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    The document discusses Imhotep, considered the first known architect in history. As an official under Pharaoh Djoser in ancient Egypt, Imhotep designed the Step Pyramid at Saqqara between 2630-2611 BC, which was the first building made entirely of stone of that size. He is also credited with introducing the use of columns in architecture. Imhotep's image and influence lasted through the Ptolemaic period in Egypt.

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    ARKITEKTURA

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    The document discusses Imhotep, considered the first known architect in history. As an official under Pharaoh Djoser in ancient Egypt, Imhotep designed the Step Pyramid at Saqqara between 2630-2611 BC, which was the first building made entirely of stone of that size. He is also credited with introducing the use of columns in architecture. Imhotep's image and influence lasted through the Ptolemaic period in Egypt.

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    The document discusses Imhotep, considered the first known architect in history. As an official under Pharaoh Djoser in ancient Egypt, Imhotep designed the Step Pyramid at Saqqara between 2630-2611 BC, which was the first building made entirely of stone of that size. He is also credited with introducing the use of columns in architecture. Imhotep's image and influence lasted through the Ptolemaic period in Egypt.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    90 views5 pages

    ARKITEKTURA

    Uploaded by

    jac bnvsta
    The document discusses Imhotep, considered the first known architect in history. As an official under Pharaoh Djoser in ancient Egypt, Imhotep designed the Step Pyramid at Saqqara between 2630-2611 BC, which was the first building made entirely of stone of that size. He is also credited with introducing the use of columns in architecture. Imhotep's image and influence lasted through the Ptolemaic period in Egypt.

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    The First Known Architect in History

    Posted by Worthington Millwork on 3/25/13 1:19 PM

    Thought to be the very first architect in history was Imhotep. As one of the officials of the
    Pharaoh Djoser, he designed the Pyramid of Djoser (the Step Pyramid) at Saqqara in Egypt
    in 2630 – 2611 BC.He may have been responsible for the first known use
    of columns in architecture. As an instigator of Egyptian culture, Imhotep's idealized image
    lasted well into the Ptolemaic period. The Egyptian historian Manetho credited him with
    inventing the method of a stone-dressed building during Djoser's reign, though he was not
    the first to actually build with stone. Stone walling, flooring, lintels, and jambs had
    appeared sporadically during the Archaic Period, though it is true that a building of the
    Step Pyramid's size and made entirely out of stone had never before been constructed.
    Before Djoser, pharaohs were buried in mastaba tombs.

    1. Main Building – University of Santo Tomas

    (Image source: Wikimedia Commons)

    Designed by a Spanish priest-civil


    engineer Rev. Fr. Roque Ruaño in
    1920 to 1923, the main building of the
    Philippine’s oldest university, located
    along Espana Boulevard, is also the
    first earthquake resistant building in
    the country. The design was fine
    tuned after the lessons learned from
    the Great Kantō earthquake that
    flattened Tokyo and Yokohama in
    September 1, 1923.
    2. Quezon Hall – University of the Philippines Diliman

    (Image source: Wikipedia.org)

    Designed by Juan Nakpil, the first


    architect to receive the National
    Artist award in 1973, Quezon Hall
    houses the administrative offices
    of the university located in
    Diliman, Quezon City.
    Constructed in the 1950s, the
    building sports an eclectic style,
    combining different styles into
    one structure. The same style is
    used for the university’s main library, also designed by Nakpil.

    3. Nicanor Reyes Hall – Far Eastern University Complex

    (Image source: FEU website)

    Considered the largest body of work


    done in Art Deco style in Manila, the
    Nicanor Reyes Hall is part of the five
    buildings in the FEU complex
    designed by Pablo Antonio. Antonio
    is the second architect to receive the
    National Artist award in 1976, a year
    after his death. In 2005, the five Art
    Deco-style buildings earned a
    citation from the United Nations
    Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) for the Asia-Pacific Heritage Award for
    Cultural Heritage.

    4. Philippine International Convention Center

    (Image source: universepageanthall.wordpress.com)

    An example of the massive, fortress-style Brutalist architecture, the Philippine International Convention
    Center (PICC) is a brainchild of Leandro
    Locsin, one of the greatest master
    architects that the Philippines has
    produced. For a state-of-the-art
    structure, the PICC was surprisingly
    completed within only 23 months from
    1974 to 1976. It has hosted foreign and
    local conventions, including the annual
    Awards Night of the Filipino Academy of
    Movie Arts and Sciences (FAMAS).
    5. National Theater – Cultural Center of the Philippines Complex

    (Image source: dianaabend.wordpress.com)

    The National Theater or Tanghalang


    Pambansa, formerly the Theater of
    Performing Arts, is the CCP’s
    flagship venue and houses its
    principal offices. Like the PICC, the
    theater is only a part of the CCP
    complex, a sprawling 88-hectare
    government owned structure.

    The National Theater’s design is


    another work by Leandro Locsin and
    carries his signature style of the “floating volume,” which combines a heavy use of concrete with
    elevated structures. The result is a startling contrast of a massive looking structure that seemingly floats.

    If you’re building or renovating your house, are you always “lost in translation” when talking to your
    contractor or finisher? It may sound like a secret construction code, but it’s quite easy to learn or
    remember (so you’ll know exactly what they’re doing). Here are the common Pinoy constru terms and
    their meanings:

    TERMS

    Alulod

    Alulod means gutter. When preparing for the rainy season, tell your handyman: “Tingnan mo naman
    yung yero kung may butas. At linisin mo yung alulod—puno na siya ng dahon.”

    Anay finish

    This is a rough concrete wall finish (so-called because it looks termites ate through it). It’s achieved by
    flattening a rough concrete finish with a trowel (a flat-bladed hand tool), and was popular in the 1980s-
    90s.

    Asintada

    Asintada is the alignment of the wall. “Wala sa asintada” means it’s not aligned. “Asintahin” is to align.
    Workers might say, “Natayo na ba ang asinta?” to ask whether the wall has been put up.

    Balbon

    Not hairiness, but rater, a wall defect that is the result of uneven plastering done by an inexperienced
    mason.

    Dangkal

    Length from tip of your thumb to the tip of your pinky finger (length depends on whose hand you’re
    using).
    Dipa

    Another unit of measurement—the length of both arms stretched out (including torso).

    Dos Aguas and Quatro Aguas Roof

    A dos aguas has two sides or slopes (a gable roof), and quatro aguas has four sides (a hip roof). Use
    either of the terms when you want to specify the type of roof, e.g. “Gawin nating quatro aguas ang
    bubong.”

    Dos por dos, etc.

    When specifying the sizes of wood for rough carpentry, refer to these terms: dos por dos is a 2”x2” strip
    of wood used in ceiling or cabinet framing; uno por dos is 1” x 2” wood, and de uno is a slim 1” x 1”
    piece. Suppliers sell these wood strips at 8ft (2.4m) in length.

    Ducco or duko

    When designers want a durable finish for wood, they specify ducco–a type of paint finish. Painters
    achieve this finish by applying putty, and sanding and painting in layers. This is more expensive than
    your typical paint finish.

    Hamba

    Carpenters use wood for constructing the hamba, or jamb—a frame surrounding the door or window.

    Hulog

    When masons put up a concrete wall, they check the hulog—the vertical straightness of a wall with
    respect to a plumb bob (a metal ball on a long string). Hulog has made its way to everyday lingo: “Wala
    sa hulog” means a person can’t think straight.

    Kapak

    Plaster not bonding well with the wall produces a defect. Knocking on it creates a hollow sound—
    probably why this defect is called kapak (the word itself mimics the hollow sound).

    Masilya

    When a wall is going to be painted, masilya (putty) is applied first.

    Media Agua

    A canopy over a window. In ancestral Filipino houses, the traditional media agua is a scallop-bordered
    cloth; in a bahay kubo, it’s a nipa push-out or awning. In modern houses, it could be as simple as a ledge
    shading the window.

    Nagbubuntis

    There’s reason to be concerned when a worker says, “May nagbubuntis dito,” and it doesn’t mean
    someone’s gotten pregnant! It means a concrete column is bulging due to weak formworks.
    Rebokada

    When masons finish a concrete wall, they first apply a rough coat of plaster—the rebokada, or scratch
    coat. This serves as a binder between the wall and the final layer of plaster, or the palitada. “Habulin na
    lang sa palitada yan” is commonly proposed when wall defects (like an uneven finish or a misaligned
    wall) need to be masked (by thickening the plaster).

    S4S and S2S

    These terms refer to the smoothness of the sides of the wood; they’re abbreviations for “smooth four
    sides,” and “smooth two sides.” S4S pieces are used for exposed members such as some rafters (roof
    supports). When sending your carpenter to buy wood, say, “Dalawa pang dos por dos, na S4S.”

    Tabla

    A wood plank, usually 5” or more in width.

    Tambol

    When unsightly pipes appear in areas like the underside of a bathroom it needs a tambol—not a musical
    instrument, but a covering made out of plywood or gypsum to hide the pipe or eyesore. Say, “Lumabas
    ang tubo sa pader. Tambulan mo na lang.”

    Tanguile

    This is a popular type of wood with a reddish color, fine-textured but with large grains. It is the most
    common wood specified nowadays for rough carpentry such as door and window jambs.

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    Tibag

    To demolish.

    So, the next time you feel like complaining about shoddy work on a concrete wall, instead of just
    exclaiming, “Ang pangit!”, you can be more articulate and say, “Ang dami namang kapak nito. Balbon at
    wala sa hulog. Nagbubuntis pa yung poste. At kulang sa pahid yung pintura.” If the mason replies,
    “Habulin na lang natin sa palitada...” you can reply, “Huwag. Tibagin mo!”

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