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    02 - Kinematika PDF

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    marcelino
    1) Kinematics describes the motion of objects along a straight line without considering causes of motion. It examines quantities like displacement, velocity, acceleration, and relationships between position, velocity, and time. 2) Displacement is the difference between the final and initial positions, regardless of the actual distance traveled. Average and instantaneous velocity and acceleration are defined. 3) For motion with constant acceleration, equations are developed relating position, velocity, acceleration, and time. The position-time, velocity-time and acceleration graphs are also described.

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    02 - Kinematika PDF

    Uploaded by

    marcelino
    48 views9 pages
    1) Kinematics describes the motion of objects along a straight line without considering causes of motion. It examines quantities like displacement, velocity, acceleration, and relationships between position, velocity, and time. 2) Displacement is the difference between the final and initial positions, regardless of the actual distance traveled. Average and instantaneous velocity and acceleration are defined. 3) For motion with constant acceleration, equations are developed relating position, velocity, acceleration, and time. The position-time, velocity-time and acceleration graphs are also described.

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    1) Kinematics describes the motion of objects along a straight line without considering causes of motion. It examines quantities like displacement, velocity, acceleration, and relationships between position, velocity, and time. 2) Displacement is the difference between the final and initial positions, regardless of the actual distance traveled. Average and instantaneous velocity and acceleration are defined. 3) For motion with constant acceleration, equations are developed relating position, velocity, acceleration, and time. The position-time, velocity-time and acceleration graphs are also described.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    48 views9 pages

    02 - Kinematika PDF

    Uploaded by

    marcelino
    1) Kinematics describes the motion of objects along a straight line without considering causes of motion. It examines quantities like displacement, velocity, acceleration, and relationships between position, velocity, and time. 2) Displacement is the difference between the final and initial positions, regardless of the actual distance traveled. Average and instantaneous velocity and acceleration are defined. 3) For motion with constant acceleration, equations are developed relating position, velocity, acceleration, and time. The position-time, velocity-time and acceleration graphs are also described.

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    Review:

    Kinematics
    28 August 2012
    Kinematics:
    Straight Line Motion
    (GLB & GLBB)
    Kinematics is the part of mechanics that describes the motion of
    physical objects.
     the moving objects are “particles”
     (objects for which all the points move in the same way)
     The causes of the motion will not be investigated.
     Objects move along a straight line.
    Position and Displacement

    x  x2  x1 [m]

    Note: The actual distance for a trip


    is irrelevant as far as the
    displacement is concerned
    Velocity vs. Speed: Average

    x  x x savg 
    total distance
    vavg  2 1  [m/s]
    t2  t1 t t
    Velocity vs. Speed: Instantaneous

    x dx
    v  lim 
    t dt
    t  0
    Average Acceleration

    v2  v1 v
    aavg   Units: m/s2
    t2  t1 t

    Instantaneous Acceleration

    v dv dv d  dx  d 2 x
    a  lim  , a    2
    t dt dt dt  dt  dt
    t  0

    Note: The human body does not react to velocity


    but it does react to acceleration
    Motion with Constant Acceleration

    • Motion with a = 0 is a special case but it is rather


    common so we will develop the equations that
    describe it.

    v  v0  at (eqs.1)
    at 2
    x(t )  xo  vot  (eqs.2)
    2

    (2-8)
    at 2
    v  v0  at (eqs.1) ; x  xo  vot  (eqs.2)
    2
    If we eliminate the time t between equation 1 and equation 2 we get:
    v 2  vo2  2a  x  xo  (eqs.3)
    Below we plot the position x(t), the velocity v(t) and the acceleration a versus time t

    at 2
    x  xo  vot 
    2
    The x(t) versus t plot is a parabola that
    intercepts the vertical axis at x = xo

    v  v0  at
    The v(t) versus t plot is a straight line with
    Slope = a and Intercept = vo

    The acceleration a is a constant


    (2-9)
    Graphical Integration in Motion Analysis (non-constant acceleration)

    1 t 1 t 1 t 1 t
    dv
    a  dv  adt   dv   adt  v1  vo   adt  v1  vo   adt
    dt to to to to
    t1

     adt   Area under the a versus t curve between t o and t1 


    to

    1 t 1 t
    dx
    v  dx  vdt   dx   vdt 
    dt to to
    t1 t1

    x1  xo   vdt  x1  xo   vdt
    to to
    t1

     vdt   Area under the v versus t curve between t o and t1 


    to

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