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    MAT2018 Problem Sheet 5

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    khavthompson
    This document contains problems related to partial differentiation and optimization using techniques like Lagrange multipliers. It includes finding partial derivatives, using them to find maximums and minimums, and solving constrained optimization problems. There are 15 multi-part problems covering a wide range of partial differentiation and optimization concepts.

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    MAT2018 Problem Sheet 5

    Uploaded by

    khavthompson
    9 views2 pages
    This document contains problems related to partial differentiation and optimization using techniques like Lagrange multipliers. It includes finding partial derivatives, using them to find maximums and minimums, and solving constrained optimization problems. There are 15 multi-part problems covering a wide range of partial differentiation and optimization concepts.

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    This document contains problems related to partial differentiation and optimization using techniques like Lagrange multipliers. It includes finding partial derivatives, using them to find maximums and minimums, and solving constrained optimization problems. There are 15 multi-part problems covering a wide range of partial differentiation and optimization concepts.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    9 views2 pages

    MAT2018 Problem Sheet 5

    Uploaded by

    khavthompson
    This document contains problems related to partial differentiation and optimization using techniques like Lagrange multipliers. It includes finding partial derivatives, using them to find maximums and minimums, and solving constrained optimization problems. There are 15 multi-part problems covering a wide range of partial differentiation and optimization concepts.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    SCHOOL OF MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS

    MAT2018(B Engineering Mathematics 1)

    Unit 2: Partial Differentiation

    𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧
    1. Find 𝜕𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 from the following:
    𝜕𝑦

    (i) 𝑧 = 3𝑥 3 − 5𝑦 4 + 12𝑥 2 𝑦 (ii) 𝑧 = (𝑥 2 − 3𝑦)3

    (iii) 𝑧 = 4 ln(4𝑥 − 𝑦 2 ) (iv) 𝑧 = 𝑥𝑦

    (v) 𝑧 = 𝑦𝑥 (vi) 𝑧 = 𝑒 −𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛( 𝑥 + 𝑦)

    𝜕𝑓 𝜕𝑓
    2. Find the value of and at the point (4,-5) if 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 − 1.
    𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦

    3. Verify that 𝑤𝑥𝑦 = 𝑤𝑦𝑥 where 𝑤 = 𝑦 + 𝑥 2 𝑦 + 4𝑦 3 − 𝑙𝑛( 𝑦 2 + 1).


    𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
    4. If 𝑢 = 𝑙𝑛( 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑒 𝑦 ), show that + 𝜕𝑦 = 1.
    𝜕𝑥

    𝜕2 𝑍 𝜕2 𝑍 𝜕𝑧
    5. If 𝑧 = 𝑒 −𝑡 (sin 𝑥 + cos 𝑦), show that + 𝜕𝑦 2 = .
    𝜕𝑥 2 𝜕𝑡

    𝑑𝑦
    6. Use partial derivatives to find 𝑑𝑥 if y = f(x) is determined implicitly
    by the given equation.

    (i) 2𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 𝑦 + 𝑦 3 = 1 (ii) 𝑦 4 + 3𝑦 − 4𝑥 3 − 5𝑥 − 1 = 0
    (iii) 6𝑥 + √𝑥𝑦 = 3𝑦 − 4 (iv) 𝑥 3 − 4𝑥𝑦 3 − 3𝑦 + 𝑥 − 2 = 0
    7. A cylinder has dimensions 𝑟 = 5cm and ℎ = 10cm. Using partial differentiation, find
    the approximate increase in volume when 𝑟 increases by 0.2 cm and ℎ decreases by
    0.1 cm.
    𝑘𝑤𝑙3
    8. The deflection at the center of a rod is known to be given by 𝑦 = where 𝑘 is
    𝑑4

    a constant. If errors of ±2.5%, ±1.5% and ± 3% are possible in measuring


    𝑤, 𝑙 and 𝑑 respectively, find the maximum percentage error in the calculated value
    of 𝑦.
    𝑘𝑝3
    9. If 𝑍 = , where 𝑍 = 𝑓(𝑝, 𝑠, 𝑡) and k is a constant. Given that both 𝑝 and 𝑡
    𝑠4 𝑡 2

    increase by 2% and 4% respectively, and s decreases by 3%, determine the


    approximate percentage change in Z. Use partial differentiation

    10. Locate the stationary points on the following surfaces. Determine the nature of each
    point and calculate the critical function values.

    (i) 𝑧 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑥 3 (ii) 𝑧 = 𝑥𝑦 − 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 − 2𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 4
    (iii) 𝑧 = 𝑥 4 + 𝑦 4 − 4𝑥𝑦 (iv) 𝑧 = 𝑥 3 − 2𝑦 2 − 2𝑦 4 + 3𝑥 2 𝑦
    1 4
    (v) 𝑧 = 𝑥 3 − 6𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 3 (vi) 𝑧 = 3 𝑥 3 + 3 𝑦 3 − 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 4𝑦 − 3

    11. A container with an open top is to have 10 𝑚3 capacity and can be made of thin
    sheet metal. Calculate the dimensions of the box if it is to use the minimum possible
    amount of metal.
    12. A company manufactures two types of sneakers, running shoes and basketball shoes.
    The total revenue from 𝑥 units of running shoes and 𝑦 units of basketball shoes is
    𝑅(𝑥, 𝑦) = −5𝑥 2 − 8𝑦 2 − 2𝑥𝑦 + 42𝑥 + 102𝑦

    where 𝑥 and 𝑦 are in thousands of units. Find 𝑥 and 𝑦 so as to maximize the revenue.

    13. Using the method of Lagrange Multipliers, find the critical points of the functions,
    subject to the given constraints.
    (i) 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥 2 + 4𝑦 2 + 6; 2𝑥 − 8𝑦 = 20

    (ii) 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = −2𝑥 2 + 5𝑦 2 + 7; 3𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 7

    (iii) 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 3𝑥 − 𝑦 + 𝑦; 𝑥2 + 𝑦2 = 4

    14. The NWA is planning to build a picnic area for motorists along a major highway.
    It is to be rectangular with an area of 5,000 square yards and is to be fenced off on
    the three sides not adjacent to the highway. What is the least amount of fencing that
    will be needed to complete the job
    15. Find two numbers whose sum is 20 and whose product is a maximum.
    (use Lagrange multipliers)

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