Chapter 3 - LWRN01G

C.
Rizal’s Early
Life
“Jose Protacio
Rizal Mercado y
Alonso
Realonda”
• BIRTHDATE: June 19, 1861
• BAPTISMAL DATE: June 22, 1861
• CHURCH: Calamba church
• PRIEST: Fr. Rufino Collantes
• GOD FATHER: Pedro Casañas
“I, the undersigned parish priest of Calamba,
certify that from the investigation made with
proper authority, for replacing the parish books
which were burned September 28, 1862, to be
found in Docket No. 1 of Baptisms, p. 49, it
appears by the sworn testimony of competent
witnesses that JOSE RIZAL MERCADO is the
legitimate son, and of lawful wedlock, of Don
Francisco Rizal Mercado and Doña Teodora
Realonda, having been baptized in this parish on
the 22nd day of June in 1861, by the parish priest
Rev. Rufino Collantes, Rev. Pedro Casañas being
his godfather.”
Signed: Leoncio Lopez

Francisco Mercado
• Born on May 11, 1818
in Biñan, Laguna
• Studied Latin and
Philosophy at Colegio de San Jose
• Married on 1848 and settle in
Calamba, Laguna (Dominican-owned
hacienda)
• Became a “Tiniente Gobernadorcillo”
of Calamba
• Personally chose Don Leon Monroy to
be Rizal’s tutor in Spanish and Latin
• Brought Rizal a set of “Universal
History” by Cesar Cantu during his
studies in Ateneo Municipal
• Rizal made a life-size
wood sculpture of him in
1881
• Died in January 5,1898 in
Manila
Teodora Alonso
• Born on November 8,
1826 in Sta. Cruz,
Manila/ November 9,
1827 in Calamba, Laguna
• Studied in Colegio de Santa Rosa
• A diligent and business-minded woman
• Taught Rizal Spanish, poem
composition, Catholic prayers (at the
age of 3)
• Allowed Rizal to read “Vulgate Bible”
to be able to read and write at the
age of 5
• Read stories of “Amigo de los Niño”
including the story of the moth
• She was against on Rizal’s education
in Manila and abroad (1872)
• Imprisoned two times
but regularly visited
by Rizal with high
grades in Ateneo
• Cured her eye problem by Rizal two
times (1887 and 1895)
• When Rizal was
sentenced to death,
she plead to the
Governor general but
to no avail
• Refused the lifetime
pension offered by
Americans (1906)
• Died in Manila on August 16,1911
The Rizal Children
1. Saturnina (1850-1913)
- Known as “Neneng”
- Educated Rizal at the age of 3
- Studied in La Concordia College and
one time, visited by her
father and Rizal using “casco”
- Married Manuel Hidalgo
of Tanauan, Batangas
- Offered a ring to Rizal
to have sufficient money
on his study aboard (1882)
and financed Rizal’s expenses through
100 peso allowance (1885)
- Published Tagalog translation of
Pascual Poblete’s “Noli” in 1909
2. Paciano (1851-1930)
- Known as “Uto”
- Student from Colegio de
San Jose and became
friends with Jose Burgos
- Responsible for Jose’s
use of surname “Rizal”
- Accompanied Rizal on his
enrollment in Laguna and Manila
- Exiled in Mindoro (1890-1891)
because of Calamba Agrarian Trouble
- Financed Rizal’s studies from 365
pesos to 50 pesos, down to 35 pesos
- Became a general of Philippine
Revolution in 1896 and Finance
secretary of Departament Government
of Central Luzon (1897)
- Has a misstress Severina
Decena with their two children
- Continued to struggle during
Philippine-American War that caused
him to be captured in 1900.
- Declined Gov. William Taft’s offer to
have a government position in Laguna
- Refused the life pension of 200 pesos
a month from Philippine Assembly
(1907)
- Died in April 13, 1930
in Los Baños because of
Tuberculosis
3. Narcisa (1852-1939)
- Pawned her jewels to finance Rizal’s
studies abroad
- Married Antonio Lopez, teacher and
musician from Morong, and the
nephew of Fray Leoncio Lopez
- Accompanied Rizal and
Josephine Bracken to Manila
after the Dapitan exile
- Had 8 children, one of them was
Angelica Lopez, a Katipunera
-”Hospitable Sister of Rizal”
-Searched the place where Rizal was
buried after execution
4. Olympia (1855-1887)
- Known as “Ypia”
- Schoolmate of Segunda Katigbak in La
Concordia College
- Sister whom Rizal loved to
tease
- Married Silvestre Ubaldo
a Manila Telegraph operator
• Ypia and Silvestre mentioned the
Cholera outbreak in Bulacan (1882) to
Rizal
• Because of Rizal’s request to Padre
Faura (1885), the couple was
transferred to Manila in 1887
• Died because of hemorrhage in
September 1887
• Silvestre was deported
also to Mindoro with
Paciano but escaped (1891)
5. Lucia (1857-1919)
- Married Mariano Herbosa
who died of Cholera (1889) and
denied for Christian burial
with 8 children
- Joined their family reunion
in Hong Kong (1891)
- Accompanied Rizal on his second
home-coming but her luggage was
caught by Spaniards with anti-friar
leaflets (July, 1892)
- Mother of Teodosio and Estanislao
(who became students of Rizal in
Dapitan)
and Delfina Herbosa
who married Salvador
Natividad,
a revolutionary leader
6. Maria (1859-1945)
- Known as “Biang”
- It was she whom Rizal talked about
his plan to marry Josephine and his
plan to establish a colony
in Sabah
- Married Daniel Faustino
Cruz of Bińan
-Mother of Mauricio, Rizal’s favorite
nephew and became his student
- “Most beautiful sister of Rizal”
- Mauricio married Conception Arguelles
and had children; Fr.Joel A. Cruz
and Ismael A. Cruz, the
father of Gemma Cruz-
Araneta
8. Concepcion (1862-1865)
- Known as “Concha”
- Sibling whom Rizal played games and
shared children stories
- Died only when three years of age
9. Josefa (1865-1945)
- Known as “Panggoy”
- Praised by Rizal for being interested
in learning English grammar
- Became one of the
29 female Katipunan
members
- Died an old maid
10. Trinidad (1868-1951)
- Known as “Trining”
- Scolded by Rizal for being lazy on her
studies
- Visited Rizal with their
mother in Dapitan (1895)
- Visited Rizal a day
before the execution
and gave her an alcohol
cooking stove
- Became a Katipunan member after
Rizal was executed
- Died an old maid and the last of the
family to die
11. Soledad (1870-1929)
- Known as “Choleng”
- Married Pantaleon Quintero of
Calamba
- Scolded by Rizal of
getting married without
parental consent
- Most educated sister of
Rizal (being a teacher)
- “Most Controversial sister of Rizal”
- Had five children with Pantaleon and
one of them was Amelia who married
Bernabe, son of Gen. Miguel Malvar
Rizal’s Ancestry
Father Side
Domingo Lamco/Lameo + Ines Dela Rosa
Francisco Mercado Sr. + Cirila Bernacha
Juan Mercado + Cirila Alejandro
Francisco Mercado Jr.

Mother Side
Eugenio Ursua + Benigna
Regina Ursua + Manuel de Quintos
Brigida de Quintos + Lorenzo Alberto Alonso
Teodora Alonso
The Rizal Home
“The house was high and even sumptuous, a solid and massive
earthquakes-proof structure with sliding shell windows. Thick
walls of lime and stone bounded the first floor; the second
floor was made entirely of wood except for the roof, which
was of red tile, in the style of the buildings in Manila at that
time… At the back there was an azotea and a wide, deep
cistern to hold rain water for home use.”- Rafael Palma
“It was surrounded by poultry yard full of turkeys and

chickens with big garden of tropical fruit trees like atis,
balimbing, chico, macopa, papaya, santol, tampoy, etc. It was a
“happy house” where parental affection and children’s
laugher reigned. Definitely, it was a wholesome home,
naturally bred a wholesome family.”
-Gregorio Zaide
• The real surname of Rizal family was
Mercado which was adopted by
Domingo Lamco in 1731.
• The family acquired the second
surname, “Rizal” which was given by
the Spanish Alcalde Mayor of Laguna
that time.
• “Rizal” from the word
“Ricial” means “green
pasteur”
“Rizal family had simple,contented and happy
life.”
“Don Francisco and Doña Teodora loved their

children but they never spoiled.”
“Spare the rod and spoil the child.”
“Rizals heard mass in the town church

everyday and during Christian holidays.”
“Rizal children played merrily in the azotea

and garden by themselves.”
-Gregorio Zaide
Childhood years in Calamba
• Had memories in Mt. Makiling,

Laguna de Bay and Antipolo
• At age of 3 he knew the alphabet
and read the bible at the age of 5
• Became close to his “Aya” who told
him different
stories
When his mother had given birth to his
sister Trinidad, on June 6, 1868, Rizal
accompanied his father to fulfill his
mother’s vow to Virgin of Antipolo by
traveling from Laguna de Bay to
Antipolo by means of casco. Then, on
the same day, after hearing mass in
Antipolo Cathedral, he and his father
visited his ate “Neneng” in Manila with
his father by passing through Pasig
River.
• Experienced the first taste of
sorrow at the age of 4
• Enjoyed watching their garden
with different fruits and birds
• Became interested
in literature at the
age of 8
• Wrote a Tagalog play that
presented in Calamba Fiesta
Some of Rizal’s sketches

during his childhood.
• In terms of artistic talents, Rizal on
his childhood showed several
scenarios:
-painted in oil colors the new
banner for fiesta because the
original was spoiled
-created a clay and
wax figure of him
then laughed by
his sisters
• Rizal had been interested to magic as
he learned various tricks:
-Making coin appear and disappear in
his fingers
-Making a handkerchief vanish in thin
air
• Rizal gained skills in marionettes and

hand shadow puppets
On this moment also, Rizal heard the
story of the moth from the book El
Amigo de los Niños that was told by his
mother. Likewise, the tragic fate of
the young moth which “died a martyr to
its illusions left a deep impress on
Rizal’s mind.
Influences on the Hero’s
Boyhood
Rizal also became interested in different fields. In
speaking of hereditary influence, Rizal inherited his love
for freedom, desire to travel and indomitable courage
from his Malay ancestors. His serious nature, frugality,
patience and love for children were from his Chinese
ancestry. Lastly, his Spanish ancestry might influenced his
being elegance of bearing, sensitivity to insult and
gallantry to ladies. Moreover, when it comes to
environmental influence, he was influenced by his uncles
Jose Alberto in sketching, sculpture and painting; Gregorio
in the aspect of reading; and Manuel in the field of martial
arts. Other than, his brother Paciano instilled his mind the
love for freedom and justice and the concept of
scholarship and intellectual honesty was taught by Father
Leoncio Lopez. After all, the aid of Divine Providence
gave Rizal a chance to be the pride and glory of his nation.
“Redencion presupone
virtud, virtud sacrificio,
sacrificio amor!”
(Redemption presupposes virtue; virtue sacrifice,
sacrifice, love!)
-Padre Florentino (El Filibusterismo, 1891)

Thank you!
YOSEF ERIC C. HIPOLITO, LPT, MA
Bachelor of Arts in History
Yosefhipolito19@gmail.com

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C.

Signed: Leoncio Lopez

Francisco Mercado Sr. + Cirila Bernacha

Juan Mercado + Cirila Alejandro

Francisco Mercado Jr.

Regina Ursua + Manuel de Quintos

Brigida de Quintos + Lorenzo Alberto Alonso

“It was surrounded by poultry yard full of turkeys and

“Don Francisco and Doña Teodora loved their

“Spare the rod and spoil the child.”

“Rizals heard mass in the town church

“Rizal children played merrily in the azotea

• Had memories in Mt. Makiling,

Some of Rizal’s sketches

• Rizal gained skills in marionettes and

-Padre Florentino (El Filibusterismo, 1891)

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