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    Ayoko Na

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    Andre Miguel Llanes
    The document explores the three main categories of rocks - igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form from molten material and include intrusive rocks like granite that cool underground and extrusive rocks like basalt that cool above ground. Sedimentary rocks form from compressed layers of materials like sand, minerals, and organic matter, recording Earth's history. Metamorphic rocks were previously existing rocks like limestone that underwent changes due to heat and pressure.

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    Ayoko Na

    Uploaded by

    Andre Miguel Llanes
    29 views4 pages
    The document explores the three main categories of rocks - igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form from molten material and include intrusive rocks like granite that cool underground and extrusive rocks like basalt that cool above ground. Sedimentary rocks form from compressed layers of materials like sand, minerals, and organic matter, recording Earth's history. Metamorphic rocks were previously existing rocks like limestone that underwent changes due to heat and pressure.

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    The document explores the three main categories of rocks - igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form from molten material and include intrusive rocks like granite that cool underground and extrusive rocks like basalt that cool above ground. Sedimentary rocks form from compressed layers of materials like sand, minerals, and organic matter, recording Earth's history. Metamorphic rocks were previously existing rocks like limestone that underwent changes due to heat and pressure.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    29 views4 pages

    Ayoko Na

    Uploaded by

    Andre Miguel Llanes
    The document explores the three main categories of rocks - igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form from molten material and include intrusive rocks like granite that cool underground and extrusive rocks like basalt that cool above ground. Sedimentary rocks form from compressed layers of materials like sand, minerals, and organic matter, recording Earth's history. Metamorphic rocks were previously existing rocks like limestone that underwent changes due to heat and pressure.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 4

    Exploring the Three Main

    Categories of Rocks
    The crust of the Earth is made up of solid substances called
    rocks. They stand in for the foundation upon which the landscapes
    and ecosystems of our planet are constructed. These unassuming
    materials, which are composed of different mineral combinations,
    are the very building blocks of our planet.

    IGNEOUS ROCK
    Igneous rocks are a type of rock that formed from molten material
    and extreme heat. They originate from the fiery interior of the Earth,
    where temperatures are so high that rocks can melt into liquid form.
    The formation of igneous rocks begins with this molten material,
    which may be underground or on the surface.

    Intrusive Igneous Rocks


    Under the Earth's surface, these rocks are formed. Larger crystals can
    grow inside the rock when magma cools gradually underground. This
    gradual cooling process is frequently connected to intrusive or
    plutonic igneous rocks. Gabbro, diorite, and granite are typical
    examples.

    Extrusive Igneous Rocks

    When lava rapidly cools, these rocks are created on the


    Earth's surface. Fine-grained or glassy textures result from the
    surface's rapid cooling, which inhibits the growth of large
    crystals. These are connected to extrusive or volcanic igneous
    rocks. Examples that come to mind right away are basalt, pumice,
    and obsidian.

    SEDIMENTARY ROCK
    The history of our planet is preserved in sedimentary rocks,
    which are like the pages of a history book. They serve as a
    geological archive, recording the occasions, settings, and
    activities that have molded the planet over millions of years.
    Sedimentary rocks are composed of layers that each contain
    information that can be analyzed to reveal the Earth's past.

    Clastic Sedimentary Rocks


    Broken rock fragments, like sand, silt, and clay, build up and
    cement together to form these rocks. Each piece can stand in for
    a chapter in Earth's history, narrating the events of erosive,
    weathering, and transport. Shale and sandstone are typical
    examples.
    Chemical Sedimentary Rocks
    Minerals dissolved in water precipitate to form these rocks.
    These minerals can be produced by processes like evaporation or
    chemical interactions in bodies of water. Examples include rock
    salt, which is produced by the evaporation of saltwater, and
    limestone, which develops from the calcium carbonate in oceans.

    Organic Sedimentary Rocks


    These rocks are created from organic materials like plant
    debris, animal and plant shells, and animal skeletons. These
    materials preserve evidence of earlier Earth life as they gather
    and compact over time. Examples include coal, which is made of
    plant matter, and some kinds of limestone that are rich in fossils.
    A unique class of rocks known as metamorphic rocks was created
    from previously existing rocks that had undergone substantial
    changes. The original rocks undergo a significant Transformation

    METAMORPHIC ROCK
    as a result of these changes, which are brought about by extreme
    heat and pressure. Metamorphic rocks do not acome from molten
    rock or the buildup of sediments like igneous or sedimentary
    rocks do. Instead, they come about as a result of the internal
    processes of the Earth changing pre-existing rocks.

    Foliated Metamorphic Rocks


    The appearance of foliated rocks is banded or layered. Due
    to pressure, the rock's minerals aligned themselves in a parallel
    fashion, giving the texture we see today. Rocks with foliation are
    frequently linked to regional metamorphism and mountain-
    building occurrences. Slate and schist are two examples.

    Non Foliated Metamorphic Rocks

    Rocks without foliation lack definite layering and banding.


    Instead, these rocks' minerals re-crystallize with no particular
    orientation. Under conditions of high pressure and temperature,
    non-foliated rocks frequently form. Examples include quartzite,
    which develops from sandstone, and marble, which is made from
    limestone.

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