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    Lec 8 (Tot.)

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    The document discusses stoichiometry problems involving limiting reactants and percent yields. It provides examples of calculating limiting reactants, theoretical and percent yields. It also includes practice problems for students to work through related to these concepts.

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    Lec 8 (Tot.)

    Uploaded by

    moham.walied
    8 views11 pages
    The document discusses stoichiometry problems involving limiting reactants and percent yields. It provides examples of calculating limiting reactants, theoretical and percent yields. It also includes practice problems for students to work through related to these concepts.

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    GIU Chemistry Lecture

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    The document discusses stoichiometry problems involving limiting reactants and percent yields. It provides examples of calculating limiting reactants, theoretical and percent yields. It also includes practice problems for students to work through related to these concepts.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    8 views11 pages

    Lec 8 (Tot.)

    Uploaded by

    moham.walied
    The document discusses stoichiometry problems involving limiting reactants and percent yields. It provides examples of calculating limiting reactants, theoretical and percent yields. It also includes practice problems for students to work through related to these concepts.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    Tutorial 8_CHEM102

    Stoichiometry II
    Limiting Reactant
    Nitrogen gas can be prepared by passing gaseous ammonia over solid copper(II) oxide at high
    temperature. The other products of the reaction are solid copper and water vapor. If a sample
    containing 18.1 g of NH3 is reacted with 90.4 g of CuO. What is the limiting reactant? How many
    grams of N2 will be formed? Calculate % yield if 8 g of N2 is produced?
    NH3 (g) + CuO (s) N2 (g) + Cu (s) + H2O (l)
    *Before calculating any moles; check if the equations are balanced.
    2NH3 (g) + 3CuO (s) N2 (g) + 3Cu (s) + 3H2O (l)
    Deducing the limiting reactant using mole relations:
    Moles of NH3 reacted= 18.1/ (14+ (1.008*3)) = 1.063 moles
    How much N2 gas would be formed from 1.063 moles of NH3?
    NH3 : N2
    2 : 1
    1.063 : ? ?= 1.063/2= 0.532 moles Mass of N2 produced= 0.532* (14*2)= 14.89 g
    Limiting Reactant cont.
    Moles of CuO= 90.4/ (63.5+ 16)= 1.137 moles
    How much N2 would be produced from 1.137 moles? Another
    solution?!
    CuO : N2
    3 : 1
    1.137 : ? ?= 1.137/ 3= 0.379 moles Mass= 0.379* (14*2)= 10.612 g
    Therefore, CuO is the limiting reactant
    Mass of N2 produced= 10.612 g
    % yield= actual/ theoretical mass *100
    = 8/ 10.612 *100
    = 75.386%
    Test Yourself
    Al reacts with S gas to form Al2S3
    If 1.18 mole of Al and 2.25 moles of S are combined, answer the following questions.

    a) Write a balanced equation.


    b) What is the limiting reactant?
    c) What is the theoretical yield of Al2S3?
    d) How many moles of excess reactants remain unreacted?
    Test Yourself- Answers
    a) 4Al + 3S2 2Al2S3
    b) Al : Al2S3
    4 : 2
    1.18 : ? ?= 0.59 moles
    S2 : Al2S3
    3 : 2
    2.25 : ? ?= 1.5 moles
    Al is the limiting reactant
    c) Theoretical mass= 0.59* ((26.98*2)+(32.07*3)= 88.60 g
    d) Al : S2
    4 : 3
    1.18 : ? ?= 0.885 moles required Excess moles= 2.25- 0.885= 1.365 moles
    Solution Stoichiometry
    How many grams of sodium dihydrogen phosphate buffer (NaH2PO4) are required to prepare 0.01 M in 500
    ml water?
    Mr. of NaH2PO4= 119.98 g/mol
    Moles of sodium dihydrogen phosphate= 0.01* (500/1000)= 0.005 moles
    Mass= 0.005* 119.98= 0.5999 g
    Dissolve 0.5999 g of the solid in 500 ml distilled water.

    You are provided with 10 M hydrochloric acid and asked to prepare 100 ml of 0.1 M of the acid. How many
    milliliters of the 10 M would you need?

    (M V)i = (M V)f
    0.1 * 100 = 10 * ?
    ?= 0.1*100/ 10 = 1 ml

    Take 1 ml from 10 M HCl and complete until 100 ml using distilled water in a 100 ml volumetric flask.
    Extra Practice Questions
    Q2. 4NH3 (g) + 5O2 (g) 4NO (g) + 6H2O (g)
    If the reaction of 150 g of ammonia with 150. g of oxygen gas yields 87. g of nitric oxide, what is the
    percent yield of this reaction?
    A) 33%
    B) 49%
    C) 73.42%
    D) 100%
    Extra Practice Questions
    Q3. The reaction of 44.1 g of Cr2O3 with 35.0 g of Al produced 25.6 g of Cr.
    What is the percent yield of Cr in this reaction?
    2Al + Cr2O3 Al2O3 + 2Cr
    A) 84.9%
    B) 50 %
    C) 25.1%
    D) None of the above.
    Extra Practice Questions
    Q4. Sulfur dioxide gas reacts with oxygen gas and water according to the chemical reaction
    below. When 4.5 g of SO2 are mixed with excess O2 and H2O, how many grams of H2SO4 are
    produced?
    2SO2(g) + O2(g) + 2H2O(l) 2H2SO4(l)
    A) 4.5 g
    B) 440 g
    C) 9.0 g
    D) 6.9 g
    Extra Practice Questions
    Your chemistry lab has a 5 M H2SO4, and you need to work with 0.05 M in 250 ml of the acid, how
    many milliliters would to need to take from the stock acid solution?

    A) 1 ml
    B) 10 ml
    C) 25 ml
    D) 0.0025 L
    E) None of the above
    Extra Practice Questions
    Q7. You are provided with solid sodium carbonate and are asked to prepare 0.1 M stock solution.
    What mass of the solid is required to prepare this solution?

    A) 9.0 g
    B) 8.3 g
    C) 10.5 g
    D) None of the above

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