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    Plantae Activities Memo

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    Priyanka Kana
    The document discusses different types of plants including bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms. It provides information on their characteristics and reproductive structures. Key points include: 1) Bryophytes were the first plants to colonize land and have non-vascular tissues. Pteridophytes were the first to develop vascular tissues. Gymnosperms and angiosperms both have seeds, but gymnosperms are pollinated naked while angiosperms have flowers. 2) Angiosperms have several adaptations that make them very successful, including fruits that protect and disperse seeds, and animal and wind pollination allowing for wide dispersal. 3)

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    Plantae Activities Memo

    Uploaded by

    Priyanka Kana
    35 views8 pages
    The document discusses different types of plants including bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms. It provides information on their characteristics and reproductive structures. Key points include: 1) Bryophytes were the first plants to colonize land and have non-vascular tissues. Pteridophytes were the first to develop vascular tissues. Gymnosperms and angiosperms both have seeds, but gymnosperms are pollinated naked while angiosperms have flowers. 2) Angiosperms have several adaptations that make them very successful, including fruits that protect and disperse seeds, and animal and wind pollination allowing for wide dispersal. 3)

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    The document discusses different types of plants including bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms. It provides information on their characteristics and reproductive structures. Key points include: 1) Bryophytes were the first plants to colonize land and have non-vascular tissues. Pteridophytes were the first to develop vascular tissues. Gymnosperms and angiosperms both have seeds, but gymnosperms are pollinated naked while angiosperms have flowers. 2) Angiosperms have several adaptations that make them very successful, including fruits that protect and disperse seeds, and animal and wind pollination allowing for wide dispersal. 3)

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    35 views8 pages

    Plantae Activities Memo

    Uploaded by

    Priyanka Kana
    The document discusses different types of plants including bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms. It provides information on their characteristics and reproductive structures. Key points include: 1) Bryophytes were the first plants to colonize land and have non-vascular tissues. Pteridophytes were the first to develop vascular tissues. Gymnosperms and angiosperms both have seeds, but gymnosperms are pollinated naked while angiosperms have flowers. 2) Angiosperms have several adaptations that make them very successful, including fruits that protect and disperse seeds, and animal and wind pollination allowing for wide dispersal. 3)

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    : BRYOPHYTES, PTERIDOPHYTES, GYMNOSPERMS & ANGIOSPERMS

    1.1 Algae (1)

    1.2 (a) - Moss


    - Fern (2)
    (Mark first TWO only)

    (b) Angiosperms (1)

    (c) Gymnosperms and


    (2)
    Angiosperms
    (Mark first TWO only)

    1.3 The xylem tissue has tracheids that enables water to move up the stem.
    The phloem has sieve tube cells for food translocation.
    Any 1 (2)
    (8)
    QUESTION 1

    QUESTION 2
    2.1 Phylogenetic tree  (1)
    2.2 Bryophytes  (1)
    2.3 - Development of vascular tissue 
    - Development of seeds  (2)
    2.4 Green/ Has chloroplast  (1)
    (5)

    QUESTION 3

    3.1 A – Roots 

    B - Rhizoids 

    C – Stigma  (3)

    3.2 The differences between a fern plant and a pine tree in relation to
    reproduction

    Fern plant/Plant I Pine plant/Plant IV

    Needs water for fertilization No need for water for fertilization

    Reproduce by means of spores Reproduce by means of pollen


    (4)
    3.3 a) II 

    b) III 

    c) III en IV  (3)
    (11)
    Asexual and sexual reproductionn

    1 1.1 C 
    1.2 D 
    1.3 C 
    1.4 B 
    1.5 A  (5 x 2) (14)

    2 2.1 Asexual 
    2.2 Vegetative 
    2.3 Zygote 
    2.4 Offspring  (4)

    3 3.1 Both 
    3.2 A only 
    3.3 B only  (3 x 2) (6)
    4

    Name Type of What happens? Example/Drawing


    Reproduction
    (Asexual or
    Sexual)

    Binary Fission Asexual  Parent cell divides


    resulting in two
    identical cells with
    the DNA copied
    itself. 

    Budding Asexual  A bud develops as


    an outgrowth due
    to repeated cell
    division at one
    specific point. The
    buds when mature
    detach from
    parent body

    Fragmentatio Asexual  An organism splits


    n into fragments
    and each
    fragment develops
    into a complete
    organism. 

    (9)
    5.

    Reproduction

    Sexual Asexual

     Two parents  One parent

     Offspring different from Offspring identical


    their parents  to their parent 
    (blend of parents’ traits)

    Offspring have similar structural characteristics to parents. 

    Species continue 

    (6)
    6.

    6.1 a) Provides for genetic variation 


    Organisms are able to adapt and withstand changes in
    environmental conditions. 
    b) Time consuming 
    Energy and time are needed to find a partner/ not possible
    for isolated individuals to reproduce.  (6)

    6.2 a) Time and energy efficient 


    Increase of populations is rapid. 
    b) Does not lead to genetic variation. 
    (6)
    Species may only be suited to one environment. 
    Flowers as reproductive structures

    QUESTION 1
    1.1.1 B  (2)
    1.1.2 C  (2)
    1.1.3 B  (2)
    1.1.4 C  (2)
    1.1.5 D  (2)
    (10)

    1.2.1 Anther  (1)


    1.2.2 Ovary (1)
    1.2.3 Stigma  (1)
    1.2.4 Pollination  (1)
    1.2.5 Fruit  (1)
    1.2.6 Receptacle  (1)
    (6)

    1.3.1 Wind pollinated flower  (1)


    1.3.2 A – Stigma 
    B – Anther  (2)
    1.3.3 Perianth  (1)
    1.3.4 a) A  (1)
    b) D  (1)
    c) B  (1)
    (7)

    QUESTION 2
    2.1.1 Number of visits to the flowers by pollinators  (1)
    2.1.2 The duration of the investigation was the same  OR
    24 hours for both plant species to get pollinated 
    (Mark the first one only) (1)

    2.1.3 Same environmental conditions  OR


    Same number of flowers for each plant species  OR
    Same number of hummingbirds and sunbird  (any (1)
    1)
    2.1.4 Sunbirds prefer S. greggi flowers while hummingbirds prefer S.
    nemorasa flowers  (2)
    (5)
    2.2.1 Pollination by pollinator
    a) colourful  (1)
    b) held inside the flower (1)
    c) inside the flower  (1)
    d) sticky pollen  (1)
    e) strongly scented  (1)
    f) energy spent making nectar and pollen (1)
    Wind pollinated
    g) protrude from the flower  (1)
    h) protrude from the flower  (1)
    i) large amount of dry pollen  (1)
    j) no scent  (1)
    k) large amount of energy wasted on producing pollen  (1)
    (11)
    2.2.2 To get nectar/feed on pollen grains as they move from flower to
    flower  ensuring fertilisation and variety  (2)

    2.2.3 The seed of angiosperms develop in the ovaries of flowers and are
    surrounded by a protective fruit  that prevent it from drying out and
    survive in unfavourable conditions 
    Angiosperms is competitive due to animal and wind pollination that
    can cover a large area therefore ensuring the survival of the
    species.  (4)

    2.2.4 Tabel = 
    Self-pollination Cross pollination
    1.Occurs in the same flower of 1.Occurs between two flowers
    the same species of the same species
    2.It occurs in the flowers which 2.It creates genetic diversity in
    are genetically identical flowers
    3.Causes inbreeding 3.Causes outbreeding
    4.Reduces the gene pool 4.Maintains the gene pool
    5.Produces limited amounts of 5.Produces large amounts of
    pollen grains pollen grains
    Any 2 (2x2) +1 (5)
    (22)

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