Eng:Abdo Adel

‫الدوال الزائدية‬ ‫الدوال الثلثية‬

‫مشتقاتها‬
d d
sinh x = cosh x sin x = cos x
dx dx
d d
cosh x = sinh x cos x = −sin x
dx dx
d 2 d 2
tanh x = sech x tan x = sec x
dx dx

d 2 d 2
coth x = − csch x cot x = −csc x
dx dx
d d
sech x = − sech x tanh x sec x = sec x tan x
dx dx
d d
csch x = − csch x coth x csc x = −csc x cot x
dx dx

‫تكاملتها‬

∫ cosh x dx = sinh x +C ∫ cos x dx = sin x + C

∫ sinh x dx = cosh x +C ∫ sin x dx = − cos x + C
∫ sech 2 x dx = tanh x +C ∫ sec2 x dx = tan x + C

∫ csch 2 x dx = − coth x + C ∫ csc2 x dx = − cot x + C

∫ sech x tanh x dx = − sech x +C ∫ sec x tan x dx = sec x + C
∫ csch x coth x dx = − csch x +C ∫ csc x cot x dx = − csc x + C

∫ tanh x dx = ln ( cosh x ) + C ∫ tan x dx = ln | sec x | + C

∫ coth x dx = ln | sinh x | + C ∫ cot x dx = ln | sin x | + C

∫ sech x dx = tan−1 (sinh x) + C ∫ sec x dx = ln | sec x + tan x | + C

= 2 tan−1 ( e x ) + C
x
∫ csch x dx |
= ln tanh
2 | +C ∫ csc x dx = ln | csc x − cot x | + C
 ‫مشتقات معكوساتها‬
d −1 1 d −1 1
sinh x = sin x =
dx √ 1 + x2 dx √ 1 − x2
d −1 1 d −1 −1
cosh x = cos x =
dx √ 2
x −1 dx √ 1 − x2
d −1 1 d −1 1
tanh x = tan x =
dx 1 − x2 dx 1 + x2
d −1 1 d −1 −1
coth x = cot x =
dx 1 − x2 dx 1 + x2
d −1 −1 d −1 1
sech x = sec x =
dx x √ 1 − x2 dx | x |√ x2 − 1
d −1 −1 d −1 −1
csch x = csc x =
dx | x | √ 1 + x2 dx | x |√ x2 − 1

‫تكاملت تؤدي إلى معكوساتها‬

dx x dx x
∫ = sinh
−1
a
+C , a> 0 ∫ = sin−1 +C
√ a + x2
2
√ a − x22 a
dx x x
= − cos−1 +C
∫ = cosh−1
a
+C , 0< a< x a
√ x − a2
2

dx 1 x dx 1 x
∫ a − x2
2
=
a
tanh−1
a
+C , if |x| < a ∫ a + x2
2
=
a
tan−1
a
+C

1 x 1 x
= coth−1 +C , if |x| > a = − cot−1 +C
a a a a
dx 1 |x| dx 1 |x|
∫ = −
a
sech −1
a
+C , 0 < |x| < a ∫ =
a
sec −1
a
+C
x √ a2 − x2 x √ x2 − a2
dx 1 |x| 1 |x|
∫ = − csch −1 +C , x≠0 = − csc−1 +C
x √ a2 + x2 a a a a

)= [−1,1] , Ran ( sin ) = [− π , π ]

−1 −1 −1 −1
Dom ( sinh ) = (−∞ , ∞) , Ran ( sinh ) = (−∞ ,∞ ) Dom ( sin
−1 2 2
Dom ( d sinh ) = (−∞ ,∞)
Dom ( d sin−1 ) = (−1,1)

Dom ( cosh−1 ) = [ 1, ∞ ) , Ran ( cosh −1 ) = [ 0, ∞ ) −1 −1

Dom ( cos ) = [ −1,1 ] , Ran ( cos ) = [ 0, π ]
Dom ( d cosh−1 ) = (1,∞ ) −1
Dom ( d cos ) = (−1,1)

−1 −1
Dom ( tanh ) = (−1,1) , Ran ( tanh )= (−∞ , ∞)
) = [− π , π ]
−1 −1
−1 Dom ( tan ) = (−∞ ,∞) , Ran ( tan
Dom ( d tanh ) = (−1,1) 2 2
Dom ( d tan−1 ) = (−∞ , ∞)
−1 −1
Dom ( coth ) = ℝ − [−1,1] , Ran ( coth ) = (−∞ ,∞ )
−1 −1
−1
Dom ( d coth ) = ℝ − [−1,1 ] Dom ( cot ) = (−∞ ,∞) , Ran ( cot ) = (0, π)
Dom ( d cot−1 ) = (−∞ ,∞ )
−1 −1
Dom ( sech ) = ( 0,1 ] , Ran ( sech ) = [ 0, ∞ )
Dom ( sec ) = ℝ − [−1,1] , Ran ( sec ) = [0, π]−{π / 2}
−1 −1 −1
Dom ( d sech ) = (0,1)
−1
Dom ( d sec ) = ℝ − (−1,1)
−1 −1
Dom ( csch ) = ℝ − {0} , Ran ( csch )= (−∞ , ∞)
−1
Dom ( d csch ) = ℝ − {0} Dom ( csc− 1 ) = ℝ − [−1,1 ] , Ran ( csc− 1 ) = [− π , π ]−{0}
2 2
Dom ( d csc−1 ) = ℝ − (−1,1)
 ‫علقات فيما بينها – علقات مشتكة‬

sinh(−x) = −sinh (x ) , cosh (−x ) = cosh ( x ) sin(−x) = −sin ( x ) , cos (−x) = cos (x )

sinh x cosh x 1 sin x cos x 1

tanh x = , coth x = = tan x = , cot x = =
cosh x sinh x tanh x cos x sin x tan x

1 1 1 1
sech x = , csch x = sec x = , csc x =
cosh x sinh x cos x sin x

cosh 2 x − sinh 2 x = 1 cos 2 x + sin 2 x = 1

1 − tanh 2 x = sech 2 x 1 +
2
tan x = sec x
2

2 2 2 2
coth x − 1 = csch x cot x + 1 = csc x

sinh( x + y ) = sinh x cosh y + cosh x sinh y sin( x + y ) = sin x cos y + cos x sin y

cosh ( x + y ) = cosh x cosh y + sinh x sinh y cos ( x + y ) = cos x cos y − sin x sin y

sinh 2 x = 2 sinh x cosh x sin 2 x = 2 sin x cos x

cosh 2 x = cosh 2 x + sinh2 x cos 2 x = cos 2 x − sin2 x

2 2
= 1 + 2 sinh x = 1 − 2 sin x

= 2 cosh 2 x − 1 = 2 cos 2 x − 1

1 1
sinh 2 x = ( cosh 2 x − 1 ) sin2 x = ( cos 2 x − 1 )
2 2

1 1
cosh 2 x = ( cosh 2 x + 1 ) cos 2 x = ( cos 2 x − 1 )
2 2
 Eng:Abdo Adel
‫علقات خاصة بالدوال الثلثية‬
‫علاقات بين الدوال المثلثية العكسية ومتمماتها‬ ‫علاقات بين الدوال المثلثية العكسية ومقلوباتها‬
d d 1
sin x + cos x = π
−1 −1 −1 −1 −1 −1
→ cos x = − sin x sin x = csc
2 dx dx x

d d 1
tan−1 x + cot−1 x = π → cot−1 x = − tan−1 x cos−1 x = sec−1
2 dx dx x

d d 1
sec−1 x + csc−1 x = π → csc−1 x = − sec −1 x tan−1 x = cot−1
2 dx dx x

‫علقات خاصة بالدوال الزائدية‬

x −x x −x
e −e e +e
∀ x ∈ ℝ : sinh x = , cosh x =
2 2

x −x x −x
sinh x e −e cosh x e +e
tanh x = = , coth x = =
cosh x e x + e− x sinh x e x − e−x

1 2 1 2
sech x = = , csch x = =
cosh x x
e +e
−x
sinh x x
e −e
−x

sinh−1 x = ln ( x + √ x2 + 1 ) , cosh −1 x = ln ( x + √ x2 − 1 )

1
tanh−1 x =
2
ln ( 11 −+ xx ) , coth−1 x =
1
2
ln ( xx −+ 11 )
1 1 1 1
sech−1 x = ln ( + √ 1 − x2 ) , csch −1 x = ln ( + √ 1 + x2 )
x x x |x|

‫تكامل الدوال السية واللوغارتمية‬

d 1 1 d 1
dx
ln x =
x
→ ∫ x dx = ln|x| + C ,
dx
log a x =
x ln a
x
d x x x x d x a
dx
e dx = e → ∫ e dx = e + C ,
dx
a dx = a x ln a → ∫ a x dx =
ln a
+C

∫ tan(x ) dx = ln|sec(x )| + C , ∫ sec(x ) dx = ln| sec( x ) + tan( x) | + C

∫ cot (x ) dx = ln| sin( x ) | + C , ∫ csc(x ) dx = ln| csc(x ) − cot(x )| + C
‫ملظحظات عامة للتكامل‬

.‫ضل استخدام القسمة المطولة‬

‫ ييف ض‬،‫عند تكامل كسر درجة بسطه أكبر من درجة مقامه أو تساويها‬ •
Ax+ B Ax +B
‫ فإننا نجعل‬،(‫ أي ليست على صورة مؤدية لدالة عكسية )مثلثية أو زائدية‬، ∫ ‫أو حالة‬ ∫ ‫في حالة‬ •
√ ax2 +bx +c ax2 +bx +c
.‫ والمتبقي نكامله بإكمال المربع‬،(‫البسط مشتقة المقام ) في الحالة الولى( أو مشتقة ما تحت الجذر )في الحالة الثانية‬