Fundamental Constants: A BCD B H

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Fundamental

Constants

Avogadro’s Number (NA) 6.022 × 10=>


Electron Charge (e) 1.6022 × 10BCD C
Electron Mass 9.1095 × 10B=H g

Faraday Constant (F) C


96,487
mol
J
8.314
K·mol
Gas Constant (R)
L·atm
0.08206
K·mol
Boltzmann’s Constant (k) 𝐽
1.38 × 10B=>
𝐾
Planck’s Constant (h) 6.6256 × 10B>[ J·s
Proton Mass 1.67252 × 10B=[ g
Neutron Mass 1.67495 × 10B=[ g
Rydberg Constant (RH) 2.1796 × 10BCH J
m
Speed of light in vacuum (c) 2.997924 × 10H
s

Some Prefixes Used with SI Units

Tera (T) 10C=


Giga (G) 10D
Mega (M) 10f
Kilo (k) 10>
Deci (d) 10BC
Centi (c) 10B=
Milli (m) 10B>
Micro (µ) 10Bf
Nano (n) 10BD
Pico (p) 10BC=

Useful Conversion Factors and Relationships


N
1 atm = 760 mm Hg = 760 torr = 101,325 i = 101,325 Pa = 1.013 bar
m

1 cal = 4.184 J (exactly)


1 L·atm = 101.325 J
1 J = 1 C × 1V = 1 C·V
1 C = 1 A·s
1 amu = 1.66054 × 10B=[ g
K = (°C + 273.15)


Text
Equations

𝑃𝑉 = 𝑛𝑅𝑇 3 1
𝐸tuv = 𝑅𝑇 𝐸tuv = 𝑚v =
2 2

𝑞 = 𝑚 ∙ 𝐶{ ∙ Δ𝑇 𝑞 = 𝐶 ∙ Δ𝑇
3𝑅𝑇
𝑈
vyz{ =|
𝑀 q = mCΔ𝑇.

𝑤 = −𝑃∆𝑉 ∆𝐻 = ∆𝐸 + 𝑃∆𝑉 ∆𝐸 = 𝑞 + 𝑤

∆𝐺 = ∆𝐻 − 𝑇∆𝑆 𝑆 = 𝑘 ∙ ln 𝑊 ∆𝑆Švu‹ = ∆𝑆{Œ{ + ∆𝑆{Šyy

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