Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region I
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOCOS NORTE

General
Chemistry 1
Quarter 1 – Module 19:
Gas Stoichiometry

MELC: Apply the principles of stoichiometry to determine

the amounts (volume, number of moles, or mass) of
gaseous reactants and products.
(K to 12 BEC CG: STEM_GC11GS-Ii-j-48)

Prepared by:

MARISSA G. AREOLA
Teacher I
Bangui National High School

General Chemistry 1
Quarter 1 – Module 19: Gas Stoichiometry
First Edition, 2020

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Development Team of the Module

Writers: Marissa G. Areola
Editor:
Reviewers:
Illustrators:
Layout Artist:
Management Team: Joann A. Corpuz
Joye D. Madalipay
Arnel S. Bandiola
Jenetrix T. Tumaneng
Jerry G. Tabrilla

Schools Division of Ilocos Norte

Office Address: Brgy. 7B, Giron Street, Laoag City, Ilocos
Norte
Telefax: (077) 771-0960
Telephone No.: (077) 770-5963, (077) 600-2605
E-mail Address: ilocosnorte@deped.gov.ph
 General
Chemistry 1
Quarter 1 – Module 19:
Gas Stoichiometry
Introductory Message
For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the General Chemistry 1 Module on Gas Stoichiometry. This

module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both from
public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the
learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their
personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also
aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Note to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that will help you in
guiding the learners

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:

Welcome to the General Chemistry 1 Module on Gas Stoichiometry. This

module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need This will give you an idea of the skills or competencies
to Know you are expected to learn in the module.

What I This part includes an activity that aims to check what

Know you already know about the lesson to take. If you get
all the answers correct (100%), you may decide to skip
this module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link the

current lesson with the previous one.

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 In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to
What’s New
you in various ways such as a story, a song, a poem,
a problem opener, an activity or a situation.

This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson.

What is it
This aims to help you discover and understand new
concepts and skills.

This comprises activities for independent practice to

What’s More
solidify your understanding and skills of the topic.
You may check the answers to the exercises using the
Answer Key at the end of the module.

What I have This includes questions or blank sentence/paragraph

Learned to be filled in to process what you learned from the
lesson.

What I Can This section provides an activity which will help you
Do transfer your new knowledge or skill into real life
situations or concerns.

This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of

Assessment
mastery in achieving the learning competency.

Additional In this portion, another activity will be given to you to

Activities enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson learned.

This contains answers to all activities in the module.

Answer Key

At the end of this module you will also find:

This is a list of all sources used in developing this

References module

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The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not
alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you master gas stoichiometry. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many
different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary
level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the
course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with
the textbook you are now using.

The module is focused on Gas Stoichiometry

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Determine the amount of gas formed in a reaction and amount of materials
needed to react with a gas.

2. Use volume ratios and other stoichiometric principles to solve problems involving
mass, molar amounts and volumes of gases.

What I Know

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 This part of the module is a pre-assessment activity that allows your teacher to
determine your strengths, weaknesses, knowledge and skills about stoichiometry on
gases. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet
of paper and submit a copy of it to your subject teacher.

1. How many grams of H2 required to react with 10.23 g of O2?

2 H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(g) ?
a. 1.291 g c. 3. 327 g
b. 2.563 g d. 4.231 g

2. How many liters of oxygen gas are needed to react with 0.432 grams of SO2 gas at
STP? 2SO2(g) + O2(g) → 2SO3(g)
a. 0.0541 L c. 0. 0755 L
b. 0.0678 L d. 0.128 L

3. What is meant by the term molar volume?

a. At STP, one mole of any gas occupies 22.4 liters.

b. The volume of a mole of a gas varies depending on the type of gas.

c. It is the quotient of moles divided by volume at any temperature

d. The volume of a mole of a gas will always be 22.4 liters, regardless of the

temperature and pressure.

4. How many liters of H2 will be required at a temperature of 300 K and 3 atm

pressure to consume 65 grams of N2?

N2(g) + 3H2(g) → 2 NH3(g)

a. 45.87 L c. 51. 58 L
b. 49.26 L d. 57.14 L
5. Refer to the reaction above, how many liters of NH3 will be produced if 8 liters of

N2 are consumed?

a. 15 L b. 16 L c. 17 L d. 18 L

Lesson
19 Gas Stoichiometry

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 Chemical reactions frequently involve both solid substances whose mass can
be measured easily. For the mass of gaseous reactant or product, it can be measured
by collecting it in suitable flask that has been previously weighed while evacuated.
The difference between the flask weight with the gas when evacuated gives the grams
of gas in the flask. As you might imagine, this is not a convenient experimental
approach to working with gases. Fortunately, there are other ways to determine the
quantity of a reagent in the gas phase. You will learn of the ideal gas law, which
provides a relationship between the moles of gas and three variables –pressure,
volume and temperature- that are easily measured. Using the ideal gas law, you will
then solve stoichiometry problems in which the amount of a gas is given in terms of
pressure, volume and temperature.

What’s In

Before you proceed with the next lesson, recall your previous knowledge on gas
laws. Write the letter of the best answer on a separate sheet of paper and submit a
copy of it to your subject teacher

1. An aerosol can of air freshener is sprayed into a room. What happens to the
pressure of the gas if its temperature stays constant?
a. increases c. increases then decreases
b. decreases b. remains the same

2. The variable that stays constant when using the combined gas law is
a. Amount of gas c. temperature
b. Pressure d. volume

3. Which of the following expresses Avogadro’s principle?

a. STP stands for standard temperature and pressure.
b. One mole of any gas will occupy a certain volume at STP.
c. The molar volume of a gas is the volume that one mole occupies at
STP.
d. Equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain
equal numbers of particles.

4. Under which of the following volumes will 1.00 mol of an ideal gas exhibit
the greatest pressure at 300 K?
a. 0.01 L b. 0.10 L c. 1.00 L d. 10.0 L

5. Which among the following systems will have the greatest volume at STP?
a. 1.00 g N2 gas (M = 28 g/mol) c. 1.00 g CO2 gas (M = 44 g/mol)
b. 1.00 g NH3 gas (M = 17 g/mol) d. 1.00 g He gas (M = 4 g/mol)

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 Note the Teachers
The teacher must consider the prerequisite skills needed in
the development of this competency including the schema or
background knowledge which may reinforce learning. This module
will help the learners bridge the gap of learning to attain mastery
of the lesson in its spiral progression.

What’s New

This part of the module will let you understand the concepts on stoichiometry
on gases. Indicate whether each statement is true or false. Write your answer on a
separate sheet of paper and submit a copy of it to your subject teacher.
1. The molar volume of a gas is the volume that 1 mol occupies at 00C and 1.0 atm
pressure.
2. The number of moles of a gas (n) is equal to the mass (m) divided by the molar
mass (M).
3. The molecular weight/ molar mass of a gaseous compound is a non-variable
quantity.
4. Gases have low densities.
5. When gases react, coefficients in the balanced equation represent molar amou
nts and relative volumes.

What is It

Gas Stoichiometry
Gas Stoichiometry deals with reactions involving gases, where the gases are
at known temperature, pressure, and volume and can be assumed to ideal gas. With
the ideal gas law, we can use the relationship between the amount of gases in moles
and their volumes in liters to calculate the stoichiometry of reactions involving gases,

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if the pressure and temperature are known. For gases, the volume ratio is ideally the
same as the ideal gas law, but the mass ratio of a single reaction has to be calculated
from the molecule masses of the reactants and products. In practice due to the
existence of isotopes, molar masses are used instead when calculating the mass ratio.
As before, we also need to consider mole ratios, when examining reactions
quantitatively. At times, you will be able to use 22.4 L/mol at STP (standard
temperature and pressure)
By an extension of Avogadro’s principle, when gases react, coefficients in the
balanced equation represent molar amounts and relative volumes.

For example: N2(g) + 3H2(g) → 2NH3(g)

• 1 mol of nitrogen gas (N2) react with 3 moles of hydrogen gas (H2) to produced
2 moles of Ammonia gas (NH3)
• 1 volume of nitrogen gas will react with 3 volumes of hydrogen gas to
produced 2 volumes of ammonia gas

There are three types of gas stoichiometry problems

1. Mole to Volume (Volume to Mole)
2. Mass to Volume (Volume to Mass)
3. Volume to Volume

1. Mole to Volume Stoichiometry

Given the amount of one gas/component in mole, you are tasked to find the
volume of another gaseous component. The temperature and pressure must be stated
in the problem such as this;

Example: Given the Haber process N2(g) + 3H2(g) → 2NH3(g). How many liters of
NH3 can be produced at a temperature of 270 C and a pressure of 760 torr, if 20 moles
of N2 are consumed?
Note: You have to make sure that the chemical equation given is balanced.
1 mole of N2 (given) = 2 mole of NH3(unknown), this can be used as a conversion
factor.

Given: T = 270C + 273 = 300 K P =760 torr = 1 atm.

n (amount) of N2 in mols = 20 mols V of NH3 in liters (L) = ?

Solution: You have to calculate the n (amount of substance, moles) of NH3 from the
given mole of N2 (always start with the given)
2 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑁𝐻3
20 mols of N2 x = 40 mols of NH3
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑁2

To solve for the volume in liters, we will use the ideal gas law equation, PV=nRT,

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 R= 0.08201 L-atm/mol K

(1 atm) (V) = 40 mol (0.08205 L-atm/mol K) (300 K)

Note that all units will cancel except liters, solving for V you need to divide both
sides by 1 atm.
V = 984.12 L of NH3

2. Mass to Volume Stoichiometry

Given the mass of one gas/component in grams, you are tasked to find the
volume of another gaseous component at a stated temperature and pressure.

Example: CH4 burns in O2, producing CO2 and H2O. A 1.22 L CH4 cylinder, at 150C
registers a pressure of 328 kPa.

a. What volume of CO2 (at STP) is produced if only 2.15 g of the CH4 was
burned?
b. What volume of O2 at STP will be required to react completely with all of the
CH4?
CH4(g) + 2O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)

Given: V of CH4= 1.22 L T =150C + 273 = 288K

P=328 kPa = 3.24 atm R = 0.08205 L-atm/mol-K

a. V of CO2 at STP if mass of CH4 =2.15 g

Solution: You have to start with the given mass to determine the mole of the
unknown.
Mole ratio from the balanced equation

𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑜𝑓 𝐶𝑂2

2.15 g of CH4 x x = 0.134 mol of CO2
16 𝑔 𝑜𝑓 𝐶𝐻4 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑜𝑓 𝐶𝐻4

Molar mass of CH4

Since we have the number of moles of CH4, we can solve the volume at the given
condition STP using ideal gas law, PV=nRT

(1 atm) (V) = (0.134 mol)(0.08205 L-atm/mol-K (273 K)

V= 3.0 L
b. We do not have mass given in the problem, yet we are tasked to find the volume
of O2 at STP. We can directly start the ideal gas law equation to solve for mole
of CH4.
PV = nRT ; (3.24 atm)(1.22 L) = n (0.08205 L-atm/mol-K)(288 K)

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 Dividing both sides by (0.08205)(288), we can now solve for n
n = 0.167 mol of CH4
From the mol of CH4 we can now solve the number of mol of
2 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑜𝑓 𝑂2
0.167 mol of CH4 x = 0.335 mol of O2
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑜𝑓 𝐶𝐻4

At STP, we can solve the volume of O2

(1 atm)(V) = 0.335 mol (0.08205 L-atm/mol-K) (273 K)
V= 7.5 L

Example: Nitroglycerin explodes according to

4 C3H5(NO3)3 → 12 CO2(g) + 6N2(g) + 10 H2O (g) + O2(g)

a. Calculate the volume, at STP of CO2 formed by the reaction of 100 g of
C3H5(NO3)3.
Given: mass of C3H5(NO3)3 = 100 g V of CO2 = ?

Note: STP T = 273 K P = 1 atm

Solution: You have to find the number of moles of the unknown using the given
mass of the given to be able to apply the ideal gas law equation.
𝑚𝑜𝑙 12 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑜𝑓 𝐶𝑂2
100 g of C3H5(NO3)3 x = 1.32 mol of CO2
227 𝑔 4 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑜𝑓 𝐶3 𝐻5 (𝑁𝑂3)3

Solving for the volume of CO2 at STP, PV=nRT

(1 atm) (V) = 1.32 mol (0.08205 L-atm/mol-K )(273 K)

V = 29.6 L

Another solution, since it is at STP, 1 mol = 22.4 L

22.4 𝐿 𝑜𝑓 𝐶𝑂2
1.32 mol of CO2 x = 29.6 L of CO2
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙

3. Volume to Volume Stoichiometry

The easiest since according to the law of combining gas volumes, gases combine
at the same temperature and pressure in simple whole number of volumes. What this
means is that we can use the coefficient in the balanced equation to form volume
relationship.

Example: How many liters of H2 gas will react with 5.0 L of O2 to form water?

2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(g)

Given: V of O2 = 5.0 L V of H2 = ?

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 Note: 2 L of H2 = 1 L of O2 (from the balanced chemical equation)
2 𝐿 𝑜𝑓 𝐻2
Solution: 5.0 L of O2 x = 10 L of H2
1 𝐿 𝑜𝑓 𝑂2

What’s More

This part of the module will strengthen your understanding and skills of the
topic. Each problem needs more information to determine the answer. List as many
letters as are needed to answer and solve the problem. Write the chosen letter/s on a
separate sheet of paper and submit a copy of it to your subject teacher.

1. What volume will 1.0 g N2 gas occupy at STP?

a. molar mass of the gas c. amount of gas in mol
b. molar volume of the gas d. pressure of the gas

2. An acetylene tank for an oxyacetylene welding torch provides 9340 L of

acetylene gas, C2H2, at 0°C and 1 atm. How many tanks of oxygen, each
providing 7.00 × 103 L of O2 at 0 °C and 1 atm, will be required to burn the
acetylene?
2C2H2(g) + 5O2(g) → 4CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)

a. molar volume of one gas component c. amount of one gas in mol

b. mole ratio from the balanced equation d. molar mass of the one gas

3. Sulfur dioxide is an intermediate in the preparation of sulfuric acid. What

volume of SO2 at 343 °C and 1.21 atm is produced by burning l.00 kg of sulfur
in oxygen?
S + O2 → SO2
a. molar mass of one component
b. molar volume of the gas
c. mole ratio from the balanced equation
d. amount of one gas in mol

4. How many grams of helium are in a 2-L balloon at STP?

a. molar mass of the gas

b. amount of one gas in mol

c. molar volume of the gas

d. no further information is needed

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 What I have Learned
Directions: Fill in the table and complete the following phrases to generalize the
things you have learned about the topic. Write your answer on a separate sheet of
paper and submit a copy of it to your subject teacher.

Gas 3 things I have learned 2 things I found interesting

stoichiometry
Problems
Mole to
Volume
Stoichiometry
Mass to
Volume
Stoichiometry
Volume to
Volume
Stoichiometry

What I Can Do

Directions: Create a road map to Gas Stoichiometry. You will decide, choose your
own adventure how do you prefer to do it. You can use numbered text, bullet type or
you can construct a diagram. Figure out where you’re starting from and where you’re
ending that correspond the journey you need to take. Submit your output to your
subject teacher. (see attached rubric for the scoring)
1. Mole to Volume (Volume to Mass)
2. Mass to Volume (Volume to Mass)
3. Volume to Volume

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 Assessment

This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of mastery. Answer each
question briefly. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper and submit a copy
of it to your subject teacher.

1. Consider the reaction 2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O (g), then answer the
following questions
a. List at least two types of information provided by the coefficients in the
equation.
_____________________________________________________________

b. If 4.0 L of water vapor is produced, what volume of hydrogen gas

reacted?
4.0 L of H2O ____ L of H2
= ____ L of H2
___ L of H2O

c. If it is known that 2 mol of hydrogen reacts, what additional

information would you need to know to find the volume of oxygen
that would react with it.

______________________________________________________________
d. List the steps you would use to find the mass of oxygen that would
react with a known number of moles of hydrogen.

e. Find the mass of water produced from 4.0 L H2 at STP if all of it reacts.

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 Additional Activities

Directions: Solve the following completely. Write your solution on a separate sheet
of paper and submit a copy of it to your subject teacher.

1. Ammonia NH3 gas can be synthesized from nitrogen gas N2 and hydrogen gas
H2. What volume of ammonia at 450 kPa and 800C can be obtained from the
complete reaction of 7.5 g hydrogen gas?

N2(g) + 3H2(g) → 2NH3(g)

2. Hydrogen gas and NaOH is produced when sodium metal is added to water.
a. Write the balanced chemical equation.
b. What mass of Na is needed to produce 20.0 L of H2 at STP?

3. Given the equation 2 NH3(g) + 3Cl2(g) → N2(g) + 6HCl(g)

a. How many moles of chlorine gas must react to produce 16 L of
nitrogen gas at 1.2 atm and 230C?
b. How many liters (L) of ammonia gas at 244 torr and 350C must use to
produce 2.3 g of HCl gas?

Standards 5 POINTS 4 POINTS 3 POINTS 2 POINTS

Understanding Demonstrates a Demonstrates Demonstrates Demontrates
of Task substantial understanding gaps in their minimal
(Accuracy) understanding the content and understanding understanding
of the content, task, even of the task. of the task.
processes and though some
demands of the supporting ideas
task. or details may
have been
overlooked or
misunderstood.
Completion of Fully achieves Accomplishes Completes most Attempt to
Task (Quality) the purpose of the task. of the task. accomplish the
the task, task, but with
including little or no
thoughtful, success.
insightful

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 interpretations
and conjectures.
Steps, Diagrams Diagrams and Diagrams and/or Diagrams Diagrams
and Sketches /or sketches are sketches are and/or sketches and/or sketches
(Process) clear and clear and easy to are somewhat are difficult to
greatly add to understand difficult to understand or
the reader’s understand are not used
understanding
of the
procedure(s)

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References
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapters/gas-stoichiometry/
hhtps://www.ck12.org/chemistry/gas-stoichiometry/lesson/Gas-Stoichiometry-CHEM/
https://www.everettcc.edu/files/programs/academic-resources/transitional-
studies/support/tutoring-center/chemistry/w320-gas-stoichiometry-worksheet.pdf
https://www.chemteam.info/Stoichiometry/Mass-Volume-Prob1-10.html
http://www.chalkbored.com/lessons/chemistry-11/gas-stoichiometry-answers.pdf
Flores. Rodante G. et. al.(2016). General Chemistry 1. Quezon City: Lorimar Publishing, Inc.

For inquiries and feedback, please write or call:

Schools Division of Ilocos Norte – Curriculum Implementation Division

Learning Resource Management Section (SDOIN-CID LRMS)

Office Address: Brgy. 7B, Giron Street, Laoag City, Ilocos Norte
Telefax: (077) 771-0960
Telephone No.: (077) 770-5963, (077) 600-2605
E-mail Address: ilocosnorte@deped.gov.ph

Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985

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