BS en 1401-1

British Standard
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BRITISH STANDARD |
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1401-1:1998
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Plastics piping systems for |
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Unplasticized poly(vinyl |
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chloride) (PVC-U) Ð |
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Part 1: Specifications for pipes, fittings |
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and the system |
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The European Standard EN 1401-1:1998 has the status of a |
British Standard |
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ICS 83.140.30; 91.140.80 |
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NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW
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BS EN 1401-1:1998
National foreword
This British Standard is the English language version of EN 1401-1:1998. It
supersedes BS 5481:1977 which will be withdrawn on 3 October 1999. It partially
supersedes BS 4660:1989, which will be withdrawn on 3 October 1999. BS 4660 will
be revised to continue to cover rodding eyes and other surface fittings not included
in this standard.
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee
PRI/61, Plastics piping systems and components, to Subcommittee PRI/61/1,
Thermoplastics piping systems and components for non-pressure applications,
which has the responsibility to:
Ð aid enquirers to understand the text;
Ð present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the
interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed;
Ð monitor related international and European developments and promulgate
them in the UK.
A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request
to its secretary.
The responsible UK technical committee offers the following advice in respect of
the contents of this standard.
1. Selection and application of stiffness classes
This document specifies three classes of pipes and fittings of differing stiffness,
designated SN 8, SN 4 and SN 2 (see Tables 4 and 6).
From the viewpoint of installation, the SN 8 or SN 4 classes have to be used if the
system is to be installed in accordance with BS 8301 or BS 5955-6 in order to
achieve the intended resistance to long-term deformation.
If it is intended to use the other, less stiff (SN 2), class of pipe or fitting, the
installation should first be subject to a structural design soil load calculation and the
installation technique modified to suit the results of that calculation.
The appropriate calculation method is given in the national annex for BS EN 1295-1.
The E modulus for the material should be taken as 3 000 MPa and 1 500 MPa for the
short-term and long-term values respectively.
Attention is also drawn to the ``Materials selection manual for sewers, pumping
mains and manholes'' (reference WSA/FWR-04)1).
2. Marking requirements
For the marking requirements given in clause 12, some aspects lack an objective
basis for assessment of conformity, and this may lead to dispute unless
manufacturers and purchasers declare or agree on the implications of the
requirements as applicable.
1) Published
by the Foundation for Water Research, Allen House, The Listons, Liston Road, Marlow,
Bucks SL7 1FD.
This British Standard, having Amendments issued since publication

been prepared under the
direction of the Sector Board for Amd. No. Date Text affected
Materials and Chemicals, was
published under the authority of
the Standards Board and comes
into effect on 15 June 1998
 BSI 1998
ISBN 0 580 29709 8

BS EN 1401-1:1998
For the purposes of 12.1.1, pending issue of and reference to a related document
giving the intended limits of storage/weathering/handling/installation conditions, the
extent to which legibility has to be maintained is unclear.
For item a) of 12.1.1, there is no basis for assessment of conformity to ``durable in
use'', which is subjective in the absence of any constraints or guidance on the
conditions or period of use.
Likewise, for item b) of 12.1.1, there are no time limits set for the interval between
sale and installation, and therefore uncertainity as to how much resistance to light
exposure or other weathering aspects is considered necessary, prior to burial of the
marked component or label.
In 12.1.2, the wording ``not ... adversely influence the performance of the pipe or
fitting'' could be argued as a reason to reject piping components which exhibited
any measurable deterioration, unless this requirement is clearly related to the ability
or otherwise of the component to continue to conform to the requirements of the
standard for the intended or agreed period and conditions of service.
Cross-references
The British Standards which implement international or European publications
referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the
section entitled `Ìnternational Standards Correspondence Index'', or using the ``Find''
facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue.
Where reference is made to specific details in a reference document, the date of the
relevant edition should be provided, since the detail may not be consistent with a
later edition. The responsible UK Technical Committee has noted that for the
following standards the editions cited here were those available at the date of
ratification of EN 1401-1 by CEN (1997-08-03).
EN 743:1994 (separate references to methods A and B in Table 12);
EN 744:1995 (reference to type d 90 striker in Table 9);
EN 763:1994 (reference to method A in Table 13);
EN 921:1994 (reference to types a or b end caps in Tables 1 and 2);
EN 1055:1998 (reference to test assembly b) (Figure 2 ...) in Table 15.
EN 1277:1996 (separate references to condition B and condition C in Table 15);
EN 1411:1996 (reference to type d 90 striker in Table 10);
Warning note. This British Standard, which is identical with EN 1401-1:1998, does
not necessarily detail all the precautions necessary to meet the requirements of the
Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974. Attention should be paid to any appropriate
safety precautions and the test methods should be operated only by trained
personnel.
A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity
from legal obligations.
Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the
EN title page, pages 2 to 22, an inside back cover and a back cover.
i
ii
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 1401-1
NORME EUROPEÂENNE
EUROPAÈISCHE NORM January 1998
ICS 23.040.01
Descriptors: Sanitation, drainpipes, sewers, collecting drain, pipe units, buried pipes, non-pressure pipes, plastic tubes, unplasticized
polyvinyl chloride, pipe fittings, designation, dimensions, geometrical characteristics, symbols, specifications, creep
properties, chemical resistance
English version
Plastics piping systems for non-pressure underground drainage

and sewerage Ð Unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) Ð
Part 1: Specifications for pipes, fittings and the system
SysteÁmes de canalisations en plastique pour les Kunststoff-Rohrleitungssysteme fuÈr erdverlegte

branchements et les collecteurs d'assainissement drucklose AbwasserkanaÈle und -leitungen Ð
enterreÂs sans pression Ð Poly(chlorure de vinyle) Weichmacherfreies Polyvinylchlorid (PVC-U) Ð
non plastifieÂ (PVC-U) Ð Partie 1: SpeÂcifications Teil 1: Anforderungen an Rohre, FormstuÈcke und
pour tubes, raccords et le systeÁme das Rohrleitungssystem
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 3 August 1997.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a
national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical
references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to
the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German).
A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a
CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the
same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and
United Kingdom.
CEN
European Committee for Standardization
ComiteÂ EuropeÂen de Normalisation
EuropaÈisches Komitee fuÈr Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
 1998 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national
Members.
Ref. No. EN 1401-1:1998 E
Page 2
EN 1401-1:1998
Foreword Contents
This European Standard has been prepared by Page
Technical Committee CEN/TC 155, Plastics piping
systems and ducting systems, the Secretariat of which Foreword 2
is held by NNI. 1 Scope 3
It has been prepared in liaison with CEN/TC 165, Waste 2 Normative references 3
water engineering. 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations 4
This standard is a part of a system standard for 4 Material 5
plastics piping systems of a particular material for a
specified application. There are a number of such 4.1 Raw material 5
system standards. 4.2 Pipe material 5
System standards are based on the results of the work 4.3 Fitting material 5
undertaken in ISO/TC 138, Plastics pipes, fittings and
valves for the transport of fluids, which is a Technical 4.4 Utilization of non-virgin materials 5
Committee of the International Organization for 4.5 Sealing ring retaining means 5
Standardization (ISO). 5 General characteristics 6
They are supported by separate standards on test 5.1 Appearance 6
methods to which references are made throughout the
system standard. 5.2 Colour 6

The system standards are consistent with general 6 Geometrical characteristics 6
standards for functional requirements and on 6.1 General 6
recommended practice for installation.
6.2 Dimensions of pipes 6
EN 1401 consists of the following parts, under the
general title, Plastics piping systems for non-pressure 6.3 Dimensions of fittings 6
underground drainage and sewerage Ð Unplasticized 6.4 Dimensions of sockets and spigots 8
poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U): 6.5 Types of fittings 12
Ð Part 1: Requirements for pipes, fittings and the
system (the present standard); 7 Mechanical characteristics 14
Ð Part 2: Guidance for the assessment of 7.1 Mechanical characteristics of pipes 14
conformity (under preparation); 7.2 Mechanical characteristics of fittings 14
Ð Part 3: Guidance for installation (under 8 Physical characteristics 14
preparation).
8.1 Physical characteristics of pipes 14
This part of EN 1401 includes the following annexes:
Ð Annex A (normative): Utilization of non-virgin 8.2 Physical characteristics of fittings 14
material; 9 Performance requirements 16
Ð Annex B (informative): General characteristics of 10 Sealing rings 16
PVC-U pipes and fittings;
11 Adhesives 16
Ð Annex C (informative): Bibliography.
12 Marking 16
For pipes and fittings which have conformed to the
relevant national standard before the ratification of this 12.1 General 16
standard, as shown by the manufacturer or by a 12.2 Minimum required marking of pipes 17
certification body, the national standard may continue
to apply as follows: 12.3 Minimum required marking of fittings 17
Ð for pipes and fabricated fittings until 1999-10-03; 12.4 Additional marking 17
Ð for injection-moulded fittings until 2002-10-03. Annex A (normative) Utilization of
This European Standard shall be given the status of a non-virgin material 19
national standard, either by publication of an identical Annex B (informative) General
text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 1998. characteristics of PVC-U pipes and fittings 21
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, Annex C (informative) Bibliography 22
the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European
Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
 BSI 1998
Page 3
EN 1401-1:1998
1 Scope EN 681-1, Elastomeric seals Ð Material requirements

This part of EN 1401 specifies the requirements for for pipe joint seals used in water and drainage
pipes, fittings and the system of unplasticized applications Ð Part 1: Vulcanized rubber.
poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) piping systems in the field prEN 681-2, Elastomeric seals Ð Material
of non-pressure underground drainage and sewerage: requirements for pipe joint seals used in water and
Ð outside the building structure (application area drainage applications Ð Part 2: Thermoplastics
code `Ù''); and elastomers.
Ð both buried in ground within the building EN 727, Plastics piping and ducting systems Ð
structure (application area code ``D'') and outside the Thermoplastics pipes and fittings Ð Determination of
building. Vicat softening temperature (VST).
This is reflected in the marking of products by `Ù'' EN 743, Plastics piping and ducting systems Ð
and `ÙD''. Thermoplastics pipes Ð Determination of the
It also specifies the test parameters for the test longitudinal reversion.
methods referred to in this standard. EN 744, Plastics piping and ducting systems Ð
This standard covers a range of nominal sizes, a range Thermoplastics pipes Ð Test method for resistance to
of pipes and fittings series and a range of stiffness external blows by the round-the-clock method.
classes and gives recommendations concerning EN 763, Plastics piping and ducting systems Ð
colours. Injection-moulded thermoplastics fittings Ð Test
NOTE 1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser or specifier to method for visually assessing effects of heating.
make the appropriate selection from these aspects, taking into
account their particular requirements and any relevant national EN 921, Plastics piping systems Ð Thermoplastics
regulations and installation practices or codes. pipes Ð Determination of resistance to internal

In conjunction with part 2 and part 3 of EN 1401 it is pressure at constant temperature.
applicable to PVC-U pipes and fittings, their joints, and EN 922, Plastics piping and ducting systems Ð Pipes
to joints with components of other plastics and and fittings of unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride)
non-plastics materials intended to be used for buried (PVC-U) Ð Specimen preparation for determination of
piping systems for non-pressure underground drainage the viscosity number and calculation of the K-value.
and sewerage.
EN 1053, Plastics piping systems Ð Thermoplastics
This standard is applicable to PVC-U pipes without a piping systems for non-pressure applications Ð Test
socket as well as pipes with an integral socket.
method for watertightness.
The fittings can be manufactured by injection-moulding
or be fabricated from pipes and/or mouldings. EN 1055, Plastics piping systems Ð Thermoplastics
piping systems for soil and waste discharge inside
Requirements and limiting values for application area buildings Ð Test method for resistance to elevated
code ``D'' are given in Table 4, Table 6, Table 13 and
temperature cycling.
Table 15.
NOTE 2 Pipes, fittings and other components conforming to any EN 1277, Plastics piping systems Ð Thermoplastics
of the plastics product standards listed in annex C can be used piping systems for buried non-pressure
with pipes and fittings conforming to this standard, provided they applications Ð Test method for leaktightness of
conform to the requirements for joint dimensions given in clause 6 elastomeric sealing ring type joints.
and to the requirements of Table 15.
EN 1411, Plastics piping and ducting systems Ð
Thermoplastics pipes Ð Determination of resistance
2 Normative references to external blows by the staircase method.
This Standard incorporates by dated or undated prEN 1905, Plastics piping systems Ð Unplasticized
reference, provisions from other publications. poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) pipes and fittings and
These normative references are cited at the material Ð Method for assessment of the PVC content
appropriate places in the text and the publications are based on total chlorine content.
listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent
amendments to or revisions of any of these prEN 1989, Thermoplastics piping and ducting
publications apply to this standard only when systems Ð Joints for buried non-pressure
incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For applications Ð Test method for long-term sealing
undated references the latest edition of the publication performance of joints with thermoplastics elastomer
referred to applies. (TPE) seals by estimating the sealing pressure.
prEN 4961), Plastics piping systems Ð Plastics pipes EN 10204:1991, Metallic products Ð Types of
and fittings Ð Measurement of dimensions and inspection documents.
visual inspection of surfaces. prEN 12061, Plastics piping systems Ð Thermoplastics
EN 580, Plastics piping systems Ð Unplasticized fittings Ð Test method for impact strength.
poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) pipes Ð Test method for prEN 12256, Plastics piping systems Ð Thermoplastics
the resistance to dichloromethane at a specified fittings Ð Test method for mechanical strength or
temperature (DCMT). flexibility of fabricated fittings.
1) This document is under revision.
 BSI 1998
Page 4
EN 1401-1:1998
ISO 472:1988, Plastics Ð Vocabulary. 3.1.8

ISO 1043-1:1992, Plastics Ð Symbols Ð Part 1: Basic out-of-roundness (ovality)
polymers and their special characteristics. the difference between the measured maximum and
ISO 1183:1987, Plastics Ð Methods for determining the the measured minimum outside diameter in the same
density and relative density of non-cellular plastics. cross-section of a component
3.1.9
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations wall thickness (e)
3.1 Definitions the value of the measurement of the wall thickness at
For the purpose of this standard, the following any point around the circumference of a component
definitions and those given in ISO 472:1988 and 3.1.10
ISO 1043-1:1992 apply.
mean wall thickness (em)
3.1.1 the arithmetical mean of a number of measurements of
application area code the wall thickness, regularly spaced around the
a code used in the marking of pipes and fittings to circumference and in the same cross-section of a
indicate the application area for which they are component, including the measured minimum and the
intended, as follows: measured maximum values of the wall thickness in
U: application area code for the area more than 1 m that cross-section
from the building to which the buried piping system 3.1.11
is connected;
standard dimension ratio (SDR)
D: application area code for the area under and
within 1 m from the building where the pipes and a numerical designation of a pipe series, which is a
the fittings are buried in ground and are connected convenient round number, approximately equal to the
to the soil and waste discharge system of the dimension ratio of the nominal outside diameter, dn,
building. and the nominal wall thickness, en
NOTE In code D application areas, the existence of hot water 3.1.12
discharge in addition to the external forces from the surroundings nominal ring stiffness (SN)
is usual.
a numerical designation, of the ring stiffness of a pipe
3.1.2 or fitting, which is a convenient round number, relative
nominal size DN to the determined stiffness in kilonewtons per square
a numerical designation of the size of a component, metre (kN/m2), indicating the minimum ring stiffness
other than a component designated by thread size, of a pipe or fitting
which is approximately equal to the manufacturing 3.2 Symbols
dimension, in millimetres (mm)
3.1.3 A length of engagement
nominal size DN/OD a circumferential side cover of a saddle branch
nominal size, related to the outside diameter B length of lead-in
3.1.4 C depth of sealing zone
nominal outside diameter (dn)
DN nominal size
the specified outside diameter, in millimetres, assigned
to a nominal size DN/OD DN/OD nominal size, outside diameter related
3.1.5 de outside diameter
outside diameter (de) dem mean outside diameter
the value of the measurement of the outside diameter dn nominal outside diameter
through its cross-section at any point of a pipe or
spigot, rounded to the next greater 0,1 mm dsm mean inside diameter of a socket
3.1.6 d3 internal diameter of the groove
mean outside diameter (dem) e wall thickness
the value of the measurement of the outer em mean wall thickness
circumference of a pipe or spigot end of a fitting in
e2 wall thickness of a socket
any cross-section, divided by p (≈ 3,142), rounded to
the next greater 0,1 mm e3 wall thickness in the groove area
3.1.7 f groove width
mean inside diameter of a socket (dsm) H length of chamfer
the arithmetical mean of a number of measurements of L axial cover of a saddle branch
the inside diameter of a socket in the same
cross-section l effective length of a pipe
 BSI 1998
Page 5
EN 1401-1:1998
L1 length of spigot 4.2 Pipe material

L2 length of the solvent cement socket When tested in accordance with the test method as
specified in Table 1, using the indicated parameters, the
M length of spigot of a plug pipe material shall have characteristics conforming to
R radius of swept fittings the requirements given in Table 1.
Z design length of a fitting The pipe material shall be tested in the form of a pipe.
4.3 Fitting material
a nominal angle of a fitting
When tested in accordance with the test method as
specified in Table 2, using the indicated parameters, the
3.3 Abbreviations
fitting material shall have characteristics conforming to
the requirements given in Table 2.
PVC-U unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride)
The fitting material shall be tested, in the actual
SDR standard dimension ratio formulation, in the form of an extruded or
SN nominal ring stiffness injection-moulded pipe.
TIR true impact rate Fabricated fittings or parts of fabricated fittings shall
be made from pipes conforming to this standard,
except for the requirements for the wall thickness,
4 Material and/or mouldings from PVC-U which conform to
material, mechanical and physical characteristics as
4.1 Raw material required in this standard.
The raw material shall be PVC-U to which are added 4.4 Utilization of non-virgin materials
those additives that are needed to facilitate the Conditions and requirements for the utilization of
manufacture of components conforming to the non-virgin materials are given in annex A.
requirements of this standard. 4.5 Sealing ring retaining means
When calculated on the basis of a known formulation, It is permitted that sealing rings are retained using
or in case of dispute or unknown formulation, means made from polymers other than PVC-U.
determined in accordance with prEN 1905, the
PVC-content shall be at least 80 % by mass for pipes
and 85 % by mass for injection-moulded fittings.
Table 1 Ð Material characteristics of pipes

Characteristic Requirements Test parameters Test
method
Resistance to No failure End caps Type a or b EN 921
internal during the Test temperature 60 8C
pressure test period Orientation Free
Number of test peices 3
Circumferential (hoop) stress 10 MPa
Conditioning period
Type of test 1h
Test period Water-in-water
1 000 h
Table 2 Ð Material characteristics of fittings

Characteristic Requirements Test parameters Test
method
Resistance to No failure End caps Type a or b EN 921
internal during the Dimensions 50 mm # dn # 110 mm
pressure test period 3 mm # e # 5 mm
Free length for injection-moulded pipe $ 140 mm
Test temperature
Orientation 60 8C
Number of test pieces Free
Circumferential (hoop) stress 3
Conditioning period 6,3 MPa
Type of test 1h
Test period Water-in-water
1 000 h
 BSI 1998
Page 6
EN 1401-1:1998
5 General characteristics 6.2.2 Out-of-roundness

5.1 Appearance The out-of-roundness, measured directly after
production, shall be less than or equal to 0,024dn.
When viewed without magnification, the following
requirements apply: 6.2.3 Length of pipes
Ð the internal and external surfaces of pipes and The effective length of a pipe, l, shall be not less than
fittings shall be smooth, clean and free from that declared by the manufacturer when measured as
grooving, blistering, impurities and pores and any shown in Figure 1.
other surface irregularity likely to prevent their 6.2.4 Chamfering
conformity to this standard; If a chamfer is applied, the angle of chamfering shall
Ð pipe ends shall be cleanly cut and the ends of be between 158 and 458 to the axis of the pipe
pipes and fittings shall be square to their axis. (see Figure 2 and Table 5 or Figure 7 and Table 8, as
5.2 Colour applicable).
The pipes and fittings shall be coloured through The remaining wall thickness of the end of the pipe
the wall. shall be at least î of emin..
The colour should preferably be orange-brown 6.2.5 Wall thicknesses
(approximately RAL 8023)2) or dusty grey The wall thickness, e, shall conform to Table 4, where
(approximately RAL 7037)2). Other colours may be a maximum wall thickness at any point up to 1,2emin. is
used. permitted provided that the mean wall thickness, em, is
less than or equal to the specified em,max..
6 Geometrical characteristics 6.3 Dimensions of fittings
6.1 General 6.3.1 Outside diameters

Dimensions shall be measured in accordance with The mean outside diameter, dem, of the spigot shall
prEN 496. conform to Table 3.
NOTE The figures are schematic sketches only, to indicate the
relevant dimensions. They do not necessarily represent the The out-of-roundness shall conform to the
manufactured components. requirements given in 6.2.2.
6.2 Dimensions of pipes 6.3.2 Design lengths (Z)
6.2.1 Outside diameters The Z-length(s) of fittings (see Figures 8 to 11 and
The mean outside diameter, dem, shall conform to Figures 13 to 18) shall be given by the manufacturer.
Table 3. NOTE The Z-lengths are intended to assist in the design of
moulds and are not intended to be used for quality control
Table 3 Ð Mean outside diameters purposes. ISO 265-1:1988 can be used as a guideline.
Dimensions in millimetres 6.3.3 Wall thicknesses

Nominal Nominal outside Mean outside 6.3.3.1 The minimum wall thickness, emin., of the
size diameter diameter body or the spigot of a fitting shall conform to Table 4,
DN/OD1) dn dem,min. dem,max. except that a reduction of 5 % resulting from core
shifting is permitted. In such a case, the average of two
110 110 110,0 110,3
opposite wall thicknesses shall be equal to or exceed
125 125 125,0 125,3 the values given in Table 4.
160 160 160,0 160,4 6.3.3.2 Where a fitting or adaptor provides for a
200 200 200,0 200,5 transition between two nominal sizes, the wall
250 250 250,0 250,5 thickness of each connecting part shall conform to the
315 315 315,0 315,6 requirements for the applicable nominal size. In such
a case, the wall thickness of the fitting body is
(355) 355 355,0 355,7 permitted to change gradually from the one wall
400 400 400,0 400,7 thickness to the other.
(450) 450 450,0 450,8 6.3.3.3 The wall thickness of the cover of the saddle
500 500 500,0 500,9 branch (see Figure 18) shall be equal or greater than
630 630 630,0 631,1 emin. of the applicable size and series (see Table 4) of
the inlet.
(710) 710 710,0 711,2
6.3.3.4 The wall thickness of fabricated fittings,
800 800 800,0 801,3
except for spigot and socket, may be changed locally
(900) 900 900,0 901,5 by the fabrication process, providing that the minimum
1 000 1 000 1 000,0 1 001,6 wall thickness of the body conforms to e3,min., as given
1) Non-preferred sizes are indicated in parenthesis. in Table 6, as appropriate for the SDR concerned.
2) According to the colour register RAL 840-HR.
 BSI 1998
Page 7
EN 1401-1:1998
Figure 1 Ð Effective length of pipes
Table 4 Ð Wall thicknesses

Dimensions in millimetres
Nominal size Nominal SN 2 SN 4 SN 8
DN/OD1) outside SDR 512) SDR 41 SDR 34
diameter
dn emin. em,max. emin. em,max. emin. em,max.
110 110 Ð Ð 3,2 3,8 3,2 3,8

125 125 Ð Ð 3,2 3,8 3,7 4,3
160 160 3,2 3,8 4,0 4,6 4,7 5,4
200 200 3,9 4,5 4,9 5,6 5,9 6,7
250 250 4,9 5,6 6,2 7,1 7,3 8,3
315 315 6,2 7,1 7,7 8,7 9,2 10,4
(355) 355 7,0 7,9 8,7 9,8 10,4 11,7
400 400 7,9 8,9 9,8 11,0 11,7 13,1
(450) 450 8,8 9,9 11,0 12,3 13,2 14,8
500 500 9,8 11,0 12,3 13,8 14,6 16,3
630 630 12,3 13,8 15,4 17,2 18,4 20,5
(710) 710 13,9 15,5 17,4 19,4 Ð Ð
800 800 15,7 17,5 19,6 21,8 Ð Ð
(900) 900 17,6 19,6 22,0 24,4 Ð Ð
1 000 1 000 19,6 21,8 24,5 27,2 Ð Ð
1) Non-preferred sizes are indicated in parenthesis.
2) SDR 51 is applicable for application area code `Ù'' only.
 BSI 1998
Page 8
EN 1401-1:1998
6.4 Dimensions of sockets and spigots Where a sealing ring is located by means of a retaining
cap or ring (see Figure 5) the wall thickness in this
6.4.1 Elastomeric ring seal sockets and spigots area shall be calculated by addition of the wall
6.4.1.1 Diameters and lengths thickness of the socket and the wall thickness of the
The diameters and lengths of elastomeric ring seal retaining cap or ring at the corresponding places in the
sockets and spigots shall conform to Table 5 (see same cross-section.
Figures 2, 3 or 4 as applicable). 6.4.1.3 Dimensions for `Ò-ring type'' sockets
Where sealing rings are firmly retained, the dimensions The dimensions of `Ò-ring type'' sockets shall conform
for the minimum value for A and the maximum value to Table 7 (see Figure 6).
for C shall be measured to the effective sealing point
(see Figure 4) as specified by the manufacturer. This 6.4.2 Solvent cement sockets and spigots
point shall give a full sealing action. 6.4.2.1 Diameters and lengths
Different designs of elastomeric ring seal sockets and The diameters and lengths of solvent cement sockets
spigots are permitted, provided the joints conform to and spigots (see Figure 7) shall conform to Table 8.
the requirements given in Table 15.
The manufacturer shall declare whether the socket is
6.4.1.2 Wall thicknesses of sockets designed tapered or parallel. If parallel or near parallel,
The wall thicknesses of sockets, e2 and e3 (see the mean inside diameter of the socket, dsm, shall
Figure 2), except the socket mouth, shall conform to apply over the entire length of the socket. If the socket
Table 6. is tapered, then the limits for dsm shall apply at the
mid point of the socket with a maximum taper angle
A reduction of 5 % of e2 and e3 resulting from core of 209 (minutes) to the axis of the socket.
shifting is permitted.
In such a case the average of two opposite wall 6.4.2.2 Wall thicknesses sockets
thicknesses shall be equal to or exceed the values The wall thicknesses of sockets, e2 (see Figure 7), shall
given in Table 6. conform to Table 6.
Table 5 Ð Diameters and lengths of elastomeric ring seal sockets and spigots
Nominal size Nominal outside Socket Spigot
DN/OD1) diameter
dn dsm,min. Amin. Cmax. L1,min. H 2)
110 110 110,4 32 26 60 6
125 125 125,4 35 26 67 6
160 160 160,5 42 32 81 7
200 200 200,6 50 40 99 9
250 250 250,8 55 70 125 9
315 315 316,0 62 70 132 12

(355) 355 356,1 66 70 136 13
(400) 400 401,2 70 80 150 15
(450) 450 451,4 75 80 155 17
500 500 501,5 80 803) 160 18
630 630 631,9 93 953) 188 23

(710) 710 712,1 101 1093) 210 28
800 800 802,4 110 1103) 220 32
(900) 900 902,7 120 1253) 245 36
1 000 1 000 1 003,0 130 1403) 270 41
2) Approximate values, when a 158 chamfer is applied.
3)Higher values for C are allowed, provided the manufacturer states in his documentation the actual required L1,min. according to the
equation L1,min. = Amin. + C.
 BSI 1998
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EN 1401-1:1998
Figure 2 Ð Basic dimensions of sockets and spigots for elastomeric ring seal joints
Figure 3 Ð Typical groove designs for elastomeric ring seal sockets
Figure 4 Ð Example for measuring the effective sealing point
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EN 1401-1:1998
Table 6 Ð Wall thicknesses of sockets

Nominal size Nominal outside SN 2 SN 4 SN 8
DN/OD1) diameter SDR 512) SDR 41 SDR 34
dn e2,min. e3,min. e2,min. e3,min. e2,min. e3,min.
110 110 Ð Ð 2,9 2,4 2,9 2,4

125 125 Ð Ð 2,9 2,4 3,4 2,8
160 160 2,9 2,4 3,6 3,0 4,3 3,6
200 200 3,6 3,0 4,4 3,7 5,4 4,5
250 250 4,5 3,7 5,5 4,7 6,6 5,5
315 315 5,6 4,7 6,9 5,8 8,3 6,9

(355) 355 6,3 5,3 7,8 6,6 9,4 7,8
400 400 7,1 6,0 8,8 7,4 10,6 8,8
(450) 450 8,0 6,6 9,9 8,3 11,9 9,9
500 500 8,9 7,4 11,1 9,3 13,2 11,0
630 630 11,1 9,3 13,9 11,6 16,6 13,8

(710) 710 12,6 10,5 15,7 13,1 Ð Ð
800 800 14,1 11,8 17,7 14,7 Ð Ð
(900) 900 16,0 13,2 19,8 16,5 Ð Ð
1 000 1 000 17,8 14,7 22,0 18,4 Ð Ð
2) SDR 51 is applicable for application area code `Ù'' only.
Figure 5 Ð Example for calculation of the wall

thickness of sockets with retaining cap
Figure 6 Ð Basic dimensions for `Ò-ring

type'' sockets
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EN 1401-1:1998
Table 7 Ð Dimensions of `Ò-ring type'' sockets

Nominal size Nominal outside Socket Groove
DN/OD1) diameter
dn dsm,max. Bmin. d3,min. d3,max. fmin. fmax.
110 110 110,9 6 120,3 121,3 9,1 11,1

125 125 125,9 7 137,1 138,2 10,4 12,6
160 160 161,0 9 173,8 175,0 11,7 14,1
200 200 201,1 12 215,6 217,0 13,0 15,8
250 250 252,0 18 272,9 274,5 19,5 26,7

315 315 317,3 20 338,9 340,9 20,8 28,4
(355) 355 357,5 22 383,0 385,2 22,5 30,5
400 400 402,8 24 427,1 429,5 24,1 32,6
(450) 450 453,5 26 480,2 482,8 27,0 36,3

500 500 503,5 28 533,2 536,0 29,9 39,9

630 630 633,9 34 669,6 673,0 34,4 46,4
(710) 710 714,1 38 753,8 757,0 39,0 52,1
Figure 7 Ð Basic dimensions of sockets and spigots for solvent cement joints
Table 8 Ð Diameters and lengths of solvent cement sockets and spigots

Nominal size Nominal outside Socket Spigot
DN/OD diameter
dn dsm,min. dsm,max. L2,min. L1,min. H1)
110 110 110,2 110,6 48 54 6

125 125 125,2 125,7 51 61 6
160 160 160,3 160,8 58 74 7
200 200 200,4 200,9 66 90 9
1) Approximate values, when a 158 chamfer is applied.
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EN 1401-1:1998
6.5 Types of fittings

This standard is applicable for the following types of
fittings. Other designs of fittings are permitted.
a) Bends (see Figures 8, 9, 10 or 11):
Ð unswept or swept angle (see ISO 265-1:1988);
Ð spigot/socket and socket/socket.
NOTE 1 Preferred nominal angles a are the following:
158, 308, 458, 678 309, 878 309 to 908.
b) Couplers and slip couplers (see Figure 12);
c) Reducers (see Figure 13);
d) Branches and reducing branches
(see Figures 14, 15, 16 or 17):
Ð unswept or swept angle (see ISO 265-1:1988);
Ð spigot/socket and socket/socket.
NOTE 2 Preferred nominal angles a are the following: 458, 678 Figure 9 Ð Bend with all
309, 878 309 to 908. sockets (unswept)
e) Saddle branches (see Figure 18):
Ð nominal angle a may be equal to 878 309 to 908
only when dn2/dn1 # 2/3;
Ð minimum axial cover L:
dn2 110 125 160 200

Lmin. 50 60 70 80
Ð for saddles having dn1 < 315 mm, the cover
shall be not less than half a circumference;
Ð for saddles having dn1 $ 315 mm, the side
cover a shall not be less than 80 mm.
NOTE 3 Preferred nominal angle a is: 458.
f) Plugs (see Figure 19);
Ð minimum length of spigot, Figure 10 Ð Bend with single
Mmin. = (Cmax. + 10) mm (see Table 5). socket (swept)
Figure 8 Ð Bend with Figure 11 Ð Bend with all

single socket (unswept) sockets (swept)
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EN 1401-1:1998
Figure 12 Ð Coupler
Figure 15 Ð Branch with all

sockets (unswept)
Figure 13 Ð Reducer
Figure 16 Ð Reducing branch (swept)
Figure 14 Ð Branch (unswept)
Figure 17 Ð Reducing branch

with all sockets (swept)
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EN 1401-1:1998
Figure 18 Ð Saddle branch
accordance with Table 16.

7.2 Mechanical characteristics of fittings
When tested in accordance with the test methods as
specified in Table 11 using the indicated parameters,
the fitting shall have mechanical characteristics

Figure 19 Ð Plug conforming to the requirements given in Table 11.
8 Physical characteristics
7 Mechanical characteristics
8.1 Physical characteristics of pipes
7.1 Mechanical characteristics of pipes
7.1.1 General requirements specified in Table 12 using the indicated parameters,
When tested in accordance with the test method as the pipe shall have physical characteristics conforming
specified in Table 9 using the indicated parameters, the to the requirements given in Table 12.
pipe shall have general mechanical characteristics 8.2 Physical characteristics of fittings
conforming to the requirements given in Table 9.
7.1.2 Additional mechanical requirements specified in Table 13 and Table 14 using the indicated
Pipes intended to be used in areas where installation is parameters, the fitting shall have physical
usually carried out at temperatures below 210 8C, shall characteristics conforming to the requirements given in
conform to the requirements of an impact test Table 13 and/or Table 14, as applicable.
(staircase method) as specified in Table 10 and shall be
marked with the symbol of an ice crystal in
Table 9 Ð General mechanical characteristics of pipes

Characteristic Requirements Test parameters Test method
Impact resistance1) TIR # 10 % Test/conditioning 0 8C EN 744
(round-the-clock temperature
method) Conditioning medium Water or air
Type of striker d 90
Mass of striker for:
dn = 110 mm 1,0 kg
dn = 125 mm 1,25 kg
dn = 160 mm 1,6 kg
dn = 200 mm 2,0 kg
dn = 250 mm 2,5 kg
dn = 315 mm 3,2 kg
Fall height of striker for:
dn = 110 mm 1 600 mm
dn $ 125 mm 2 000 mm
1) If the manufacturer chooses to use indirect testing (see prEN 1401-2), the preferred temperature is (23 ± 2) 8C.
 BSI 1998
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EN 1401-1:1998
Table 10 Ð Additional mechanical characteristics of pipes

Impact resistance H50 $ 1m Test/conditioning temperature 0 8C EN 1411
(staircase Max. one break Type of striker d 90
method) below 0,5 m Mass of striker for:
dn = 110 mm 4 kg
dn = 125 mm 5 kg
dn = 160 mm 8 kg
dn = 200 mm 10 kg
dn $ 250 mm 12,5 kg
Table 11 Ð Mechanical characteristics of fittings

Mechanical No sign of Test period 15 min prEN 12256
strength or splitting, Minimum moment for:
flexibility1) cracking, [DN] # 250 0,15[DN]3 3 1026 kN⋅m
separation, [DN] > 250
and/or leakage or 0,01[DN] kN⋅m
Minimum displacement 170 mm
Impact strength No damage Test/conditioning temperature 0 8C prEN 12061

(drop test) Fall height for:
dn = 110 mm 1 000 mm
dn = 125 mm 1 000 mm
dn = 160 mm 500 mm
dn = 200 mm 500 mm
Point of impact Mouth of the socket
1) Only for fabricated fittings made from more than one piece. A sealing ring retaining means is not considered as a piece.
Table 12 Ð Physical characteristics of pipes

Vicat softening $ 79 8C Shall conform to EN 727 EN 727
temperature (VST)
Longitudinal # 5% Test temperature 150 8C Method A of
reversion The pipe shall Immersion time for: EN 743:
exhibit no bubbles e # 8 mm 15 min Liquid
or cracks e > 8 mm 30 min
or
Test temperature 150 8C Method B of
Immersion time for: EN 743:
e # 4 mm 30 min Air
4 mm < e # 16 mm 60 min
e > 16 mm 120 min
Resistance to No attack at any Test temperature 15 8C EN 580
dichloromethane at part of the surface Immersion time 30 min
a specified of the test piece
temperature
 BSI 1998
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EN 1401-1:1998
Table 13 Ð Physical characteristics of fittings

Vicat softening $ 77 8C1) Shall conform to EN 727 EN 727
temperature (VST)
Effects of heating 2) and 3) Test temperature 150 8C Method A of
Heating time for: EN 763:
e # 10 mm 30 min Air oven
e > 10 mm 60 min
1) VST $ 79 8C for application area code ``D'' and for dn less than or equal to 200 mm.
2) a) Within a radius of 15 times the wall thickness around the injection point(s), the depth of cracks, delamination or blisters shall not
exceed 50 % of the wall thickness at that point.
b) Within a distance of 10 times the wall thickness from the diaphragm zone, the depth of cracks, delamination or blisters shall not
exceed 50 % of the wall thickness at that point.
c) Within a distance of 10 times the wall thickness from the ring gate, the length of cracks shall not exceed 50 % of the wall
thickness at that point.
d) The weld line shall not have opened more than 50 % of the wall thickness at the line.
e) In all other parts of the surface the depth of cracks and delaminations shall not exceed 30 % of the wall thickness at that point.
Blisters shall not exceed a length 10 times the wall thickness.
3) After cutting through the fitting, the cut surfaces shall show no foreign particles, when viewed without magnification.
Table 14 Ð Physical characteristics of fabricated fittings

Watertightness1) No leakage Water pressure 0,5 bar EN 1053
Duration 1 min
1) Only for fabricated fittings made from more than one piece. A sealing ring retaining means is not considered as a piece.
9 Performance requirements 12 Marking

When tested in accordance with the test methods as 12.1 General
specified in Table 15 using the indicated parameters,
the joints and the system shall have ``fitness for 12.1.1 Marking elements shall be printed or formed
purpose'' characteristics conforming to the directly on the component or be on a label, in such a
requirements given in Table 15. way that after storage, weathering and handling and
installation, the required legibility is maintained.
One of the following three levels of legibility of the
10 Sealing rings marking on components is specified for the individual
10.1 The sealing ring shall have no detrimental effects marking aspects given in the column ``Minimum
on the properties of the pipe and the fitting and shall durability of legibility of marking'' in Tables 16 and 17.
not cause the test assembly to fail to conform to The required durability of marking is coded with
Table 15. decreasing stringency as follows:
10.2 Materials for sealing rings shall conform to a) durable in use;
EN 681-1 or prEN 681-2, as applicable. b) legible until the system is installed;
10.3 Thermoplastics elastomeric (TPE) seals shall c) marking on the packaging, legible until the
additionally conform to the long-term performance component is installed.
requirements as specified in Table 15. NOTE The manufacturer is not responsible for marking being
illegible, due to actions caused during installation and use such
as painting, scratching, covering of the components or by use
11 Adhesives of detergents, etc. on the components unless agreed or
specified by the manufacturer.
The adhesive shall be solvent cement and shall be as
specified by the manufacturer of pipes or fittings. 12.1.2 Marking shall not initiate cracks or other types
of defects which adversely influence the performance
The adhesive shall have no detrimental effects on the of the pipe or the fitting.
properties of the pipe and of the fitting and shall not
cause the test assembly to fail to conform to Table 15. Marking by indentation reducing the wall thickness not
more than 0,25 mm shall be deemed to conform to this
clause without infringing the requirements for the wall
thickness given in 6.2.
 BSI 1998
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EN 1401-1:1998
Table 15 Ð Performance requirements

Tightness of Test temperature (23 ± 5) 8C Method 4 of
elastomeric sealing Spigot deflection $ 10 % EN 1277,
ring joints Socket deflection $ 5% Condition B
Difference $ 5%
--------------- -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
No leakage Water pressure 0,05 bar
--------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
--------------- --------------------- ---------------
# 20,27 bar Air pressure 20,3 bar
Test temperature (23 ± 5) 8C Method 4 of
Angular deflection for: EN 1277,
dn # 315 mm 28 condition C
315 mm < dn # 630 mm 1,58
dn > 630 mm 18
--------------- -------------------- ---------------
--------------- -------------------- ---------------

--------------- -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
# 20,27 bar Air pressure 20,3 bar
Elevated No leakage Shall conform to EN 1055 EN 1055 using test
temperature assembly b)
cycling1) (Figure 2)
Long-term Sealing pressure: Test temperature (23 ± 5) 8C prEN 1989
performance of 1) at 90 days:
TPE seals $ 1,3 bar
2) by extrapolation
to 100 years:
$ 0,6 bar
1) Test required only for components intended to be used for application area code ``D'' and for dn less than or equal to 200 mm.
12.1.3 If printing is used, the colouring of the printed 12.4 Additional marking
information shall differ from the basic colouring of the
pipe or fitting. 12.4.1 Pipes and fittings conforming to this standard,
which also conform to other standard(s), may be
12.1.4 The size of the marking shall be such that the additionally marked with the minimum required
marking is legible without magnification. marking in accordance with this/those other
standard(s).
12.2 Minimum required marking of pipes
Pipes shall be marked at intervals of maximum 2 m, at 12.4.2 Pipes and fittings conforming to this standard
least once per pipe. which are third party certified, may be marked
accordingly.
The minimum required marking of pipes shall conform
NOTE Attention is drawn to the possible need to include CE
to Table 16. marking when required for legislative purposes.
12.3 Minimum required marking of fittings
The minimum required marking of fittings shall
conform to Table 17.
 BSI 1998
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EN 1401-1:1998
Table 16 Ð Minimum required marking of pipes

Aspects Marking or symbols Minimum durability of legibility
of marking
± Number of standard EN 1401 a
± Application area code Either U or UD a
± Manufacturer's name and/or trade mark XXX a
± Nominal size e.g. 200 a
± Minimum wall thickness or SDR e.g. either 4,9 or SDR 41 a
± Material Either PVC-U or PVC a
± Nominal ring stiffness e.g. SN 4 a
± Manufacturer's information 1) a
± Cold climate performance2) (ice crystal) b
1) For providing traceability the following details shall be given:
a) the production period, year and month, in figures or in code;
b) a name or code for the production site if the manufacturer is producing on different sites, nationally and/or internationally.
2) This marking is only applicable to pipes which, by testing, have been proven to conform to 7.1.2.
Table 17 Ð Minimum required marking of fittings

Aspects Marking or symbols Minimum durability of
legibility of marking
± Number of standard EN 1401 b
± Application area code Either U or UD a
± Manufacturer's name and/or trade mark XXX a
± Nominal size e.g. 200 a
± Nominal angle e.g. 458 b
± Minimum wall thickness or SDR e.g. either 4,9 or SDR 41 b
± Material Either PVC-U or PVC a
± Manufacturer's information 1) b
1) For providing traceability the following details shall be given:
a) the production period, year, in figures or in code;
b) a name or code for the production site if the manufacturer is producing on different sites, nationally and/or internationally.
 BSI 1998
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EN 1401-1:1998
Annex A (normative) a) A specification for each material shall be agreed

between the supplier of external reprocessable or
Utilization of non-virgin material recyclable material and the pipe manufacturer. It
A.1 Material definitions shall at least cover the characteristics given in
Table A.1.
A.1.1
When determined in accordance with the test
virgin material
methods given in Table A.1, the actual values for
material in a form such as granules or powder that has these characteristics shall conform to the agreed
not been subjected to use or processing other than value and the permitted deviations shall conform to
that required for its manufacture and to which no those given in Table A.1.
reprocessable or recyclable material has been added
The quality plan of the supplier of external
A.1.2 reprocessable or recyclable material should conform
own reprocessable material to EN ISO 9002.
material prepared from rejected unused pipes or NOTE For the purposes of A.2.2.1, the manufacturer is
fittings, including trimmings from the production of responsible for claiming and ensuring that the quality plan
conforms to, or is no less stringent than, the relevant
pipes or fittings, that will be reprocessed in a requirements of EN ISO 9002: it is not essential for the
manufacturer's plant after having been previously manufacturer to be approved and registered for operation in
processed by the same manufacturer by a process such accordance with EN ISO 9002.
as moulding or extrusion, and for which the complete
formulation is known Table A.1 Ð Specification of characteristics
to be covered by the agreement and
A.1.3 permitted deviations for these

external reprocessable material characteristics
material comprising either one of the following forms: Characteristic Permitted Test method
a) material from rejected unused pipes or fittings or deviations
trimmings, that will be reprocessed and that were PVC-content1) ±4 % absolute prEN 1905
originally processed by another manufacturer; by mass
b) material from the production of unused PVC-U K-value1) ±3 units EN 922
products other than pipes and fittings, regardless of
where they are manufactured Density1) ±20 kg/m3 ISO 1183:1987
Vicat softening ±2 8C EN 727
A.1.4
temperature
recyclable material
(VST)1)
material comprising either of the following forms:
Particle size2) Requirements and test method
a) material from used pipes or fittings which have
shall be agreed and stated in the
been cleaned and crushed or ground;
specification.
b) material from used PVC-U products other than
pipes or fittings which have been cleaned and Type of Requirements and test method
crushed or ground stabilizer1) 2) shall be agreed and stated in the
specification.
A.2 Reprocessable and recyclable material
Impurities2) Based on the source of material
NOTE For the purposes of this clause, the term ``pipes'' means
extruded pipes and any parts of a fabricated fitting which is made and the recycling process, a
from an extruded pipe. The term fitting means injection-moulded relevant test method and
fittings and injection-moulded parts of a fabricated fitting. requirements shall be agreed and
A.2.1 Own reprocessable material stated in the specification.
The use of clean own reprocessable material for the Both the test method and the
production of pipes and fittings is permitted without requirements shall be published.
1) If the source of the material is pipes and fittings produced
limitation. If fitting material is used for the production
under a European nationally recognized quality mark or a
of pipes it shall be considered as recyclable material. European quality mark, it is not required to test these
A.2.2 External reprocessable and recyclable material characteristics if the requirement covered by the
materials with agreed specification quality mark conforms to the requirement given in this table.
2) The relevant requirements and test method depend on the
A.2.2.1 Material from PVC-U pipes and fittings recycling process and on the end product.
External reprocessable and recyclable material, with an
agreed specification from PVC-U pipes and fittings that b) Each delivery shall be covered by a certificate
are available in relevant quantities and intervals of according to 3.1.B of EN 10204:1991, showing
time, is permitted to be added to virgin or own conformity to the agreed specification.
reprocessable material or a mixture of those two c) The maximum quantity of external reprocessable
materials for the production of pipes provided that all and recyclable material that is intended to be added
the following conditions are met. shall be specified by the pipe manufacturer.
 BSI 1998
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EN 1401-1:1998
d) The quantity of external reprocessable and b) the material shall be clean and dry;
recyclable material that is actually added in each c) the maximum allowed amount of reprocessable
production series shall be recorded by the pipe and recyclable material shall depend on the
manufacturer. difference in K-value of the virgin material and the
e) The PVC content of the end product shall reprocessable and recyclable material as follows:
conform to the requirements specified in 4.1.
1) if the difference in K-value, when determined in
f) Type testing shall be carried out on the end accordance with EN 922, is # 4 units, then up
product with the maximum specified amount and
to 10 % by mass may be added;
with each form of external reprocessable or
recyclable material with an agreed specification. 2) if the difference in K-value is > 4 units or not
Approved results shall be taken as proving conformity determined, then up to 5 % by mass may be added.
also of components containing lower levels of external d) the quantity of external reprocessable and
or recyclable material. recyclable material that is actually added in each
A.2.2.2 Material from PVC-U products other than production series shall be recorded by the pipe and
pipes and fittings fitting manufacturer.
External reprocessable and recyclable material with an NOTE Attention is drawn to possible national regulations
agreed specification from PVC-U bottles or window regarding heavy metals, e.g. cadmium.
frames that are available in relevant quantities and A.2.3 External reprocessable and recyclable
intervals of time is permitted to be added to virgin or materials not covered by an agreed specification
own reprocessable material or a mixture of those two
materials for the production of pipes and fittings A.2.3.1 Material from PVC-U pipes and fittings
provided that all the following conditions are met: External reprocessable and recyclable material not
a) the material shall conform to all the conditions covered by an agreed specification from PVC-U pipes
given in a) to f), inclusive, of A.2.2.1, and to all of and fittings that are available in random quantities and
the additional characteristics and requirements given intervals of time is permitted to be added to virgin or
in Table A.2. own reprocessable material or a mixture of those two
materials for the production of pipes provided that all
Table A.2 Ð Requirements for external the following conditions are met:
reprocessable and recyclable material from
PVC-U products other than pipes and a) when this material is used, the production shall
fittings be considered as at least one batch and tested
accordingly;
Characteristic Requirements Test method
b) the material shall be clean and dry;
PVC-content $ 80 % by mass prEN 1905
c) the maximum allowed amount of reprocessable
K-value 56 # K-value # 70 EN 922 and recyclable material shall depend on the
Density 1 390 kg/m3 ISO 1183:1987 difference in K-value of the virgin material and the
# density reprocessable and recyclable material as follows:
# 1 500 kg/m3
1) if the difference in K-value, when determined in
Vicat softening $ 62 8 C EN 727 accordance with EN 922, is # 4 units, then up
temperature to 10 % by mass may be added;
(VST)
1) 2) if the difference in K-value is > 4 units or not
Impurities # 1 500 ppm for determined, then up to 5 % by mass may be added;
particle size
# 1 000 mm d) the quantity of external reprocessable and
recyclable material that is actually added in each
# 1 500 ppm
production series shall be recorded by the pipe
for 1 000 mm
manufacturer.
< particle size
< 1 400 mm A.2.3.2 Material from PVC-U products other than
Particle size > 1 000 mm: max. 15 % pipes and fittings
< 1 400 mm: 100 % External reprocessable and recyclable material not
Source of the One source: bottles covered by an agreed specification from other PVC-U
material or window frames products other than pipes and fittings shall not be used
If the source of the material is unused products for which the for the production of pipes and fittings conforming to
complete formulation is known and is such that all the this standard.
requirements given in this table are fulfilled, the material does
not have to be tested and does not have to meet the
requirements for particle size.
1) Based on the source of material and the recycling process,
a relevant test method and requirements shall be agreed and
stated in the specification.
Both the test method and the requirements shall be published.
 BSI 1998
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EN 1401-1:1998
Annex B (informative) B.4 Creep ratio

The creep ratio for pipes and fittings conforming to
General characteristics of PVC-U pipes this standard, when determined in accordance with
and fittings EN ISO 9967, is less than 2. For fittings the full
B.1 General cylindrical length of the socket or spigot is used as a
test piece and the pre-load force, F0, is decreased
EN 476 specifies the general requirements for relative to the actual length of the test piece.
components used in discharge pipes, drains and sewers
for gravity systems. Pipes and fittings conforming to B.5 Chemical resistance
this standard fully meet these requirements. The PVC-U piping systems conforming to this standard are
following additional information is given. resistant to corrosion by water with a wide range of
B.2 Compound characteristics pH-values, such as domestic waste water, rainwater,
surface water and groundwater.
The compounds of pipes and fittings conforming to
this standard generally have these characteristics: If piping systems conforming to EN 1401 are to be used
for chemically-contaminated waste waters, such as
Modulus of elasticity E(1min) $ 3 000 MPa industrial discharges, chemical and temperature
resistance have to be taken into account. For
Average density ≈ 1,4 g/cm3 information about the chemical resistance of PVC-U
Average coefficient of linear materials guidance is given in ISO/TR 10358 and for
thermal expansion ≈ 0,08 mm/mK rubber materials in ISO/TR 7620.
Thermal conductivity ≈ 0,16 WK21m21
B.6 Abrasion resistance

Surface resistance > 1012 V Pipes and fittings conforming to this standard are
resistant to abrasion. For special circumstances, the
B.3 Ring stiffness abrasion resistance can be determined from the test
The ring stiffness of pipes conforming to this standard, method given in EN 295-3.
when determined in accordance with EN ISO 9969, is B.7 Hydraulic roughness
as follows:
The internal surfaces of pipes and fittings conforming
$ 2 kN/m2 for SDR 51; to this standard are hydraulically smooth. The design
$ 4 kN/m2 for SDR 41; of joints and fittings ensures good hydraulic
$ 8 kN/m2 for SDR 34. performance. For further information about hydraulic
capacity of pipes and fittings conforming to this
When a fitting conforming to this standard has the
standard refer to the manufacturer's information.
same wall thickness as the corresponding pipe, the
stiffness of this fitting, because of its geometry, is equal B.8 Diametric deflection
to or greater than the stiffness of that pipe. In normal installation conditions, the expected average
Consequently fittings are classified with the deflection of the outside diameter of the pipes will be
corresponding pipe stiffness. less than 8 %. However, deflections up to 15 %,
The actual value of stiffness of the fittings can be e.g. caused by soil movement, will not affect the
determined in accordance with ISO/DIS 13967. proper functioning of the piping system.
 BSI 1998
Page 22
EN 1401-1:1998
Annex C (informative) prEN 12666, Plastics piping systems for non-pressure

underground drainage and sewerage Ð
Bibliography Polyethylene (PE).
EN 295-3, Vitrified clay pipes and fittings and pipe EN ISO 9002, Quality systems Ð Model for quality
joints for drains and sewers Ð Part 3: Test methods. assurance in production, installation and servicing
EN 476, General requirements for components used in (ISO 9002:1994).
discharge pipes, drains and sewers for gravity systems. EN ISO 9967, Plastics pipes Ð Determination of
prEN 1401-2, Plastics piping systems for non-pressure creep ratio.
underground drainage and sewerage Ð Unplasticized EN ISO 9969, Thermoplastics pipes Ð Determination
poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) Ð Part 2: Guidance for of ring stiffness.
the assessment of conformity.
ISO 265-1:1988, Pipes and fittings of plastics
prEN 1636, Plastics piping systems for non-pressure materials Ð Fittings for domestic and industrial
underground drainage and sewerage Ð waste pipes Ð Basic dimensions: Metric series Ð
Glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) based Part 1: Unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U).
on polyester resin (UP).
ISO/TR 7620, Rubber materials Ð Chemical resistance
EN 1852, Plastics piping systems for non-pressure
ISO/TR 10358, Plastics pipes and fittings Ð Combined
underground drainage and sewerage Ð
chemical-resistance classification table.
Polypropylene (PP).
ISO/DIS 13967, Plastics piping systems Ð
CEN/TC 155/13 N 301 Revised, Plastics piping systems
Thermoplastics fitting Ð Determination of the
for non-pressure underground drainage and
short-term stiffness.
sewerage Ð Structured-wall piping systems of
unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U), RAL 840-HR3), Colour register.

polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) Ð
Part 1: Specification and requirements for pipes,
fittings and the system. (CEN/TC 155 WI 051: 052:
053)
3) Obtainable at the national standards institute.
 BSI 1998
blank
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British Standard

A single copy of this British Standard is licensed to

This is an uncontrolled copy. Ensure use of the most

This British Standard, having Amendments issued since publication

ISBN 0 580 29709 8

Plastics piping systems for non-pressure underground drainage

SysteÁmes de canalisations en plastique pour les Kunststoff-Rohrleitungssysteme fuÈr erdverlegte

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 3 August 1997.

Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels

system standard. 5.2 Colour 6

1 Scope EN 681-1, Elastomeric seals Ð Material requirements

regulations and installation practices or codes. pipes Ð Determination of resistance to internal

1) This document is under revision.

ISO 472:1988, Plastics Ð Vocabulary. 3.1.8

L1 length of spigot 4.2 Pipe material

Table 1 Ð Material characteristics of pipes

Table 2 Ð Material characteristics of fittings

5 General characteristics 6.2.2 Out-of-roundness

6.1 General 6.3.1 Outside diameters

Dimensions in millimetres 6.3.3 Wall thicknesses

2) According to the colour register RAL 840-HR.

Figure 1 Ð Effective length of pipes

Table 4 Ð Wall thicknesses

110 110 Ð Ð 3,2 3,8 3,2 3,8

315 315 316,0 62 70 132 12

630 630 631,9 93 953) 188 23

Figure 3 Ð Typical groove designs for elastomeric ring seal sockets

Figure 4 Ð Example for measuring the effective sealing point

Table 6 Ð Wall thicknesses of sockets

110 110 Ð Ð 2,9 2,4 2,9 2,4

315 315 5,6 4,7 6,9 5,8 8,3 6,9

630 630 11,1 9,3 13,9 11,6 16,6 13,8

Figure 5 Ð Example for calculation of the wall

Figure 6 Ð Basic dimensions for ``O-ring

Table 7 Ð Dimensions of ``O-ring type'' sockets

110 110 110,9 6 120,3 121,3 9,1 11,1

250 250 252,0 18 272,9 274,5 19,5 26,7

(450) 450 453,5 26 480,2 482,8 27,0 36,3

500 500 503,5 28 533,2 536,0 29,9 39,9

Table 8 Ð Diameters and lengths of solvent cement sockets and spigots

110 110 110,2 110,6 48 54 6

6.5 Types of fittings

dn2 110 125 160 200

Figure 8 Ð Bend with Figure 11 Ð Bend with all

Figure 15 Ð Branch with all

Figure 16 Ð Reducing branch (swept)

Figure 14 Ð Branch (unswept)

Figure 17 Ð Reducing branch

Figure 18 Ð Saddle branch

accordance with Table 16.

the fitting shall have mechanical characteristics

Table 9 Ð General mechanical characteristics of pipes

Table 10 Ð Additional mechanical characteristics of pipes

Table 11 Ð Mechanical characteristics of fittings

Impact strength No damage Test/conditioning temperature 0 8C prEN 12061

Table 12 Ð Physical characteristics of pipes

Table 13 Ð Physical characteristics of fittings

Table 14 Ð Physical characteristics of fabricated fittings

9 Performance requirements 12 Marking