal

part of monitoring project results.
Environmental monitoring is,

Systematic measurement of key environmental indicators over time, within a

particular geographic area

Systematic evaluation of the implementation of mitigation measures

Mitigation & Monitoring are a critical part of environmentally sound design:

Mitigation minimizes adverse environmental impacts & Monitoring confirms that mitigation
measures are sufficient & effective.
Mitigation and monitoring for an activity is defined by the Mitigation and Monitoring (or

M&M) Plan(also called an Environmental Management Plan, or EMP)

The EIA reports which must have been prepared along with Project Conception to
Sanctioning stage were not available nor do any comments on the same comes under the
preview of this Consultancy so they are not commented at this stage.
However in general in my view no significant or adverse environmental impacts are
anticipated during construction stage and what so ever minimum effect will arise will be
temporary in nature.
The environmental impacts related with the project are manageable, however monitoring the
EMP implementation and environmental conditions needs to be done systematically to ensure
mitigation of any unexpected environmental impacts.
No significant impacts are anticipated on biodiversity or physical cultural resources because
the land used was already in railway use. Impacts are primarily from construction activities
and transportation of construction material. It has been made mandatory for the contractor to
adopt safe construction practices and ensure use of requisite personnel protective equipment
to protect occupational health of labour and communities around the construction sites.
The costs for environment related issues are included under the contractors construction
costs & Cost for monitoring the EMP is included in the PMC contract.

The implementation agency (IA) i.e. RVNL is to help Construction agency who is fully
responsible to ensure to obtain necessary consents or permissions (e.g. environmental
clearance, forest clearance, and water board clearance) from relevant Government Agencies.
RVNL is also to ensure that all necessary regulatory clearances are obtained prior to
commencing any civil work of the project. It will also to be ensured that the EMP which
include required mitigation measures and monitoring requirements are properly followed by
the contract-ting agency. This is also to be ensured that construction workers work under safe
and healthy working environment.
For the effective and consistent functioning of the project, an Environmental Management
System (EMS) is to be established at the site. The EMS should include the following:
i. An Environmental management cell
ii. Environmental Monitoring
iii. Personnel Training
iv. Regular Environmental Audits and Corrective Action
v. Documentation Standard operating procedures Environmental Management Plans
and other records
Apart from having an Environmental Management Plan (EMP), it is also necessary to have a
permanent organizational set up charged with the task of ensuring its effective implementation of
mitigation measures and to conduct environmental monitoring. The major duties and
responsibilities of Environmental Management Cell shall be as given below:
i.

To implement the environmental management plan,

ii.

To assure regulatory compliance with all relevant rules and regulations,

iii.

To ensure regular operation and maintenance of pollution control devices,

iv.

To minimize environmental impacts of operations as by strict adherence to the EMP,

v.

To initiate environmental monitoring as per approved schedule.

vi.

Review and interpretation of monitored results and corrective measures in case monitored
results are above the specified limit.

vii.

Maintain documentation of good environmental practices and applicable environmental

laws as ready reference.

viii.

Maintain environmental related records.

ix.

Coordination with regulatory agencies, external consultants, monitoring laboratories.

x.

Maintain of log of public complaints and the action taken

The purpose of environmental monitoring is to evaluate the effectiveness of implementation of

Environmental Management Plan (EMP) by periodically monitoring the important environmental

parameters within the impact area, so that any adverse affects are detected and timely action can
be taken.

Description of the Site:

The land identified for the proposed project is 42 acres. The major portion of land acquired for
the proposed site is unpopulated, partially cultivated, with some thorny bushes and has no forest
land. General soil characteristics are suitable for installation of the plant. There are no national
parks, wildlife sanctuaries, archaeological sites, military areas/establishments, airports, in the
study area.
Under this it is required to monitor ambient air quality, noise levels, groundwater quality, and
solid wastes in accordance with an approved monitoring schedule. The monitoring protocol and
location selection will have to done carefully. A suggested monitoring protocol, based on the
expected impacts is as under,
At start of the project a basic base line survey of the main factors i.e Ambient Air
Quality, Ambient Noise, Surface Water Quality and Ground Water Quality and depth of Water Table
should have been conducted by Construction agency. It appears that the same is missing. The project is at
quite initial stage so this is the first responsibility of the construction agency to arrange this tests / survey
for generation of base line data with respect to present air quality, water quality, noise level, soil

quality, ecology, socio-economic and meteorology etc by some competent agency and submit report
for record and future comparison to study / establish the effect of construction activities on environment.
Afterwards for the effective monitoring the following tests should be conducted periodically and report be
submitted for critical analysis and recommendations suggestion so that environmental impact is within
controllable / permissible limits.

Suggested Monitoring Program

Sl.
No
1

Type

Location

Parameters

Period & Frequency

Ambient Air

Project Site in y

Criteria Pollutants:

24-hr average samples

Quality

axis

SO2, NOx, PM10, PM2.5,

twice in a week during

HC,CO,

Construction

dB(A) levels

Hourly reading taken for

Ambient Noise

Surface Water Quality

Project Site and

around the project

24 hours (Leq) during

site at 5 locations

Construction

3 stations around

Physical and chemical

project Site

Parameters.
Bacteriological
parameters.

Once a month.

Once in a year

Heavy metals and toxic

Once in 3 months

constituents.
4

Ground Water Quality and

3 stations in and

Physical and chemical

depth of Water Table

aroun project Site

Parameters

Once a month.

Total Organic matter

concentration
Bacteriological

Once in a month

parameters.
Heavy metals and toxic

Once in 3 months

constituents.

OBJECTIVE OF EIA AND EMP REPORT

The aim of this EIA study report is to take stock of the prevailing quality of environment, to
assess the impacts of construction activities on environment

and

to

build

appropriate

environmental control measures to minimize adverse impacts and to maximize beneficial

impacts. The following major objectives have been considered:

Assess the existing status of environment.

Assess the impacts due to the proposed activity.

Suggest pollution control and ameliorative measures.

Prepare an action plan for implementation of suggested ameliorative measures.

Suggest a monitoring programme to assess the efficacy of the various adopted

environmental control measures.

The first step in environmental impact assessment is to list all the potentially significant
environmental impacts. These are then examined critically and the major impacts (both negative
and positive) are analyzed in detail for the EIA.

Scope of the Study

The scope of the study broadly includes:
a) Collection of base-line data on Physico-chemical, ecological and socio-economic
aspects of environment considering the following attributes:

 Meteorology
 Air Pollution
 Noise Pollution
 Water Pollution (both Surface and Ground Water)
 Soil Characteristics
 Ecology (Flora and Fauna)
 Socio-economics

b)Evaluation of incremental levels of pollutants in the study area due to the proposed
project.
a) Prediction of impacts on the various environmental attributes by using scientifically
developed and widely accepted environmental impact assessment methodologies.
b) Preparation of Environment Management Plan (EMP) to mitigate the predicted
Impacts.
c) Identification of critical environmental attributes required to be monitored during the
project execution and to suggest post project monitoring.
d) Identification and assessment of risk and hazard associated with the activities of the
proposed plant.

Methodology for EIA

The study comprises collection of relevant data. The study should covers at least an area of 10
km. radius around the proposed project site. The study covers the aspects of air, water, noise,
biological environment, and meteorology, demographic and socio-economic features of the study
area.
Meteorology
The meteorological parameters such as wind speed, wind direction, temperature, humidity and
rainfall were collected which were from the nearest IMD observatory of Alipore. As per
collected data the Maximum temperature in the area is 35C in April / May and minimum
temperature 14C in December January. As per local IMD station at Alipore, the average annual
rainfall is 1821.8mm, and most of it is during the monsoon season, which lasts from June ends to
September. The relative humidity varies from 21 to 87%. The prevailing wind direction is SW
and, N, NE while mean wind speed is around 5.3 and 5.6 m/s in December and January
respectively.
CLIMATOLOGICAL TABLE
PERIOD: 1971-2000
Mean

Mean

Mean

Total

Number

Daily

Rainfall

of Rainy

(mm)

Days

Temperature( C)
Month
Daily

Minimum Maximum

Mean Number of days with

HAIL Thunder

FOG SQUALL

Jan

14.0

26.1

11.7

1.0

0.0

1.0

7.4

0.0

Feb

17.3

29.1

30.7

2.0

0.1

2.5

4.0

0.5

Mar

21.9

33.5

38.2

2.2

0.0

3.8

1.3

1.1

Apr

25.1

35.4

58.8

3.5

0.2

7.1

0.1

2.7

May

26.2

35.3

136.6

7.2

0.0

9.9

0.1

3.4

Jun

26.6

33.9

283.5

12.7

0.0

11.7

0.0

1.4

Jul

26.3

32.4

399.9

17.7

0.0

12.5

0.0

0.5

Aug

26.2

32.1

352.4

17.0

0.0

12.2

0.0

0.3

Sep

25.9

32.3

312.6

13.6

0.0

14.8

0.1

0.3

Oct

24.1

32.3

157.8

6.8

0.0

7.0

0.6

0.1

Nov

19.7

30.2

30.7

1.3

0.0

0.4

1.3

0.0

Dec

14.7

27.0

8.8

0.6

0.0

0.2

4.8

0.0

Annual

22.3

31.6

1821.8

85.6

0.2

82.9

19.5

10.2

IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES

The construction and operational phase of the proposed project comprises various activities each
of which may have an impact on environmental parameters. Various impacts during the
construction on the environment have been studied to estimate the impact on the environmental
attributes and are discussed in the subsequent sections. The probable impacts of each of these
activities on various sectors of environment have been mentioned here.
The impact during construction will be localized and short term with permanent changes in the
land use of project site as compared to the current conditions. Impact will be primarily related to
the civil works and less intensive impact is expected during erection of the equipment and trial
operation. The details of the activities and probable impact are discussed blow.

Impact on Land-use
The land identified for the proposed plant is 42 Acres. Land-use and land-cover of the proposed
plant area will be changed into industrial land use and the changes will be permanent in nature.
Thus construction activity will bring in certain immediate changes in the land use pattern of the
proposed project area. The major portion of land acquired for proposed site is unpopulated, with
some thorny bushes and has no forest land, so the impact on land use pattern will be minor.
Impact on Land
Soil disturbances and impacts on local geology will occur mainly because of site preparation
activities and disposal of excavated or scrapped materials. Secondary effects may occur due to
erosion and windblown fugitive soil. The soil layer will also be disturbed because of the
proposed activity.

 Temporary labor colonies, with adequate potable water and sanitary facilities shall
be provided in the areas already acquired for the project.

 This will be only a temporary change (restricted to construction period). After

construction phase is over, the area acquired by labor colonies shall be reverted
back as per the requirement for other purposes.
The Potential Sources of impact and Mitigation Measures on land environment are
highlighted in the following Table .
Potential Environmental Impacts on Land Environment
Activity

Evaluation

Potential Environmental Impacts

Construc

Potential Source of a. Disposal of construction debris.

tion

Impact

Phase

Controls

b. Waste handling
through Construction debris will be collected and

EMP & Design

suitably used on-site as per construction waste

management plan.

Impact Evaluation

Impact will be local as any waste generated

will be reused for construction activities.
Impact is insignificant.

Impact on Soil
All major construction activities tend to create certain changes in the soil of the core area.
Excavation denudes the topsoil and makes it loose. Destruction of topsoil leads to
reduction of fertility and removal of vegetation cover with associated hazards of the soil
erosion. During storms, some of the excavated soil and construction material such as
sand etc. would be blown up in the air and dispersed around the project site, some would
also tend to be driven into the soil and clog inter-granular spaces. However, in order to
minimize such impacts, appropriate soil conservation measures would be undertaken.
Top-soil shall be preserved and reused in green areas. Vegetation cover would also be
replaced by planting and surfing wherever feasible. Short term, localized impacts are
anticipated on the soil quality of the core area during the construction stage and no impact
is envisaged on the surrounding area.
Preservation of top soil: During construction, soil becomes unconsolidated due to
removal of stabilizing material such as vegetation and disturbance of stabilized existing
grade resulting in loss of top soil and also deposition in the undesirable places. A soil
erosion and sedimentation control plan to be prepared prior to construction and should be
applied effectively. Measures for preservation of topsoil are mentioned in the Soil
resource section above.

Topsoil removal and preservation shall be mandatory for development projects larger
than 1, 00 hectare (Source: National Building Code 2005). Topsoil shall be stripped to a
depth of 200 mm from areas proposed to be occupied by buildings, roads, paved areas
and external services. Top soil shall be stockpiled to a height of 400 mm in pre
designated areas for preservation and shall be reapplied to site during plantation of the
proposed vegetation. Measures should be applied to control erosion of preserved top soil.
Top soil shall be separated from sub-soil debris and stones larger than 50 mm diameter.
Human activities during construction can accelerate erosion by removing vegetation,
compacting or disturbing the soil, changing natural drainage patterns, and by covering the
ground with impermeable surfaces (pavement, concrete, buildings). When the land
surface is developed or hardened in this manner, storm water and snowmelt cannot seep
into or infiltrate the ground. This results in larger amounts of water moving more
quickly across a site which can carry more sediment and other pollutants to streams and
rivers. (Source: Chapter 3, EPA) Disruption to the natural hydrology of the site could be
minimised by reducing impervious cover, increasing on site infiltration and managing
storm water runoff.

Mitigation options

When opening the site, care should be taken to keep vegetation clearing at a
minimum.

To keep the damage to topsoil minimum, excavators must be used for

construction. The excavated material such as topsoil and stones should be
stacked at safe places for reuse at a later stage of construction.

Prevent soil erosion for large sites during construction by providing

sedimentation basin, contour trenching, mulching, as required. Some generic
soil erosion control measures are described below:

Soil erosion and sedimentation control measures

On the proposed site the net imperviousness of the site should not exceed the
imperviousness factor as prescribed by the National Building Code 2005; Part
9 (Plumbing services) Section 5.5.11.2.1.

Preserving existing vegetation or revegetating disturbed soils is one of the

most effective ways to control soil erosion.

There are two types of soil erosion control:

Temporary controls provide cover to the soil for a short period of time, till
the permanent measures are adopted. These are usually applicable during
construction.

Permanent controls These measures are incorporated on soil, when

activities that disturb the soil are over. These measures could be applicable
post construction in the proposed landscape plan.

Impact and Mitigation Measures on Air Quality

Dust will be the main pollutant affecting the ambient air quality of the area during the
construction phase. It will be generated during excavation, back filling, hauling and
vehicular movement of trucks, dumpers and construction machinery. Special care, as
mentioned below shall be taken to control dust emission from vehicular movement,
stockpiles and other construction activities:

 In order to minimize the atmospheric generation of dust and gaseous emissions

through vehicular traffic and exhaust emissions, only properly maintained
certified vehicles shall be deployed at site.

 The building material shall be adequately covered while transporting through

trucks.

 Suitable surface treatment to roads shall be provided to ease the traffic flow.
 Sprinkling of water on roads shall be regularized to reduce uncontrolled dust
generation.

 Extensive tree plantation shall be carried out along the plant boundary and at some
identified area within the proposed site to control spread of fugitive dust emission
that will occur due to construction activity, like handling of material and
transportation within the plant premises.

 Aggregates and sand will be stockpiled at suitable places (after stabilizing the
surface), near the boundary wall so that the wall acts as windshield.

 In case the height of stockpiles exceeds that of the boundary wall then additional
windshields of adequate height (preferably with tin sheets) will be provided.

 To prevent dust nuisance from the stockpiles it will be covered with plastic sheet,
wherever required.

 Fugitive dust emission during dry weather conditions, arising out of the
excavation, leveling, transportations and stockpiling activities shall be controlled
by water sprinkling.

 Cement will be stocked inside covered sheds only.

With these provisions, only short term, localized impacts are anticipated due to dust
emissions during the construction stage.

Impact on Ambient Noise Level

Noise is typically defined as "unwanted sound", sound being the human sensation of pressure
fluctuations in the air. Sound levels are expressed in decibels (dB) on a logarithmic scale, where
0dB is nominally the "threshold of hearing" and 120dB is nominally the "threshold of pain".
Noise can seriously harm human health and interfere with peoples daily activities. The main
health risks of noise identified by WHO are:

Pain and hearing fatigue;

Hearing impairment including tinnitus;

Annoyance;

Interferences with social behaviour (aggressiveness, protest and helplessness);

Interference with speech communication;

Sleep disturbance and all its consequences on a long and short term basis;

Cardiovascular effects;

Hormonal responses (stress hormones) and their possible consequences on human

metabolism (nutrition) and immune system;

Performance at work and school.

Noise generally radiates in all directions, but can bend around and over walls and buildings
and can reflect back from solid surfaces. Significantly careful positioning of noisy plant and
equipment can be very effective in reducing noise levels.
Noise generated by construction activities particularly in urban areas can impact on any adjacent
residential and indeed commercial areas, such impacts can be even more severe at
night. Construction site noise can also be a health hazard for those who are working on site.
Construction Activity

Sound pressure in dB(A)

Rock drill

110

7hp road roller on concrete at 10m

100

Scaffold dismantling at 10m

80

5hp power float at 7m

70

Typical office

60

It is significantly less expensive (unit cost per decibel reduction) to make noise-generating
processes quieter than to make a barrier to screen the noise.
Noise levels can be lowered by eliminating or reducing the noise at source with the use of noisecontrol enclosures, absorbers, silencers and baffles and by the use of personal protective
equipment, such as earmuffs. Where technical methods are insufficient, noise exposure may be
reduced by use of hearing protection and by administrative controls -- such as limiting the time

spent in noisy environment and scheduling noisy operations outside normal shifts or at distant
locations.
Essential elements of environmental noise control programmes are education and training of the
workers to minimise noise generation on a site.
Abstract of THE NOISE POLLUTION !REGULATION AND CONTROL) RULES. 2000
issued by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) is as under,

SCHEDULE
(seerule3(1)and4(1))
Ambient Air Quality Standards in respect of Noise
Area Code

Category of Area I Zone

Limits in dB(A) Leq*

Day Time

Night Time

(A)

Industrial area

75

70

(B)

Commercial area

65

55

(C)

Residential area

55

45

(D)

Silence Zone

50

40

Note:-

Day

time shall mean from 6.00 a.m. to 10.00 p.m. Night time shall mean from

10.00 p.m. to 6.00 a.m

Silence zone is an area comprising not less than 100 metres

hospitals,

around

educational institutions, courts, religious places or any other area which is declared as
such by the competent authority

Mixed categories of areas may be declared as one of the four

above

mentioned

categories by the competent authority.

*dB(A) Leq denotes the time weighted average of the level of sounding decibels

on scale. A which is relatable to human hearing.

A " decibel" is a unit in which noise is measured.
"A",indB(A)Leq, denotes the frequency weighting in the measurement of noise

and corresponds to frequency response characteristics of the human ear.

Leq:It is an energy mean of the noise level over a specified period.

Heavy traffic for loading and unloading, and handling of construction equipments and
material are likely to cause an increase in the ambient noise levels. The typical noise
levels of sources used in construction work including D.G. set and vehicular traffic are
shown in the following Table . (Source: Environmental Data Book; page-508).

Composite Background LdnNoise and Plants Construction Noise at a Receptor Point

Equipments Noise,

Back-

dB(A)

ground

S.
No.

LdnNoi
Equipment

se

Noise

Composite Background Day-Night Noise (Ldn) and

Construction Noise, in dB (A),at Receptor Point
(distance in meter)
50

100

200

300

400

500

650

1000

2000

mt

mt

mt

mt

mt

mt

mt

mt

mt

1.

Dredging

89

51.8

52.5 52.0 51.8 51.8 51.8 51.8 51.8 51.8

51.8

2.

Pickup Trucks

92

dB(A)

53.0 52.1 51.9 51.8 51.8 51.8 51.8 51.8

51.8

3.

Scraper

93

53.3 52.2 51.9 51.9 51.8 51.8 51.8 51.8

51.8

4.

Heavy Trucks

95

54.0 52.5 52.0 51.9 51.8 51.8 51.8 51.8

51.8

5.

Generator

96

54.4 52.6 52.0 51.9 51.9 51.8 51.8 51.8

51.8

6.

Fork Lift

100

56.7 53.6 52.3 52.0 51.9 51.9 51.9 51.8

51.8

7.

Caterpillar

103

59.0 54.9 52.8 52.3 52.1 52.0 51.9 51.8

51.8

8.

Crane

104

59.8 55.5 53.0 52.4 52.1 52.0 51.9 51.9

51.8

9.

Loader

104

59.8 55.5 53.0 52.4 52.1 52.0 51.9 51.9

51.8

10.

Ditcher

104

59.8 55.5 53.0 52.4 52.1 52.0 51.9 51.9

51.8

11.

Concrete Mixer

105

60.6 56.0 53.3 52.5 52.2 52.1 52.0 51.9

51.8

12.

Dragline

105

60.6 56.0 53.3 52.5 52.2 52.1 52.0 51.9

51.8

13.

Pile Driver

105

60.6 56.0 53.3 52.5 52.2 52.1 52.0 51.9

51.8

61.1 56.4 53.5 52.6 52.3 52.1 52.0 51.9

51.8

63.2 58.0 54.3 53.1 52.6 52.3 52.1 51.9

51.8

Composite Noise of 105.5

Generator + Concrete
Mixer +Ldn
Composite Noise of 107.8
Generator + Concrete
Mixer + Loader +Ldn

In order to find out the impact of plants construction noise at a receptor point, the
composite Ldn and plants construction equipment noise (Lc) over distances has been
computed by applying standard noise propagation and addition formula (Para, 4.3.3.1);
the values are given in Table 4.3 with following abbreviations:
Ldn = Background day-night noise level = 51.8 dB (A) (Chapter 3, Table 3.5.4)
Lc = Composite noise in dB (A) of construction equipments (2 or more
running simultaneously.

equipments

Lc,dn = Composite noise, Lc of construction equipments clubbing with background noise,

Ldn
The reduction in cumulative noise (Lc+Ldn) over distances for generator, loader and
concrete mixer, clubbing with background noise have been plotted in Figure 4.1.
Lc= Composite noise of generator (96 dB (A)), loader (104 dB (A)) and concrete mixer
(105 dB (A))
Ldn=Back ground day-night noise; 51.8 dB (A)

Lc+Ldn
59
58

58.0

Noise Level in
dB(A)

57
56
55
54.3
53.1
52.6

54
53

52.3

52

51.9

51.9

51.8

51

500

1000

1500

2000

Distace from central point in metre

Figure 4.1: Reduction in Cumulative Noise (Lc+Ldn) over Distance

Impact due to Individual and Cumulative Construction Equipments

Operation Noise
It may be seen from Table 000 that:
 Beyond, approximately, 200 mt, no construction equipment (S. No. 1-13) shall
contribute more than 1 decibel noise (i.e. >52.8 dB(A)) to the back ground noise
(51.8 dB(A)) of the study area. This distance is very much within the plants
premises.
 Between 200 mt to 2 km, there shall be insignificant contribution of <1 dB (A) to
the background noise by any individual constructions equipment (S. No. 1-13)
noise and after 2 km no contribution to ambient noise.
 The composite noise of generator, concrete mixer and Ldn is not contributing >1
dB (A) to the ambient noise beyond 200mt and between 200 m to 2 km there shall
be insignificant contribution of <1 dB (A) to the background noise.

 The composite noise, Lc of generator, concrete mixer and loader is not

contributing >1 dB (A) to the ambient noise beyond 300mt and between 300 mt to
2 km there shall be insignificant contribution of <1 dB (A) to the background
noise. The reduction in composite noise over distances may be seen in Figure 4.1.
It may be highlighted that there is no nearby activity in the study area that would be
affected by the construction noise. The nearest town, Dankuni is around 1.5 km away
from the proposed site and to such a long distance there shall be no contribution of
construction noise to ambient noise. However, there are few Houses at distances between
1.25 km to 2.5km from the proposed site which may experience some insignificant
construction noise (<1dB(A) above the ambient noise).

But after taking mitigative

measures and adhering strictly to Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), guidelines,
the generation and propagation of construction equipments noise shall be controlled to a
greater extent.

Guidelines of Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB),



Acoustic barriers should be placed near construction sites.

The maximum noise levels near the construction site should be limited to 75 dB
(A) Leq(5 min.) in industrial areas and to 65 dB (A) Leq (5 min.) in other areas.

There should be fencing around the construction site to prevent people coming
near the site.

Materials need not be stockpiled and unused equipment to be placed between

noisy operating equipments and other areas.

Constructing temporary earth bund around the site using soil etc, which normally
is hauled away from the construction site.

MitigativeMeasures
 The noise level of the construction equipments and machines shall be kept within
prescribed norms by regular maintenance and up keep.
 All rotating items will be well lubricated and provided with enclosures as far as
possible to reduce noise transmission.
 High noise generation equipments viz. concrete mixer, generators, loader, ditcher,
etc., shall not be operated during the night.
 Adequate personal protective equipment like ear plugs and ear muffs shall be
provided to the person to reduce the effect of noise.
 Plantation shall be developed to attenuate the noise levels.

 The noise level near the construction equipments and nearby areas shall be
regularly monitored. In case of higher noise, appropriate action shall be taken to
bring it down to tolerable limit.
With these measures it may be ensured that the noise level during construction phase
surrounding the core area shall be controlled to permissible standard. However, the noise
generation will be confined within the immediate surrounding areas of the construction
site and only for a short term. Localized and reversible insignificant impact is expected
due to noise emissions generated during the construction stage.

Impact on Water Environment

The water requirements during the construction phase of the proposed plant would be
small as construction will be more related to mechanical fabrication, assembly and
erection. Following action shall be taken to avoid any impact on the surface and ground
water quality during construction phase.
1. Storm water drains will be made immediately after starting construction activity.
The drains will be properly aligned in conformity with the site drainage pattern so
that the alteration is kept to the minimum and flooding or soil erosion does not
occur.
2. Sedimentation pits will be provided at appropriate location to trap the silt laden
runoff water and prevent excessive silt from going outside.
3. The storm water drains will be suitably diverted to the water reservoir to collect
the runoff. This stored water will be utilized for construction purposes.
4. No wastewater will go out of the plant premises during the construction stage and
contaminate the surrounding water bodies in any manner.
5. Temporary sanitation facilities (septic tanks and soak pits) will be set-up for
disposal of sanitary sewage generated by the workforce.
6. Rainwater harvesting/recharge structures will be made at suitable points to collect
the excessive runoff generated from the paved areas of the plant site and divert
them for recharging the groundwater table.
With the above measures, it may be envisaged that overall impact on water environment during
construction phase due to proposed project shall be insignificant.

Impact on Flora & Fauna

The initial construction work at the project site involves site clearance. The site is almost
barren land with some thorny bushes and very scanty vegetation cover is observed at the
plant site. No ecologically sensitive floral species exist in the proposed site. As such the
construction activities shall have insignificant impact on the flora. Moreover greenbelt

will be developed phase wise during construction to improve the aesthetic value in the
area and to screen out the fugitive dust generated during construction.
No wild life sanctuary, national park or faunal species of significance have been observed
in the study area. Similarly, no domestic animals were encountered at the proposed site;
the reason may be the lack of food, water or shelter inside the proposed site. Few species
of birds are sighted in and around the site. Plantations will improve the habitat of
avifauna.
Short term, localized insignificant impact on ecology is anticipated during the
construction stage.

Socio-Economic Impacts
The project shall create both direct or indirect job opportunities. This indicates the
availability of sizeable manpower locally, required for the construction activity. There
shall also be migration of semi-skilled/skilled labor force from outside in the study area
during construction phase, which may put some pressure on the local settlements and
resources. However temporary accommodation, with necessary facilities, shall be created
on-site. Also this shall be temporary in nature and limited to the construction period.
However, the flow of workforce and material will affect the socio-economic status of the
people in the area. Growth/expansion of shops, dhabas, small hotels and other allied
services will also open up avenues for employment. The subsequent improvement in the
status of the people will also help in increasing the health and education status of the
people. As such the positive impact is envisaged on socio-economic aspects of the
surrounding population.
It may also be highlighted that there is no cultural heritage site (temple, mass bathing site
during religious festivals, etc) is located close to the project site that could be affected
during the construction stage. As such positive impact is anticipated on the socioeconomic status of the people residing, particularly, in the vicinity of the proposed plant
area.

Impact on Workers Health, Sanitation and Safety

The health of workers will be checked for general illness-first time upon employment and
thereafter at periodic intervals, as per the local laws and regulations. Health centre and
ambulance facility will be provided to workers. Workers exposed to dust and noise will
be given personnel protective equipment like nose masks, face shields, ear plugs, etc. Job
rotation schemes will be practiced for over-exposed persons. Facilities planned for
construction workers include temporary shelters, fuel, toilet, safe drinking water, medical

facilities and crche. Insignificant impact is anticipated on the workers health and safety
during the construction stage.

4.2.9 Solid Waste Disposal

Solid waste during the construction phase will consist primarily of scrapped building
materials, excess concrete and cement, rejected components and materials, packing and
shipping materials (pallets, crates, Styrofoam, plastics etc.) and human waste. However, it
is expected that there will be generation of sizeable amount of garbage, for which suitable
disposal methods shall be devised:
 Careful design, planning and good site management would minimize waste of
materials such as concrete, mortars and cement grouts.
 Construction wastes will be segregated as much as possible at site itself to
increase the feasibility of recycling concrete and masonry as filling material and
steel pieces as saleable scrap.
 Litter collection points will be established around the work sites and disposed off
through the facility of the local authority.
 Empty packaging materials, drums, glass, tin, paper, plastic, pet bottles, wood,
thermocol and other packaging materials will be disposed through recyclers
(locally called kabadis).
 The construction spoils including top soil will be temporarily stored at designated
dumpsite located inside the plant premises. Later on these wastes will be used for
land filling, leveling, developing garden, lawns etc., within the plant premises.

Impact on Sensitive Targets

The sensitive targets include the following:
1. Religious and historical places
2. Archaeological monuments
3. Scenic areas
4. Hill resorts
5. Beach resorts
6. Health resorts
7. Estuaries
8. Biosphere reserves
9. National Parks and sanctuaries
10. Natural lakes, swamps
11. Seismic zone
12. Tribal settlements

13. Areas of scientific and geological interests

14. Defense installations
15. Border areas (international) and
16. Air Ports
There exist no such targets and as such there shall be no impact on any of the above target
due to proposed plant activities.

Overall Impact Statement

The plant site is basically a land devoid of population. No reserve forest or important
historic place is situated at the proposed site or in the vicinity. There exist no notified
rare species of flora in the study area which would be affected due to the plant operational
activities.
Since all necessary pollution control measures to maintain the emission levels of dust
particles, Sulphur Dioxide, Nitrogen Oxides and noise within the permissible limits
would be taken and all generated liquid effluent after due treatment shall be in-house
utilized, there shall be insignificant impact on the surrounding area.
Other provisions for pollution such as on line monitoring and control, to ensure
compliance with the requirements of the State Pollution Control Board will be made.
It is evident from above that the various mitigation measures proposed to be adopted
during the construction phase shall reduce the scale of environmental impacts to
insignificant level.

ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN

Environmental Management Plan is the key to ensure that the environmental quality of the
area does not deteriorate during construction period of the proposed plant under study. The
probable impacts during construction stage have been discussed in above paragraphs.
Management plan consists of the following activities:

Specific action plan for implementing mitigation measures

Monitoring of Environmental Quality

Rainwater Harvesting

Training

Statutory requirements and Implementation

Documentation

Green Belt Plantation

Social Responsibility

Environment Management Plan (EMP) is aimed at mitigating the possible adverse impacts of a
project and for ensuring maintenance of existing environmental quality.

Formulation and

implementation of EMP also reinforces beneficial impacts of a project. The EMP covers all
aspects of planning, construction and operation of the project, which are relevant to the
environment. It is essential to implement the EMP right from the planning stage and then
continuing it throughout the construction and operation stages. Therefore the main objective of
the EMP is to identify the project specific activities that would have to be considered for
investigation of the significant adverse impacts and the mitigation measures required.

Environment Management Plan during Construction Phase

The major construction activities that have potential environmental impacts involve preconstruction site preparation and installation of temporary and permanent facilities to meet the
future requirements for success of the project. However, except for permanent change in local
landscape and land use pattern of the project site, the constructional phase impacts are temporary
and localized phenomena.
To implement the Environment Management Plan (EMP), a structured Environment
Management Group (EMG) shall be created. The EMG shall undertake regular monitoring of
the environment during the construction (as well as operation phase) of the project. It shall also
check that the stipulated measures are being satisfactorily implemented. It shall also co-ordinate
with local authorities and ensures filing of relevant reports to statutory bodies.

The success of environmental control measure can only be understood by proper monitoring of
the environmental parameters. A detailed monitoring for different environmental parameters
will be carried out as per direction of West Bengal Pollution Control
methodologies will follow

Board.

Monitoring

standard methods prescribed by Central Pollution Control

Board (CPCB), Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) etc. Major monitoring parameters are
discussed below.

Environmental Management Plan during Construction Phase

Responsibility

Environmental

Remedial Measures

Component
Water
Ground Water

Timeframe
Prime

As for as possible No extraction

of groundwater

Surface water sources

No disposal of any

Throughout

Secondary

CO

CA

CO

CA

CO

CA

CO

CA

CO

CA

CO

CA

CO

CA

CO

CA

CO

CA

CO

CA

Construction Phase

Through out

Waste water out side.

Construction Phase

Drinking Water

Arrange water without

Throughout

Requirement

Affecting local requirement

Construction Phase

Waste water from

Ensure proper sanitation and

Throughout

Workers' camp

Drainage. No direct

Construction Phase

waste water discharge in

water bodies or the rivers
Spraying of water wherever

Throughout

required

Construction Phase

Gaseous Emission from

Ensure checking of vehicular

Throughout

Construction work.

Emission and obtaining

Construction Phase

/ vehicles
Noise from machineries

Pollution
Ensure machineries meeting

Throughout

And construction

Noise level standards

Construction Phase

Land Development

Preserve the excavated

Throughout

Top soil to be used for green

Construction Phase

Solid Waste from

belt development
Ensure dumping at

Throughout

Construction work

Preselected location

Construction Phase

Occupational Health

Ensure necessary facilities

Throughout

According to Factories Act

Construction Phase

Dust Generation

CA Consultancy
CO Construction Agency

Periodic Preventive Maintenance

All pollution control, monitoring and safety equipments shall be periodically checked
and calibrated.

Safety & Health

Periodic monitoring of the health of the workers will be carried out as required by
Factories Act for safety, mock drill of the concerned employees for handling the
emergency situation will be carried out, as apart of On-Site Emergency Plan. Air
Quality at the work place will be measured intermittently.

Green Belt Development

There will be all efforts for improving the environmental quality of the plant complex
through tree planting in organized manner. The trees will be planted inside the plant in
vacant areas, along the boundary walls in rows to develop a wide green belt and also in
dust prone area along with vacant area for landscaping including gardening.
The predominant species list for greening is as follows:
Acacia auriculaeformis (akasmoni), Alstoniascholaris (chatim), Cassia
(bandarlathi),

Lagerstroemeaparviflora

Spathodeacampanulata

(spathodea),

(jarul),

Terminaliacatappa

Grevelliarobusta(silveroak),

fistula

(kathbadam),
Delonixregia

(gulmohar), Peltophorumpterocarpum (radhachura), Gmelinaarberea (gamar) etc.

Rainwater Harvesting
Rainwater harvesting is now an important component of wise resource use and
environmental management

During construction / operation of the plant following

approach will be taken to implement the Rain water harvesting plan. Rain water from
the roofs of all the Station Buildings of the units, storm water drains adjoining the roads
of the plant shall be collected in a rainwater collection tank. All storm water drains of
the main plant area shall be connected to the rain water collection tank. Rain water
collected in the rainwater tank is to be utilized for further use. This is achieved by
installing a suitable pump at one end of the tank. This shall pump the collected water to
the synthetic PVC tank installed on the roof of superstructures Building. The size of the
synthetic tank shall be suitably sized based on the rain fall intensity and the runoff
there-of. Additional tanks could be installed as and when the underground tanks are
added. PVC pipe is proposed for pumping water from the rain water collection tank to
the tanks on top of the buildings.

Collected water from

the synthetic

tank is distributed by gravity

to desired

locations for non-potable use like gardening, cleaning etc.

Training
Training is of

much importance in environmental

management. Environmental

science is a developing subject and the people implementing environmental strategies

should remain up to date with the environmental control processes. The person in
charge of the environmental jobs should attend suitable training courses. Besides, there
shall be training programme for the general employees at different level.

Statutory Requirements and

Implementation
Each industry needs to meet a number of statutory

requirements under Water

(Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act; Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act;
Environment (Protection) Act; Hazardous Waste (Management &Handling) Rules;
Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules etc. Company has
also to submit

yearly

Environmental Statements. Environment Management plan

will ensure that these entire statutory requirements are met in time.

Documentation
Documentation is an important step in implementing Environmental Management Plan.
All statutory norms should be kept at one place for quick references. All monitoring
results should be kept at selected folders which can be easily accessed. The presentation
of the results should also be planned. Graphs and diagrams can be used to show the
trend in environmental quality or achievement. Documents should be kept at a declared
position.
Documentation will include
o Major technical information in operation
o Organizational Charts
o Environmental Monitoring Standards
o Environmental and related legislation
o Operational Procedure
o Monitoring Records
o Quality Assurance Plan for Monitoring
o Emergency plans

Safety and Infrastructure Services for Personnel

Manpower required during construction phase is expected to be approx. 100.
Construction personnel shall be made aware of possible hazards and safety measures that

need to be taken during construction activities through proper training.

Adequate

personal protective equipments such as dust masks, goggles, earplugs/earmuffs, safety

gloves, safety belts, shoes with toe protection, gumboots shall be made available at the
construction site and the construction company shall strictly observe applicable safety
norms.
Temporary accommodation facilities shall be created for staff and construction workers
and necessary arrangements shall be made to meet the basic requirements, as highlighted
below:
 Temporary shelters
 Canteen facility
 Fuel facility (so that they do not cut any fuel wood)
 Safe drinking water facility
 Sanitation/toilets with septic tank
 Rest room
 Medical facility
 Crche
 MSW disposal facility at nearest municipal waste collection site.

Land Environment Management

Topography of the proposed site is almost flat and no major filling/cutting works are
anticipated except for the purpose of foundation. Dust generated due to earthwork
including excavation and transportation activities, especially during dry weather
conditions, shall be controlled by water sprinkling. The earth generated during excavation
shall be used in refilling, leveling and landscaping the area.
No nallas or water courses are present at the project site. Natural drainage pattern shall
not be disturbed as far as possible.
The approach road to project site shall be appropriately widened to facilitate vehicular
movement.
Before starting-up of earthwork during construction, work on development of the
greenbelt area shall be initiated and plantation of trees taken up.
The measures, which would be followed to prevent soil erosion and contamination, are
summarized below:
 Maximize use of top soil for landscaping
 To prevent soil contamination by oil/grease, leak proof containers shall beused for
storage and transportation of oil/grease. Wash off from the oil/grease handling

area shall be drained through impervious drains and treated appropriately before
disposal.
 Removal of as little vegetation as possible during the development
 Plantation of trees in green belt area.

Handling of Construction Equipment

Vehicles and machinery deployed for construction work, transportation of debris and
other materials shall be properly maintained and handled to minimize emissions of
particulates and gaseous pollutants. The vehicles maintenance shall be monitored
regularly so as to avoid noise pollution and accidental spillage of oils and greasy matters.
Loading and unloading operations and movement of trucks shall be properly regulated to
minimize the impact of noise on the personnel engaged in civil, mechanical and erection
works.

Solid Waste during Construction Phase

A. Non-Hazardous Solid Waste
i) Construction Debris: Construction debris is bulky and heavy and re-utilization

and recycling is an important strategy for management of such waste. As concrete

and masonry constitute the majority of waste generated, recycling of this waste by
conversion to aggregate and as a sub-base for road construction can offer benefits
of reduced landfill space.
ii)Metal Scrap: Metal scrap from structural steel, piping, concrete reinforcement

and sheet metal work shall be removed from the site by construction contractors.
A significant portion of wood scrap can be reused on site. Recyclable wastes such
as plastics, glass fiber insulation, roofing etc shall be sold to recyclers.

B. Hazardous Waste
Construction sites are sources of many toxic substances, such as paints, solvents, wood
preservatives, pesticides, adhesives and sealants. Hazardous waste generated during
construction phase shall be stored in sealed containers, labeled, and disposed of as
required by the Hazardous Wastes Management and Handling Act Amendment Rules
(MoEF, 2003).
Some management practices to be developed are:
 Paintbrushes and equipment for water and oil based paints shall be cleaned within
a contained area and shall not be allowed to contaminate site soils, watercourses
or drainage systems.

 Provide adequate hazardous waste storage facilities, hazardous waste collection

containers are conveniently located and designate hazardous waste storage areas
away from storm drains or watercourses.
 Potentially hazardous waste shall be segregated from non-hazardous construction
site debris.
 All hazardous waste shall be clearly labeled.

Air Quality Management

The dust nuisance created by the excavation, leveling and transportation activities shall be
properly controlled by
 Sprinkling water on roads,
 Providing dust arresting panels/sheets,
 Tree plantation to act as dust barriers,
 Regular removing of construction waste material,
 Proper storage of building material in sheds or under plastic covers, stockpiling
along predominant wind direction, maintaining stockpile height close to boundary
height (and use of tin sheets to provide wind barrier in case height exceeds
boundary height),
 Use of cover sheets on trucks used for transportation,
 Avoiding of truck overloading and implementation of speed limits for vehicles.
 Emissions from vehicles and construction equipment shall be controlled by
ensuring that vehicles used during construction undergo periodic pollution control
checks and use cleaner fuels.
 The ambient air quality shall be monitored at the project site every quarter for
RSPM, SPM, SO2 and NOX.

Noise Level Management

Noise resulting from operation of construction machinery and vehicular movement,
though localized, may constitute an additional environmental stress.
Recommended mitigation measures for noise pollution are:
 Good maintenance of vehicles, construction equipment and roads.
 Restriction of noisy construction activities to day time only.
 Plantation of trees in the greenbelt area and around the plant boundary to attenuate
the noise.
 Provision of earplugs and earmuffs to workers for work in unavoidable noisy
operations.
 Acoustic housing for DG sets.

 The Ambient Noise Levels shall be monitored quarterly. In case a source is found
making significantly higher noise, immediate action shall be taken to bring down
its noise to a tolerable limit

Water Quality Management

The mitigation measures recommended for water quality management are as follows:
 The open drains carrying construction waste-water shall be collected in cemented
trenches for reutilization to a greater extent.
 Storm water drains shall be constructed for storm water collection into a reservoir,
water from which shall be used in construction activities and green belt
development.
 Soak pit for construction workers/canteen.
 The vehicle maintenance area shall be located in such a manner so as to prevent
contamination of ground water by accidental spillage of oil. Oil and grease trap
shall be provided at equipment maintenance area.
 Unauthorized dumping of waste oil shall be prohibited.
 Site of deposition of building material wastes shall be cordoned.
 Groundwater quality of the site area shall be regularly monitored preferably once
in a quarter during the development period.

Ecological Management
In order to prepare the site for the construction work, there might be cleaning of shrubs
present at the site. To compensate, proper landscaping and tree plantation activities shall
be initiated during construction phase itself. More than 30% land has been earmarked for
green belt development. Large size species of trees shall be planted at the time of
preparation of site so that they would grow to considerable size by the time of
commissioning of the proposed project. Construction workers shall be provided domestic
fuel (kerosene oil) so as to prevent cutting of trees for firewood.

Socio-economic
Any construction activity shall benefit the local population in a number of ways. The
project shall generate both direct and indirect employment opportunities. In addition,
development of infrastructure in the area, and other secondary developments shall provide
ample opportunity to the locals to up-lift their living standards.

RECOMMENDATIONS
Prior Consent-to-Establish (NOC) for the proposed project must have been obtained from
WBPCB before commencement of construction, if any is missing the same shall be
immediately taken up by the construction agency. All other statutory clearances should be
obtained by project proponent from the competent authorities and a copy of the same
shall be kept in a docket specially containing all documents / reports related to
environmental aspect of this project.
A separate Environmental Management Cell should immediately be established to
implement the management plan. The cell shall have proper representation from
Consultancy and construction agency and shall be headed by some official of RVNL.
The cell shall regularly, at least once in a month, collect all information, analysis the
same and in turn shall report to CPM for all matters related to environment. The cell
shall ensure the suitability, adequacy and

effectiveness of the

Environment

Management Programme. The management review process will ensure that the
necessary information is collected to allow management to carry out its evaluation. This
review should be documented and periodically audit to establish its usefulness.
This should be strictly monitored that all the mitigation measures in the EIA document
above are properly adhered and all reports / documents are properly recorded and
forwarded to the competent authorities well within the stipulated period mentioned there
in / required as per Government policies under Environmental acts / rules.
The following important points shall be given special care while doing routine inspection
of the work,
The project proponent shall comply with all the environmental protection measures and
safeguards recommended. Further, the unit must undertake socio-economic development
activities in the surrounding villages like community development programmes,
educational programmes, drinking water supply and health care etc.
Provision should be made for the supply of kerosene or cooking gas to the labourers
during construction phase. All the labourers to be engaged for construction works should

be screened for health and adequately treated before issue of work permits.
Environmental sanitation should be ensured for the workers.
Regular monitoring of the ambient air quality shall be carried out in and around the plant
and records shall be maintained. The ambient air quality standards as per GSR 826 (E)
dated 16.11.2009to be maintained.
All active areas, storage areas shall be adequately covered. Covered storage yards shall be
provided for raw materials.
Adequate provisions should be made for harvesting rainwater. The unit may develop
water body of adequate capacity to harvest rainwater. The harvested water should be used
for plantation, firefighting, washing and cleaning etc. Recharging of Groundwater should
not be permitted.
Green belt shall be developed within and around the plant premises in consultation with
DFO / West Bengal Wasteland Development Corporation Ltd/ West Bengal Biodiversity
Board. A sizeable % of the land area should be covered by plantation. There should not
be any removal /destruction of vegetative cover without the sanction of appropriate
authority.
Ambient noise level should not exceed the permissible limit. The overall noise levels in
and around the plant area shall be kept well within the standards by providing noise
control measures including acoustic hoods, silencers, enclosures etc. on all sources of
noise generation. The ambient noise levels should conform to the standards prescribed
under EPA Rules, 1989 viz. 75 dBA (daytime) and 70 dBA (nighttime).
All internal roads should be pitched. Proper lighting and proper pathway inside the
factory premises should be constructed to ensure safe vehicular movement. Provision of
separate pathway for entry and exit of vehicles should be considered. Vehicles should
conform to pollution under control(PUC) norms. Proper housekeeping shall be
maintained within the premises.
Health and safety of workers should be ensured. Workers should be provided with
adequate personnel protective equipment and sanitation facilities. Occupational Health
Surveillance of the workers shall be done on a regular basis and records maintained as per
the Factories Act.
Adequate measures to be adopted to ensure industrial safety. Proper fire detection &
protection systems to be provided to control fire and explosion hazards.