Diary of A Wimpy Kid Into Buku Harian W PDF

METHODS OF TRANSLATION IN COMIC NOVEL
“DIARY OF A WIMPY KID” INTO “BUKU HARIAN WIMPY”

BY JEFF KINNEY
THESIS
Presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements

for the completion of Strata 1 Program
of the English Department
specialized in Translations
by
VAMBERRINO SUSAIN
C11.2008.00945
FACULTY OF HUMANITIES
DIAN NUSWANTORO UNIVERSITY
SEMARANG
2013
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I hereby certify that this thesis is definitely my own work. I am completely
responsible for the content of this thesis. Other writer’s opinions or findngs
included in this thesis are quoted or cited in accordance with ethical standard.
Semarang, 25 September 2013
Vamberrino Susain
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ADVISOR’S APPROVAL
This thesis has been approved by the advisor on September 25th, 2013.
Advisor
Rahmanti Asmarani, M.Hum.
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MOTTO
- The three great essentials to achieve anything worth, while are, first, hard work;
second, stick-to-itiveness; third, common sense.
(Thomas Edison)
- Your future depends on many things, but mostly on you.
(Frank Tyger)
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DEDICATION
I would like to dedicate this thesis for to:
 My beloved family, especially my parents
 All of my lecturers who always teach me with love
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
At this happiest moment, I would like to express my sincere respect and
gratitudes to:
1. Allah SWT., who has blessed me, given strength, rigidity, and patience during
the writing of this thesis;
2. Mr. Achmad Basari, S.S. M.Pd., Dean of Faculty of Humanities of Dian
Nuswantoro University, who gave permission to me to conduct this thesis;
3. Mr.Sarif Syamsu Rizal, M.Hum., Head of English Department of Strata 1
Program, Faculty of Humanities, Dian Nuswantoro University, who gave
permission to me to conduct this thesis;
4. Mrs. Rahmanti Asmarani, M.Hum., as my advisor, for her continuous and
valuable guidance, advice and encouragement in completing this thesis;
5. All lecturers at the English Department of Faculty of Humanities of Dian
Nuswantoro University, who have taught, motivated, and given guidance
during the writing of this thesis;
6. Administration staff of Faculty of Humanities, for the help during my study at
Dian Nuswantoro University;
7. Librarians of Central Library of Dian Nuswantoro University for their
permission for me to use some valuable references in writing this thesis;
8. Self-Access Center (SAC) who gave permission to me to use some valuable
references in writing this thesis;
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9. My family, especially for my parents; father and mother, for their prayers and
supports in doing my thesis. Also for my brother Mas edo and my sister Hilda
for motivation and kindness that they have given to me;
10. My dearly beloved, Rizky who has always helped me and accompanied me
during the writing of this thesis. You mean so much to me;
Finally, I do realize that due to my limited ability, this thesis must have
shortcoming. For this, I welcome any suggestions and criticisms.
Semarang, September 25th, 2013
Vamberrino Susain
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE OF TITLE ................................................................................................ i
PAGE OF APPROVAL ...................................................................................... iii
MOTTO .............................................................................................................. iv
DEDICATION .................................................................................................... v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .................................................................................. vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................... viii
LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................ x
LIST OF APPENDICES ..................................................................................... xii
ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................ xi
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION .................................................................... 1
1.1 Background of the Study.................................................. 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem ................................................. 4
1.3 Scope of the Study ........................................................... 4
1.4 Objective of the Study...................................................... 5
1.5 Significance of the Study ................................................. 5
1.6 Thesis Organization ......................................................... 5
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE .............................. 7
2.1 Process of Translation .................................................... 7
2.2 Translation Method and Procedure ................................10
2.3 Meaning ..........................................................................17
2.4 Idiomatic Translation .....................................................20
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2.5 Cultural Trranslation......................................................24
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD..........................................................26
3.1 Research Design............................................................26
3.2 Unit of Analysis.............................................................26
3.3 Source of Data …..........................................................26
3.4 Technique of Data Collection........................................27
3.5 Technique of Data Analysis..........................................27
CHAPTER IV DATA ANALYSIS.................................................................29
4.1 The Findings...................................................................29
4.2 Discussion of the Method of Translating Idiom.............31
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION..................................57
5.1 Conclusion......................................................................57
5.2 Suggestion......................................................................58
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2.1 Diagram of Translation ..................................... 9
Figure 2.2 Translation Method ................................... 10
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ABSTRACT
This thesis entitled Method of Translating the comic novel. This research
covers one objectives of the study and those are aimed at finding the method used
by the translation of idioms.
In conducting this research, the researcher employed some steps in
collecting the data. Those are searching the data in the internet, choosing the data.
Then in conducting the analysis, the researcher employs some steps and those are
reading the novelt, segmenting the data in the form of clause,
Observing from the comprehensive analysis of the news text taken from a
novel, it can be concluded that the translators used various method in rendering
English texts as the source language text into Indonesian as the target language
text. The method is divided into some method such as word for word translation,
adaptation, literal, faithful etc. The most method used by the translator in
translating the novel is faithful translation.
The translator applies faithful translation method due to the purpose to
maintain the naturalness and the readability of TL text. It can be seen that faifthful
translation with 27 numbers. In this case, the translator attempts to reproduce the
precise contextual meaning of the original within the constraint of the target
language grammatical structure. Then it is followed by free translation with 20
numbers. Meanwhile, the other method of translation found in the novel is
semantic translation with 3 numbers.
Whereas, there are also four types of idiom found in the comic novel
entitled “Diary of a Wimpy Kid” by Jeff Kinney and “Buku Harian Wimpy Kid”
which was written by Ali Muakhir and translated by Noviana Abdu. The first is
phrasal verb. This type of idioms is the highest of all with 37 numbers. In this
case, the translator translated the source language into the target language still
used the phrasal verb like in the source language. Then, it is followed by
Incorporating verbs with 10 numbers . The other idioms found in the novel is
Irreversible binomials with 2 numbers and the least number of idiom found in the
data is Tournures with only 1 number found in the data.
Keyword: faithful translation, phrasal verbs, method, idiom, and cartoon novel,
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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Human is a social being who always needs other people in his life. It can hardly be
imagined that he should live all alone by himself without anyone to accompany and help him. It
is a fact that man can not live alone. They need to interact with others. They need a means to
express their feeling, thought, and ideas. And when two or more people communicate with each
other in speech, we can call the system of communication that they employ a code. The way
people communicate to each other is communications. Communications occurs if both the
speaker and the hearer exist. In general, it is described as an action, which there is the
relationship between what the speaker says and what the hearer receives, and the purpose is the
transforming of information or message.
By communicating using language, human can interpret their ideas, thought, reality,
concept or feeling and give information to other. There are three components of communication
process, they are: (1) the participants (2) the information to be communicated and (3) a means
that is used in communication. The third component that is a means of communication can be in
the form of language, sign, gesture, etc. According to Chaer (1995:26) there are two kinds of
communication based on the means that is used. They are non-verbal and verbal communication.
Non-verbal communication is a communication using a means except language, such as light,
whistle, gesture,etc.
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While verbal communication is a communication that uses language as its means. What
most people mean when they say “language” is talk, communication, and discourse.
Language plays many important roles for an individual to interact with others in society.
It unites different people to be in a family, in a tribe, in a country, even in a world society. It is
hard to imagine how people convey messages without a language. In this case, language is
identified as a means of communication.
Language is the most important thing for communication. People need language to
transfer message from one to another. It is included in verbal communication, where the
communication occur between two people or more in doing the activities as listening, speaking,
writing and reading. Surely that those activities need language to be done.
People around the world use language to communicate with others. Surprisingly,
languages around the world are countless. This is the main problem for some people to
communicate with other people who speak different languages. That is why, translation is
needed to transfer message from native speakers. Translation has an important role in
transferring technology and literature in Indonesia. Because of the differences in structure and
system in doing translation from Indonesian into English, it is not an easy thing. To make it
easier, a translator should show the important of translation. Translation is useful in many
aspects, they are: education, literary, trade, politic, entertainment, information, etc.
Many people need translation to do their activities in those aspects. Since there are many
appliances used in English then Indonesian need its translation in order to get understand the
meaning of its appliances. Therefore, highly qualified translators - who have good knowledge
about the target language (TL) and the language they have to transform as source language (SL)
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– are required. To produce a good translation, a qualified translator has been able to understand
ideas and thought including the message expressed in the SL and representing it in the TL.
A good translator should be able translate any kinds of translation. One kind of
translation that can be found is literary works. Literary works have many kinds of types and short
story is one of them.
Short stories are included into literary works, so literary translation is focused in this
analysis. It is not easy to translate literary works, thus, to bridge two languages, the translators
should have particular qualities.
There might be some potential problems appear in translating comic in term of diary from
the source language into the target language. The problems are related to various types of non-
equivalence required different strategies, some of them straight forward and others more
involved and difficult to handle. In some contexts, strategies will help the translators to deal with
non-equivalence. Thus, it attracts curiosity about what methods applied by the translator and in
what situation the methods are used.
According to Nida and Taber in Hoed (1993:57), the processes of translation are:
1. Analysis (learning the source text).
It is the first step in which the content and the purpose in the source text is entirely be read
and be understood.
2. Transfer (replacing the substance of source language with its equivalence substance of
target language).
In this step, the message in the source text is transferred into the target text. The message can
be a content, idea or thought.
3. Restructure (adapted the translated text to the turn of reader).

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Restructure means rearrange. In other word, after transferring the message from source
text into the target text, a translator has to rearrange.
It is challenging to analyze a novel of Comic Novel “Diary of a Wimpy Kid” into “Buku
Harian Wimpy Kid” by Jeff Kinney. Translating a short story of a comic novel is something fun
to do because it will deal with not only the way how to render the text but also as how to give its
context based on the pictures or cartoon. It is an interesting study to compare English work with
Indonesian work, especially when the translation methods are applied and whether the work is
really transferred the intended meaning of the SL (Source Language).
1.2 Statement of the Problem
The problem of this study can be stated as follows:
1. What types of idiomatic expression are found in the comic novel “Diary of a Wimpy
Kid” into “Buku Harian Wimpy Kid” by Jeff Kinney?
2. What methods are used in translating idioms in the comic novel “Diary of a Wimpy Kid”
into “Buku Harian Wimpy Kid” by Jeff Kinney?
1.3 Scope of the Study
The scope of the study is the translation methods of idioms of the “Diary of a Wimpy
Kid” into “Buku Harian Wimpy Kid” by Jeff Kinney and was translated into English “Buku
Harian Wimpy Kid” by Noviana Abdu. It was first published in 2007 by PT. Serambi Ilmu
Semesta.The translator use Makkai classifies idioms of decoding as lexemic and sememic giving
greater attention to the structure of the lexemic variety. Six types of lexemic idioms are identified
phrasal verbs(bring up, get away with,etc.); tournures(fly off the handle, rain cats and dogs,etc.);
irreversible binomials (salt and pepper, bag and baggage,etc.); phrasal compounds (blackmail,
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high-handed, etc.); incorporating verbs (eavesdro,man handle, etc.); and pseudo-idioms (spick
and span, kith and kin,etc.).
1.4 Objective of the Study
In line with the statements of the study above, the objective of the study can be
formulated as follows:
1. To explain the translation methods of idioms used by the translator in translating the “Diary
of a Wimpy Kid” into “Buku Harian Wimpy Kid” by Jeff Kinney and was translated into
English “Buku Harian Wimpy Kid” by Noviana Abdu.
2. To describe the types of idioms found in “Diary of a Wimpy Kid” into “Buku Harian
Wimpy Kid” by Jeff Kinney and was translated into English “Buku Harian Wimpy Kid” by
Noviana Abdu.
1.5 Significance of the Study
The result of the research is expected to give a valuable contribution to:
1. Dian Nuswantoro University, especially for the English Department students, to share
useful information about translation strategies.
2. The translators and editors of literary works, in this case, a comic novel, in order to
improve their skill, so that the readers are able to enjoy the work better.
1.6 Thesis Organization
This research is presented in five chapters with the following organization:
Chapter I is introduction that consists of Background of the Study, Statement of the
Problem, Scope of the Study, Objective of the Study and Significance of the Study.
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Chapter II is review of related literature that consists of Definition of Translation,
Translation Theory, Translation Process, Kinds of Translation, Translation and Culture and
Types of Idiom
Chapter III is the research method that consists of Research Design, Unit of Analysis,
Source of Data and Technique of Data Analysis.
Chapter IV is data analysis that consists of Identifying the Strategies Used by
Translators.
Chapter V is Conclusion and Suggestion.

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CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Process of Translating
The process of translation is series of activities which be done by a translator at the time
s/he transfer the message from the source language into the target language (Nababan, 1997:6).
A translator has to be careful in doing the activity of translation, because a mistake in one point
can caused mistakes in another point. If this happened, the result of the translation would be less
satisfying.
When translating a text, four levels more or less consciously translated in mind.
According to Newmark (1988:19), there are four processes of translation :
1. The SL text level, the level of language, where one begins and which one continually (but
not continuously) goes back to.
This is the level of literary translation of the source language into the target language, the
level of translationese has to be eliminated, but also acts as a connective of paraphrase and the
paper-down of synonyms. Translation is pre-eminently the occupation in which the translator
has to be thinking several things at the same times.
2. The referential level, the level of objects and events, real or imaginary, which progressively
have to be visualized and built up, and which is an essential part, first of the comprehension,
then of the reproduction process.
One should not read a sentence without seeing it on the referential level, whether text is
technical or literary or institutional, one has to make up mind summarily and continuously.
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3. The cohesive level, which is more general and grammatical, which traces the train of thought,
the feeling tone (positive or negative) and the various presuppositions of the SL text.
This level encompasses both comprehension and reproduction: it presents an overall picture,
to which the language level has to be adjust. This level also links the first and the second
level. It follows both the structure and the moods of the text.
4. The level of naturalness, of common language appropriate to the writer or the speaker in
a certain situation.
Natural depends on the relationship between the writer and the readership and the topic or
situation. What is natural is one situation may be unnatural in another, but everyone has a
natural, „neutral‟ language where spoken and informal written language more or less coincide.
According to Nida and Taber in Hoed (1993:57), the processes of translation are:
4. Analysis (learning the source text).
It is the first step in which the content and the purpose in the source text is entirely be read
and be understood.
5. Transfer (replacing the substance of source language with its equivalence substance of
target language).
In this step, the message in the source text is transferred into the target text. The message can
be a content, idea or thought.
6. Restructure (adapted the translated text to the turn of reader).
Restructure means rearrange. In other word, after transferring the message from source text
into the target text, a translator has to rearrange.
According to Larson (1984:17), when translating a text, the translator‟s goal is an
idiomatic translation which makes every effort to communicate their meaning of the source text
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into the natural forms of the receptor language. Larson simply presents the diagram of the
process as follows:
Source Language Receptor Language
Text to be translated Translation
Discover the meaning Re-express the meaning
MEANING
Figure 2.1 Diagram of the Translation Process
Source : Larson, mildred L. 1984. Meaning

Based Translation. America : University
Press of America.
The different forms between square and triangle show the form of the text to be translated
and the translation results. They describe that in translation text, the forms of the source language
may be changed into appropriate forms of the receptor language in order to achieve the idiomatic
translation.
By knowing the processes according to some experts above, anyone can do translating
easily. It is because the processes above give explanation that anyone can follow.
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2.2 Translation Method and Procedure
According to Newmark (1988:45), there are eight translation methods. The methods in
this context are principles which provide the basis of the way people translating text which
obviously headed to the kinds of translation. Translation can be done by choosing one of the
eight methods. The methods can be classified into two : four of them are oriented in source
language (SL Emphasis) and the other four are oriented in target language (TL Emphasis). It can
be seen in the figure below :
SL Emphasis TL Emphasis
Word for Word Translation Adaptation Translation
Literal Translation Free Translation
Faithful Translation Idiomatic Translation
Semantic Transl. Communicative Transl.
Figure 2 Translation Methods (V-Diagram)
Source : Newmark, Peter. 1988. A Textbook of Translation. UK : Prentice Hall.
From the figure above, it can be explained that the eight methods of translation are:
1. Word-for-word translation
The source language word-order is preserved and the words translated singly by their most
common meanings out of context. The use of word-for-word translation is either to
understand the mechanics of the source language or to construe a difficult text as a pre-
translation process.
Example : (SL) Saya bisa berenang.

(TL) I can swim.
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2. Literal translation
The source language grammatical constructions are converted to their nearest target language
equivalents, but the lexical words are translated singly, out of context.
Example : (SL) Jangan bawa bukuku.

(TL) Don‟t bring my book.
3. Faithful translation
Faithful translation attempts to reproduce the precise contextual meaning of the original
within the constraint of the target language grammatical structure. It attempts to be
completely faithful to the intentions and the text-realization of the source language writer.
Example : (SL) Raden Ajeng Kartini adalah orang Jawa.

(TL) Raden Ajeng Kartini was a Javanese.
4. Semantic translation
It may translate less important cultural words by culturally neutral third or functional terms
but not cultural equivalent and it may make other small concessions to the readership.
Example : (SL) Dia adalah orang yang sangat suka membaca.
(TL) He is a book-worm.
5. Adaptation
This is the “freest” form of translation. It is used mainly for plays (comedies), a poetry, the
source language culture converted to the culture and the text rewritten.
Example : (SL) The rising sun is found not to be the rising sun.
It is the world which goes round.

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(TL) Matahari terbit ternyata bukan matahari terbit.

Dunialah yang sebenarnya mengorbit.
6. Free translation
It reproduces the matter without the manner, or the content with the form of the original.
Example : (SL) Sambil menyelam minum air.

(TL) Killing two birds with one stone.
7. Idiomatic translation
Idiomatic translation reproduces the message of the original but tends to distort the nuances of
meaning by preferring colloquialisms and idioms where these do not exist in the original.
Example : (SL) Ini sangat mudah.

(TL) It‟s a piece of cake.
8. Communicative translation
Communicative translation attempts to render the exact contextual meaning of the original in
such a way that both content and language are readily acceptable and comprehensible to the
readership.
Example : (SL) Awas ada anjing!
(TL) Beware of dog!
Translation methods relate to the whole texts, on the other hand translation procedures are
used for sentences and the smaller units of language. Transference is the process of transferring
the source language word to a target language text a translation procedure.
According to Newmark, there are fourteen procedures that are useful to the translator
(1988:82-90). They are :
1. Naturalisation
This procedure succeeds transference and adapts the SL word first to the normal
pronunciation, then to the normal morphology (word-form) of the TL.

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Example : Performanz, and attraktiv in German are translated into performance and attractive
in English.
2. Cultural equivalent
This is an approximate translation where an SL cultural word is translated by TL cultural
word. The translation uses are limited since they are not accurate, but they can be used in
general texts, publicity and propaganda, as well as for brief explanation to reders who are
ignorant of the relevant source language culture. However, the main purpose of the procedure
is to support or supplement another translation procedure in a content.
Example : baccalaureat is translated as (the French) “A level”, or (Abitur Matura) as
(German/Austrian) “A level”, Palais Bourbon as (The French) “Westminster”, Charcuteric-
delicatessen (now English “deli‟), notaire-soliccitor.
3. Functional equivalent
This common procedure, applied to cultural words, requires the use of a cultur-free word,
sometimes with a new specific term. This procedure which is a cultural componential
analysis, is the most accurate way of translating.
Example : Baccalaureat-French translated in English secondary school leaving exam.
4. Descriptive equivalent
In translation, description sometimes has to weighed against function. Description and
function are essential elements in explanation and therefore in translation.
Example : Samurai is described as the Japanese aristocracy from the eleventh to the
nineteenth century; its function was “to provide officers and administrators”.
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5. Synonymy
This procedure is used for SL word where there is no clear one to one equivalent, and the
word is not important in the text, in particular for adjectives or adverbs of quality. Translator
cannot do without synonymy; s/he has to make do with it as compromise, in order to translate
more important segments of the text, segments of the meaning, more accurately. But
unnecessary use of synonymy is a mark of many poor translations.
Example : Person gentile is translated into English “kind person”.
6. Through translation
Normally, through translation should be used only when they are already recognized terms.
The most obvious examples of through-translation are the names of international
organizations which often consist of “universal” words which may be transparent for any
language.
Example : European Cultural Convention is translated into Convention Culturelle
Europeanne.
7. Shift or transpositions
A shift or transposition is a translation procedure involving a change in the grammar from SL
to TL. One type, the change from singular to plural, or in the position of the adjective. The
second type of shift is required when a source language grammatical structure does not exist
in the target language. The third type of shift is the one where literal translation is
grammatical possible but may not accord with natural usage in the target language. The fourth
type of transposition is the replacement of a virtual lexical gap by a grammatical structure.

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Transposition is the only translation procedure concerned with grammar and most translators
make transpositions invitively.
Example : The change from singular to plural : Furniture; des meubles, applause; des
applaudeissements, advice; des conseils.
8. Modulation
Vinay and Darbelnet coined the term “modulation” to define “a variation through a change of
viewpoint, of perceptive and very often of category of thought”. Free modulations are used by
translators when target language rejects literal translation.
Example : buy/sell, lend/borrow for English “loan”.
9. Recognised translation
This procedure is usually used in the official or generally accepted translation of any
institutional term.
Example : “Mitbestimmung (in management) has to be translated first as “codetermination”.
10. Translation label
This is a provisional translation, usually of a new institutional term, which can later be
discretely withdrawn. It could be done through literal translation.
Example : heritage language is translated into langue d’heritage.
11. Compensation
This procedure occurs when loss of meaning, sound effect, metaphor or pragmatic effect in
one part of a sentence is compensated in another part, or in a contiguous sentence.

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Example : There is really nothing to discuss translated in Indonesian “tak ada yang perlu
dibicarakan lagi kalau begitu”.
12. Componential analysis
The basic process is to compare source language word with target language word which has a
similar meaning, but is not an obvious one-to-one equivalent, by demonstrating first their
common and their differing sense components.
Example : “Pleurs” translated in English “tears” refers to “refined” style.
13. Reduction and expansion
These are rather imprecise translation procedures, in which some cases are intuitively
practiced. In this type, the translator has to change the system of the translation work from the
original one to obtain the most appropriate translation result to find out the closest equivalent
in TL.
Example : science linguistique is translated into linguistic. Belebend is translated into life-
giving.
14. Paraphrase
An amplification or explanation of the meaning, of a segment of the text. It is used in an
“anonymous” text when it is poorly written, or has important implications and omissions.
Example : TL equivalent, transcription, neologism, by reproducing the encyclopedic tenor for
the linguistic vehicle.

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2.3 Meaning
In the translation process, the first thing to do is the total meaning of the source text.
Some experts suggest differently about the meaning. Nida states that a word has some different
meanings (1974:51). Larson states that translation is transferring meaning from the source
language into the target language (1984:3). It is important for the activity of translating.
There are three types of meaning according to Nida and Taber (1974:34), namely :
1. Grammatical Meaning
Generally, grammar is taken for granted since it seems to be merely a set of arbitrary rules
about arrangements, rules that must be followed if one wants to be understood, but not rules
themselves that seem to have any meaning.
Example : “John hit Bill” and “Bill and John”.
Two sentences above show that grammar has meaning.
2. Referential Meaning
This refers to words as symbols which refer to objects, event, abstracts, and relation.
Example : “He bought a hammer” and “They will hammer the nail”.
The distinct meaning of the term hammer is very closely marked by the occurrence of these
tem in quite a different contrast with verbs.
3. Connotative Meaning
This refers to how the users of the language react, whether positively or negatively, to the
words and their combination. Sometimes, the associations surrounding some words become
so strong that people avoid using them at all. This is what is called verbal taboos. There are
positive and negative taboos. Negative taboos associate the feelings of revulsion, or disgust,
against words such as those which refer to a certain organ of a body and functions. On the
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other hand, positive taboos associated with feeling or fear : certain words (often names of the
powerful beings) are also regarded as powerful, and the misuse of such words may bring
destruction upon the hapless users.
Example : “She looks like shit” and “Would you please clean this shit?”
The first sentence above is included into negative taboo and the second sentence is included
into positive taboo.
Soemarno in Studi Penerjemahan states that for the importance of translation, generally,
meaning can be classified into six types, namely : lexical meaning, grammatical meaning,
situational or contextual meaning, textual meaning, sociocultural meaning and implicit meaning.
1. Lexical Meaning
It is a meaning of the elements of language as a symbol and events, etc. In other word, lexical
meaning is a meaning that is appropriate according to dictionary, so that a word might have
more than one meaning.
Example : The word miss has eleven meanings according to English-Indonesian dictionary :
nona, tidak menangkap, merindukan, salah menanggapi, tidak mendengar, absen, tidak
menjumpai, melalaikan, kehilangan, tidak dapat dan luput.
2. Grammatical Meaning
It is a relationship between the elements of language in a bigger unit. For example, the
relationship between a word with another word in a phrase or clause. Lexical meaning may
change into grammatical meaning if it is applied in the right sentence that is appropriate with
the grammar.
Example : The word miss means “kehilangan” in :
“Society have missed their trust toward law.”

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It also means “merindukan” in :
“They miss peaceful life without abuse and violation.”
3. Contextual and Situational Meaning
It is a relationship between the statement with the situation where the statement is used.
Basically, every word in a language has as much meaning as the situation or context where
the word is used with another word in a sentence.
Example : When a husband pinch his wife in passionate by saying “I really hate you”. The
word “hate” is supposed to be translated into “mencintai”, but lexically, the word “hate”
means “membenci”.
4. Textual Meaning
It is a meaning that is connected with a text or expression. In other word, a word in a
particular text has a meaning too.
Example : The word “interest” in the politic and government science means “kepentingan”,
not “perhatian”, “minat”, “bunga”.
5. Sociocultural Meaning
It is the meaning that is connected with the user of sociocultural language. A translator, in
doing translation is faced with two cultures, which are the source language culture and the
target language culture. Both of them are different one another, although the terms are the
same but the meanings contained in both culture are different.
Example : Harakiri in Japan is a form of honored death for the Japanese. But it is not the
same with the meaning of commit suicide in other culture.

20
6. Implicit Meaning
It is an unwritten or unsaid meaning by the user. Usually, it has its own purpose, such as to
smoothing, reminding or teasing.
Example : “The front door isn‟t locked”.
The sentence shows that the speaker is reminding the hearer to not forget to lock the front
door.
2.4 Idiomatic Translation
An idiom is a group of words whose meaning can not be derived from the application of
the rules of grammar and the meaning of its individual components. Idiomatic translation is
where the meaning of the original is translated into forms, which most accurately and naturally
preserve the meaning of the original forms. The terms idiomatic translation, dynamic translation,
and free translation are essentially equivalent, and the non-technical term thought-for-thought
translation probably is, as well. The term functional equivalence is a subcategory of idiomatic
translation. A newer term, meaning-based translation, is also a synonym for idiomatic
translation. Larson in Choliludin (2006: 22) states that:
Translation is classified into two main types, namely form-based and the meaning-based
translation. Form-based translation attempts to follow the form of the source language
and is known as literal translation, while meaning-based translation makes every effort to
communicate the meaning of the SL text in the natural forms of the receptor language.
Such translation is called idiomatic translation.
In translation, good theory is based on information gained from practice. Good practice is
based on carefully worked-out theory. The two are interdependent.

21
A translator shall work only into the language (in exceptional cases this may include a
second language) of which he has native knowledge. “Native knowledge” is defined as
the ability to speak and write a language so fluently that the expression of thought is
structurally, grammatically and idiomatically correct (Meuss in Baker, 1991: 65).
The ideal translation will be accurate as to meaning and natural as to the receptor
language forms used. An intended reader who is unfamiliar with the source text will readily
understand it. The success of an idiomatic translation is measured by how closely it measures up
to these ideals. The ideal translation should be:
1. Accurate: reproducing as exactly as possible the meaning of the source text.
2. Natural: using natural forms of the receptor language in a way that is appropriate to the kind
of text being translated.
3. Communicative: expressing all aspects of the meaning in a way that is readily understandable
to the intended reader.
Translations that add to the source text or change certain information for a specific affect
are called unduly free.
In practice, however, it is hard to consistently translate idiomatically or literally. These
translations are often a mixture of literal and idiomatic forms of language. Translation
then falls on a continuum from very literal to literal, to modified literal, to near idiomatic,
to idiomatic, and may fall, even more on the unduly free as displayed below:
22
Very Literal Modified Inconsistent Near Idiomati Unduly
literal literal mixture idiomatic free
Translator‟s goal
Figure 2 Translation as continuum
Source: (Larson in Choliludin, 2006: 23-24)
Unduly free translations are considered unacceptable translations for most purposes. Translations
are called unduly free according to the following characteristics:
(1) if they add extraneous information not in the source text, (2) if they change the meaning of
SL, and (3) if they distort the facts of the historical and cultural setting of the SL text. Sometimes
unduly free translations are made for the purpose of humour or to bring about a special response
from the receptor language speakers. However, they are unacceptable as normal translation.
Literal translations follow very closely the grammatical and lexical forms of the source
text language, whereas idiomatic translations are concerned with communicating the meaning of
the source text using the natural grammatical and the lexical items of the receptor language.
An idiomatic translation attempts to make the meaning of the passage clear, not just give
23
a word-perfect translation. For example:
SL: Indonesia is a beautiful country that lies at the equator.
TL: Indonesia adalah zamrud khatulistiwa.
The idea here is the translators do the removal of some words in the source language and an
idiomatic translation uses a dynamic (or idiomatic) equivalent.
One of the goals of the translation team is to produce a translation that will be acceptable
to the receptor language. There are various aspects of the communication situation that may
determine the choice of type of translation produced:
1. The actual receptor language forms (grammar and lexicon) are chosen with the educational
level of the people in mind, as well as their previous knowledge of the subject matter.
2. A newly literate reader will find it hard to read a translation intended for a highly literate
readership.
3. Some people have a strong opinion as to the type of translation that is acceptable. They may
expect a close formal equivalence and will not accept a more idiomatic translation.
The ideal of accurate, natural, and communicative is still the goal. However, in practice, this goal
may be carried out with differing result by different translation teams. Though the constituents of
an idiom are empty of their usual senses when the expression is interpreted idiomatically as in
hot potato „embarrassing issue‟,the individual constituents of hot potato should be capable of
occuring with their customary or literal meanings „food item at a hih temperatutre‟(ibid.: 25).
The potentia ambiguity of idioms of decoding, what Makkai calls their „disinformation
potential‟, arises from this capacity. Accordingly, expressions with unique elements like kith in
kith and kin (Makkai‟s example) incapable of appearing in other discoursal environments and
24
hence nonambiguous,are disqualified as real idioms. Such requirements establish disinformation
potential as another key criterion of idiomaticity for Makkai. Consequently, disinformation
needs to be distinguished from misinformation, a feature of homonyms, Makkai‟s example of
such a homonymous expression being she bears children, „carries‟, „gives birth to‟. According to
Makkai,the disinformation potential of idioms of decoding allows for the possibility that the
hearer „will decode the idiom in logical yet sememically erroneous way‟(ibid.: 122).
Makkai classifies idioms of decoding as lexemic and sememic giving greater attention to
the structure of the lexemic variety. Six types of lexemic idioms are identified phrasal
verbs(bring up, get away with,etc.); tournures(fly off the handle, rain cats and dogs,etc.);
irreversible binomials (salt and pepper, bag and baggage,etc.); phrasal compounds (blackmail,
high-handed, etc.); incorporating verbs (eavesdro,man handle, etc.); and pseudo-idioms (spick
and span, kith and kin,etc.).
2.5 Cultural Translation
Newmark in Hoed (2006:79) states that a source text is influenced by some factors, such
as, the author (the publisher of the source text), the norms in the SL text, the culture on the
source text, the writing and printing on the source text, and the content of the source text. In the
target text perspective, the influencing factors are the target reader, norms in the TL text, the
culture of the target text, the writing and printing on the target text, and the translators. One of
the factors being reviewed here is the culture because it can be a serious problem in translation
for the complexity of a culture that culture is different from one place to another, and in
translation the language that that are being translated is two languages in two different places
that may have a different culture.

25
“Cultural translation is a translation in which the content of the message is changed to
conform to the receptor culture in some way, and/or in which information is introduced which is
not linguistically implicit in the original” (Nida and Taber, 1969: 199). From that statement, it
can be said that in order to make the target reader comfortable with the translation work, the
content of the message can be changed into the content in the culture of the target reader that is
more familiar and acceptable to the target readers though finding the right or closest content in
the culture of the traget readers are not an easy task. In culture, there are seven elements. Those
are social organization, work, science, technology, religion, art, and language. Language is one
of the culture elements, and it can be presented in a text. However, in a text, the cultural elements
are not always fully presented, because no countries have the same culture, and there are some
problems in tanslating cultural words may occur.

26
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHOD
3.1 Research Design
Descriptive qualitative method was used in this research to analyze the problem. It is a
research method to describe the subject or the object of the research based on the fact or reality.
Descriptive qualitative method describes the population and the evidence of the data
systematically, factually and accurately, (Issac et al 1981:46).
This study is designed by formulating the problem, collecting the data, analyzing the data
and drawing conclusion.
3.2 Unit of Analysis
The unit of analysis of this research is words, phrases of the source text and the sentences
of the translation result or the target text which is cointaining of idioms found in the comic. The
words and phrases are from the the comic novel “Diary of a Wimpy Kid” into “Buku Harian
Wimpy Kid” by Jeff Kinney
3.3 Source of Data
The research data were taken from the comic novel “Diary of a Wimpy Kid” by Jeff
Kinney and “Buku Harian Wimpy Kid” which was written by Ali Muakhir and translated by
Noviana Abdu. It was first published in 2007 by PT. Serambi Ilmu Semesta. The source data
analyzed is only the first chapter of the comic novel from ten chapters in the comic novel.
27
3.4 Techniques of Data Collection
1. Documentation method is used in collecting the data. The book of the comic novel
“Diary of a Wimpy Kid” by Jeff Kinney and “Buku Harian Wimpy Kid” which was
written by Ali Muakhir and translated by Noviana Abdu were collected. It contains two
languages, Indonesian Language as the source language and English Language as the
target language or the result of the translation.
2. An interpretive study was done on both versions of the short story. They were read and
the sentences of the source text and the target text were coded.
3. The technique use eight methods to analyze the data (comic novel)
3.5 Techniques of Data Analysis
The framework proposed by Newmark (1988, 45-47) is used to analyze the data. The
data collected were analyzed by using the following steps:
1. Reading.
The cartoon novels in both versions were read several times to make it easier to be
understood.
2. Classifying.
Each idiom was classified according to the method. The idioms must be included in one
of the eight methods.
a. Word for Word Translation
b. Literal Translation
c. Faithful Translation
d. Semantic Transl.
28
e. Adaptation Translation
f. Free Translation
g. Idiomatic Translation
h. Communicative Transl.
3. Explaining.
After each idiom was classified into each method, it was then explained why the idiom
was included into one of the eight methods.
4. Drawing conclusion.
Make two tables to show the result of the unit analysis and explaining the result of the
data
29
CHAPTER IV
DATA ANALYSIS
In this part of chapter four, the researcher discusses the analysis and description of the
data in the book of the comic novel “Diary of a Wimpy Kid” by Jeff Kinney and “Buku Harian
Wimpy Kid” which was written by Ali Muakhir and translated by Noviana Abdu.
4.1 The Findings
In this part of the sub chapter, the researcher presents the findings of the method used in
translating the idioms on the comic novel entitled “Diary of a Wimpy Kid” by Jeff Kinney and
“Buku Harian Wimpy Kid” which was written by Ali Muakhir and translated by Noviana Abdu.
The findings can be seen in the table below:
Table Number 1
No Method ∑ %
1. Faithfull Translation 27 54%
2. Free Translation 20 40%
3. Semantic Translation 3 6%
Total 50 100%
30
Table Number 2
No Types of Idiom ∑ %
1. Phrasal Verb 37 74%
2. Tournures 1 2%
3. Incorporating verbs 10 20%
4. Irreversible binomials 2 4%
Total 50 100%
According to table above, it can be seen that the most occurance method in translating
the idioms found in the the comic novel entitled “Diary of a Wimpy Kid” by Jeff Kinney and
“Buku Harian Wimpy Kid” which was written by Ali Muakhir and translated by Noviana Abdu
is faifthful translation with 27 numbers. In this case, the translator attempts to reproduce the
precise contextual meaning of the original within the constraint of the target language
grammatical structure. Then it is followed by free translation with 20 numbers. Meanwhile, the
other method of translation found in the novel is semantic translation with 3 numbers.
Whereas, there are also four types of idiom found in the novel entitled “Diary of a
Wimpy Kid” by Jeff Kinney and “Buku Harian Wimpy Kid” which was written by Ali Muakhir
and translated by Noviana Abdu. The first is phrasal verb. This type of idioms is the highest of
all with 37 numbers. In this case, the translator translated the source language into the target
language still used the phrasal verb like in the source language. Then, it is followed by
Incorporating verbs with 10. The other idioms found in the novel is Irreversible binomials with 2
number and the least number of idiom found in the data is Tournures with only 1 found in the
data.
31
4.2 Discussion of the Method of Translating Idiom
In this sub chapter, the researcher explains and deacribes the findings of the method
used in translation the idiom on the comic novel entitled “Diary of a Wimpy Kid” by Jeff Kinney
and “Buku Harian Wimpy Kid” which was written by Ali Muakhir and translated by Noviana
Abdu. For the brief findings and explanations for each finding can be seen in the following
examples.
Excerpt 1
SL TL Type of Idiom Method
I know what it sayd on Aku tahu apa yang tertulis Phrasal Verb Free
the cover, but when di sampul buku ini. Waktu Translation
mom went out to bu Mom pergi membeli buku
this thing... (pg. 1) ini... (pg. 1)
It can be seen in the table 1 above that the translator of the novel translated the verb in
the Source Language went out into pergi in the Target Language. It can be seen that the bold
verb in the Source language is a phrasal verb because it consists of two words. Those are a verb
went and a prepositional word out. In this case, the translator employs word for word translation
because the translator tried to make the result of his translation clearer.
32
The following table 2 of the excerpt 2 below is another example of method in
translating the novel.
Excerpt 2
The thing I want to Hal lain yang ingin Phrasal verb Faithful
clear up right away segera ku luruskan Translation
is that this was semua ini gagasan
Mom‟s idea, not Mom, bukan mauku.
mine. (pg. 1) (pg 1)
It can be seen in the table 2 above that the translator of the novel translated the verb in
the Source Language clear up into ku luruskan in the Target Language. It can be seen that the
bold verb in the Source language is a phrasal verb meaning because it consists of two words.
Those are a verb clear and a prepositional word up. In this case, the translator employs faithful
translation because the translator tried to make the result of his translation clearer. It can be seen
in both bold words above that the translator did not translate the word clear up into
membersihkan and If the translator translated that word into membersihkan then the result of
its translation would not appropriate with the context occured in that novel. In this case, “I” as
the speaker in the novel wrote his experienced in his diary that it was his Mom who made the
messy thing so the speaker wants to fix it.

33
The following table 3 of the excerpt 3 below is another example of method in
translating the idiom found in the novel.
Excerpt 3
You got kids like Disekolah menengah Tournures Free
me who haven‟t hit pertama ada anak-anak Translation
their growth spurt seprti aku yang belum
yet mixed in with mencapai masa akil
these gorillas who balik, tetapi sudah
need to shave twice dicampur bersama para
a day. (pg.3) gorila yang harus
bercukur sebanyak dua
kali sehari. (pg.3)
It can be seen in the table 3 above that the translator of the novel translated the idiom
above in the Source Language hit their growth spurt into mencapai masa akil balik in the
Target Language. It can be seen that the bold phrase in the Source language is an idiom named
tournures because it consits of a pverb phrase of hit their growth spurt. In this case, the
translator employs free translation because the translator tried to make the result of his
translation to be accepted by the readers. In translating the idiom above, the translator refers to
the culture where this novel published. It can be seen in both bold words above that the translator
did not translated the phrase hit their growth spurt into menabrak dengan berlalari cepat. If
the translator translated that word into menabrak dengan berlari cepat then the result of its
34
translation would not appropriate with the context happened in that novel. In this case, the
translator needs to translate the idiom of tournures based on its culture.
The following table 4 below is another example of idiom found in the diary cartoon
novel.
Excerpt 4
So is book is gonna Jadi, buku ini bisa incorporating Free
come in handy. membantu. (pg.2) verbs Translation
(pg. 2)
According to the table 4 of the excerpt 4 above, it is found that that the translator of the
novel translated the idiom above in come in handy in the Source Language into membantu in
the Target Language. Based on the meaning of its translation, the phrase in the bold type in the
Source language is an idiom namedincorporating verbs. In this case, the translator employs free
translation because the translator tried to make the result of his translation to be accepted by the
readers who reads the novel. In translating the idiom above, the translator refers to the culture
where this novel was published. It can be seen in both bold words above that the translator did
not translated the phrase come in handy into datang ke tangan. If the translator translated that
word into datang ke tangan then the result of its translation would not be accepted because the
context happened in that novel would not appropriate. In this case, the translator needs to
translate the idiom of tincorporating verb based on its culture in order to be well accepted.
35
The following table of the excerpt 5 below is another example of idiom found in the
diary cartoon novel.
Excerpt 5
If it was up to me, Kalau segalanya Phrasal verb Faithful
grade levels would terserah padaku, Translation
be based on height, pembagian kelas harus
not age. didasarkan pada tinggi
(pg. 3) badan, bukan usia.
(pg.3)
According to the table 5 above, it is found that that the translator of the novel translated
the idiom above in it was up in the Source Language into terserah padaku in the Target
Language because it consists of two words. Those are a personal pronoun “it” and a prepositional
word up. Based on the meaning of its translation, the phrase in the bold type in the Source
language is an idiom named phrasal verb. In this case, the translator used faithfull translation
because the translator tried to make the result of his translation to be accepted by the readers who
reads the novel. In translating the idiom above, the translator refers to the culture where this
novel was published. It can be seen in both bold phrasal verbs above that the translator did not
translate the phrase it was up into ini naik ke atas. If the translator translated that word into ini
naik ke atas then the result of its translation would not be accepted because the context
happened in that novel would not appropriate. In this case, the translator needs to translate the
idiom of phrasal verb based on its culture in order to be well accepted by the readers.
36
Excerpt 6
Today is the fist Hari ini adalah hari Phrasal verb Faithful
day of school, and pertama masuk sekolah, Translation
right now we‟re just dan sekarang kami
waiting around for sedang menunggu guru
the teacher to hurry kami untuk cepat-cepat
up and finish the menyusun daftar tempat
seating chart. (pg. 4) duduk. (pg.4)
the idiom above in waiting around in the Source Language into sedang menunggu in the
Target Language because it consists of two words. Those are a verb waiting and a prepositional
word around. Based on the meaning of its translation, the phrase in the bold type in the Source
language is an idiom named phrasal verb. In this case, the translator used faithfull translation
translate the phrase waiting around into menunggu sekeliling. If the translator translated that
word into menunggu sekeliling then the result of its translation would not be accepted because
the context happened in that novel would not appropriate. In this case, the translator needs to
37
translate the idiom of phrasal verb based on its culture in order to be well accepted by the
readers.
Meanwhile, the following table of the excerpt 8 below is another example of idiom
found in the diary cartoon novel.
Excerpt 8
You walk into the Pada hari pertama Phrasal verbs Faithfull
classroom and just masuk sekolah, kalian Translation
plunk ... (pg. 4) harus sangat berhati-
hati soal tempat duduk .
(pg.4)
According to the table of the excerpt 8 above, it is found that that the translator of the
novel translated the idiom above in walk into in the Source Language into masuk in the Target
Language because it consists of two words. Those are a verb walk and a prepositional word into.
Based on the meaning of its translation, the phrase in the bold type in the Source language is an
idiom named phrasal verbs. In this case, the translator used faithfull translation because the
translator tried to make the result of his translation to be accepted by the readers who reads the
novel. In translating the idiom above, the translator refers to the culture where this novel was
published. It can be seen in both bold phrasal verbs above that the translator did not translate the
phrase walk into to berjalan ke dalam. If the translator translated that word into berjalan ke
dalam then the result of its translation would not be accepted because the context happened in
38
that novel would not appropriate. In this case, the translator needs to translate the idiom of
phrasal verbs based on its culture in order to be well accepted by the readers.
Excerpt 7
So I figured I might Jadi, kurasa lebih baik incorporating Free
as well write in this aku menulis buku ini verbs Translation
book to pass the untuk mengisi waktu.
time. (pg. 4) (pg.4)
novel translated the idiom above in pass the time in the Source Language into mengisi waktu in
the Target Language because it consists of a verb phrase ”pass the time”. Based on the meaning
of its translation, the phrase in the bold type in the Source language is an idiom named
incorporating verbs. In this case, the translator used free translation because the translator tried to
make the result of his translation to be accepted by the readers who reads the novel. In translating
the idiom above, the translator refers to the culture where this novel was published. It can be
seen in both bold phrase above that the translator did not translate the phrase pass the time into
melewatkan waktu. If the translator translated that word into melewatkan waktu then the result
of its translation would not be accepted because the context happened in that novel would not
appropriate. In this case, the translator needs to translate the idiom of incorporating verbs based
on its culture in order to be well accepted by the readers.

39
Meanwhile, the following table of the excerpt 9 below is another example of idiom
found in the diary cartoon novel.
Excerpt 9
Jason Brill came in Jason Brill terlambat Phrasal verbs Faithfull
late and almost sat to masuk dan hampir saja Translation
my right (pg. 5) duduk di sebelah
kananku. (pg.5)
novel translated the idiom above in came in in the Source Language into masuk in the Target
Language because it consists of two words. Those are a verb came and a prepositional word in.
phrase came in to datang ke dalam. If the translator translated that word into datang dalam
then the result of its translation would not be accepted because the context happened in that
novel would not appropriate. In this case, the translator needs to translate the idiom of phrasal
verbs based on its culture in order to be well accepted by the readers.

40
According to the table of the excerpt 10 below is another example of idiom found in the
Excerpt 10
Next period, I should Pada jam berikutnya Phrasal verbs Faithfull
just sit in the middle nanti, begitu memasuki Translation
of a bunch of hot girls ruang kelas, aku akan
as soon as I stept in duduk ditengah-tengah
the room (pg. 5) kerumunan cewek
cantik. (pg.5)
novel translated the idiom above in sit in in the Source Language into duduk in the Target
Language because it consists of two words. Those are a verb sit and a prepositional word in.
phrase sit in to duduk di dalam. If the translator translated that word into duduk di dalam then
the result of its translation would not be accepted because the context happened in that novel
would not appropriate. In this case, the translator needs to translate the idiom of phrasal verbs
based on its culture in order to be well accepted by the readers.

41
Excerpt 11
Next period, I Pada jam berikutnya Tournures Free
should just sit in the nanti, begitu memasuki Translation
middle of a bunch of ruang kelas, aku akan
hot girls as soon as I duduk ditengah-tengah
stept in the room kerumunan cewek
(pg. 5) cantik. (pg.5)
According to the table 11 above, it is found that that the translator of the novel
translated the idiom above in next period in the Source Language into Pada jam berikutnya
nanti in the Target Language. Based on the meaning of its translation, the phrase in the bold type
in the Source language is an idiom named tournures. In this case, the translator used free
translation in translating the phrase because the translator tried to make the result of his
translation to be accepted by the readers who reads the novel. In translating the idiom of
tournures above, the translator refers to the culture where this novel was published. It can be seen
in both bold phrasal verbs above that the translator did not translate the phrase next period into
periode berikutnya. If the translator translated by using word for word translation into periode
berikutnya then the result of its translation would not be accepted because the context happened
in that novel would not appropriate. In this case, the translator needs to translate the idiom of
tournures based on its culture in order to be well accepted by the readers.

42
Excerpt 12
Man, I don‟t know Ya ampun, aku nggak Irreversible Semantic
WHAT is up with tahu ada APA dengan binomials Translation
girls these days. cewek-cewek zaman
(pg. 6) sekarang. (pg.6)
translated the idiom above in man in the Source Language into Ya ampun in the Target
Language. It can be seen in the bold type of the Source Language that “man” is a noun while “Ya
ampun” in Target Language is a noun phrase. Based on the meaning of its translation, the phrase
in the bold type in the Source language is an idiom named Irreversible binomials. In this case,
the translator used semantic translation in translating the phrase because the translator tried to
make the result of his translation to be accepted by the readers who reads the novel. In translating
the idiom of irreversible binomials above, the translator refers to the culture where this novel was
phrase man into laki – laki. If the translator translated by using word for word translation into
laki – laki then the result of its translation would not be accepted because the context happened
irreversible binomials based on its culture in order to be well accepted by the readers.
43
Excerpt 13
Man, I don‟t know Ya ampun, aku nggak Irreversible Semantic
WHAT is up with tahu ada APA dengan binomials Translation
girls these days. cewek-cewek zaman
(pg. 6) sekarang. (pg.6)
novel translated the idiom above in these days in the Source Language into zaman sekarang in
the Target Language. Based on the meaning of its translation, the phrase in the bold type in the
Source language is an idiom named Irreversible binomials. In this case, the translator used
semantic translation in translating the phrase because the translator tried to make the result of his
translation to be accepted by the readers who reads the novel. In translating the idiom of
irreversible binomials above, the translator refers to the culture where this novel was published.
It can be seen in both bold phrasal verbs above that the translator did not translate the phrase
these days into hari – hari ini. If the translator translated by using word for word translation into
hari – hari ini then the result of its translation would not be accepted because the context
idiom of irreversible binomials based on its culture in order to be well accepted by the readers.
44
Excerpt 14
I have always been Aku dari dulu selalu Phrasal verbs Faithfull
into girls, but kids suka pada cewek, tapi Translation
like Bryce have anak – anak seperrti
only come around Bryce baru berubah
in the last couple of pendapat tentang
years (pg. 6) cewek – cewek pada
beberapa tahun terakhir.
(pg.6)
novel translated the idiom above in come around in the Source Language into berubah
pendapat in the Target Language because it consists of two words. Those are a verb come and a
prepositional word around. Based on the meaning of its translation, the phrase in the bold type
in the Source language is an idiom named phrasal verbs. In this case, the translator used faithfull
where this novel was published. It can be seen in both bold phrasal verbs above that the
translator did not translate the phrase come around into datang ke sekeliling. If the translator
translated that word into datang ke sekeliling then the result of its translation would not be
45
accepted because the context happened in that novel would not appropriate. In this case, the
translator needs to translate the idiom of phrasal verbs based on its culture in order to be well
accepted by the readers.
Excerpt 15
I have always been Aku dari dulu selalu Tournures Free
into girls, but kids suka pada cewek, tapi Translation
like Bryce have only anak – anak seperrti
come around in the Bryce baru berubah
last couple of years pendapat tentang cewek
(pg. 6) – cewek pada beberapa
tahun terakhir. (pg.6)
translated the idiom above in I have always been into girls in the Source Language into Aku
dari dulu selalu suka pada cewek in the Target Language. Based on the meaning of its
translation, the clause in the bold type in the Source language is an idiom named tournures. In
this case, the translator used free translation because the translator tried to make the result of his
translation to be accepted by the readers who reads the novel. In translating the idiom above, the
translator refers to the culture where this novel was published. It can be seen in both bold
tournures above that the translator did not translate the phrase I have always been into girls into
46
saya selalu tergila – gila dengan perempuan . If the translator translated that word into saya
selalu tergila – gila dengan perempuan then the result of its translation would not be accepted
because the context happened in that novel would not appropriate. In this case, the translator
needs to translate the idiom of tournures based on its culture in order to be well accepted by the
readers.
Excerpt 16
But the good news Tapi kabar bagusnya Phrasal verbs Faithfull
is that I‟m about to adalah aku akan naik Translation
move up one spot satu peringkat diatasku.
because Charlie (pg.7)
Davies is above me
(pg. 7)
novel translated the idiom above in move up in the Source Language into berubah pendapat in
the Target Language because it consists of two words. Those are a verb move and a prepositional
word up. Based on the meaning of its translation, the phrase in the bold type in the Source
language is an idiom named phrasal verbs. In this case, the translator used faithfull translation
47
translate the phrase move up into pindah keatas. If the translator translated that word into
pindah keatas then the result of its translation would not be accepted because the context
idiom of phrasal verbs based on its culture in order to be well accepted by the readers.
Excerpt 17
But I think it just Tapi kurasa hal itu Tournures Free
goes in one ear and hanya masuk ke Translation
out the other with telinga kanan dan
him (pg. 8) keluar dari telinga
kirinya. (pg.8)
translated the idiom above in one ear and out in the Source Language into masuk ke telinga
kanan dan keluar dari telinga kirinya in the Target Language. Based on the meaning of its
translation, the clause in the bold type in the Source language is an idiom named tournures. In
this case, the translator used free translation because the translator tried to make the result of his
translation to be accepted by the readers who reads the novel. In translating the idiom above, the
translator refers to the culture where this novel was published. It can be seen in both bold
tournures above that the translator did not translate the phrase in one ear and out into masuk
dan keluar telinga. If the translator translated that word into masuk dan keluar telinga then the
48
result of its translation would not be accepted because the context happened in that novel would
not appropriate. In this case, the translator needs to translate the idiom of tournures based on its
culture in order to be well accepted by the readers.
Excerpt 18
Today we had Phys Hari ini kami ada Phrasal verbs Faithfull
Ed, so the first thing pelajaran olahraga, jadi, Translation
I did when I got hal pertama yang
outside was sneak kulakukan sat sampai
off to the basketball diluar adalah
court to see if the mengendap-endap ke
Cheese was still lapangan basket untuk
there. (pg. 8) melihat apakah keju
masih berada
ditempatnya. (pg.8)
the idiom above in sneak off in the Source Language into mengendap – endap in the Target
Language because it consists of two words. Those are a verb sneak and a prepositional word off.
49
phrase sneak off into pergi diam - diam. If the translator translated that word into pergi diam –
diam then the result of its translation would not be accepted because the context happened in that
novel would not appropriate. In this case, the translator needs to translate the idiom of phrasal
verbs based on its culture in order to be well accepted by the readers.
Excerpt 19
That piece of Potongan keju itu sudah Phrasal verbs Faithfull
cheese has been menempel diatas Translation
sitting on the black lapangan basket sejak
top since last spring. musim semi lalu. (pg.9)
(pg. 9)
novel translated the idiom above in sitting on in the Source Language into menempel in the
Target Language because it consists of two words. Those are a verb sitting and a prepositional
word on. Based on the meaning of its translation, the phrase in the bold type in the Source
50
translate the phrase sitting on into duduk diatasnya. If the translator translated that word into
duduk diatasnya then the result of its translation would not be accepted because the context
idiom of phrasal verbs based on its culture in order to be well accepted by the readers.
Basen on the table of the excerpt 20 below is another example of idiom found in the
Excerpt 20
I guess it must‟ve Kurasa benda itu Phrasal verbs Faithfull
dropped out of menetes keluar dari Translation
someone‟s sandwich Sandwich milik
or something. (pg. seseorang atau apalah.
9) (pg.9)
translated the idiom above in dropped out in the Source Language into menetes in the Target
Language because it consists of two words. Those are a verb dropped and a prepositional word
out. Based on the meaning of its translation, the phrase in the bold type in the Source language
is an idiom named phrasal verbs. In this case, the translator used faithfull translation because the
published. It can be seen in both bold phrasal verbs above that the translator did not translated
51
the phrase dropped out into keluar. If the translator translated that word into keluar then the
not appropriate. In this case, the translator needs to translate the idiom of phrasal verbs based on
its culture in order to be well accepted by the readers.
According to the table 21 below is another example of idiom found in the diary cartoon
novel.
Excerpt 21
I ended up taping Aku akhirnya Phrasal verbs Faithfull
mine together so membebat jari – jariku Translation
they‟d stay crossed dengan pita perekat
all the time. (pg. 9) agar tetap tersilang
sepanjang waktu. (pg.9)
translated the idiom above in ended up in the Source Language into akhirnya in the Target
Language. Based on the meaning of its translation, the phrase in the bold type in the Source
translated the phrase ended up into selesai. If the translator translated that word into selesai then
52
novel.
Excerpt 22
I just hope someone Aku hanya berharap Phrasal verbs Faithfull
doesn‟t start the semoga saja tidak ada Translation
Cheese touch up yang kembali memulai
again. (pg. 9) sentuhan keju. (pg.9)
translated the idiom above in touch up in the Source Language into sentuhan in the Target
translated the phrase touch up into memegang. If the translator translated that word into
memegang then the result of its translation would not be accepted because the context happened
phrasal verbs based on its culture in order to be well accepted by the readers.
53
novel.
Excerpt 23
... I have to get out ... aku harus bangun Phrasal verbs Faithfull
of bed every dari tempat tidur setiap Translation
morning to go to pagi untuk berangkat ke
school. (pg. 10) sekolah. (pg.10)
translated the idiom above in get out in the Source Language into bangun in the Target
translated the phrase get out into keluar. If the translator translated that word into keluar then

54
novel.
Excerpt 24
My summer did not Musim panasku tidak Phrasal verbs Faithfull
exactly get off to a dimulai dengan baik. Translation
great start. (pg. 10) (pg.10)
translated the idiom above in get off in the Source Language into dimulai in the Target
translated the phrase get off into turun. If the translator translated that word into turun then the
not appropriate. In this case, the translator needs to translate the idiom of phrasal verbs based on
its culture in order to be well accepted by the readers

55
novel.
Excerpt 25
He told me i slept Dia bilang aku Phrasal verbs Faithfull
through the whole ketiduran sepanjang Translation
summer. (pg. 11) musim panas. (pg.11)
translated the idiom above in slept through in the Source Language into ketiduran sepanjang
in the Target Language. Based on the meaning of its translation, the phrase in the bold type in
the Source language is an idiom named phrasal verbs. In this case, the translator used faithfull
translator did not translated the phrase slept through into tidur terus. If the translator translated
that word into tidur terus then the result of its translation would not be accepted because the
translate the idiom of phrasal verbs based on its culture in order to be well accepted by the
readers.
56
novel.
Excerpt 26
I was pretty dumb Kalian pasti berpikir Phrasal verbs Faithfull
for falling for that aku terlalu bodoh untuk Translation
one, but Rodrick percaya pada kibulan
was dressed up in seperti itu, namu
his school clothes ... Rodrick memakai baju
(pg. 11) sekolah ... (pg.11)
translated the idiom above in dressed up in the Source Language into memakai baju in the
Target Language. Based on the meaning of its translation, the phrase in the bold type in the
Source language is an idiom named phrasal verbs. In this case, the translator used faithfull
translator did not translated the phrase dressed up into mengenakan. If the translator translated
that word into mengenakan then the result of its translation would not be accepted because the
translate the idiom of phrasal verbs based on its culture in order to be well accepted by the
readers
57
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGESSTION
5.1 Conclusion
Observing the comprehensive analysis of the news text taken from a comic novel, it can
be concluded that the translators used various method in rendering English texts as the source
language text into Indonesian as the target language text. The method is divided into some
method such as word for translation, adaptation, literal, faithful etc.
There are also four types of idiom found in the comic novel entitled “Diary of a Wimpy
Kid” by Jeff Kinney and “Buku Harian Wimpy Kid” which was written by Ali Muakhir and
translated by Noviana Abdu. The first is phrasal verb. This type of idioms is the highest of all
with 37 numbers. In this case, the translator translated the source language into the target
language still used the phrasal verb like in the source language. Then, it is followed by
Incorporating verbs with 10. The other idioms found in the novel is Irreversible binomials with 2
number and the least number of idiom found in the data is Tournures with only 1 found in the
data.
The most method used by the translator in translating the comic novel is faithful
translation. The translator applies faithful translation method due to the purpose to maintain the
naturalness and the readability of TL text. It can be seen that faithful translation with 27
numbers. In this case, the translator attempts to reproduce the precise contextual meaning of the
original within the constraint of the target language grammatical structure. Then it is followed by
free translation with 17 numbers. Meanwhile, the other method of translation found in the comic
58
novel is semantic translation with 3. Meanwhile, the method of translation word for word
translation is equal to semantic translation with 3 found in the comic novel.
5.2 Suggestion
The result of this study can be used as guidelines for inexperienced translators when
facing the similar problems. The findings can also help the interested translators to be aware of
translation problems since there are differences between the SL and the TL.
Meanwhile, there are some suggestions from the researcher for further studies, they are:
1. It would be interesting to analyze other translation work of the same translator to observe
if the method used in translation will remain the same.
2. This translation analysis emphasized only at the word level. It will be interesting to
analyze other levels such as grammatical, textual pragmatic.
3. There should be a translation analysis in other text types such as novels, short stories,
business and articles in magazines or newspapers.

59
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Baker, Mona.1992.In other word a course book on translation. London: Routledge
Bassnet - Mc.Guire, Susan.1980.Translation Studies. New York: Methuen & Co,Ltd.
Bassnet, Susan. 1991. Translation Studies. London and New York: Routledge.
Bell, Roger. T. 1991. Translation and Translating: Theory and Practice.UK. Longman.
Buss. 1981. Pedagogie: For Translation and Interpreting. Spain: Martha Tennant.
Catford, J.C.1974. A Linguistic Theory of Translation: An Essay on Applied Linguistic. London: Oxford
University.
Hanafy, Nurahman. 1986. Teori & seni menerjemahkan. Ende Flores. Nusa Indah.
Hoed, Beny. 2006. Penerjemahan dan Kebudayaan. Jakarta: Pustaka Jaya.
Kridalaksana, Harimurti. 1984. Kamus Linguistik. Jakarta: PT.Gramedia.
Landers, Clifford E. 2001. Literary Translation:Apartial Guide. UK: Crowell press Ltd.
Larson, Mildred L.1984. Meaning Based Translation America: University Press of
America
Machali, Rohayah. 2000. Pedoman bagi penerjemah. Jakarta: PT. Grasindo.
Millard, and Jackie Marsh. 2001. Sending Minnie Miny Home: Comics and reading Choice.
Combridge Journal or Education.Vol 31.
Nababan, M. Rudolf. 1999. Aspek Teori Penerjemahan dan Pengalihbahasaan. Yogyakarta:
Pustaka Pelajar
Newmark, Peter.1988. Textbook of Translation. New York: Prentice-Hall International
Nida, E.A. and Charles. R Taber. 1974. The Theory and Practice of Translation. Leiden:
J.E.Brili.
Nida, Eugen A. 2001. Contexts in translating. Amsterdam: John Publising Company.

60
Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary. 2000. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Simatupang, M.D.S 1999. Pengantar teori penerjemahan. Jakarta: Direktorat Jenderal
Pendidikan Tinggi Pendidikan Nasional.
Spears, Richard A. 1993. Dictionary of English Idioms. Indonesia: Erlangga.
Suryawinata, Zuchridin. 1989. Terjemahan: Pengantar Teori dan Praktek. Jakarta: Departemen
Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.
The New International Webster’s Comprehensive Dictionary.2003.Florida: Typhoon
International.
APPENDIX
TYPES OF METHOD AND IDIOM
No Source Language Page Target Language Page Type of Idiom Method
1. But when Mom went out 1 Waktu Mom pergi membeli 1 Phrasal verb Free
to buy this thing... buku ini... Translation
2. The other thing I want to 1 Hal lain yang ingin segera ku 1 Phrasal verb Faithful
clear up right away is that luruskan : semua ini gagasan Translation
this was MOM's idea, not MOM, bukan mauku
mine
4 So is book is gonna come Jadi, buku ini bisa membantu incorporating Free
in handy verbs Translation
3. But if she think I'm going 1 Namun, kalau Mom mengira 1 Phrasal verb Faithful
to write down my aku akan menuliskan semua Translation
xii
“feelings”in here or “perasaanku”di dalam buku ini
whatever, she's crazy atau apalah, dia ngawur
5. You got kids like me who 3 Ada anak-anak seperti aku 3 Incorporating Faithful
haven't hit their growth yang belum mencapai masa verb Translation
spurt akil balik
6. If it was up to me... 3 Kalau segalanya terserah 3 Phrasal verb Faithful
padaku... Translation
7. And right now we're just 4 Dan sekarang kami sedang 4 Phrasal verb Faithful
waiting around for... menunggu... Translation
8. For the teacher hurry up 4 Guru kami untuk cepat-cepat 4 Phrasal verb Faithful
and finish the seating menyusun daftar tempat duduk Translation
chart
9. So I figured I might as 4 Jadi kurasa lebih baik aku 4 Incorporating Free
well write inthis book to menulis buku ini untuk verb Translation
xiii
pass the time mengisi waktu
10 You walk into the 4 Kalian masuk ke dalam ruang 4 Phrasal verb Faithful
. classroom... kelas... Translation
11 And just plunk your stuff 4 Serta meletakkan barang 4 Phrasal verb Free
. down on... kalian di... Translation
12 Jason Brill came in late 5 Jason Brill terlambat masuk 5 Phrasal verb Free
. and... dan... Translation
13 I should just sit in the 5 Aku akan duduk di tengah- 5 Phrasal verb Free
. middle... tengah... Translation
14 Man, I don't know 6 Ya ampun, aku nggak tau ada 6 Pseudo-idioms Semantic
. WHAT... APA... Translation
15 Bryce have only come 6 Bryce baru berubah pendapat 6 Phrasal verb Free
. around in the last couple tentang cewek-cewek pada Translation
of years... beberapa tahun terakhir...
xiv
16 But the good news is that 7 Tapi kabar bagusnya adalah 7 Phrasal verb
. I'm about to move up... aku akan naik...
17 In one ear and out the 8 Hanya masuk telinga kanan 8 Irreversible Free
. other with him dan keluar dari telinga binomials Translation
kirinya
18 Sneak off to the 8 Mengendap-endap ke 8 Phrasal verb Free
. basketball court to see... lapangan basket untuk Translation
melihat...
19 That piece of Cheese has 9 Potongan keju itu sudah 9 Phrasal verb Free
. been sitting on the menempel diatas lapangan Translation
blacktop since last spring basket sejak musim semi lalu
20 I guess it must've 9 Kurasa benda itu menetes... 9 Phrasal verb Free
. dropped out... Translation
21 The cheese started getting 9 Keju mulai ditumbuhi jamur 9 Irreversible Semantic
xv
. all moldy and nasty dan berubah menjijikan binomials Translation
22 I ended up taping mine 10 Aku akhirnya membebat jari- 10 Phrasal verb Free
. together... jariku... Translation
23 This summer Abe moved 10 Musim panas tahun ini, Abe 10 Phrasal verb Faithful
. away to... pindah ke... Translation
24 I just hope someone 10 Aku hanya berharap semoga 10 Phrasal verb Faithful
. doesn't star the Cheese saja tidak ada yang kembali Translation
touch up again... memulai sentuhan keju...
25 I have to get out of bed 10 Aku harus bangun dari tempat 10 Phrasal verb Faithful
. every morning to go to tidursetiap pagi untuk Translation
school berangkat ke sekolah
26 My summer did not 10 Musim panasku tidak dimulai 10 Phrasal verb Faithful
. exactly get off to a great dengan baik... Translation
start...
xvi
27 Rodrick woke me up... 11 Rodrick membangunkanku... 11 Phrasal verb Faithful
. Translation
28 He told me I slept 11 Dia bilang aku ketiduran 11 Phrasal verb Faithful
. through the whole sepanjang musim panas... Translation
summer...
29 But that luckily I woke up 11 Tetapi aku beruntung bisa 11 Incorporating Faithful
. just in time for the first bangun tepat waktu pada hari verbs Translation
day of school... pertama sekolah...
30 But Rodrick was dressed 11 Namun, Rodrick memakai 11 Phrasal verb Faithful
. up in his school... baju sekolah... Translation
31 And he set my alarm 11 Dan dia menyetel jam 11 Phrasal verb Free
. clock ahead... bekerku... Translation
32 I couldn't see that it was 11 Aku tidak bisa melihat langit 11 Phrasal verb Faithful
. still dark out diluar yang masih gelap Translation
xvii
33 After Rodrick woke me 11 Setelah Rodrick 11 Phrasal verb Faithful
. up,... membangunkanku,... Translation
34 It took me a minute to 12 Aku membutuhkan waktu 12 Phrasal verb Free
. figure out what the heck semenit untuk menyadari apa Translation
was going on... yang sebenarnya terjadi...
35 After I did, I told Dad that 12 Setelah sadar, aku memberi 12 Phrasal verb Faithful
. Rodrick had played a tahu Dad bahwa Rodrick Translation
trick on me... mengerjaiku...
36 Dad walked down to the 12 Dad berjalan ke ruang bawah 12 Phrasal verb Faithful
. basement... tanah... Translation
37 But Rodrick covered up 13 Namun Rodrick menutupi 12 Phrasal verb Faithful
. his tracks pretty good... jejaknya dengan baik... Translation
38 But you can figure it out 13 Namun, kita bisa segera 13 Incorporating Free
. right away by looking at menebaknya dengan melihat verbs Translation
xviii
the covers of the books sampul buku yang mereka
they hand out... bagikan...
39 I was preety disappointed 14 Aku agak kecewa saat tahu... 14 Phrasal verb Faithful
. to find out... Translation
40 I got put in the Gifted 14 Aku masuk ke dalam 14 Phrasal verb Faithful
. group... kelompok berbakat... Translation
41 So I'll bet she stepped in 14 Jadi kurasa dia pasti campur 14 Phrasal verb Semantic
. and made sure I got ... tangan dan memastikan aku Translation
kembali...
42 So you end up surprising 15 Sehingga pada akhirnya, aku 15 Phrasal verb Faithful
. them... membuat mereka terkejut... Translation
43 Holding their books 16 Memegang buku-buku mereka 16 Pseudo idioms Faithful
. upside down... secara terbalik... Translation
44 Well, the first week of 16 Yah, minggu pertama 16 Phrasal verb Free
xix
. school is finally over, so bersekolah sudah berlalu, jadi Translation
today I slept in... hari ini aku bisa bangun siang
45 The only reason I get out 16 Satu-satunya alasanku bangun 16 Phrasal verb Free
. of bed at all on weekends dari tempat tidur di akhir Translation
is because eventually... pekan hanyalah...
46 I didn't have anything to 17 Aku tidak punya rencana apa 17 Phrasal verb Faithful
. do today so I just headed pun hari ini.Jadi, aku pergi ke Translation
up to Rowley's house... rumah Rowley...
47 And Rowley came up to 18 Dan Rowley mendekatiku dan 18 Phrasal verb Faithful
meand said... berkata... Translation
48 I have told Rowley at least 18 Sudah jutaan kali aku bilang 18 Phrasal verb Faithful
. a billion times that now pada Rowley bahwa kami Translation
that were in midlle sudah duduk di sekolah
school,you're supposed to menengah pertama jadi, dia
xx
say,”hang out,” not seharusnya mengatakan
“play”... “nongkrong”,bukan
“bermain” bersama...
49 I guess I kind of felt sorry 19 Kurasa aku agak kasihan pada 19 Incorporating Faithful
. for Rowley, and I decided Rowley, dan aku memutuskan verbs Translation
to take him under my untuk melindunginya
wing
50 It’s been great having 19 Rasanya seru kalau ada 19 Incorporating Faithful
. him around,mostly Rowley,terutama karena aku verbs Translation
because I get to use all... mendapatkan kesempatan
untuk menggunakan semua
trik...
xxi

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METHODS OF TRANSLATION IN COMIC NOVEL

“DIARY OF A WIMPY KID” INTO “BUKU HARIAN WIMPY”

Presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements

Semarang, 25 September 2013

Rahmanti Asmarani, M.Hum.

second, stick-to-itiveness; third, common sense.

- Your future depends on many things, but mostly on you.

I would like to dedicate this thesis for to:

 My beloved family, especially my parents

 All of my lecturers who always teach me with love

At this happiest moment, I would like to express my sincere respect and

the writing of this thesis;

2. Mr. Achmad Basari, S.S. M.Pd., Dean of Faculty of Humanities of Dian

Nuswantoro University, who gave permission to me to conduct this thesis;

3. Mr.Sarif Syamsu Rizal, M.Hum., Head of English Department of Strata 1

Program, Faculty of Humanities, Dian Nuswantoro University, who gave

permission to me to conduct this thesis;

4. Mrs. Rahmanti Asmarani, M.Hum., as my advisor, for her continuous and

valuable guidance, advice and encouragement in completing this thesis;

5. All lecturers at the English Department of Faculty of Humanities of Dian

Nuswantoro University, who have taught, motivated, and given guidance

during the writing of this thesis;

6. Administration staff of Faculty of Humanities, for the help during my study at

Dian Nuswantoro University;

7. Librarians of Central Library of Dian Nuswantoro University for their

permission for me to use some valuable references in writing this thesis;

8. Self-Access Center (SAC) who gave permission to me to use some valuable

references in writing this thesis;

for motivation and kindness that they have given to me;

during the writing of this thesis. You mean so much to me;

shortcoming. For this, I welcome any suggestions and criticisms.

Semarang, September 25th, 2013

PAGE OF TITLE ................................................................................................ i

PAGE OF APPROVAL ...................................................................................... iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................... viii

LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................ x

LIST OF APPENDICES ..................................................................................... xii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION .................................................................... 1

1.1 Background of the Study.................................................. 1

1.2 Statement of the Problem ................................................. 4

1.3 Scope of the Study ........................................................... 4

1.4 Objective of the Study...................................................... 5

1.5 Significance of the Study ................................................. 5

1.6 Thesis Organization ......................................................... 5

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE .............................. 7

2.1 Process of Translation .................................................... 7

2.2 Translation Method and Procedure ................................10

2.3 Meaning ..........................................................................17

2.4 Idiomatic Translation .....................................................20

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD..........................................................26

3.1 Research Design............................................................26

3.2 Unit of Analysis.............................................................26

3.3 Source of Data …..........................................................26

3.4 Technique of Data Collection........................................27

3.5 Technique of Data Analysis..........................................27

CHAPTER IV DATA ANALYSIS.................................................................29

4.1 The Findings...................................................................29

4.2 Discussion of the Method of Translating Idiom.............31

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION..................................57