Exercise No.:1 Introduction To Mechatronics System

EXERCISE NO.
:1
INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS SYSTEM
AIM :
To study the important features of a Mechatronics system.
MECHATRONICS SYSTEM:
Many industries are improving their works through automation using required
control systems, which is based on the interaction of the electrical and electronic control
systems with mechanical engineering systems. The control systems use microprocessors
as controllers and have electrical sensors which are extracting the required information
from the system and regulating the mechanical systems. This can be considered to be an
application of computer based digital control techniques, through electronic and electrical
interfaces to mechanical engineering problems. Successful design of Mechatronics can lead
to products that are extremely attractive to customers in quality and cost aspects.
MECHATRONICS DEFINITION:
Mechatronics may be defined as a multi-disciplinary field of study that implies the
synergistic integration of electronic engineering, electric engineering, control engineering
and computer technology with mechanical engineering for the design, manufacture,
analysis and maintenance of a wide range of engineering products and processes.
APPLICATIONS OF MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING:
Mechatronics engineering finds applications in the following fields.
 Automotive Engine systems Manufacturing systems Material handling

systems
VARIOUS SYSTEMS DISCUSSED IN MECHATRONICS:
 Hydraulic system Pneumatic system Electrical system
HYDRAULIC SYSTEM:
Reservoir : A reservoir is an oil supply tank. It is provided to hold the hydraulic liquid.
Pump : The pump is used to force the liquid into the system.
Prime mover : A Prime mover, usually an electric motor, is used to drive the pump.
Valves : Valves are refitted in the system to control liquid direction, pressure, and
flow rate.
Actuator : An actuator is provided to convert the liquid energy into mechanical force
or torque to do useful work. The actuator is the actual working element of the
system. The actuators can be either cylinders (to provide linear motion) or hydro motors (to
provide rotary motion).
Piping : The hydraulic Piping is provided to carry the compressed liquid from one
place to another.
PNEUMATIC SYSTEM:
Reservoir : An air tank is provided to store the compressed air required for the
operations.
Compressor : The compressor is used to compress the atmospheric air so as to increase
the pressure of the air.
Prime mover : A Prime mover, usually an electric motor, is used to drive the compressor.
Valves : Valves are refitted in the system to control air direction, pressure, and
flow rate.
Actuator : An actuator is provided to convert the air energy into mechanical force or
torque to do useful work.
Piping : Piping is provided to carry the compressed air from one place to another.
BASIC SYMBOLS USED IN HYDRAULIC AND PNEUMATIC SYSTEM:
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM:
These are direct current (DC) or alternating current (AC) servo motors. They are
small in size and are easy to control.
Electric drives are mostly used in position and speed control systems. The
motors can be classified into two groups namely DC motors and AC motors.
DC MOTORS
A DC motor is a device that converts direct current (electrical energy) into
rotation of an element (mechanical energy). These motors can further be classified into
brushed DC motor and brushless DC motors.
AC MOTORS
AC motors convert AC current into the rotation of a mechanical element
(mechanical energy). As in the case of DC motor, a current is passed through the coil,
generating a torque on the coil. Typical components include a s tator and a rotor. The
armature of rotor is a magnet unlike DC motors and the stator is formed by
electromagnets similar to DC motors. The main limitation of AC motors over DC
motors is that speed is more difficult to control in AC motors. To overcome this
limitation, AC motors are equipped with variable frequency drives but the improved
speed control comes together with a reduced power quality.
STEPPER MOTOR
A stepper motor is a pulse-driven motor that changes the angular position of
the rotor in steps. Due to this nature of a stepper motor, it is widely used in low cost,
open loop position control systems. The different types of stepper motors are
i. Permanent Magnet type ii. Variable Reluctance type of stepper motor
RESULT:
Thus, a study on the important features of a Mechatronics system is made.

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EXERCISE NO.

 Automotive Engine systems Manufacturing systems Material handling

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