PPG Week 2

PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE July 28, 2024
CONSTRUCTIVISM APPROACH
An ideology is a coherent set of ideas that direct or organize a specific political action. It consists of belief
and value systems, a discussion of existing power relationships, an exploration of how political change is
achieved in line with these power relations and an illustration of a desired future (Heywood 2013). It is
basically defined as political statements that aim to call upon massive mass or government action to
achieve a relatively a better political and economic condition.
ORIGIN OF THE TERM
➢The term was created during the French Revolution by Antoine Destutt de Tracy. (1754- 1836), and
first used in public in 1796
➢For de Tracy, ideologies referred to “a new, science of ideas‟, or an idea-ology, like in biology, or
psychology.
POLITICAL IDEOLOGY
A political ideology is a set of ideas and principles that explain how the society should work and offer the
blueprint for a certain social order.
It is defined as a set of opinions underpinned by doctrines, values, and perceived moral truths that guide
behavior towards a specific social order.
It largely concerns itself with how to allocate power and to what ends it should be used.
MAJOR POLITICAL IDEOLOGIES
1. ANARCHISM
Political authority in all its form, and especially in the form of the state, is both evil and
unnecessary (anarchy literally means ‘without rule’). Anarchy is a political ideology which treats any fixed
system of government as repressing. In this political ideology, the government is unnecessary and is the
cause of harm because it controls people. Ownership of production should be common to everyone, with
both economic and political freedom as its goals.
2. CONSERVATISM
Tradition must be conserve. These traditions include established customs, institutions, and ways
of doing things that have endured through time. It seeks to avoid the former ' s unstable tendencies. It
holds that certain traditions must be kept to maintain social stability. Conservatives also believe that social
position and status are only natural. With this, hierarchy is thought to be inevitable. Conservatism seeks
to avoid the former's unstable tendencies. It holds that certain traditions must be kept to maintain social
stability. Human reason is insufficient in trying to solve the problems of governance. In this sense, we must
concede to the traditional methods of governance, which is a collection of wisdom for many years past.
3. FACISM
Benito Mussolini an Italian WW1 veteran founded the fascist party. Human ' s are not rational
beings, thus, they can only be led and manipulated. Nations and races must compete to survive. Fascism
is a mass political movement that emphasizes extreme nationalism, militarism, and the supremacy of both
the nation and the single, powerful leader over the individual citizen.
4. FEMINISM
It is an ideology that fundamentally seeks to establish the social, economic, and political equality
of the sexes. The structure of male power must be overturned, hence the belief in gender equality.
5. LIBERALISM
It was born as a response to the ruling power of monarchies and the privileges that the upper
classes had. It rejects what is viewed as traditional social ideas and emphasizes the importance of personal
freedom, and the power of individual and collective rationality. The ideology that focuses on equality and
liberty. Liberalism advocates that every individual should enjoy freedom. Government and States are
created to ensure that people can enjoy their rights. In such ideology, everybody is provided with basic
rights- no person is born with more rights than others. Thus, liberalism replaces previous ideas of
hereditary privilege, state religion, and other social structures which create different social classes.
6 SOCIALISMS
It is a political ideology that has historically opposed capitalism. The roots of socialism are in the
Industrial Revolution, and it is heavily influenced by the theories and writings of Karl Marx. The core of
socialism is the vision of human beings as social creatures linked by the existence of a common humanity.
Socialism emphasizes social consciousness. Socialism emphasizes that society should collectively own
means of production; private ownership is discouraged. In such cases, only the public owns a property,
there is no free market as prices will be set by the authority. Economic equality is strictly observed thus,
there will be no rich nor poor. The state provides everyone their necessities.
7. COMMUNISM
A political theory derived from Karl Marx, advocating class war and leading to a society in which
all property is publicly owned, and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs.
Communism is an economic ideology that advocates for a classless society in which all property and wealth
are communally owned, instead of being owned by individuals.
Activity 2: IDEAlogy!
➢ DIVIDE INTO GROUPS
➢ EACH GROUP SHOULD TAKE SOMETIME TO SHARE TOUGHTS AND DISCUSS THE MAJOR POLITICAL
IDEOLOGIES AND CHOOSE ONE.
➢ GROUP SHOULD NOTE DOWN THEIR CHOSEN IDEOLOGY.
➢ ANSWER THE QUESTION “”IN YOUR OWN OPINION, WHICH AMONG THE MAJOR POLITICAL
IDEOLOGIES WOULD BEST FIT THE PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT? WHY?”
➢ EACH GROUP WILL PRESENT THEIR CHOSEN POLITICAL IDEOLOGIES.
Activity 3: KataQuote!
Directions: Analyze the statement carefully and briefly explain your understanding of the
quotation below.

PPG Week 2

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

PPG Week 2

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

PPG Week 2

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE July 28, 2024

ORIGIN OF THE TERM

MAJOR POLITICAL IDEOLOGIES

You might also like