Ge Ar2023 Annualreport
Ge Ar2023 Annualreport
Ge Ar2023 Annualreport
ANNUAL
REPORT
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Some of the information we provide in this document is forward-
looking and therefore could change over time to reflect changes
in the environment in which GE competes. For details on the
uncertainties that may cause our actual results to be materially
different than those expressed in our forward-looking statements,
see https://www.ge.com/investor-relations/important-forward-
looking-statement-information. We do not undertake to update our
forward-looking statements.
FRONT COVER
1) Original Monogram
The original GE “script” monogram dates to the company’s founding in Schenectady,
New York, in 1892. When Edison General Electric Company and the Thomson-
Houston Electric Companies merged, the companies’ logo took its “G” from the
“General” in the first company’s name and its “E” from “Electric” in the latter
companies’ name.
2) GE Flying Testbed
GE acquired a 747-400 testbed in 2010. This testbed is in service today and is
currently testing the largest jet engine ever built, the GE9X.
3) Basquiat x Warhol
“Sweet Pungent, 1984” is a painting by American artists Jean-Michel Basquiat and
Andy Warhol, who collaborated in the 1980s to create a series featuring the GE
Monogram.
5) GE Fan
The GE Monogram on a vintage GE oscillating fan.
6) GE Lightbulb
The GE Monogram as seen on GE lightbulb. GE was co-founded by Thomas Edison,
the inventor of the modern light bulb.
7) Monogram Blueprint
The more defined GE Monogram, seen on this blueprint, made its first appearance
attached to a GE ceiling fan. Compared to the original “script” Monogram, this one had
more clearly rendered lettering and the framing circle with four “curlicues.”
9) GE Aerospace Logo
The GE Monogram appears at the GE Aerospace chalet during the 2023 Paris Air
Show on the grounds of Le Bourget Airport in France.
G E 2023 A N N U A L R E P O RT | 1
The F-86 Sabre, powered
by GE J47 jet engines, GE Aerospace’s Jade
became the key American Bodman balancing a
fighter jet in the Korean War. CFM56 rotor at the Wales
In total, more than 35,000 site, as part of the sub-
J47s were built, making it the assembly build process.
most produced jet engine in
aviation history.
* Non-GAAP Financial Measure 2 International Air Transport Association’s Outlook, published December 2023
1 Following the planned spin-off, in which GE will distribute the common stock of 3 Including GE and our joint venture partners
GE Vernova on a pro rata basis to holders of GE common stock, General Electric
Company will be known as GE Aerospace. In current financial reporting and
guidance, GE Aerospace refers to our existing reporting segment.
2 | G E 2023 A N N U A L R E P O RT
GE Vernova’s 9HA Gas
Turbines were introduced Southern Power
to the power generation Generation’s 1,440 MW Abdulkadir Shariff
industry ten years ago combined cycle Track 4A assembles innovative
and lead the industry power plant in Pasir Gudang, Protection and
with cleaner, reliable, and Johor, Malaysia, features Control Relay
cost-effective conversion GE’s first commercially platforms in Ontario.
of fuel to electricity. operational 9HA.02 gas
turbines.
meet that demand maintaining the highest standards of safety and And around the globe, customers are investing heavily to electrify
quality and with greater predictability and speed. and decarbonize their infrastructure and increase energy security,
which policy catalysts in the U.S. and Europe are accelerating.
Enter lean. The GE T408 engine, for example, powers the fast- This is creating significant demand for what we offer. We secured
growing CH-53K King Stallion, and volume on the engine is our largest-ever wind order to support what is expected to be the
growing 300 percent year-over-year. With such an intense ramp, largest wind project in U.S. history, supplying 2.4 gigawatts to
any delay or bottleneck matters a lot. That’s why last November, Pattern Energy’s SunZia project in New Mexico. In Europe, GE-led
business leader Alex Stone, lean leader Camille Latour, and consortia were awarded five 2-gigawatt framework agreements with
advanced engine mechanics Frank Stewart and Vinnie Falls TenneT to execute HVDC projects in the Netherlands and Germany.
led a cross-functional team through a kaizen event at our Lynn,
Massachusetts, plant. The proof points we needed to see at Renewable Energy to
confidently spin off GE Vernova came to fruition in 2023. Grid and
Coming into the event, our build time on the T408 was around Onshore Wind, our two biggest businesses there, turned the corner
75 hours with two mechanics working simultaneously on two to profitability, with Grid profitable for the year and Onshore Wind
separate engines to meet demand. Our goal: Take that 75 hours in the back half. We expect both will grow profitably from here, with
down to under 32, with one mechanic working at a time. margins in backlog demonstrating their pricing discipline: Grid’s
By the end of the week, engineers and operators working together expanded by five points and Onshore Wind’s by more than 10
on the floor identified opportunities both big and small; saving in equipment.
hours of prep time by using a heat gun instead of an oven to treat There’s a good bit of self-help at play here, too. At Onshore Wind,
a compressor rotor, for example. The result was reducing build we’ve significantly reduced fixed cost while focusing on what
time to just 11 hours with one operator, all the while enhancing we call “workhorse” products—ones we can produce and scale
safety and quality. efficiently, safely, and cost effectively, rather than bringing a new
75 to 11 is the kind of change that takes your breath away. But to turbine to market every six to nine months.
me, the best part was the fact that on Thursday of that week, the Offshore Wind had a difficult year as we work through a tough
team was already talking about how they were going to do better backlog, which we expect to largely complete over the next two
than 11; what they could do next. years. The broader industry is ready for the reset that is now
That is the spirit of lean and kaizen. Always getting better. Your underway. Meanwhile, the team is applying what we’ve learned in
mindset shifts to look for opportunities at the most granular levels, our other businesses—focusing where we can play, win, and do so
day in and day out, to enhance performance and eliminate waste. profitably. We think Renewable Energy can be a high-single-digit
operating margin business in time.
These steps, scaled and compounded across our teams, help
customers and support our own businesses. This “power of the Power has transformed into a solid cash generator with an
‘and’”, as Jim Collins would say, is the magic that frankly becomes enviable services business, delivering about $2 billion of free cash
addicting as the improvements build on themselves and grow. flow* in 2023 with services growing to nearly 70 percent of revenue.
We delivered 58 heavy-duty gas turbines in the year, up 9 percent
since 2022, including 14 HAs—more equipment in the ground to
GE Vernova4 help electrify the world. Power’s HA fleet now has more than 47
gigawatts of installed capacity and continues to extend its services
GE Vernova delivered meaningfully better results in 2023 as billings to $1 billion by mid-2020s.
Renewable Energy and Power together generated positive profit
and free cash flow*. The team has made significant progress with Power has been the proving ground for the operating rigor we’re
room for more. now scaling across GE Vernova. Several years ago, the team in
G E 2023 A N N U A L R E P O RT | 3
GE Aerospace’s T901
Turboshaft Engine as
shown here will power
the U.S. Army’s Future
Attack Reconnaissance
Aircraft.
Greenville, South Carolina, traced the distance a steel blade would perform at much higher levels in ways that I think will serve us well
travel through the plant during the manufacturing process and cut going forward.
it from 3 miles to just 165 feet. We still cite that example across
our teams because it demonstrates so plainly what is possible GE Vernova isn’t just a great turnaround story. It’s a great value
through lean. Today, we look to Power and to sites like Greenville creation story, too. The world is looking for someone to lead
to model sustainment. the energy transition at scale—someone credible, innovative,
and capable. With roughly 30 percent of the world’s electricity
With Power’s continued strength, Grid and Onshore Wind generated with the help of its vast installed base, and demand for
delivering profitably, and our plan for Offshore Wind, GE Vernova is electricity projected to grow rapidly, GE Vernova is a glove fit for
ready to go. this vital mission, one that carries with it multi-decade tailwinds
and impact.
Onward, to the future Growing electrification around the world while decarbonizing the
Fit for purpose for the next century-plus, GE Aerospace and GE power sector is a challenge we are proud to help our customers
Vernova each are global leaders in vital industries that will only solve. Our state-of-the-art gas technology can reduce emissions
become more important over time. And as independent companies, by two-thirds compared to the average for installed coal, which
each will be wholly focused on their customers and industry still generates 75 percent of the electricity sector’s emissions.
stakeholders. Gas represents a crucial alternative and complements our
renewable power offerings and efforts to strengthen the grid.
GE Aerospace will be a global aerospace propulsion, services,
We’re also advancing carbon-reducing and carbon-free generation
and systems leader defining the future of flight. Our commercial
technologies, such as carbon capture and removal, hydrogen
propulsion fleet is the industry’s largest and youngest, carrying
combustion, and nuclear, including small modular reactors.
nearly 3 billion people with our technology under wing annually
thanks to our world-class engineering and services teams. As a standalone company, GE Vernova expects substantial profit
and free cash flow* growth in 2024. Importantly, the team will
Our customers want step changes in efficiency and fuel
strive to operate according to a set of shared principles that define
consumption, and through programs like CFM International’s RISE,
how we create value for our people, customers, shareholders,
we’re investing in pioneering technologies to achieve just that—
and planet. We call this the GE Vernova Way—core cultural
including in open fan engine architecture, compact core, hybrid
principles that will carry forward the inimitable GE DNA centered on
electric systems compatible with 100-percent Sustainable Aviation
innovation, customer focus, and humility.
Fuel (SAF), and direct hydrogen combustion. We completed more
than 100 tests as part of this program so far.
Our trajectory at GE Aerospace suggests sustained mid- to high- In that 1893 letter, Charles Coffin begins by mentioning how
single-digit growth long term, potentially surpassing $40 billion of three companies merged to form one GE. As we near completing
revenue in a few years. We’re laying in our lean operating model our splitting into three, it’s hard not to reflect at such a full circle
for GE Aerospace, which we’ll call FLIGHT DECK, so that we can moment, including about how far we have come.
4 | G E 2023 A N N U A L R E P O RT
Field services
technician on a Scott Strazik speaking
GE Vernova’s Gas
GE Vernova 3 MW at GE Vernova’s New
Power One Field
onshore wind turbine. Era of Energy event
Services team maintain
in Calgary, Alberta,
and upgrade power
Canada.
plants across the world.
Installed base of
~55K
is generated with the share of 2023
help of our technology backlog
wind turbines
Recently, I was out with my family watching the Bruins play when leading us to believe that a better way is possible. Our goal has
I ran into Matt Gregg, a GE Aerospace engineer. Matt works never been good enough, or a company that’s just better off. It
alongside his brother, Josh, and father, Scott, at our Rutland, is to build a world that works better. Period. I’m grateful for the
Vermont, facility. Matt excitedly told me how proud he is of his opportunity of a lifetime to work each day alongside this team.
group’s progress.
Gene Kranz, the legendary Flight Director at NASA said, “there’s
Not long ago, the tenor among the many who care deeply for GE an awful lot of future out there, and what you got to do, is … grab
was very different. Some worried and others had lost hope that it.” Whether it’s innovating precision health care, leading the
our company would survive. At my first GE Annual Shareholders transition to more sustainable, affordable, and reliable energy, or
Meeting, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, in 2018, I was awed by defining the future of flight, GE will continue to grab the future. For
the participation of current and former employees. Some had more than a century, GE often set the standard. Moving forward
traveled quite far; others shared how they were the second or third and because of our people, GE Vernova and GE Aerospace will
generation in their family to work for GE. Many were frustrated … join GE HealthCare in doing the same.
or worse. All were passionate, though, for GE to serve the world as
it was meant to. Each company will make an indelible mark, putting their stamp on
our lives and society. I can’t imagine anything more worth doing.
We embraced reality head on, taking disciplined and deliberate
steps to tackle our challenges while investing to protect what made
GE special. We set two clear goals: One, improve our financial
position to deal with our debt load. Two, improve our operations
to strengthen our businesses. Lean, with its relentless focus on
the customer and pursuit of continuous improvement, makes our
efforts sustainable and is leading to lasting culture change. H. LAWRENCE CULP, JR.
Chairman and CEO, GE
With more than $100 billion of debt reduction behind us and
CEO, GE Aerospace
hard-won progress deep within our businesses, managed amid
February 2, 2024
a pandemic, supply constraints, and other external shocks, we’re
operating in end markets full of near- and long-term opportunities.
We’re entering our future as independent companies from a
position of strength.
As we stand on the cusp of this future, like Matt, I can’t help but
feel immense pride and gratitude. I feel it when I look at the GE
sign that sits on my family’s farm or think about my mentors who
grew up in this company. GE’s stamp is on my life, too, and that
affinity is shared by millions around the world since that very
first letter.
All we have done, and all we will do, is a function of the GE team.
Most of all, I’m proud of this.
G E 2023 A N N U A L R E P O RT | 5
Performance in 2023
Dollars in millions
AEROSPACE
Y/Y Y/Y
FY23 FY22 REPORTED ORGANIC*
MISSION Designs and produces commercial and defense aircraft engines, Revenues $31,770 $26,050 22 % 22 %
integrated engine components, electric power and mechanical aircraft systems.
Profit/Loss $6,115 $4,775 28 % 25 %
Provides aftermarket services to support our products.
Profit/Loss Margin 19.2 % 18.3 % 90 bps 50 bps
UNITS Commercial Engines and Services, Defense, Systems & Other
Segment FCF* $5,664 $4,890 16 %
INSTALLED BASE ~70K commercial1 and defense engines
CEO H. Lawrence Culp, Jr. Orders $38,077 $31,106 22 % 22 %
Backlog2 $153,858 $135,260 14 %
6 | G E 2023 A N N U A L R E P O RT
Performance in 20231
Dollars in millions
RENEWABLE ENERGY
Y/Y Y/Y
FY23 FY22 REPORTED ORGANIC *
MISSION Lead the energy transition while building on advanced technologies Revenues $15,050 $12,977 16 % 17 %
that grow renewable energy generation, lower the cost of electricity, and
Profit/Loss $(1,437) $(2,240) 36 % 45 %
modernize the grid.
Profit/Loss Margin (9.5)% (17.3)% 780 bps 920 bps
UNITS Onshore Wind; Grid Solutions Equipment and Services; Hydro,
Offshore Wind and Hybrid Solutions Segment FCF* $(1,455) $(2,040) 29 %
POWER
Y/Y Y/Y
FY23 FY22 REPORTED ORGANIC *
MISSION Serve power generation, industrial, government and other customers Revenues $17,731 $16,262 9% 7%
worldwide with products and services related to energy production.
Profit/Loss $1,449 $1,217 19 % 10 %
UNITS Gas Power; Steam Power; Power Conversion, Nuclear and other
Profit/Loss Margin 8.2 % 7.5% 70 bps 20 bps
INSTALLED BASE ~7K gas turbines
Segment FCF* $2,049 $1,850 11 %
CEO Scott Strazik
Orders $18,479 $17,826 4% 3%
Backlog2 $71,718 $68,981 4%
* Non-GAAP Financial Measure
1 The financial results presented on this page represent the segment results of Renewable Energy and Power as segments of GE, not the carve-out financial statements of
GE Vernova as a standalone separate company.
2 To align with our 10-K reporting, GE has replaced our annual backlog supplemental reporting with RPO. GE now uses the terms “backlog” and RPO interchangeably.
G E 2023 A N N U A L R E P O RT | 7
Performance in 2023
Dollars in millions; except per-share amounts
TOTAL COMPANY
Y/Y
GAAP FY23 FY22 REPORTED NON-GAAP* FY23 FY22 Y/Y
PURPOSE We rise to the challenge Total Revenues $67,954 $58,100 17 % Organic Revenues $64,336 $55,150 17 %
of building a world that works.
Profit $10,191 $(799) F Adjusted profit $5,662 $3,159 79 %
CEO H. Lawrence Culp, Jr.
Profit Margin 15.0 % (1.4)% 1,640 bps Adjusted profit margin 8.8 % 5.7 % 310 bps
GLOBAL OPERATIONS
Continuing EPS $7.98 $(1.00) F Adjusted EPS $2.81 $0.77 F
Over 160 countries
Net EPS $8.36 $0.05 F Free cash flow (FCF) $5,150 $3,059 68 %
* Non-GAAP Financial Measure Cash from Operating $5,570 $4,043 38 %
Activities (CFOA)
F Favorable
1 To align with our 10-K reporting, GE Orders $79,206 $63,119 25 %
has replaced our annual backlog
Backlog1 $267,233 $238,396 12 %
supplemental reporting with RPO.
GE now uses the terms “backlog”
and RPO interchangeably.
8 | G E 2023 A N N U A L R E P O RT
United States Securities and Exchange Commission
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
☑ Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023
Commission file number 001-00035
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or
revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management's assessment of the effectiveness of its internal
control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared
or issued its audit report.☑
If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the
filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation
received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☑
The aggregate market value of the outstanding common equity of the registrant not held by affiliates as of the last business day of the registrant’s most
recently completed second fiscal quarter was at least $117.9 billion. There were 1,088,334,304 shares of common stock with a par value of $0.01
outstanding at January 15, 2024.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
The definitive proxy statement relating to the registrant’s Annual Meeting of Shareholders, to be held May 7, 2024, is incorporated by reference into Part III
to the extent described therein.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Forward-Looking Statements 3
About General Electric 4
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (MD&A) 6
Consolidated Results 6
Segment Operations 7
Corporate 13
Other Consolidated Information 14
Capital Resources and Liquidity 15
Critical Accounting Estimates 18
Other Items 20
Non-GAAP Financial Measures 23
Other Financial Data 26
Cybersecurity 26
Risk Factors 27
Legal Proceedings 36
Management and Auditor's Reports 37
Audited Financial Statements and Notes 41
Statement of Earnings (Loss) 41
Statement of Financial Position 42
Statement of Cash Flows 43
Statement of Comprehensive Income (Loss) 44
Statement of Changes in Shareholders' Equity 44
Note 1 Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies 45
Note 2 Businesses Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations 50
Note 3 Investment Securities 52
Note 4 Current and Long-Term Receivables 54
Note 5 Inventories, Including Deferred Inventory Costs 54
Note 6 Property, Plant and Equipment and Operating Leases 55
Note 7 Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets 55
Note 8 Contract and Other Deferred Assets & Progress Collections and Deferred Income 56
Note 9 All Other Assets 57
Note 10 Borrowings 58
Note 11 Accounts Payable and Equipment Project Payables 58
Note 12 Insurance Liabilities and Annuity Benefits 58
Note 13 Postretirement Benefit Plans 61
Note 14 Current and All Other Liabilities 67
Note 15 Income Taxes 67
Note 16 Shareholders' Equity 70
Note 17 Share-Based Compensation 71
Note 18 Earnings Per Share Information 72
Note 19 Other Income (Loss) 72
Note 20 Restructuring Charges and Separation Costs 73
Note 21 Fair Value Measurements 74
Note 22 Financial Instruments 74
Note 23 Variable Interest Entities 76
Note 24 Commitments, Guarantees, Product Warranties and Other Loss Contingencies 76
Note 25 Operating Segments 78
Note 26 Summarized Financial Information 80
Note 27 Quarterly Information 81
Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance 82
Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules 82
Form 10-K Cross Reference Index 86
Signatures 87
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS. Our public communications and SEC filings may contain statements related to future,
not past, events. These forward-looking statements often address our expected future business and financial performance and financial
condition, and often contain words such as "expect," "anticipate," "intend," "plan," "believe," "seek," "see," "will," "would," "estimate,"
"forecast," "target," "preliminary," or "range." Forward-looking statements by their nature address matters that are, to different degrees,
uncertain, such as statements about planned and potential transactions, including our plan to pursue a spin-off of our portfolio of energy
businesses that are planned to be combined as GE Vernova; the impacts of macroeconomic and market conditions and volatility on our
business operations, financial results and financial position and on the global supply chain and world economy; our expected financial
performance, including cash flows, revenues, organic growth, margins, earnings and earnings per share; our credit ratings and
outlooks; our funding and liquidity; our businesses’ cost structures and plans to reduce costs; restructuring, goodwill impairment or other
financial charges; or tax rates.
For us, particular areas where risks or uncertainties could cause our actual results to be materially different than those expressed in our
forward-looking statements include:
• our success in executing planned and potential transactions, including our plan to pursue a spin-off of GE Vernova and sales or
other dispositions of our remaining equity interest in GE HealthCare, the timing for such transactions, the ability to satisfy any
applicable pre-conditions, and the expected proceeds, consideration and benefits to GE;
• changes in macroeconomic and market conditions and market volatility, including risk of recession, inflation, supply chain
constraints or disruptions, interest rates, the value of securities and other financial assets (including our equity interest in GE
HealthCare), oil, natural gas and other commodity prices and exchange rates, and the impact of such changes and volatility on our
business operations, financial results and financial position;
• global economic trends, competition and geopolitical risks, including impacts from the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine
and the related sanctions and other measures and risks related to conflict in the Middle East, demand or supply shocks from
events such as a major terrorist attack, natural disasters or actual or threatened public health pandemics or other emergencies, or
an escalation of sanctions, tariffs or other trade tensions between the U.S. and China or other countries, and related impacts on our
businesses' global supply chains and strategies;
• market developments or customer actions that may affect demand and the financial performance of major industries and customers
we serve, such as demand for air travel and other commercial aviation sector dynamics; pricing, cost, volume and the timing of
investment by customers or industry participants and other factors in renewable energy markets; conditions in key geographic
markets; technology developments; and other shifts in the competitive landscape for our products and services;
• our capital allocation plans, including the timing and amount of dividends, share repurchases, acquisitions, organic investments,
and other priorities;
• downgrades of our current short- and long-term credit ratings or ratings outlooks, or changes in rating application or methodology,
and the related impact on our funding profile, costs, liquidity and competitive position;
• the amount and timing of our cash flows and earnings, which may be impacted by macroeconomic, customer, supplier, competitive,
contractual and other dynamics and conditions;
• capital or liquidity needs associated with our run-off insurance operations and mortgage portfolio in Poland (Bank BPH), the
amount and timing of any required future capital contributions and any strategic options that we may consider;
• operational execution and improvements by our businesses, including the success at our Renewable Energy business in improving
product quality and fleet availability, executing on our product and project cost estimates and delivery schedule projections and
other aspects of operational performance, as well as the performance of GE Aerospace amidst market growth and ramping newer
product platforms;
• changes in law, regulation or policy that may affect our businesses, such as trade policy and tariffs, regulation and incentives
related to climate change (including the impact of the Inflation Reduction Act and other policies), and the effects of tax law changes;
• our decisions about investments in research and development, and new products, services and platforms, and our ability to launch
new products in a cost-effective manner;
• the impact of regulation and regulatory, investigative and legal proceedings and legal compliance risks, including the impact of
shareholder and related lawsuits, Alstom, Bank BPH and other investigative and legal proceedings;
• the impact of actual or potential quality issues or failures of our products or third-party products with which our products are
integrated, and related costs and reputational effects;
• the impact related to information technology, cybersecurity or data security breaches at GE or third parties; and
• the other factors that are described in the "Risk Factors" section in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December
31, 2023, as such descriptions may be updated or amended in any future reports we file with the SEC.
These or other uncertainties may cause our actual future results to be materially different than those expressed in our forward-looking
statements. We do not undertake to update our forward-looking statements. This document includes certain forward-looking projected
financial information that is based on current estimates and forecasts. Actual results could differ materially.
We previously announced a strategic plan to form three industry-leading, global, investment-grade public companies from (i) our
Aerospace business, which we plan to refer to as GE Aerospace, (ii) our portfolio of energy businesses, including our Renewable
Energy and Power businesses, which we plan to combine and refer to as GE Vernova, and (iii) our former HealthCare business. For
purposes of this report, we refer to our reporting segments as Aerospace, Renewable Energy and Power. The composition of these
reporting segments is unchanged. On January 3, 2023, we completed the separation of the HealthCare business from GE through the
spin-off of GE HealthCare Technologies Inc. (GE HealthCare). See Notes 2 and 3 for further information. The historical results of GE
HealthCare and certain assets and liabilities included in the spin-off are now reported in GE's consolidated financial statements as
discontinued operations. Additionally, on January 1, 2023, we adopted Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-12, Financial Services –
Insurance (Topic 944): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Long-Duration Contracts. See Note 12 for further information.
Over our more than 130-year history, GE’s innovation and technology have improved quality of life around the world by adapting and
innovating solutions to pressing global challenges, including our businesses' focuses today on the future of flight and the energy
transition. At GE Aerospace, with a differentiated product and technology portfolio across the commercial and military sectors, we are
well positioned to serve customers in expanding and upgrading their fleets amidst the demand ramp for engines and services with
recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic. At the same time, we are working to develop next generation engine programs that will allow a
smarter and more efficient future of flight, including efforts to support increased use of sustainable aviation fuel with our engines’
capabilities and developing new engine architectures such as open fan, hybrid electric and hydrogen technologies. The GE Vernova
businesses are positioned to lead the energy transition, helping the energy sector solve for sustainability, reliability and affordability.
These businesses are at the center of a dynamic and growing market, as the world faces a significant increase in electricity demand in
the coming decades along with the need to electrify and decarbonize. With a range of power generation technologies spanning gas
power, onshore and offshore wind and others, as well as power grid automation and hardware, these businesses offer solutions for
customers to reduce emissions, meet the growth in electricity demand and make energy more accessible globally, secure and resilient.
We believe our businesses’ strategies and focus on these significant global challenges are well aligned with broader goals of
sustainable development, and we approach sustainability with GE’s commitment to innovation as a central element. Sustainability
priorities are embedded in our policies, leadership engagement, operating mechanisms, commitments, and, ultimately, our products. In
addition to working to develop technologies that will help build a more sustainable world, we advance GE’s sustainability priorities
through our own commitments to our people, communities and planet. More information that may be of interest to a variety of
stakeholders about GE’s sustainability approach, priorities and performance, including about safety, greenhouse gas emission
reductions for our own operations and for our products, environmental stewardship, diversity and inclusion (as also discussed further
below), supply chain and human rights and other matters, can be found in our Sustainability Report.
We serve customers in over 160 countries. Manufacturing and service operations are carried out at 59 manufacturing plants located in
24 states in the United States and Puerto Rico and at 102 manufacturing plants located in 25 other countries.
In all of our global business activities, we encounter aggressive and able competition. In many instances, the competitive environment
is characterized by changing technology that requires continuing research and development. With respect to manufacturing operations,
we continue to make improvements through deployment of lean initiatives and we believe that, in general, we are one of the leading
firms in most of the major industries in which we participate.
As a diverse global company, we are affected by economic and market developments around the world, supply chain disruptions,
instability in certain regions, commodity prices, foreign currency volatility and policies regarding trade and imports. See the Segment
Operations section within MD&A for further information. Other factors impacting our business include:
• long product development cycles for many of our products, with product quality and efficiency often being critical to success;
• the importance of research and development expenditures;
• regulatory standards that apply to many of our products; and
• changing end markets, including shifts in energy sources and demand related to cost, decarbonization efforts and other factors, as
well as the impact of technology changes.
The strength and talent of our workforce are critical to the success of our businesses, and we continually strive to attract, develop and
retain personnel commensurate with the needs of our businesses in their operating environments. The Company’s human capital
management priorities are designed to support the execution of our business strategy and improve organizational effectiveness. Our
focus on organizational performance and talent remains front and center through the ongoing execution of our strategic plan to separate
GE Aerospace and GE Vernova into independent companies. We will continue to monitor various factors across our human capital
priorities, including as a part of our business operating reviews during the year and with oversight by our Board of Directors and the
Board’s Management Development and Compensation Committee. The following are our human capital priorities:
Additionally, in 2021, we began publishing diversity reporting to transparently share our diversity data and hold ourselves accountable
for continuous improvement. To support our inclusion and diversity efforts, we have Chief Diversity Officers at our businesses.
Additionally, we have several Employee Resource Groups which have added value to our colleagues and businesses by helping to
engage and develop diverse talent for nearly 30 years. These groups accelerate development through mentoring, learning, networking,
organizing outreach and service activities; they address challenges that are important to their members and the Company; and they
support our goals to build a diverse talent pipeline.
At December 31, 2023, General Electric Company and consolidated affiliates employed approximately 125,000 people, of whom
approximately 44,000 were employed in the United States.
At December 31, 2023, GE had approximately 4,880 union-represented manufacturing and service employees in the United States. The
majority are covered by collective bargaining agreements that expire in 2025. GE’s relationship with employee-representative
organizations outside the U.S. takes many forms, including in Europe where GE engages employees’ representatives’ bodies such as
works councils (at both European level and locally) and trade unions in accordance with local law.
We are subject to numerous U.S. federal, state and foreign laws and regulations covering a wide variety of subject matters related to
our products, services and business operations, including requirements regarding the protection of human health and safety and the
environment. Relevant laws and regulations can apply to our business directly and indirectly, such as through the effect that laws and
regulations applicable to our customers may have in influencing the products and services they purchase from us. Like other industrial
manufacturing companies that operate in the sectors we serve, which are high-tech, increasingly digitally connected and global, we face
significant scrutiny from both U.S. and foreign governmental authorities with respect to our compliance with laws and regulations. Many
of the sales across our businesses are also made to U.S. or foreign governments, regulated entities such as public utilities, state-owned
companies or other public sector customers, and these types of sales often entail additional compliance obligations. For further
information about government regulation applicable to our businesses, see the Segment Operations section within MD&A, Risk Factors
and Note 24.
We own, or hold licenses to use, numerous patents. New patents are continuously being obtained through our research and
development activities. Patented inventions are used both within the Company and are licensed to others. GE is a trademark and
service mark of General Electric Company.
Because of the diversity of our products and services, as well as the wide geographic dispersion of our production facilities, we use
numerous sources for the wide variety of raw materials needed for our operations.
Our Annual Report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports are
available, without charge, on our website, www.ge.com/investor-relations/events-reports, as soon as reasonably practicable after they
are filed electronically with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Copies are also available, without charge, from GE
Corporate Investor Communications. Reports filed with the SEC may be viewed at www.sec.gov.
In the accompanying analysis of financial information, we sometimes use information derived from consolidated financial data but not
presented in our financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP. Certain of these data are considered “non-GAAP financial
measures” under SEC rules. See the Non-GAAP Financial Measures section for the reasons we use these non-GAAP financial
measures and the reconciliations to their most directly comparable GAAP financial measures.
CONSOLIDATED RESULTS
SUMMARY OF 2023 RESULTS. Total revenues were $68.0 billion, up $9.9 billion for the year, driven by increases at all segments and
Corporate.
Continuing earnings (loss) per share was $7.98. Excluding the results from our run-off Insurance operations, non-operating benefit
costs, gains (losses) on purchases and sales of business interests, gains (losses) on equity securities, restructuring costs, separation
costs and Russia and Ukraine charges, Adjusted earnings per share* was $2.81. For the year ended December 31, 2023, profit margin
was 15.0% and profit was up $11.0 billion, primarily due to an increase in gains on retained and sold ownership interests of $5.7 billion,
an increase in segment profit of $2.4 billion, an increase in non-operating benefit income of $1.2 billion, the nonrecurrence of the Steam
asset sale impairment of $0.8 billion, the nonrecurrence of debt extinguishment costs of $0.5 billion, a decrease in interest and other
financial charges of $0.3 billion, a decrease in Adjusted total corporate operating costs* of $0.1 billion, a decrease in restructuring costs
of $0.1 billion and an increase in Insurance profit of $0.1 billion. These increases were partially offset by an increase in separation costs
of $0.3 billion. Adjusted organic profit* increased $2.6 billion, driven primarily by increases at all segments and lower Adjusted total
corporate operating costs*.
Cash flows from operating activities (CFOA) were $5.6 billion and $4.0 billion for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022,
respectively. CFOA increased primarily due to an increase in net income (after adjusting for depreciation of property, plant, and
equipment, amortization of intangible assets, non-cash (gains) losses related to our retained and sold ownership interests in GE
HealthCare, AerCap and Baker Hughes and the nonrecurrence of non-operating debt extinguishment costs). Free cash flows* (FCF)
were $5.2 billion and $3.1 billion for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. FCF* increased primarily due to the
same reasons as noted for CFOA above, after adjusting for an increase in separation cash expenditures, which are excluded from
FCF*, partially offset by an increase in cash used for additions to property, plant and equipment and internal-use software. See the
Capital Resources and Liquidity - Statement of Cash Flows section for further information.
Remaining performance obligation (RPO) includes unfilled customer orders for equipment, excluding any purchase order that provides
the customer with the ability to cancel or terminate without incurring a substantive penalty. Services RPO includes the estimated life of
contract sales related to long-term service agreements which remain unsatisfied at the end of the reporting period, the estimated
amount of unsatisfied performance obligations for time and material agreements, material services agreements, spare parts under
purchase order, multi-year maintenance programs and other services agreements, excluding any order that provides the customer with
the ability to cancel or terminate without incurring a substantive penalty. See Note 25 for further information.
As of December 31, 2023, RPO increased $28.8 billion (12%) from December 31, 2022, primarily at Aerospace, from increases in both
equipment and services; at Renewable Energy, from new orders at Grid and Onshore Wind; and at Power, driven by increases in Gas
Power services and equipment and Power Conversion equipment.
For the year ended December 31, 2023, total revenues increased $9.9 billion (17%). Equipment revenues increased, primarily at
Renewable Energy, due to higher equipment revenue at Offshore Wind associated with the Haliade-X ramp up, as well as at Grid; at
Aerospace, due to an increase in commercial install and spare engine unit shipments; and at Power, due to increases at Gas Power
and Power Conversion. Services revenues increased, primarily at Aerospace, due to increased commercial spare part shipments,
internal shop visit volume and higher prices; and at Power, due to growth in Gas Power, Steam and Power Conversion; partially offset
by a decrease at Renewable Energy, due to a decrease in repower revenue.
Excluding the change in Insurance revenues, the net effects of acquisitions and dispositions and the effects of a weaker U.S. dollar,
organic revenues* increased $9.2 billion (17%), with equipment revenues up $4.3 billion (19%) and services revenues up $4.8 billion
(15%). Organic revenues* increased at Aerospace, Renewable Energy and Power.
For the year ended December 31, 2023, continuing earnings increased $9.9 billion, primarily due to an increase in gains on retained
and sold ownership interests of $5.7 billion, an increase in segment profit of $2.4 billion, an increase in non-operating benefit income of
$1.2 billion, the nonrecurrence of the Steam asset sale impairment of $0.8 billion, the nonrecurrence of debt extinguishment costs of
$0.5 billion, a decrease in interest and other financial charges of $0.3 billion, a decrease in Adjusted Corporate operating costs* of $0.1
billion, a decrease in restructuring costs of $0.1 billion and an increase in Insurance profit of $0.1 billion. These increases were partially
offset by an increase in provision for income taxes of $1.1 billion and an increase in separation costs of $0.3 billion. Adjusted earnings*
were $3.1 billion, an increase of $2.2 billion. Profit margin was 15.0%, an increase from (1.4)%. Adjusted profit* was $5.7 billion, an
increase of $2.6 billion organically*, due to increases at Aerospace, Renewable Energy and Power. Adjusted profit margin* was 8.8%,
an increase of 310 basis points organically*.
We continue to experience inflation pressure in our supply chain, as well as delays in sourcing key materials needed for our products
and skilled labor shortages. This has delayed our ability to convert RPO to revenue and negatively impacted our profit margins. While
we expect the impact of inflation to continue to be challenging, we have taken and continue to take actions to limit this pressure,
including lean initiatives to drive cost productivity, partnering with our suppliers and adjusting the pricing of our products and services.
Also, because we operate in many countries around the world, we are subject to complex global geopolitical forces. Due to an
expansion of U.S. sanctions related to the ongoing Russia and Ukraine conflict, we recorded a charge of $0.2 billion in the year ended
December 31, 2023, primarily related to our Power segment, and as a result our remaining net asset exposure to Russia is not material.
SEGMENT OPERATIONS. Segment revenues include sales of equipment and services by our segments. Segment profit is
determined based on performance measures used by our Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM), who is our Chief Executive Officer
(CEO), to assess the performance of each business in a given period. In connection with that assessment, the CEO may exclude
matters, such as charges for impairments, significant, higher-cost restructuring programs, costs associated with separation activities,
manufacturing footprint rationalization and other similar expenses, acquisition costs and other related charges, certain gains and losses
from acquisitions or dispositions and certain litigation settlements. See the Corporate section for further information about costs
excluded from segment profit. Segment profit excludes results reported as discontinued operations and the portion of earnings or loss
attributable to noncontrolling interests of consolidated subsidiaries, and as such only includes the portion of earnings or loss attributable
to our share of the consolidated earnings or loss of consolidated subsidiaries. Certain corporate costs, including those related to shared
services, employee benefits, and information technology, are allocated to our segments based on usage or their relative net cost of
operations.
GE AEROSPACE. Aerospace designs and produces commercial and defense aircraft engines, integrated engine components, electric
power and mechanical aircraft systems. We also provide aftermarket services to support our products.
Commercial Engines and Services – manufactures jet engines for commercial airframes. Aerospace engines power aircraft in all
categories: narrowbody, widebody and regional, which includes engines sold by CFM International, a 50-50 non-consolidated company
with Safran Aircraft Engines, a subsidiary of Safran Group of France, and Engine Alliance, a 50-50 non-consolidated company with
Raytheon Technologies Corporation via their Pratt & Whitney segment. This includes engines and components for business aviation
and aeroderivative applications as well. Commercial provides maintenance, component repair and overhaul services (MRO), including
sales of spare parts.
Defense – manufactures jet engines for defense airframes. Our defense engines power a wide variety of defense aircraft including
fighters, bombers, tankers, helicopters and surveillance aircraft, as well as marine applications. We provide maintenance, component
repair and overhaul services, including sales of spare parts.
Systems & Other – provides avionics systems, aviation electric power systems, turboprop engines, engine gear and transmission
components and services for commercial and defense businesses. Additionally, we provide a wide variety of products and services
including additive machines, additive materials (including metal powders), and additive engineering services.
Competition & Regulation. The global businesses for aircraft jet engines, maintenance, component repair and overhaul services
(including spare part sales) are highly competitive. Both domestic and international sales are important to the growth and success of the
business. Product development cycles are long and product quality and efficiency are critical to success. Research and development
expenditures are important in this business, as are focused intellectual property strategies and protection of key aircraft engine design,
manufacture, repair and product upgrade technologies. In addition, we are subject to market and regulatory dynamics related to
decarbonization which will require a combination of technological innovation in the fuel efficiency of engines, expanding the use of
sustainable aviation fuels and the development of electric flight and hydrogen-based aviation technologies. Aircraft engine and systems
orders tend to follow civil air travel demand and defense procurement cycles.
Our products, services and activities are subject to a number of global regulators such as the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration
(FAA), European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA), Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC) and other regulatory bodies.
Significant Trends & Developments. Our results in 2023 reflect robust demand for commercial air travel and continued strength in
services, which represents over 70% of Aerospace’s revenue this year. A key underlying driver of our commercial engine and services
business is global commercial departures, which grew high-teens during 2023 compared to 2022. The air traffic growth trends vary by
region given economic conditions, airline competition and government regulations. Consistent with industry projections, we estimate
departures growth to decelerate to mid-single digits in 2024. We are in frequent dialogue with our airline, airframe, and maintenance,
repair and overhaul customers about the outlook for commercial air travel, new aircraft production, fleet retirements, and after-market
services, including shop visit and spare parts demand.
We increased our Commercial engine sales this year compared to prior year, however, Defense engine sales decreased compared to
prior year. Global material availability, supplier delivery performance and skilled labor shortages continue to cause disruptions for our
suppliers and for us, and have impacted our production and delivery. We continue to partner with our customers on future production
rates. Aerospace is proactively managing the impact of inflationary pressure by deploying lean initiatives to drive cost productivity,
partnering with our suppliers and adjusting the pricing of our products and services. We expect the impact of inflation will continue, and
we are taking actions to mitigate the impact.
Total engineering, comprising company, customer and partner-funded and nonrecurring engineering costs, increased compared to the
prior year. We remain committed to investing in developing and maturing technologies that enable a more sustainable future of flight.
Notably, CFM’s Revolutionary Innovation for Sustainable Engines (RISE) program represents our single largest efficiency step change,
aiming to reduce fuel consumption and CO2 emissions by at least 20% compared to today’s most efficient engines. In December 2023,
NASA selected Aerospace for phase two of the Hybrid Thermally Efficient Core program, which will significantly enhance fuel efficiency
and reduce emissions for the next-generation of commercial aircraft engines.
We continue to take actions to serve our customers as demand in the global airline industry increases. Aerospace has a deep history of
innovation and technology leadership. Our commercial and defense engine installed base, including units produced by joint ventures, of
approximately 70,000 units, with approximately 12,600 units under long-term service agreements, supports recurring, profitable
services growth for the future. We believe these strong fundamentals position Aerospace to generate long-term profitable growth and
higher cash flow over time.
RPO December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 December 31, 2021
Equipment $ 16,247 $ 13,748 $ 11,139
Services 137,611 121,511 114,133
Total RPO $ 153,858 $ 135,260 $ 125,272
RPO as of December 31, 2023 increased $18.6 billion (14%) from December 31, 2022, due to increases in both equipment and
services. Equipment increased primarily due to an increase in both Commercial and Defense equipment orders since December 31,
2022. Services increased primarily due to contract modifications and as a result of engines contracted under long-term service
agreements that have now been put into service.
RENEWABLE ENERGY – will be part of GE Vernova. We benefit from one of the broadest portfolios in the industry that uniquely
positions us to lead the energy transition while building on advanced technologies that grow renewable energy generation, lower the
cost of electricity and modernize the grid. Our portfolio of business units includes onshore and offshore wind, blade manufacturing, grid
solutions, hydro, battery storage, hybrid renewables and digital services offerings.
Onshore Wind – delivers wind turbines, technology and services for the onshore wind power industry by focusing on work-horse
products in select locations, while continuing to innovate the technology to create wind turbines suitable for various markets and
environmental conditions. Wind Services assist customers in improving cost, capacity and performance of their assets over the lifetime
of their fleets, utilizing digital infrastructure to monitor, predict and optimize wind farm energy performance. Our Onshore Wind business
supports a turbine installed base of over 55,000 units, of which slightly fewer than half are under service agreements.
Grid Solutions Equipment and Services (Grid) – enables power utilities and industries worldwide to effectively manage electricity
from the point of generation to consumption, helping the reliability, efficiency and resiliency of the grid. Service offerings include a
comprehensive portfolio of equipment, hardware, protection and control, automation and digital services. Grid is also addressing the
challenges of the energy transition by safely and reliably connecting intermittent renewable energy generation to transmission networks.
Hydro, Offshore Wind and Hybrid Solutions – Hydro provides a portfolio of solutions and services for hydropower generation for both
large hydropower plants and small hydropower solutions. Offshore Wind provides wind power technologies and wind farm development.
Hybrid Solutions provides integration of renewable energies that drive stability to the grid and integrates storage and renewable energy
generation sources.
Competition & Regulation. While many factors, including government incentives, specific market rules, and permitting regulations and
challenges affect how renewable energy can deliver outcomes for customers in a given region, renewable energy has become
competitive with fossil fuels in terms of levelized cost of electricity. We continue to invest in improving the durability of our wind turbine
products, fleet availability and project execution. We have an increased focus on project selectivity and reducing the number of product
variants. Additionally, we continue to explore ways to further improve the efficiency and flexibility of our hydropower technology with new
innovative turbine designs and digital solutions. The power grid, which was designed historically for one-way flow of electricity from
centralized plants, must be augmented to accommodate two-way flows from a highly distributed network of generation and storage
solutions. As industry models continue to evolve, our digital strategy and investments in technical innovation will position us to add
value for customers looking for clean, renewable energy.
Significant Trends & Developments. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the segment experienced higher orders and
revenue from increased demand at Grid, Onshore Wind projects in the U.S. and higher revenue at Offshore Wind. Grid Solutions
signed a significant agreement to supply its two-gigawatt HVDC systems to connect wind farms in the North Sea to the Netherlands and
Germany. The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (IRA) introduced new and extended existing tax incentives for at least 10 years. It has
resolved recent U.S. policy uncertainty that resulted in project delays and deferral of customer investments in Onshore Wind and
increased near- and longer-term demand in the U.S. for onshore and offshore wind projects. Included in our RPO of $42.8 billion at
December 31, 2023 are service agreements on approximately 24,000 of our onshore wind turbines, from an installed base of over
55,000 units. New product introductions, such as our 3 MW, 5 MW and 6 MW Onshore units, and our 12-14 MW Haliade-X Offshore
units, account for more than half of our RPO in Onshore and Offshore Wind. As of December 31, 2023, the first 13 MW Haliade-X units
have achieved first power. Finally, our Grid business is positioned to support grid expansion and modernization needs.
At Onshore Wind, we continue to focus on improving our overall quality and fleet availability. We are reducing product variants and
deploying repairs and other corrective measures across the fleet. Concurrently, we intend to operate in fewer geographies and focus on
those markets that align better with our products and manufacturing footprint. We are realizing the favorable impact of the IRA through a
reduction in product costs as qualifying turbines manufactured in the U.S. in 2023 are delivered. More than two-thirds of Onshore
Wind’s equipment RPO is associated with U.S. projects where we expect to receive additional IRA benefits as incremental qualifying
turbines are delivered. Finally, we are continuing our restructuring program to reduce our operating costs and are seeing the benefits
both operationally and financially.
The Offshore Wind industry, where we expect global growth through the coming decades, currently faces challenges as companies
attempt to increase output and reduce cost. In our Offshore Wind business, we continue to experience pressure related to our product
and project cost estimates. Although we are deploying countermeasures to combat these pressures and are committed to driving
productivity and cost improvement for our new larger turbines, changes in execution timelines or other adverse developments likely
could have an adverse effect on our cash collection timelines and contract profitability, and could result in further losses beyond the
amounts that we currently estimate.
*Non-GAAP Financial Measure
RPO December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 December 31, 2021
Equipment $ 27,703 $ 20,142 $ 18,639
Services 15,082 14,799 14,652
Total RPO $ 42,785 $ 34,941 $ 33,291
RPO as of December 31, 2023 increased $7.8 billion (22%) from December 31, 2022 primarily from several new HVDC projects at Grid
and increases at Onshore Wind driven by a large order in the U.S., partially offset by a decrease in the Onshore Wind international
market as revenues recognized outpaced new orders as we decrease the number of geographies we operate in, and a decrease at
Offshore Wind where revenues outpaced new orders, as well as an order received during the second quarter and cancelled during the
fourth quarter. RPO as of December 31, 2022 increased $1.6 billion (5%) from December 31, 2021 primarily from new orders at Grid
and Hydro exceeding sales, partially offset by the approximately $1.3 billion impact from a stronger U.S. dollar and revenue exceeding
new orders at Offshore Wind.
For the year ended December 31, 2023, segment revenues were up $2.1 billion (16%) and segment losses were down $0.8
billion (36%).
Revenues increased $2.1 billion (17%) organically*, primarily from higher equipment revenue at Offshore Wind associated with the
Haliade-X ramp up, increases at Grid in equipment and services and increases at Onshore Wind equipment in North America. These
increases were partially offset by a decrease in repower revenue driven by a reduction in volume.
Segment losses decreased $1.0 billion (45%) organically*, primarily attributable to the improved performance at Onshore Wind through
improved pricing and the impact of cost reduction activities, the nonrecurrence of prior year warranty and related charges of $0.5 billion
and benefits arising from the IRA on product cost of $0.2 billion. Additionally, Grid profit increased due to higher revenue, improved
pricing and the impact of cost reduction activities. These benefits were partially offset by higher losses at Offshore Wind associated with
Haliade-X ramp up where project losses increased by $0.4 billion.
POWER – will be part of GE Vernova. Power serves power generation, industrial, government and other customers worldwide with
products and services related to energy production. Our products and technologies harness resources such as natural gas, fossil, oil,
diesel and nuclear to produce electric power and include gas and steam turbines, full balance of plant, upgrade and service solutions,
as well as data-leveraging software.
Gas Power – offers a wide spectrum of heavy-duty and aeroderivative gas turbines for utilities, independent power producers and
numerous industrial applications, ranging from small, mobile power to utility scale power plants. Gas Power also delivers maintenance
and service solutions across total plant assets and over their operational lifecycle.
Steam Power – offers a broad portfolio of technologies and services predominately for nuclear and fossil power plants to help
customers deliver reliable power as they transition to a lower carbon future.
Power Conversion, Nuclear and other - applies the science and systems of power conversion to provide motors, generators,
automation and control equipment and drives for energy intensive industries such as marine, oil and gas, mining, rail, metals and test
systems. Through joint ventures with Hitachi, it also provides nuclear technology solutions for boiling water reactors including reactor
design, reactor fuel and support services, and the design and development of small modular reactors.
Significant Trends & Developments. During the year ended December 31, 2023, GE gas turbine utilization was up low single digits,
with strength in the U.S. partially offset by lower utilization in Europe due to nuclear and hydro recoveries as well as renewables growth.
Global electricity demand was down low single digits for the year due to milder temperatures in the U.S. and the continued effects of
energy saving policies in Europe. As we continue to work in emerging markets, there could be uncertainty in the timing of deal closures
due to financing and other complexities. Power has proactively managed the impact of inflationary pressure by deploying lean initiatives
to drive cost productivity, partnering with our suppliers and adjusting the pricing of our products and services. Given the long-cycle
nature of the business, we expect the impact of inflation will continue to be challenging and we will continue to take actions to manage.
Although market factors related to the energy transition, such as greater renewable energy penetration and the adoption of climate
change-related policies continue to evolve, we expect the gas power market to remain stable over the next decade with gas power
generation continuing to grow low single digits. We believe gas power will play a critical role in the energy transition by providing a
critical foundation of dispatchable, flexible power and system inertia from which the energy transition can build upon. We remain
focused on our underwriting discipline and risk management to ensure we are securing deals that meet our financial hurdles, where we
have high confidence in delivering for our customers.
In the first quarter of 2022, we signed a non-binding memorandum of understanding for GE Steam Power to sell a part of its nuclear
activities to Électricité de France S.A. (EDF), which resulted in a reclassification of that business to held for sale. In the fourth quarter of
2022, we signed a binding agreement to sell a portion of our Steam business to EDF. We are working with EDF to complete the sale as
soon as possible, subject to regulatory approvals and other closing conditions. In the second quarter of 2023, our Gas Power business
acquired Nexus Controls, a business specializing in aftermarket control system upgrades and controls field services that is expected to
strengthen our quality, service, and delivery of our customers' assets.
We continue to invest in new product development. In Nuclear, we have signed an agreement with a customer for the deployment of
small modular nuclear reactor technology, the first commercial contract in North America, with the potential to enable reductions in
nuclear power plant costs and cycle times. In Gas Power, we continue to invest for the long-term, including multiple decarbonization
pathways that will provide customers with cleaner, more reliable power. Our fundamentals remain strong with approximately $71.7
billion in RPO and a gas turbine installed base of approximately 7,000 units and approximately 1,700 units under long-term service
agreements with an average remaining contract life of 10 years. This includes 22 HA-Turbines in RPO and 92 HA-Turbines in the
installed base with over two million operating hours.
RPO December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 December 31, 2021
Equipment $ 12,256 $ 11,561 $ 12,169
Services 59,462 57,420 56,569
Total RPO $ 71,718 $ 68,981 $ 68,738
RPO as of December 31, 2023 increased $2.7 billion (4%) from December 31, 2022, primarily driven by increases in Gas Power
services, Gas Power equipment and Power Conversion equipment, partially offset by decreases due to the impact of expanded
sanctions on Gas Power contractual services in Russia.
SEGMENT REVENUES AND PROFIT 2023 2022 2021
Gas Power $ 13,289 $ 12,072 $ 12,080
Steam Power 2,505 2,643 3,241
Power Conversion, Nuclear and other 1,936 1,547 1,582
Total segment revenues $ 17,731 $ 16,262 $ 16,903
Equipment $ 5,396 $ 4,737 $ 5,035
Services 12,335 11,526 11,868
Total segment revenues $ 17,731 $ 16,262 $ 16,903
Segment profit (loss) $ 1,449 $ 1,217 $ 726
Segment profit margin 8.2 % 7.5 % 4.3 %
CORPORATE. The Corporate amounts related to revenues and earnings include the results of disposed businesses, certain amounts
not included in operating segment results because they are excluded from measurement of their operating performance for internal and
external purposes and the elimination of intersegment activities. In addition, the Corporate amounts related to earnings include certain
costs of our principal retirement plans, significant, higher-cost restructuring programs, separation costs, and other costs reported in
Corporate.
Corporate includes the results of the GE Digital business, the majority of which will be part of GE Vernova, and our remaining financial
services business, including our run-off Insurance operations (see Note 12 for further information).
Adjusted total corporate operating costs* excludes gains (losses) on purchases and sales of business interests, significant, higher-cost
restructuring programs, separation costs, gains (losses) on equity securities, impairments, Russia and Ukraine charges and our run-off
Insurance operations profit. We believe that adjusting corporate costs to exclude the effects of items that are not closely associated with
ongoing corporate operations provides management and investors with a meaningful measure that increases the period-to-period
comparability of our ongoing corporate costs.
For the year ended December 31, 2023, revenues increased by $0.6 billion due to higher revenue in our run-off Insurance operations,
higher revenue in our Digital business and lower intersegment eliminations. Corporate operating profit increased by $6.7 billion due to
$5.7 billion of higher gains on retained and sold ownership interests, primarily related to our AerCap and GE HealthCare investments,
partially offset by the nonrecurrence of prior year gains on our Baker Hughes investment. Corporate operating profit also increased as
the result of the nonrecurrence of a $0.8 billion non-cash impairment charge related to property, plant and equipment and intangible
assets as a result of the reclassification of a portion of our Steam Power business to held for sale in the first quarter of 2022 (see Notes
6 and 7). Corporate operating profit also increased due to $0.1 billion of lower charges from contracts and recoverability of assets in
connection with the conflict between Russia and Ukraine and resulting sanctions, primarily related to our Aerospace and Power
businesses. In addition, Corporate operating profit increased as the result of $0.1 billion of lower restructuring and other charges and
$0.1 billion of higher operating profit in our run-off Insurance operations. These increases were partially offset by $0.3 billion of higher
separation costs.
Adjusted total corporate operating costs* decreased by $0.1 billion primarily driven by favorability from higher bank interest, improved
performance in our Digital business and EFS, and a reduction in our core functional costs. These decreases were partially offset by
higher EHS costs.
INTEREST AND OTHER FINANCIAL CHARGES were $1.1 billion, $1.5 billion and $1.8 billion for the years ended December 31,
2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The decrease was primarily due to lower average borrowings balances, partially offset by a lower
allocation of interest expense to discontinued operations. Inclusive of interest expense in discontinued operations, total interest and
other financial charges were $1.1 billion, $1.7 billion and $2.5 billion for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021,
respectively. The primary components of interest and other financial charges are interest on short- and long-term borrowings.
DEBT EXTINGUISHMENT COSTS were zero, $0.5 billion and $6.5 billion for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and
2021, respectively. No debt tender was executed during 2023.
POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS. Refer to Note 13 for information about our pension and retiree benefit plans.
For the year ended December 31, 2023, the income tax rate was 11.4% compared to 0.4% for the year ended December 31, 2022.
The tax rate for 2023 reflects a tax provision on pre-tax income while the tax rate for 2022 reflects a tax benefit on a pre-tax loss.
The provision (benefit) for income taxes was $1.2 billion and an insignificant benefit for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022,
respectively. The increase in tax was primarily due to the tax effect of the increase in pre-tax income ($1.1 billion) excluding gains and
losses on our retained and sold ownership interests and a decrease in favorable audit resolutions ($0.1 billion). There was an
insignificant tax on the net gains in GE HealthCare, AerCap and Baker Hughes equity in both periods because of tax-free disposition of
GE HealthCare shares and because of available capital losses.
For the year ended December 31, 2023, the adjusted income tax rate* was 24.5% compared to 25.4% for the year ended December
31, 2022. The adjusted provision (benefit) for income taxes* was $1.1 billion in 2023 and $0.4 billion in 2022. The increase in tax was
primarily due to the tax effect of the increase in adjusted earnings before taxes* and a decrease in favorable audit resolutions.
The rate of tax on non-U.S. operations is increased because we have losses in foreign jurisdictions where it is not likely that such
losses can be utilized and therefore no tax benefit is provided for those losses. Non-U.S. losses also limit our ability to claim U.S.
foreign tax credits on certain operations, further increasing the rate of tax on non-U.S. operations. In addition, as part of the Tax Cuts
and Jobs Act of 2017 (U.S. tax reform), the U.S. enacted a minimum tax on foreign earnings (global intangible low taxed income). We
have tangible assets outside the U.S. and pay significant foreign taxes which substantially reduce the U.S. liability on these earnings.
Overall, these factors increase the rate of tax on our non-U.S. operations.
Absent the effect of non-U.S. losses without a tax benefit and additional U.S. tax on global income, non-U.S. operations generally
produce a tax benefit as certain non-U.S. income is subject to local country tax rates that are below the U.S. statutory tax rate.
The rate of tax on our profitable non-U.S. earnings is below the U.S. statutory tax rate because we have significant business operations
subject to tax in countries where the tax on that income is lower than the U.S. statutory rate and because GE funds certain non-U.S.
operations through foreign companies that are subject to low foreign taxes. Most of these earnings have been reinvested in active non-
U.S. business operations. Given U.S. tax reform, substantially all of our net prior unrepatriated earnings were subject to U.S. tax and
accordingly we generally expect to have the ability to repatriate available non-U.S. cash without additional U.S. federal tax cost and any
foreign withholding taxes on a repatriation to the U.S. would potentially be partially offset by a U.S. foreign tax credit. We reassess
reinvestment of earnings on an ongoing basis. In 2023 and 2022, in connection with the execution of the Company’s plans to prepare
for the spin-offs of GE Vernova and GE HealthCare, we incurred an insignificant amount and $0.1 billion of tax, respectively, due to
repatriation of previously reinvested earnings.
A substantial portion of the benefit for lower-taxed non-U.S. earnings related to business operations subject to tax in countries where
the tax on that income is lower than the U.S. statutory rate is derived from our Aerospace operations located in Singapore where the
earnings are primarily taxed at a rate of 8.5% and 8.0% in prior periods and our Power operations located in Switzerland where the
earnings are taxed at a rate between 16.3% and 18.6%.
For the year ended December 31, 2023, the increase in expense from global operations compared to 2022 reflects higher U.S. taxes
on global activities slightly offset by higher income in lower taxed jurisdictions.
A more detailed analysis of differences between the U.S. federal statutory rate and the consolidated effective rate, as well as other
information about our income tax provisions, is provided in the Critical Accounting Estimates section and Note 15.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT. We conduct research and development (R&D) activities to continually enhance our existing
products and services, develop new products and services to meet our customers’ changing needs and requirements, and address new
market opportunities. In addition to funding R&D internally, we also receive funding externally from our customers and partners, which
contributes to the overall R&D for the company.
GE funded Customer and Partner funded(b) Total R&D
2023 2022 2021 2023 2022 2021 2023 2022 2021
Aerospace $ 1,006 $ 806 $ 664 $ 1,309 $ 1,160 $ 972 $ 2,314 $ 1,965 $ 1,637
Renewable Energy 414 519 546 21 22 15 435 540 561
Power 319 299 294 110 83 34 429 383 329
Corporate(a) 168 163 177 156 135 134 324 297 311
Total $ 1,907 $ 1,786 $ 1,682 $ 1,595 $ 1,400 $ 1,156 $ 3,503 $ 3,186 $ 2,837
(a) Includes Global Research Center and Digital business.
(b) Customer funded is principally U.S. Government funded in our Aerospace segment.
DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS primarily comprise our former GE HealthCare business, our mortgage portfolio in Poland (Bank BPH),
our GE Capital Aviation Services (GECAS) business, and other trailing assets and liabilities associated with prior dispositions. Results
of operations, financial position and cash flows for these businesses are reported as discontinued operations for all periods presented
and the notes to the financial statements have been adjusted on a retrospective basis. See Note 2 for further information regarding our
businesses in discontinued operations.
LIQUIDITY POLICY. We maintain a strong focus on liquidity and define our liquidity risk tolerance based on sources and uses to
maintain a sufficient liquidity position to meet our business needs and financial obligations under both normal and stressed conditions.
We believe that our consolidated liquidity and availability under our revolving credit facilities will be sufficient to meet our liquidity needs.
CONSOLIDATED LIQUIDITY. Our primary sources of liquidity consist of cash and cash equivalents, free cash flows* from our
operating businesses, cash generated from asset sales and dispositions, and short-term borrowing facilities, including revolving credit
facilities. Cash generation can be subject to variability based on many factors, including seasonality, receipt of down payments on large
equipment orders, timing of billings on long-term contracts, timing of Aerospace-related customer allowances, market conditions and
our ability to execute dispositions. Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash was $17.0 billion at December 31, 2023, of which
$2.8 billion was held in the U.S. and $14.2 billion was held outside the U.S.
Cash held in non-U.S. entities has generally been reinvested in active foreign business operations; however, substantially all of our
unrepatriated earnings were subject to U.S. federal tax and, if there is a change in reinvestment, we would expect to be able to
repatriate available cash (excluding amounts held in countries with currency controls) without additional federal tax cost. Any foreign
withholding tax on a repatriation to the U.S. may be at least partially offset by a U.S. foreign tax credit. With regards to the separation of
GE HealthCare in January 2023 and the planned separation of GE Aerospace and GE Vernova into independent companies, the
planning for and execution of the separations has impacted and is expected to continue to impact indefinite reinvestment. The impact of
such changes will be recorded when there is a specific change in ability and intent to reinvest earnings.
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at December 31, 2023 included $1.7 billion of cash held in countries with currency control
restrictions (including a total of $0.1 billion in Russia and Ukraine) and $0.4 billion of restricted use cash. Cash held in countries with
currency controls represents amounts held in countries that may restrict the transfer of funds to the U.S. or limit our ability to transfer
funds to the U.S. without incurring substantial costs. Restricted use cash represents amounts that are not available to fund operations,
and primarily comprised funds restricted in connection with certain ongoing litigation matters. Excluded from cash, cash equivalents and
restricted cash was $0.8 billion of cash in our run-off Insurance operations, which was classified as All other assets in the Statement of
Financial Position.
*Non-GAAP Financial Measure
Following approval of a statutory permitted accounting practice in 2018 by our primary insurance regulator, the Kansas Insurance
Department (KID), we provided a total of $13.2 billion of capital contributions to our insurance subsidiaries, including $1.8 billion in the
first quarter of 2023. We expect to provide the final capital contribution of up to $1.8 billion in the first quarter of 2024, pending
completion of our December 31, 2023 statutory reporting process. See Note 12 for further information.
On March 6, 2022, the Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $3 billion of our common stock. In connection with this
authorization, we repurchased 10.6 million shares for $1.1 billion during 2023. Additionally, during 2023, we redeemed our outstanding
shares of GE preferred stock for $5.8 billion.
BORROWINGS. Consolidated total borrowings were $21.0 billion and $24.1 billion at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022,
respectively, a decrease of $3.1 billion. The reduction in borrowings was driven by $3.4 billion of net maturities and repayments of debt.
We have in place committed revolving credit facilities totaling $13.5 billion at December 31, 2023, comprising a $10.0 billion unused
back-up revolving syndicated credit facility and a total of $3.5 billion of bilateral revolving credit facilities.
CREDIT RATINGS AND CONDITIONS. We have relied, and may continue to rely, on the short- and long-term debt capital markets to
fund, among other things, a significant portion of our operations. The cost and availability of debt financing is influenced by our credit
ratings. Moody’s Investors Service (Moody’s), Standard and Poor’s Global Ratings (S&P), and Fitch Ratings (Fitch) currently issue
ratings on our short- and long-term debt. Our credit ratings as of the date of this filing are set forth in the following table.
Moody's S&P Fitch
Outlook Stable Stable Stable
Short term P-2 A-2 F2
Long term Baa1 BBB+ BBB
We are disclosing our credit ratings and any current quarter updates to these ratings to enhance understanding of our sources of
liquidity and the effects of our ratings on our costs of funds and access to liquidity. Our ratings may be subject to a revision or
withdrawal at any time by the assigning rating organization, and each rating should be evaluated independently of any other rating. In
connection with the planned spin-off of GE Vernova, rating agencies are reviewing ratings for both GE Vernova and GE Aerospace. For
a description of some of the potential consequences of a reduction in our credit ratings, see the Financial Risks section of Risk Factors.
Substantially all of the Company's debt agreements in place at December 31, 2023 do not contain material credit rating covenants. Our
unused back-up revolving syndicated credit facility and certain of our bilateral revolving credit facilities contain a customary net debt-to-
EBITDA financial covenant, which we satisfied at December 31, 2023.
The Company may from time to time enter into agreements that contain minimum ratings requirements. The following table provides a
summary of the maximum estimated liquidity impact in the event of further downgrades below each stated ratings level.
Our most significant contractual ratings requirements are related to ordinary course commercial activities. The timing within the quarter
of the potential liquidity impact of these areas may differ, as can the remedies to resolving any potential breaches of required ratings
levels.
FOREIGN EXCHANGE AND INTEREST RATE RISK. As a result of our global operations, we generate and incur a significant portion
of our revenues and expenses in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Such principal currencies include the euro, the Chinese
renminbi, the British pound sterling and the Indian rupee, among others. The effects of foreign currency fluctuations on earnings were
$0.2 billion, $0.1 billion and 0.1 billion for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 and 2021, respectively. See Note 22 for further
information about our risk exposures, our use of derivatives, and the effects of this activity on our financial statements.
Exchange rate and interest rate risks are managed with a variety of techniques, including selective use of derivatives. We apply policies
to manage each of these risks, including prohibitions on speculative activities. It is our policy to minimize currency exposures and to
conduct operations either within functional currencies or using the protection of hedge strategies. To assess exposure to interest rate
risk, we apply a +/- 100 basis points change in interest rates and keep that in place for the next 12 months. To assess exposure to
currency risk of assets and liabilities denominated in other than their functional currencies, we evaluated the effect of a 10% shift in
exchange rates against the U.S. dollar (USD). The analyses indicated that our 2023 consolidated net earnings would decline by $0.1
and $0.2 billion for interest rate risk and for foreign exchange risk, respectively.
Cash from operating activities was $5.6 billion in 2023, an increase of $1.5 billion compared to 2022, primarily due to: an increase in
net income (after adjusting for depreciation of property plant and equipment, amortization of intangible assets, non-cash (gains) losses
related to our retained and sold ownership interests in GE HealthCare, AerCap and Baker Hughes and the nonrecurrence of non-
operating debt extinguishment costs) primarily in our Aerospace business. The components of All other operating activities were as
follows:
Cash from investing activities was $6.9 billion in 2023, a decrease of $4.0 billion compared to 2022, primarily due to: lower cash
received related to net settlements between our continuing operations and businesses in discontinued operations of $7.1 billion, which
primarily related to GE HealthCare in connection with the spin-off in 2023 partially offset by the nonrecurrence of a capital contribution
to Bank BPH in 2022 (both components of All other investing activities); the acquisition of Nexus Controls in our Power business of $0.3
billion in 2023; partially offset by an increase in proceeds of $4.3 billion from the disposition of our retained ownership interests in GE
HealthCare, AerCap and Baker Hughes. Cash used for additions to property, plant and equipment and internal-use software, which are
components of free cash flows*, was $1.6 billion and $1.2 billion in 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Cash used for financing activities was $10.6 billion in 2023, a decrease of $3.1 billion compared to 2022, primarily due to: the
nonrecurrence of cash paid to repurchase long-term debt of $6.9 billion including cash received of $0.3 billion related to debt
extinguishment costs, excluding a non-cash debt basis adjustment of $(0.8) billion; net cash received on derivatives hedging foreign
currency debt of $0.1 billion in 2023 compared to net cash paid of $0.6 billion in 2022 (a component of All other financing activities);
lower net debt maturities of $0.5 billion; nonrecurrence of the settlement of Concept Laser GmbH's interest in an Aerospace
technology joint venture of $0.2 billion (a component of All other financing activities); partially offset by higher cash paid for redemption
of GE preferred stock of $5.7 billion.
Cash used for investing activities of discontinued operations was $3.0 billion in 2023, a decrease of $5.7 billion compared with
2022, primarily driven by lower net settlements between our discontinued operations and businesses in continuing operations of $7.1
billion partially offset by the deconsolidation of GE HealthCare cash and equivalents of $1.8 billion.
Cash from financing activities of discontinued operations was $2.0 billion in 2023, a decrease of $6.1 billion compared with 2022,
primarily driven by lower long-term debt issuances at GE HealthCare in connection with the spin-off of $6.3 billion.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES. Accounting estimates and assumptions discussed in this section are those that we
consider to be the most critical to an understanding of our financial statements because they involve significant judgments and
uncertainties. Actual results in these areas could differ from management's estimates. See Note 1 for further information on our most
significant accounting policies.
REVENUE RECOGNITION ON LONG-TERM SERVICES AGREEMENTS. We have long-term service agreements with our customers
predominately within our Power and Aerospace segments that require us to maintain the customers’ assets over the contract terms,
which generally range from 5 to 25 years. However, contract modifications that extend or revise contracts are not uncommon. We
recognize revenue as we perform under the arrangements using the percentage of completion method which is based on our costs
incurred to date relative to our estimate of total expected costs. This requires us to make estimates of customer payments expected to
be received over the contract term as well as the costs to perform required maintenance services.
Customers generally pay us based on the utilization of the asset (per hour of usage for example) or upon the occurrence of a major
event within the contract such as an overhaul or major outage. As a result, a significant estimate in determining expected revenues of a
contract is estimating how customers will utilize their assets over the term of the agreement. The estimate of utilization, which can
change over the contract life, impacts both the amount of customer payments we expect to receive and our estimate of future contract
costs. Customers’ asset utilization will influence the timing and extent of overhauls and other service events over the life of the contract.
We generally use a combination of both historical utilization trends as well as forward-looking information such as market conditions
and potential asset retirements in developing our revenue estimates.
To develop our cost estimates, we consider the timing and extent of future maintenance and overhaul events, including the amount and
cost of labor, spare parts and other resources required to perform the services. In developing our cost estimates, we utilize a
combination of our historical cost experience and expected cost improvements. Cost improvements are only included in future cost
estimates after savings have been observed in actual results or proven effective through an extensive regulatory or engineering
approval process.
We regularly assess expected billings adjustments and customer credit risk inherent in the carrying amounts of receivables and contract
assets, including the risk that contractual penalties may not be sufficient to offset our accumulated investment in the event of customer
termination. We gain insight into future utilization and cost trends, as well as credit risk, through our knowledge of the installed base of
equipment and fleet management strategies through close interaction with our customers that comes with supplying critical services
and parts over extended periods. Revisions may affect a long-term services agreement’s total estimated profitability resulting in an
adjustment of earnings.
On December 31, 2023, our net long-term service agreements balance of $(2.1) billion represents approximately (1.0)% of our total
estimated life of contract billings of $215.3 billion. Our contracts (on average) are approximately 19.5% complete based on costs
incurred to date and our estimate of future costs. Revisions to our estimates of future billings or costs that increase or decrease total
estimated contract profitability by one percentage point would increase or decrease the long-term service agreements balance by $0.4
billion. Billings collected on these contracts were $13.2 billion and $11.7 billion during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022,
respectively. See Notes 1 and 8 for further information.
IMPAIRMENT OF GOODWILL AND OTHER IDENTIFIED INTANGIBLE ASSETS. Goodwill is subject to annual, or more frequent, if
necessary, impairment testing. In the impairment test, the fair value is estimated utilizing a discounted cash flow approach utilizing cash
flow forecasts, including strategic and annual operating plans, adjusted for terminal value assumptions, or a market approach, when
available and appropriate, utilizing market observable pricing multiples of similar businesses and comparable transactions, or both.
These impairment tests involve the use of accounting estimates and assumptions, and changes to those assumptions could materially
impact our financial condition or operating performance if actual results differ from such estimates and assumptions. To address this
uncertainty, we perform sensitivity analyses on key estimates and assumptions. Once the fair value is determined, if the carrying
amount exceeds the fair value, it is impaired.
We review identified intangible assets with defined useful lives and subject to amortization for impairment whenever events or changes
in circumstances indicate that the related carrying amounts may not be recoverable. Determining whether an impairment loss has
occurred requires the use of our internal forecast to estimate future cash flows and the useful life over which these cash flows will occur.
To determine fair value, we use our internal cash flow estimates discounted at an appropriate discount rate. See Notes 1 and 7 for
further information.
INSURANCE AND INVESTMENT CONTRACTS. Refer to the Other Items - Insurance section for further discussion of the accounting
estimates and assumptions in our insurance reserves and their sensitivity to change. See Notes 1 and 12 for further information.
PENSION ASSUMPTIONS. Refer to Note 13 for our accounting estimates and assumptions related to our postretirement benefit plans.
INCOME TAXES. Our annual tax rate is based on our income, statutory tax rates and tax planning opportunities available to us in the
various jurisdictions in which we operate. Tax laws are complex and subject to different interpretations by the taxpayer and respective
governmental taxing authorities. Significant judgment is required in determining our tax expense and in evaluating our tax positions,
including evaluating uncertainties. We review our tax positions quarterly and adjust the balances as new information becomes available.
Our income tax rate is significantly affected by the tax rate on our global operations. In addition to local country tax laws and
regulations, this rate can depend on the extent earnings are indefinitely reinvested outside the U.S. Historically U.S. taxes were due
upon repatriation of foreign earnings. Due to the enactment of U.S. tax reform in 2017, repatriations of available cash from foreign
earnings are expected to be free of U.S. federal income tax but may incur withholding, with a potential U.S. tax credit offset, or state
taxes. Indefinite reinvestment is determined by management’s judgment about and intentions concerning the future operations of the
Company. Most of these earnings have been reinvested in active non-U.S. business operations. We reassess reinvestment of earnings
on an ongoing basis. In 2023 and 2022, in connection with the execution of the Company's plans to prepare for the spin-off of GE
Vernova and GE HealthCare, we incurred an insignificant amount and $0.1 billion of tax, respectively, due to repatriation of previously
reinvested earnings.
We evaluate the recoverability of deferred income tax assets by assessing the adequacy of future expected taxable income from all
sources, including reversal of taxable temporary differences, forecasted operating earnings and available tax planning strategies, which
heavily rely on estimates. We use our historical experience and our short- and long-range business forecasts to provide insight. Further,
our global and diversified business portfolio gives us the opportunity to employ various prudent and feasible tax planning strategies to
facilitate the recoverability of future deductions. Amounts recorded for deferred tax assets related to non-U.S. net operating losses, net
of valuation allowances, were $1.0 billion and $1.3 billion at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Of this, an insignificant amount
at December 31, 2023 and $0.4 billion at December 31, 2022, were associated with losses reported in discontinued operations,
primarily related to our GE HealthCare and legacy financial services businesses. See Other Consolidated Information – Income Taxes
section and Notes 1 and 15 for further information.
OTHER ITEMS
INSURANCE. The run-off insurance operations of North American Life and Health (NALH) include Employers Reassurance Corporation
(ERAC) and Union Fidelity Life Insurance Company (UFLIC). ERAC primarily assumed long-term care insurance and life insurance
from numerous cedents under various types of reinsurance treaties and stopped accepting new policies after 2008. UFLIC primarily
assumed long-term care insurance, structured settlement annuities with and without life contingencies and variable annuities from
Genworth Financial Inc. (Genworth) and has been closed to new business since 2004.
On January 1, 2023, we adopted ASU No. 2018-12, Financial Services – Insurance (Topic 944): Targeted Improvements to the
Accounting for Long-Duration Contracts (ASU 2018-12). See Capital Resources and Liquidity and Notes 1, 3 and 12 for further
information related to our run-off insurance operations.
Structured settlement annuities. We reinsure approximately 24,600 structured settlement annuities with an average attained age of 56.
These structured settlement annuities were primarily underwritten on impaired lives (i.e., shorter-than-average life expectancies) at
origination and have projected payments extending decades into the future. Our primary risks associated with these contracts include
mortality (i.e., life expectancy or longevity), mortality improvement (i.e., assumed rate that mortality is expected to reduce over time),
which may extend the duration of payments on life contingent contracts beyond our estimates, and reinvestment risk (i.e., a low interest
rate environment). Unlike long-term care insurance, structured settlement annuities offer no ability to require additional premiums or
reduce benefits.
Critical Accounting Estimates. Our insurance reserves include the following key accounting estimates and assumptions described
below.
Future policy benefit reserves. Future policy benefit reserves represent the present value of future benefits to be paid to or on behalf of
policyholders and related expenses less the present value of future net premiums and are estimated based on actuarial assumptions
such as mortality, morbidity, terminations, and expenses. The liability is measured for each group of contracts (i.e., cohorts) using
current cash flow assumptions.
We regularly monitor emerging experience in our run-off insurance operations and industry developments to identify trends that may
help us refine our reserve assumptions. We review at least annually in the third quarter, future policy benefit reserves cash flow
assumptions, except related claim expenses which remain locked-in, and if the review concludes that the assumptions need to be
updated, future policy benefit reserves are adjusted retroactively based on the revised net premium ratio using actual historical
experience, updated cash flow assumptions, and the locked-in discount rate with the effect of those changes recognized in current
period earnings. Our annual review procedures include updating certain experience studies since our last completed review,
independent actuarial analysis (principally on long-term care insurance exposures) and review of industry benchmarks. The review of
experience and assumptions is a comprehensive and complex process that depends on a number of factors, many of which are
interdependent and require evaluation individually and in the aggregate across all insurance products. The vast majority of our run-off
insurance operations consists of reinsurance from multiple ceding insurance entities pursuant to treaties having complex terms and
conditions. The review relies on claim and policy information provided by these ceding entities and considers the reinsurance treaties
and underlying policies. In order to utilize that information for purposes of completing experience studies covering all key assumptions,
we perform detailed procedures to conform and validate the data received from the ceding entities. Our long-term care insurance
portfolio includes coverage where credible claim experience for higher attained ages is still emerging, and to the extent future
experience deviates from current expectations, new projections of claim costs extending over the expected life of the policies may be
required. Significant uncertainties exist in making projections for these long-term care insurance contracts, which requires that we
consider a wide range of possible outcomes.
The primary cash flow assumptions used in the annual review include:
Morbidity. Morbidity assumptions used in estimating future policy benefit reserves are based on estimates of expected incidences of
disability among policyholders and the costs associated with these policyholders asserting claims under their contracts, and these
estimates account for any expected future morbidity improvement. For long-term care insurance exposures, estimating expected future
costs includes assessments of incidence (probability of a claim), utilization (amount of available benefits expected to be incurred) and
continuance (how long the claim will last, including claim terminations due to death or recovery).
Rate of Change in Morbidity. Our review incorporates our best estimates of projected future changes in the morbidity rates reflected in
our base claim incidence rates. These estimates draw upon a number of inputs, some of which are subjective, and all of which are
interpreted and applied in the exercise of professional actuarial judgment in the context of the characteristics specific to our portfolios.
This exercise of actuarial judgment considers factors such as the work performed by internal and external independent actuarial experts
engaged to advise us in our annual review, the observed actual experience in our portfolios measured against our base assumptions,
industry developments, and other trends, including advances in the state of medical care and healthcare technology development.
Terminations. Terminations include active life mortality and lapse. Mortality assumptions used in estimating future policy benefit
reserves are based on published mortality tables as adjusted for the results of our experience studies and estimates of expected future
mortality improvement. Lapse refers to the rate at which the underlying policies are cancelled due to non-payment of premiums by a
policyholder. Lapse rate assumptions used in estimating the present value of future policy benefit reserves are based on the results of
our experience studies and reflect actuarial judgment.
Future long-term care premium rate increases. Substantially all long-term care insurance policies that are currently premium paying
allow the issuing insurance entity to increase premiums, or alternatively allow the policyholder the option to decrease benefits, with
approval by state regulators, should actual experience emerge worse than what was projected when such policies were initially
underwritten. As a reinsurer, we rely upon the primary insurers that issued the underlying policies to file proposed premium rate
increases on those policies with the relevant state insurance regulators. While we have no direct ability to seek or to institute such
premium rate increases, we often collaborate with the primary insurers in accordance with reinsurance contractual terms to file
proposed premium rate increases. The amount of times that rate increases have occurred varies by ceding company. We consider
recent experience of rate increase filings made by our ceding companies along with state insurance regulatory processes and
precedents in establishing our current expectations.
Sensitivities. The following table provides sensitivities with respect to the impact of changes of key cash flow assumptions underlying
our future policy benefit reserves using the locked-in discount rate assumption and have been estimated across the entire product line
rather than at an individual cohort level. As our insurance operations are in run-off, the locked-in discount rate is used for the
computation of interest accretion on future policy benefit reserves. Many of our assumptions, which are based on our credible
experience, are interdependent and require evaluation individually and in the aggregate across all insurance products. Small changes in
the amounts used in the sensitivities could result in materially different outcomes from those reflected below. In addition, the effects of
changes to cash flow assumptions underlying our future policy benefit reserves may be partially or wholly reflected in the period in
which the assumptions are changed and/or over future periods and may vary across cohorts.
Estimated adverse impact to
projected present value of future
cash flows
Assumption Hypothetical change in 2023 assumption (In millions, pre-tax)
Morbidity:
Long-term care insurance incidence rates 5% increase in incidence rates $600
Long-term care insurance claim continuance 5% reduction in disabled life deaths $1,200
Long-term care insurance utilization 5% increase in utilization $1,100
Long-term care insurance morbidity improvement 25 basis point reduction by age with 0% floor $300
No morbidity improvement $1,300
Active life terminations:
Long-term care insurance mortality 5% reduction in mortality $300
Long-term care insurance future premium rate 25% adverse change in success rate on premium $200
increases rate increase actions not yet approved
Life insurance mortality 5% increase in mortality $300
Structured settlement annuity mortality Impaired life mortality grades to standard ten $300
years earlier
While higher assumed inflation, holding all other assumptions constant, would result in unfavorable impacts to the projected present
value of future cash flows in the table above, it would be expected to be mitigated by more long-term care insurance policies reaching
contractual daily or monthly benefit caps and by increased investment income from higher portfolio yields.
Our run-off insurance subsidiaries are required to prepare statutory financial statements in accordance with statutory accounting
practices. Statutory accounting practices are set forth by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners as well as state laws,
regulation and general administrative rules and can differ in certain respects from GAAP and would result in several of the sensitivities
described in the table above being less impactful on our statutory reserves.
See Capital Resources and Liquidity and Notes 1, 3 and 12 for further information related to our run-off insurance operations.
PARENT COMPANY CREDIT SUPPORT. To support GE Vernova in selling products and services globally, GE often enters into
contracts on behalf of GE Vernova or issues parent company guarantees or trade finance instruments supporting the performance of
what currently are subsidiary legal entities transacting directly with customers, in addition to providing similar credit support for non-
customer related activities of GE Vernova (collectively, “GE credit support”). In preparation for the spin-off, we are working to seek
novation or assignment of GE credit support, the majority of which relates to parent company guarantees, associated with GE Vernova
legal entities from GE to GE Vernova. For GE credit support that remains outstanding at the spin-off, GE Vernova will be obligated to
use reasonable best efforts to terminate or replace, and obtain a full release of GE’s obligations and liabilities under, all such credit
support. Beginning in 2025, GE Vernova will pay a quarterly fee to GE based on amounts related to the GE credit support. GE Vernova
will face other contractual restrictions and requirements while GE continues to be obligated under such credit support on behalf of GE
Vernova. While GE will remain obligated under the contract or instrument, GE Vernova will be obligated to indemnify GE for credit
support related payments that GE is required to make.
Upon separation, we expect GE Vernova RPO and other obligations that relate to GE credit support to be approximately $65 billion, of
which approximately $33 billion and $32 billion relate to our Power and Renewable Energy segments, respectively, and approximately
$20 billion of the total relates to long-term and other service agreements. Of the Power and Renewable Energy amounts, $15 billion for
both segments, respectively, are expected to contractually mature within five years. GE’s maximum aggregate exposure under the GE
credit support cannot be reasonably estimated given the breadth of the portfolio across each of the GE Vernova businesses. The
underlying obligations are predominantly customer contracts that GE Vernova performs in the course of its business. We have no
known instances historically where payments or performance from GE were required under parent company guarantees relating to GE
Vernova customer contracts. The fair value of GE Vernova’s obligation to indemnify GE post spin-off is not expected to be significant
primarily due to the low probability of loss.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The
amendments require disclosure of specific categories in the rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items
that meet a quantitative threshold and further disaggregation of income taxes paid for individually significant jurisdictions. The ASU is
effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact that
this guidance will have on the disclosures within our consolidated financial statements.
NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES. We believe that presenting non-GAAP financial measures provides management and
investors useful measures to evaluate performance and trends of the total company and its businesses. This includes adjustments in
recent periods to GAAP financial measures to increase period-to-period comparability following actions to strengthen our overall
financial position and how we manage our business. In addition, management recognizes that certain non-GAAP terms may be
interpreted differently by other companies under different circumstances. In various sections of this report we have made reference to
the following non-GAAP financial measures in describing our (1) revenues, specifically organic revenues by segment; organic revenues;
and equipment and services organic revenues and (2) profit, specifically organic profit and profit margin by segment; Adjusted profit and
profit margin; Adjusted organic profit and profit margin; Adjusted earnings (loss); Adjusted income tax rate; and Adjusted earnings (loss)
per share (EPS). The reasons we use these non-GAAP financial measures and the reconciliations to their most directly comparable
GAAP financial measures follow.
$300
$287
$200 $207
$200
$156 $164
$154 $174
$164 $194
$144 $164
$100 $131 $150 $146
$100 $100 $129
$100
$0
2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
The annual changes for the five-year period shown in the above graph are based on the assumption that $100 had been invested in
General Electric common stock, the Standard & Poor’s 500 Stock Index (S&P 500) and the Standard & Poor’s 500 Industrials Stock
Index (S&P Industrial) on December 31, 2018, and that all quarterly dividends were reinvested. The cumulative dollar returns shown on
the graph represent the value that such investments would have had on December 31 for each year indicated. The historical data in the
chart has been adjusted to reflect the impact of the spin-off of GE HealthCare completed in the first quarter of 2023.
With respect to “Market Information,” in the United States, General Electric common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange
under the ticker symbol "GE" (its principal market). General Electric common stock is also listed on the London Stock Exchange,
Euronext Paris and the SIX Swiss Exchange.
As of January 15, 2024, there were approximately 260,000 shareholder accounts of record.
PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS. On March 6, 2022, the Board of
Directors authorized up to $3 billion of common share repurchases. We repurchased 2,168 thousand shares for $253 million during the
three months ended December 31, 2023 under this authorization.
Approximate dollar
value of shares that
Total number of may yet be
shares purchased purchased under
as part of our share our share
Total number of Average price paid repurchase repurchase
2023 (Shares in thousands) shares purchased per share authorization authorization
October 766 $ 110.30 766
November 1,160 116.69 838
December 563 124.66 563
Total 2,489 $ 116.53 2,168 $ 938
CYBERSECURITY. The description in this section reflects GE’s approach as of December 31, 2023; we anticipate that, following
the planned spin-off of our GE Vernova businesses, each of GE Aerospace and GE Vernova will continue to evolve their cybersecurity
risk management, strategies and governance to meet their respective needs as standalone companies.
CYBERSECURITY RISK MANAGEMENT AND STRATEGY. GE has developed and implemented a cybersecurity framework intended
to assess, identify and manage risks from threats to the security of our information, systems, products and network using a risk-based
approach. The framework is informed in part by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Cybersecurity Framework
and International Organization for Standardization 27001 (ISO 27001) Framework, although this does not imply that we meet all
technical standards, specifications or requirements under the NIST or ISO 27001.
We also consider cybersecurity, along with other top risks for GE, within our enterprise risk management framework. The enterprise risk
management framework includes internal reporting at the business and enterprise levels, with consideration of key risk indicators,
trends and countermeasures for cybersecurity and other types of significant risks. In the last fiscal year, we have not identified risks
from known cybersecurity threats, including as a result of any prior cybersecurity incidents, that have materially affected us, including
our operations, business strategy, results of operations, cash flow or financial condition. We face certain ongoing risks from
cybersecurity threats—including heightened threats in connection with the separation of GE HealthCare in January 2023 and the
planned separation of GE Aerospace and GE Vernova into independent companies—that, if realized, are reasonably likely to materially
affect us, including our operations, business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition. Refer to the Risk Factors section
(Cybersecurity - Increased cybersecurity requirements, vulnerabilities, threats and more sophisticated and targeted computer crime, as
well as cybersecurity failures, pose risk to our systems, networks, products, solutions, services and data..) for additional information
about these risks.
CYBERSECURITY GOVERNANCE. The Audit Committee of the GE Board of Directors is responsible for board-level oversight of
cybersecurity risk, and the Audit Committee reports back to the full Board about this and other areas within its responsibility. As part of
its oversight role, the Audit Committee receives reporting about GE’s practices, programs, notable threats or incidents and other
developments related to cybersecurity throughout the year, including through periodic updates from GE’s Global Chief Information
Security Officer (CISO) and other internal digital technology and cybersecurity leaders on cyber threats and our cybersecurity risk
management strategy. The Audit Committee also receives information about cybersecurity risks as part of GE’s enterprise risk
management framework and reporting.
GE’s Global CISO reports to GE’s Global Chief Information Officer and leads the Company’s overall cybersecurity function. The Global
CISO has over 20 years of experience in managing and leading IT or cybersecurity teams and participates in various cyber security
organizations. The Global CISO collaborates with business unit CISOs to identify and analyze cybersecurity risks to GE; consider
industry trends; implement controls, as appropriate and feasible, to mitigate these risks; and enable business leaders to make risk-
based business decisions that implicate cybersecurity considerations. The Global CISO meets with senior leadership to review and
discuss GE’s cybersecurity program, including emerging cyber risks, threats and industry trends. The Global CISO also supervises
efforts to prevent, detect, mitigate, and remediate cybersecurity risks and incidents through various means, including by collaborating
with internal security personnel and business stakeholders, and incorporating threat intelligence and other information obtained from
governmental, public or private sources to inform our cybersecurity technologies and processes.
RISK FACTORS. The following discussion of the material factors, events and uncertainties that may make an investment in the
Company speculative or risky contains "forward-looking statements," as discussed in the Forward-Looking Statements section. These
risk factors may be important to understanding any statement in this report or elsewhere. The risks described below should not be
considered a complete list of potential risks that we face, and additional risks not currently known to us or that we currently consider
immaterial may also negatively impact us. The following information should be read in conjunction with the MD&A section and the
consolidated financial statements and related notes. The risks we describe in this report or in our other SEC filings could, in ways we
may not be able to accurately predict, recognize or control, have a material adverse effect on our business, reputation, financial
position, results of operations, cash flows and stock price, and they could cause our future results to be materially different than we
presently anticipate.
STRATEGIC RISKS. Strategic risk relates to the Company's future business plans and strategies, including the risks associated with:
our planned separation of GE Aerospace and GE Vernova into independent companies; the global macro-environment and conditions in
our sectors; the global energy transition; competitive threats; the demand for our products and services and the success of our
Strategic plan - We may encounter challenges to executing our plan to separate GE Aerospace and GE Vernova into
independent companies, or to completing the plan within the timeframes we anticipate, and we may not realize some or all of
the expected benefits of the separations. In November 2021, we announced our plan to form three independent public companies
from our (i) Aerospace business, (ii) HealthCare business and (iii) portfolio of energy businesses, including our Renewable Energy and
Power businesses, which we plan to combine and refer to as GE Vernova, to better position those businesses to deliver long-term
growth and create value for customers, investors, and employees. The GE HealthCare business separation in January 2023 was, and
the planned GE Vernova business separation is expected to be, effected through spin-offs by GE that are intended to be tax-free for the
Company and its shareholders for U.S. federal income tax purposes and with all three resulting companies having investment-grade
credit ratings. The GE Vernova separation transaction will be subject to the satisfaction of a number of customary conditions, including,
among others, final approvals by GE’s Board of Directors, receipt of tax rulings in certain jurisdictions and/or tax opinions from external
counsel, the filing with the SEC and effectiveness of a Form 10 registration statement, and establishment of the capital structures and
credit ratings for both GE Vernova and the remainder of GE following the spin-off. A failure to satisfy required conditions, or disruptions
in market conditions, could delay the completion of the GE Vernova separation transaction for a significant period of time or prevent it
from occurring at all. Additionally, the GE Vernova separation transaction is complex in nature, and business, market or other
developments or changes may affect our ability to complete the separation transaction as currently expected, within the anticipated
timeframe or at all. These or other developments could cause us not to realize some or all of the expected benefits, or to realize them
on a different timeline than expected. If we are unable to complete the GE Vernova separation, we will have incurred costs without
realizing the benefits of such transaction. In addition, the terms and conditions of the required regulatory authorizations and consents
that are granted, if any, may impose requirements, limitations or costs, or place restrictions on the conduct of GE Vernova or GE
Aerospace as independent companies. In addition, although we intend for the GE Vernova separation transaction to be tax-free to the
Company and its shareholders for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we expect to incur non-U.S. cash taxes on the preparatory
restructuring and may also incur non-cash tax expense including potential impairments of deferred tax assets. Moreover, there can be
no assurance that the GE Vernova spin-off will qualify as tax-free for U.S. purposes for the Company or its shareholders. If either of the
separation transactions were ultimately determined to be taxable, we would incur a significant tax liability, while the distributions to the
Company’s shareholders would become taxable and the new independent companies might incur income tax liabilities as well.
Furthermore, there can be no assurance that each separate company will be successful as a standalone public company.
Whether or not the GE Vernova separation transaction is completed, our businesses may face material challenges in connection with
executing this plan, including the diversion of management’s attention from ongoing business concerns and impact on the businesses
of the Company; appropriately allocating assets and liabilities among GE Aerospace and GE Vernova; maintaining employee morale
and retaining and attracting key management and other employees; retaining existing or attracting new business and operational
relationships, including with customers, suppliers, employees and other counterparties; assigning customer contracts, guaranties and
other contracts and instruments to each of the businesses, and obtaining releases from the counterparties to those contracts or
beneficiaries of those instruments as required; providing financial or credit support for new business; assigning intellectual property to
each of the businesses; establishing transition service agreements and standalone readiness for key functions; and potential negative
reactions from investors or the financial community. In particular, to support the GE Vernova businesses in selling products and services
globally, GE often enters into contracts on behalf of GE Vernova or issues parent company guarantees or trade finance instruments
supporting the performance of what currently are subsidiary legal entities transacting directly with customers, in addition to providing
similar credit support for some non-customer-related activities of GE Vernova (collectively, GE credit support). For GE credit support
that is not novated to GE Vernova with a release of GE, the failure of GE Vernova (or of a subsequent acquiror of all or a portion of GE
Vernova's business) to perform under any relevant contract following the spin-off could result in claims for damages or other relief
against GE. The total amount of GE Vernova business that the GE credit support relates to is significant, and GE will likely continue to
have exposure that is based on the continued performance of the relevant contracts for some years following completion of the spin-off.
See the Other Items - Parent Company Credit Support section within MD&A for additional information. In addition, GE for the past
several years has been undertaking various restructuring and business transformation actions (including workforce reductions, global
facility consolidations and other cost reduction initiatives and the GE HealthCare separation) that have entailed changes across our
organizational structure, senior leadership, culture, functional alignment, outsourcing and other areas. These pose risks in the form of
personnel capacity constraints and institutional knowledge loss that could lead to missed performance or financial targets, loss of key
personnel and harm to our reputation, and these risks are heightened with the additional interdependent actions that have been and will
continue to be needed to complete the planned separation of GE Vernova.
Moreover, completion of the GE HealthCare separation resulted, and completion of the GE Vernova separation will result, in
independent public companies that are smaller, less diversified companies with more limited businesses concentrated in their
respective industries than GE was prior to the separation transactions. As a result, each company will be more vulnerable to global
economic trends, geopolitical risks, demand or supply shocks, and changing industry or market conditions, which could have a material
adverse effect on its business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations. In addition, the diversification of revenues,
costs, and cash flows will diminish, such that each company’s results of operations, cash flows, working capital, effective tax rate, and
financing requirements may be subject to increased volatility and its ability to execute capital allocation plans, fund capital expenditures
and investments, pay dividends and meet debt obligations and other liabilities may be diminished. Each of the separate companies will
also incur ongoing costs, including costs of operating as independent public companies, that the separated businesses will no longer be
able to share. Additionally, we cannot predict whether at the time of separation or over time the market value of our common stock and
the common stock of each of the new independent companies after the separation transactions will be, in the aggregate, less than,
equal to or greater than the market value of our common stock prior to the separation transactions. Investors holding our common stock
Global macro-environment - Our financial performance and growth are subject to risks related to global economic, political
and geopolitical developments or other disruptions to the economy or our business sectors. We operate in virtually every part of
the world, serve customers in over 160 countries and received 57% of our revenues for 2023 from outside the United States. Our
operations and the execution of our business plans and strategies are subject to the effects of global economic trends, geopolitical risks
and demand or supply shocks from events such as war or international conflict, a major terrorist attack, natural disasters or actual or
threatened public health pandemics or other emergencies. Our operations and performance are also affected by local and regional
economic environments, supply chain constraints and policies in the U.S. and other markets that we serve, including factors such as
inflationary pressures in many markets, increased interest rates from recent historic lows, economic growth rates, the availability of
skilled labor, monetary policy, exchange rates and currency volatility, commodity prices and sovereign debt levels. For example,
inflationary pressures have caused and may continue to cause many of our material and labor costs to increase, which adversely
affects our profitability and cash flows, particularly when we are unable to increase customer contract values or pricing to offset those
pressures. Deterioration of economic conditions or outlooks, such as lower rates of investment, lower economic growth, recession or
fears of recession in the U.S., China, Europe or other key markets, may adversely affect the demand for or profitability of our products
and services, and the impact from developments outside the U.S. on our business performance can be significant given the extent of
our global activities. Increased geopolitical tensions and outbreaks of armed conflict can also adversely impact our businesses, both
directly or by adversely affecting economic activity globally or in particular regions or countries. For example, Russia’s invasion of
Ukraine in early 2022 and related political and economic consequences, such as sanctions and other measures imposed by the
European Union, the U.S. and other countries and organizations in response, have caused and may continue to cause disruption and
instability in global markets, supply chains and industries that negatively impact our businesses, financial condition and results of
operations and pose reputational risks. More recently, there is risk of wider conflict in the Middle East that could have significant
adverse impacts on the region and business activity in addition to the humanitarian and other consequences of the current conflict. In
addition, political changes and trends such as populism, protectionism, economic nationalism and sentiment toward multinational
companies, as well as tariffs, export controls, restrictions on outbound investment or other trade barriers, sanctions, technical or local
content regulations, currency controls, or changes to tax or other laws and policies, have been and may continue to be disruptive and
costly to our businesses. These can interfere with our global operating model, supply chain, production costs, customer relationships
and competitive position. Further escalation of any specific trade tensions, including intensified decoupling between the U.S. and China,
or in global trade conflict more broadly could be harmful to global economic growth or to our business in or with China or other
countries. We also do business in many emerging market jurisdictions where economic, political and legal risks are heightened and the
operating environments are complex.
Energy transition - The strategic priorities and financial performance of many of our businesses are subject to market and
other dynamics related to efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, which can pose risks in addition to opportunities.
Given the nature of our businesses and the industries we serve, we must anticipate and respond to market, technological, regulatory
and other changes driven by broader trends related to greenhouse gas emission reduction efforts in response to climate change and
energy security. These changes present both risks and opportunities for our businesses, many of which provide products and services
to customers in sectors like power generation and commercial aviation that have historically been carbon intensive and we expect will
remain important to efforts globally to lower greenhouse gas emissions for decades to come. For example, the significant decreases in
recent years in the levelized cost of energy for renewable sources of power generation (such as wind and solar), along with ongoing
changes in government, investor, customer and consumer policies, commitments, preferences and considerations related to climate
change, in some cases have adversely affected, and may continue to affect, the demand for and the competitiveness of products and
services related to fossil fuel-based power generation, including sales of new gas turbines and the utilization and servicing needs for
existing gas power plants that are unmitigated with capabilities such as hydrogen or carbon capture. Continued shifts toward greater
penetration by renewables in both new capacity additions and the proportionate share of power generation, particularly depending on
the pace and timeframe for such shifts across different markets globally, could have a material adverse effect on the performance of our
Power business and our consolidated results. While the currently anticipated market growth and power generation share for renewable
energy is expected to be favorable for our wind businesses over time, we face uncertainties related to future levels and timeframes of
government subsidies and credits (including the impact of the Inflation Reduction Act and other policies), significant price competition
among wind equipment manufacturers, dynamics between onshore and offshore wind power, potential further consolidation in the wind
industry, competition with solar power-based and other sources of renewable energy and the pace at which power grids are modernized
to maintain reliability with higher levels of renewables penetration. The achievement of deep decarbonization goals for the power sector
over the coming decades is likely to depend in part on technologies that are not yet deployed or widely adopted today but that may
become more important over time (such as hydrogen-based power generation, carbon capture and sequestration technologies, small
modular or other advanced nuclear power and grid-scale batteries or other storage solutions). Successfully navigating these changes
will require significant investments in power grids and other infrastructure, research and development and new technology and
products, both by GE and third parties. Similar dynamics exist in the aviation sector, where greenhouse gas emission reduction over
time will require a combination of continued technological innovation in the fuel efficiency of engines, expanded use of sustainable
aviation fuels and the further development of hybrid-electric and electric flight and hydrogen-based aviation technologies. For example,
the risk of insufficient availability of low carbon fuels (such as sustainable aviation fuels or hydrogen) may compromise the pace and
degree of emission reduction within the aviation sector. Our success in advancing greenhouse gas emission reduction objectives across
our businesses will depend in part on the actions of governments, regulators and other market participants to invest in infrastructure,
create appropriate market incentives and to otherwise support the development of new technologies. The process of developing new
high-technology products and enhancing existing products to mitigate climate change is often complex, costly and uncertain, and we
may pursue strategies or make investments that do not prove to be commercially successful in the time frames expected or at all.
Commercial aviation sector – Our financial performance is dependent on the condition of the commercial aviation sector and
our partners and customers in that sector. Our Aerospace business constitutes a substantial portion of our financial results, and the
majority of that business is directly tied to economic conditions in the commercial aviation sector, which is cyclical in nature. Capital
spending and demand for aircraft engines, aviation products and component aftermarket parts and services by commercial airlines,
lessors, other aircraft operators and airframers are influenced by a wide variety of factors, including current and predicted traffic levels,
load factors, aircraft fuel prices, labor issues, airline consolidation, bankruptcies and restructuring activities, competition, the retirement
of older aircraft, changes in production schedules, regulatory changes, terrorism and related safety concerns, general economic
conditions, tightening of credit in financial markets, corporate profitability, cost reduction efforts and remaining performance obligations
levels. Any of these factors could reduce the sales and profit margins of our Aerospace business. Other factors, including future terrorist
actions, aviation safety concerns, public health crises or major natural disasters, could also dramatically reduce the demand for
commercial air travel, which could negatively impact the sales and profit margins of our Aerospace business. As we experienced with
the COVID-19 pandemic, our Aerospace business in particular suffered adverse effects from a global health pandemic that led to a
significant decline in commercial air traffic, had material adverse effects on our airline and airframer customers and their demand for our
products and services and caused other significant dislocations throughout the aviation sector. Supply chain disruptions and other
lingering impacts from the pandemic and measures in response continue to pose challenges and risks for our business and other
industry participants, and future public health crises could cause other disruptions and challenges in the future. We also face risks
related to longer-term strategies the aviation sector has implemented and may implement, such as reducing capacity, shifting route
patterns or other strategies to mitigate impacts from COVID-19 and the risk of future public health crises, and from potential shifts in the
flying public’s demand for travel, any of which could adversely affect future growth in commercial air traffic capacity and the demand for
or profitability of our products and services. Additionally, because a substantial portion of product deliveries to commercial aviation
customers are scheduled for delivery in the future, changes in economic conditions can cause customers to request that orders be
rescheduled or canceled. Spare parts sales and aftermarket service trends are affected by similar factors, including usage, pricing,
technological improvements, regulatory changes and the retirement of older aircraft. Furthermore, because of the lengthy research and
development cycle involved in bringing new engine platforms and other products in our Aerospace business to market, we cannot
predict the economic conditions that will exist when any new product is ready to enter into service. We also have dependencies on our
partners for commercial engine programs to develop, manufacture and service their share of an engine, and on the major airframers
that we supply to successfully develop, certify and commercialize aircraft that utilize our engines. A reduction in spending in the
commercial aviation sector, or challenges for key industry participants, could have a significant effect on the demand for our products
and services, which could have a material adverse effect on our competitive position, results of operations, financial condition or cash
flows.
Competitive environment - We are dependent on the maintenance of existing product lines and service relationships, market
acceptance of new product and service introductions, and technology and innovation leadership for revenue and earnings
growth. The markets in which we operate are highly competitive in terms of pricing, product and service quality, product development
and introduction time, customer service, financing terms, the ability to respond to shifts in market demand and the ability to attract and
retain skilled talent. Our long-term operating results and competitive position also depend substantially upon our ability to continually
develop, introduce, and market new and innovative technology, products, services and platforms, to develop digital solutions for our
own operations and our customers, to modify existing products and services, to customize products and services, to maintain long-term
customer relationships and to increase our productivity over time as we perform on long-term service agreements. We often enter into
long-term service agreements in both our Aerospace and Power businesses in connection with significant contracts for the sale of
equipment. In connection with these agreements, we must accurately estimate our costs associated with delivering the products,
product durability and reliability, and the provision of services over time in order to be profitable and generate acceptable returns on our
investments. A failure to appropriately estimate or plan for or execute our business plans may adversely affect our delivery of products,
services and outcomes in line with our projected financial performance or cost estimates, and ultimately may result in excess costs,
build-up of inventory that becomes obsolete, lower profit margins and an erosion of our competitive position. In addition, at our
Renewable Energy business, the rapid pace of innovation among onshore and offshore wind turbine manufacturers in recent years has
led to short product cycles, early market introductions and faster time to market, all of which have led and may continue to lead to
quality and execution issues, higher costs and other challenges to achieving profitability for new products. Such risks are especially
acute in the nascent offshore wind industry, with higher ramp-up costs and the potential for new product introductions to result in losses
both in the short- and long-run. If we are not able to identify and implement initiatives that control and reduce costs and increase
Our businesses are also subject to technological change and advances, such as growth in industrial automation and increased
digitization of the operations, infrastructure and solutions that customers demand across all the industries we serve. In addition, our use
of emerging and evolving technologies such as artificial intelligence and machine learning, which we expect to increase over time,
presents business, reputational, legal and compliance risks related to data sourcing, design flaws, integration issues, security threats,
privacy protections and the ability to develop sufficient protection measures. The introduction of innovative and disruptive technologies
in the markets in which we operate also poses risks in the form of new competitors (including new entrants from outside our traditional
industries, such as competitors from digital technology companies), market consolidation, substitutions of existing products, services or
solutions, niche players, new business models and competitors that are faster to market with new or more cost-effective products or
services. Existing and new competitors frequently offer services for our installed base, and if the customers that purchase our
equipment and products select our competitors’ services or if we otherwise fail to maintain or renew service relationships, this can erode
the revenues and profitability of our businesses. In addition, the research and development cycle involved in bringing products in our
businesses to market is often lengthy, it is inherently difficult to predict the economic conditions or competitive dynamics that will exist
when any new product is complete, and our investments, to the extent they result in bringing a product to market, may generate weaker
returns than we anticipated at the outset. Our capacity to invest in research and development efforts to pursue advancement in a wide
range of technologies, products and services also depends on the financial resources that we have available for such investment
relative to other capital allocation priorities. Under-investment in research and development, or investment in technologies that prove to
be less competitive in the future (at the expense of alternative investment opportunities not pursued), could lead to loss of sales of our
products and services in the future, particularly since many of our businesses have long product development cycles. The amounts that
we do invest in research and development efforts may not lead to the development of new technologies or products on a timely basis or
meet the needs of our customers as fully as competitive offerings.
Business portfolio - Our success depends on achieving our strategic and financial objectives, including through acquisitions,
integrations, dispositions and joint ventures. With respect to acquisitions and business integrations, dispositions, separations and
joint ventures, we may not achieve expected returns or other benefits on a timely basis or at all as a result of changes in strategy,
integration challenges or other factors. Over the past several years we have also been pursuing a variety of dispositions, and as
discussed above we are in the midst of executing our plan to separate GE Aerospace and GE Vernova into independent companies. In
January 2023, we spun off our HealthCare business as GE HealthCare, and GE currently holds a 13.5% equity interest in GE
HealthCare. Declines in the value of equity interests (such as our interest in GE HealthCare) or other assets that we sell can diminish
the cash proceeds that we realize, and our ability and timing to sell can depend on market conditions and the liquidity of the relevant
asset. We may dispose of businesses or assets at a price or on terms that are less favorable than we had anticipated, or with purchase
price adjustments or the exclusion of assets or liabilities that must be divested, managed or run off separately. Dispositions or other
business separations also often involve continued financial involvement in the divested business, such as through continuing equity
ownership, retained assets or liabilities, transition services agreements, commercial agreements, guarantees, indemnities or other
current or contingent financial obligations or liabilities. Under these arrangements, performance by the divested businesses or other
conditions outside our control could materially affect our future financial results. Evaluating or executing on all types of potential or
planned portfolio transactions can divert senior management time and resources from other pursuits. We also participate in a number of
joint ventures with other companies or government enterprises in various markets around the world, including joint ventures where we
have a lesser degree of control over the business operations, which expose us to additional operational, financial, reputational, legal or
compliance risks.
Intellectual property - Our intellectual property portfolio may not prevent competitors from independently developing
products and services similar to or duplicative to ours, and the value of our intellectual property may be negatively impacted
by external dependencies. Our patents and other intellectual property may not prevent competitors from independently developing or
selling products and services similar to or duplicative of ours, and there can be no assurance that the resources invested by us to
protect our intellectual property will be sufficient or that our intellectual property portfolio will adequately deter misappropriation or
improper use of our technology, particularly in certain markets outside the U.S. where intellectual property laws and related enforcement
mechanisms may not be as well-developed. Trademark licenses of the GE brand in connection with dispositions, including in
connection with the separation of GE HealthCare in January 2023 and the planned separation of GE Aerospace and GE Vernova into
independent companies, may negatively impact the overall value of the brand in the future. We also face competition in some countries
where we have not invested in an intellectual property portfolio. If we are not able to protect our intellectual property, the value of our
brand and other intangible assets may be diminished, and our business may be adversely affected. We also face attempts, both
internally from insider threats and externally from cyber-attacks, to gain unauthorized access to our IT systems or products for the
purpose of improperly acquiring our trade secrets or confidential business information. In addition, we have observed an increase in the
use of social engineering tactics by bad actors attempting to obtain confidential business information or credentials to access systems
with our intellectual property. The theft or unauthorized use or publication of our trade secrets and other confidential business
information as a result of such incidents could adversely affect our competitive position and the value of our investment in research and
development. In addition, we are subject to the enforcement of patents or other intellectual property by third parties, including
aggressive and opportunistic enforcement claims by non-practicing entities. Regardless of the merit of such claims, responding to
infringement claims can be expensive and time-consuming. GE has in the past, and may in the future be, found to infringe third-party
rights, which could require us to pay substantial damages or enjoin us from offering some of our products and services. The value of, or
our ability to use, our intellectual property may also be negatively impacted by dependencies on third parties, such as our ability to
obtain or renew on reasonable terms licenses that we need in the future, or our ability to secure or retain ownership or rights to use data
in certain software analytics or services offerings.
Operational execution - Operational challenges could have a material adverse effect on our business, reputation, financial
position, results of operations and cash flows. GE’s financial results depend on the successful execution of our businesses’
operating plans across all steps of the product and service life cycle. We seek to improve the operations and execution of our
businesses on an ongoing basis, and our ability to make the desired improvements is an important factor in our profitability and overall
financial performance. We also face operational risks in connection with launching or ramping newer product platforms, such as the
Haliade-X offshore wind turbine platform or new onshore wind turbine models at Renewable Energy, or the LEAP or GE9X engines at
Aerospace. Particularly with newer product platforms and technologies, our businesses seek to reduce the costs of these products over
time with experience, and risks related to our supply chain, the availability of skilled labor, product quality, timely delivery or other
aspects of operational execution can adversely affect our ability to meet customers' expectations, profits and cash flows. Many of our
customer contracts are complex and contain provisions that could cause us to incur penalties, be liable for liquidated damages and
incur unanticipated expenses with respect to the timely delivery, functionality, deployment, operation, durability, and availability of our
products, solutions and services. Operational failures at any of our businesses that result in quality problems or potential product,
environmental, health or safety risks, could have a material adverse effect on our business, reputation, financial position, cash flows
and results of operations.
In addition, our Power and Renewable Energy businesses are often involved in large projects that pose unique risks related to their
location, scale, complexity, duration and pricing or payment structure. At times, these businesses sell products through or with
engineering, procurement and production firms, where we can be either a sub-supplier or a consortium partner. The scope of supply
can range from products alone to extended plant scope, including plant-level guarantees. Delivering on large projects with multiple
parties and subcontractors involved, particularly outside of mature markets in the U.S. and Europe, is highly complex with risks related
to the safety and security of workers, impacts on local communities, corruption, breach or theft of intellectual property and other factors.
Performance issues or schedule delays can arise due to inadequate technical expertise, unanticipated project modifications,
developments at project sites, environmental, health and safety issues, execution by or coordination with suppliers, subcontractors or
consortium partners, financial difficulties of our customers or significant partners or compliance with government regulations, and these
can lead to cost overruns, contractual penalties, liquidated damages and other adverse consequences. Where GE is a member of a
consortium, we are typically subject to claims based on joint and several liability, and claims can extend to aspects of the project or
costs that are not directly related or limited to GE’s scope of work or over which GE does not have control. Operational, quality or other
issues at large projects, or across our projects portfolio more broadly, can adversely affect GE’s business, reputation, cash flows or
results of operations.
Product safety and quality - Our products and services are highly sophisticated and specialized, and a major failure or quality
issue affecting our products or third-party products with which our products are integrated can adversely affect our business,
reputation, financial position, results of operations and cash flows. We produce highly sophisticated products and provide
specialized services for both our own and third-party products that incorporate or use complex or leading-edge technology, including
both hardware and software. Many of our products and services involve complex industrial machinery or infrastructure projects, such as
commercial jet engines, gas turbines, onshore and offshore wind turbines or nuclear power generation, and accordingly the adverse
impact of product quality issues can be significant. Actual or perceived design, production, performance or other quality issues related
to new product introductions or existing product lines can result in direct warranty, maintenance and other costs, including costs
associated with project delays. For example, in the third quarter of 2022, we booked a provision due to changes in estimates for existing
warranties for the deployment of repairs and other corrective measures to improve overall quality and fleet availability relating to our
Onshore Wind business. Quality issues can also result in reputational harm to our businesses, with a potential loss of attractiveness of
our products, solutions and services to new and existing customers. A widespread fleet issue could result in revenue loss while the
associated product is suspended from operation. This risk is pronounced, for example, in connection with the introduction of new
technology in the main components of offshore wind turbines due to the challenges of servicing and performing maintenance on
offshore wind turbines and the difficulties associated with scaling up production of new components. In addition, a catastrophic product
failure or similar event resulting in injuries or death, widespread outages, a fleet grounding or similar systemic consequences could
have a material adverse effect on our business, reputation, financial position, cash flows and results of operations. Even when there
have not been a particularly significant or widespread product failures in the field, many of our products and services must function
under demanding operating conditions and meet exacting and evolving certification, performance, reliability and durability standards
that we, our customers or regulators adopt. Developing and maintaining products that meet or exceed these can be costly and
technologically challenging, and may also involve extensive coordination of suppliers and highly skilled labor from thousands of
workers; a failure to deliver products and services that meet these standards could have significant adverse financial, competitive or
reputational effects. Technical, mechanical and other failures occur from time to time, whether as a result of manufacturing or design
defect, operational process or production issue attributable to us, our customers, suppliers, third party integrators or others.
In some circumstances we have also incurred and in the future we may continue to incur increased costs, delayed payments or lost
equipment or services revenue in connection with a significant issue with a third party’s product with which our products are integrated,
or if parts or other components that we incorporate in our products have defects or other quality issues. For example, a prolonged
aircraft grounding, certification or production delays or other adverse developments with aircraft powered by our engines can pose risk
to our Aerospace business. There can be no assurance that the operational processes around sourcing, product design, manufacture,
performance and servicing that we or our customers or other third parties have designed to meet rigorous quality standards will be
sufficient to prevent us or our customers or other third parties from experiencing operational process or product failures and other
problems, including through manufacturing or design defects, process or other failures of contractors or third-party suppliers, cyber-
Cybersecurity - Increased cybersecurity requirements, vulnerabilities, threats and more sophisticated and targeted computer
crime, as well as cybersecurity failures, pose risk to our systems, networks, products, solutions, services and data. Increased
global cybersecurity requirements, vulnerabilities, threats, computer viruses and more sophisticated and targeted cyber-related attacks
such as ransomware, as well as cybersecurity failures resulting from human or technological errors, pose risk to the security of GE's
and its customers', partners', suppliers' and third-party service providers' infrastructure, products, systems and networks and the
confidentiality, availability and integrity of GE's and its customers' data, as well as associated financial and reputational risks. The
perpetrators of such attacks include sophisticated malicious actors including states and state-affiliated actors targeting critical
infrastructure. The risks in this area continue to grow, and cyberattacks are expected to accelerate on a global basis in frequency and
impact as threat actors increasingly use artificial intelligence and other techniques to circumvent security controls, evade detection and
remove forensic evidence. As a result, we may be unable to promptly or effectively detect, investigate, remediate or recover from
cybersecurity attacks, which may result in material harm to our systems, information or business.
We have experienced, and expect to continue to experience, cyberattacks of varying degrees of sophistication and other cybersecurity
incidents. Bad actors have attempted and we expect will continue to attempt to use our separation of GE HealthCare in January 2023
and the planned separation of GE Aerospace and GE Vernova into independent companies as an opportunity to launch attacks or
increase their number of attacks against GE’s networks and systems, as well as attempt to use social engineering tactics or phishing
emails to induce our employees to reveal sensitive information or install malware. A significant cyber-related attack against us, a key
third-party system or a network that we use, or in one of our industries such as an attack on power grids, power plants or commercial
aircraft (even if such an attack does not involve GE products, services or systems), could adversely affect our business. The large
number of suppliers that we work with requires significant effort for the initial and ongoing verification of the effective implementation of
cybersecurity requirements by suppliers. The increasing degree of interconnectedness between GE and its partners, suppliers and
customers also poses a risk to the security of GE’s network as well as the larger ecosystem in which GE operates. Our risk mitigation
efforts may fail to prevent, detect and limit the impact of cyber-related attacks, and we remain vulnerable to known and unknown
cybersecurity threats.
The continued adoption of new technologies by our businesses and our suppliers also increases our exposure to cybersecurity threats.
An unknown vulnerability or compromise in our or a third-party product (for example, open source software) may expose our systems,
networks, software or connected products to malicious actors and lead to the misuse or unintended use of our products, loss of GE
intellectual property, misappropriation of sensitive, confidential or personal data, safety risks or unavailability of equipment. We also
have access to sensitive, classified, confidential or personal data or information in certain of our businesses that is subject to privacy
and security laws, regulations or customer-imposed controls. We are vulnerable to security breaches, theft, misplaced, lost or corrupted
data, programming errors and misconfigurations, employee errors (including as a result of social engineering/phishing) and/or
malfeasance (including misappropriation by insiders or departing employees) that may compromise sensitive, classified, confidential or
personal data or information, improper use of our systems, software solutions or networks, unauthorized access, use, disclosure,
modification or destruction of or denial of access to information, defective products, production downtimes and operational disruptions.
In addition, our suppliers may be the victim of a cyber-related incident that could compromise our intellectual property, personal data or
other confidential information, or result in production downtimes and operational disruptions that could cause us to breach our
commitments to customers. An unknown security vulnerability or malicious software in a product used by a supplier to deliver a service
or embedded in a supplier’s product that is later integrated into a GE product could lead to a vulnerability in the security of GE’s product
or, if used internally in the GE network environment, to a compromise of the GE network, which may lead to the loss of information or
operational disruptions. Cybersecurity-related and data privacy and protection laws and regulatory regimes are evolving, can vary
significantly by country and present increasing compliance challenges, and we from time to time receive, and in the future will likely
receive, regulatory inquiries about specific incidents or aspects of our cybersecurity framework; these dynamics increase our costs,
affect our competitiveness and can expose us to fines or other penalties and reputational risks. In addition, cybersecurity incidents can
result in other negative consequences, regardless of whether the direct effects of an incident are significant, including damage to our
reputation or competitiveness, restoration and remediation costs, increased digital infrastructure or related costs that are not covered by
insurance, and costs or fines arising from litigation or regulatory investigations or actions. While we carry cyber insurance, we cannot be
certain that our coverage will be adequate for liabilities actually incurred, that insurance will continue to be available to us on
economically reasonable terms, or at all, or that any insurer will not deny coverage as to any future claim.
Supply chain - Significant raw material or other component shortages, supplier capacity constraints, supplier or customer
production disruptions, supplier quality and sourcing issues or price increases have increased, and may continue to
increase, our operating costs and can adversely impact the competitive positions of our products. Our reliance on third-party
suppliers, contract manufacturers and service providers, and commodity markets to secure raw materials, parts, components and sub-
systems used in our products exposes us to volatility in the prices and availability of these materials, parts, components, systems and
services. As our supply chains are complex and extend into many different countries and regions around the world, we are also subject
to global economic and geopolitical dynamics and risks associated with exporting components manufactured in particular countries for
incorporation into finished products completed in other countries. We operate in a supply-constrained environment and are facing, and
may continue to face, supply-chain shortages, inflationary pressures, shortages of skilled labor, transportation and logistics challenges
and manufacturing disruptions that impact our revenues, profitability and timeliness in fulfilling customer orders. We anticipate supply
chain pressures across our businesses will continue to challenge and adversely affect our operations and financial performance for
some period of time. For example, successfully executing the significant production and delivery ramp-up efforts at our Aerospace
business from both strong demand for newer engine platforms such as the LEAP and the aviation sector’s recovery from the COVID-19
pandemic, depends in part on our suppliers having access to the materials and skilled labor they require and making timely deliveries to
FINANCIAL RISKS. Financial risk relates to our ability to meet financial goals and obligations and mitigate exposure to broad market
risks, including credit risk; funding and liquidity risks, such as risk related to our credit ratings and our availability and cost of funding;
and volatility in foreign currency exchange rates, interest rates and commodity prices. Credit risk is the risk of financial loss arising from
a customer or counterparty failure to meet its contractual obligations, and we face credit risk arising from both our industrial businesses
and from our remaining financial services operations. Liquidity risk refers to the potential inability to meet contractual or contingent
financial obligations (whether on- or off-balance sheet) as they arise, and could potentially impact our financial condition, cash flow or
overall safety and soundness.
Customers and counterparties - Global economic, industry-specific or other developments that weaken the financial condition
or soundness of significant customers, governments or other parties we deal with can adversely affect our business, results
of operations and cash flows. The business and operating results of our businesses have been, and will continue to be, affected by
worldwide economic conditions, including conditions in the air transportation, power generation, renewable energy and other industries
we serve. Existing or potential customers may delay or cancel plans to purchase our products and services, including large
infrastructure projects, and may not be able to fulfill their obligations to us in a timely fashion or at all as a result of business
deterioration, cash flow shortages or difficulty obtaining financing for particular projects or due to macroeconomic conditions,
geopolitical disruptions, changes in law or other challenges affecting the strength of the global economy. The airline industry, for
example, is highly cyclical, and sustained economic growth and political stability in both developed and emerging markets are principal
factors underlying long-term air traffic growth; the current macroeconomic and geopolitical environment and the potential for recession
pose risks to the rate of that growth. Aviation sector activity is also particularly influenced by the actions of a small group of large original
equipment manufacturers, as well as large airlines in various geographies. We have significant business with, and credit exposure to,
some of our largest aviation customers and accordingly our Aerospace business performance can be adversely affected by challenges
that individual customers or the industry faces related to factors such as competition, the need for cost reduction, financial stability and
soundness, and the availability of aircraft leasing and financing alternatives, the satisfaction of certification or other regulatory
requirements for aircraft in various jurisdictions, the retirement of older aircraft and other dynamics affecting the original equipment and
aftermarket service markets, or by a significant disruption of air travel such as what occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic. A
potential future disruption in connection with a terrorist incident, cyberattack, actual or threatened public health pandemic or emergency
or recessionary economic environment that results in the loss of business and leisure traffic could also adversely affect these
customers, their ability to fulfill their obligations to us in a timely fashion or at all, demand for our products and services and the viability
of a customer’s business. (See also Risk Factors - Commercial aviation sector.) In our Power and Renewable Energy businesses, our
customers also face a variety of challenges, including in connection with decarbonization, industry consolidation, competition and shifts
in the availability of financing for certain types of power projects or technologies (such as prohibitions on financing for fossil fuel-based
projects or technologies); these dynamics can also have a significant impact on the operating results and outlooks for our businesses.
In addition, our customers include numerous governmental entities within and outside the U.S., including the U.S. federal government
and state and local entities. We also at times face greater challenges collecting on receivables with customers that are sovereign
governments or located in emerging markets. If there is significant deterioration in the global economy, in our industries, in financial
markets or with particular significant counterparties, our results of operations, financial position and cash flows could be materially
adversely affected.
Run-off insurance and banking operations - We continue to have exposure to our run-off insurance operations and Bank BPH
mortgage portfolio in Poland. While in recent years we have greatly reduced the scope of GE’s former financial services operations,
we continue to retain significant exposure to legacy insurance and other financial services operations that will run off over a long period
of time and, in the event of future adverse developments, could cause funding or liquidity stress. For example, it is possible that results
of our statutory testing of insurance reserves in future years will require capital contributions to our insurance subsidiaries, even after
we make the expected capital contribution in the first quarter of 2024 that will complete the contributions in connection with the statutory
permitted practice approved in 2018 by the KID. Our statutory testing of insurance reserves is subject to a variety of assumptions,
including assumptions about the discount rate (which is sensitive to changes in market interest rates), morbidity, mortality and future
long-term care premium increases. Future adverse changes to these assumptions (to the extent not offset by any favorable changes to
these assumptions) could result in an increase to future policy benefit reserves and, potentially, to the amount of capital we are required
to contribute to our insurance subsidiaries (as discussed in the Other Items - Insurance section within MD&A). In addition, we have
exposure to various financial counterparties that pose credit and other risks in the event of insolvency or other default. For example, a
portion of our run-off insurance operations’ assets are held in trust accounts associated with reinsurance contracts. For our UFLIC
subsidiary, such trust assets are currently held in trusts for the benefit of insurance company subsidiaries of Genworth, which has stated
Borrowings & liquidity – We may face risks related to our debt levels, particularly in severely adverse market conditions, and
future credit downgrades could adversely affect our liquidity, funding costs and related margins. We have significantly reduced
our debt levels over the past several years through liability management actions, and we intend to maintain a sustainable investment-
grade long-term credit rating. Existing debt may adversely impact our ability to obtain new debt financing on favorable terms in the
future, particularly if coupled with downgrades of our credit ratings or a deterioration of capital markets conditions more generally. There
can be no assurance that we will not face future credit rating downgrades as a result of factors such as the performance of our
businesses, reduced diversification of GE’s businesses following the planned separation into three independent companies or changes
in rating application or methodology, and future downgrades could adversely affect our cost of funds, liquidity and competitive position.
Further, our swap, forward and option contracts are executed under standard master agreements that typically contain mutual
downgrade provisions that provide the ability of the counterparty to require termination if the credit ratings of the applicable GE entity
were to fall below specified ratings levels. In addition, if we are unable to generate cash flows in accordance with our plans or face
unforeseen needs for capital, we may adopt changes to our capital allocation plans (such as plans related to the timing or amounts of
investments or capital expenditures, share repurchases or dividends) or take other actions. For additional discussion about our credit
ratings and related considerations, refer to the Capital Resources and Liquidity section within MD&A.
Postretirement benefit plans - Increases in pension, healthcare and life insurance benefits obligations and costs can
adversely affect our earnings, cash flows and further progress toward our leverage goals. Our results of operations, cash flow
and financial condition may be positively or negatively affected by the amount of income or expense we record for our defined benefit
pension plans. GAAP requires that we calculate income or expense for the plans using actuarial valuations, which reflect assumptions
about financial markets, interest rates and other economic conditions such as the discount rate and the expected long-term rate of
return on plan assets. We are also required to make an annual measurement of plan assets and liabilities, which may result in a
significant reduction or increase to equity. The factors that impact our pension calculations are subject to changes in key economic
indicators, and future decreases in the discount rate or low returns on plan assets can increase our funding obligations and adversely
impact our financial results. In addition, although GAAP expense and pension funding contributions are not directly related, key
economic factors that affect GAAP expense, such as sustained market volatility, would also likely affect the amount of cash we would
be required to contribute to pension plans under ERISA. Such factors could also result in a failure to achieve expected returns on plan
assets. In addition, there may be upward pressure on the cost of providing healthcare benefits to current and future retirees. There can
be no assurance that the measures we have taken to control increases in these costs, or that the assignment of assets and liabilities
with respect to certain U.S. and non-U.S. benefit plans in connection with GE’s separation into three independent companies, will
succeed in limiting cost increases, and continued upward pressure could reduce our profitability. For a discussion regarding how our
financial statements have been and can be affected by our pension and healthcare benefit obligations, see Note 13.
LEGAL AND COMPLIANCE RISKS. Legal and compliance risk relates to risks arising from the government and regulatory
environment, legal proceedings and compliance with integrity policies and procedures, including matters relating to financial reporting
and the environment, health and safety. Government and regulatory risk includes the risk that the government or regulatory actions will
impose additional cost on us or require us to make adverse changes to our business models or practices.
Regulatory - We are subject to a wide variety of laws, regulations and government policies that require ongoing compliance
efforts and may change in significant ways. Our businesses are subject to regulation under a wide variety of U.S. federal and state
and non-U.S. laws, regulations and policies that require ongoing compliance efforts. There can be no assurance that laws, regulations
and policies will not be changed or interpreted or enforced in ways that will require us to modify our business models and objectives or
affect our returns on investments by restricting existing activities and products, subjecting them to escalating costs or prohibiting them
outright. In particular, recent trends globally toward increased protectionism, import and export controls, required licenses or
authorizations to engage in business dealings with certain countries or entities, the use of tariffs, restrictions on outbound investment
and other trade barriers can result in actions by governments around the world that have been and may continue to be disruptive and
costly to our businesses, and can interfere with our global operating model and weaken our competitive position. In addition, changes in
environmental and climate change laws, regulations or policies (including carbon pricing, emission standards or sustainable finance,
among others) affecting the power or aviation sectors could lead to additional costs or compliance requirements, a need for additional
investment in product designs, require carbon offset investments or otherwise negatively impact our businesses or competitive position.
Other legislative and regulatory areas of significance for our businesses that U.S. and non-U.S. governments have focused and
continue to focus on include cybersecurity, data privacy and sovereignty, artificial intelligence, anti-corruption, competition law, public
procurement law, compliance with complex trade controls and economic sanctions laws, technical regulations or local content
requirements that could result in market access criteria that our products cannot or do not meet, foreign exchange intervention in
response to currency volatility and currency controls that could restrict the movement of liquidity from particular jurisdictions. Potential
changes to tax laws, including changes to taxation of global income, may have an effect on our subsidiaries' structure, operations,
sales, liquidity, cash flows, capital requirements, effective tax rate and performance. For example, legislative or regulatory measures by
Legal proceedings - We are subject to a variety of legal proceedings, disputes, investigations and legal compliance risks,
including contingent liabilities from businesses that we have exited or are inactive. We are subject to a variety of legal
proceedings, commercial disputes, legal compliance risks and environmental, health and safety compliance risks in virtually every part
of the world. We, our representatives and the industries in which we operate are subject to continuing scrutiny by regulators, other
governmental authorities and private sector entities or individuals in the U.S., the European Union, China and other jurisdictions, which
have led or may, in certain circumstances, lead to enforcement actions, adverse changes to our business practices, fines and penalties,
required remedial actions such as contaminated site clean-up or other environmental claims, or the assertion of private litigation claims
and damages that could be material. For example, since our acquisition of Alstom's Thermal, Renewables and Grid businesses in 2015,
we are subject to legacy legal proceedings and legal compliance risks that relate to claimed anti-competitive conduct or corruption by
Alstom in the pre-acquisition period, and payments for settlements, judgments, penalties or other liabilities in connection with those
matters have resulted and will in the future result in cash outflows. In addition, while in December 2020 we entered into a settlement to
conclude a previously disclosed SEC investigation of GE, we remain subject to shareholder lawsuits related to the Company's financial
performance, accounting and disclosure practices and related legacy matters. We have observed that these proceedings related to
claims about past financial performance and reporting pose particular reputational risks for the Company that can cause new
allegations about past or current misconduct, even if unfounded, to have a more significant impact on our reputation and how we are
viewed by investors, customers and others than they otherwise would. The estimation of legal reserves or possible losses involves
significant judgment and may not reflect the full range of uncertainties and unpredictable outcomes inherent in litigation and
investigations, and the actual losses arising from particular matters may exceed our current estimates and adversely affect our results
of operations. The risk management and compliance programs we have adopted and related actions that we take may not fully mitigate
legal and compliance risks that we face, particularly in light of the global and diverse nature of our operations and the current
enforcement environments in many jurisdictions. For example, when we investigate potential noncompliance under U.S. and non-U.S.
law involving GE employees or third parties we work with, in some circumstances we make self-disclosures about our findings to the
relevant authorities who may pursue or decline to pursue enforcement proceedings against us in connection with those matters. We are
also subject to material trailing legal liabilities from businesses that we have exited or are inactive. We also expect that additional legal
proceedings and other contingencies will arise from time to time. Moreover, we sell products and services in growth markets where
claims arising from alleged violations of law, product failures or other incidents involving our products and services are adjudicated
within legal systems that are less developed and less reliable than those of the U.S. or other more developed markets, and this can
create additional uncertainty about the outcome of proceedings before courts or other governmental bodies in those markets. See Note
24 for further information about legal proceedings and other loss contingencies.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS. Refer to Legal Matters and Environmental, Health and Safety Matters in Note 24 to the consolidated
financial statements for information relating to legal proceedings.
The Company designs and maintains accounting and internal control systems to provide reasonable assurance that assets are
safeguarded against loss from unauthorized use or disposition, and that the financial records are reliable for preparing consolidated
financial statements and maintaining accountability for assets. These systems are enhanced by policies and procedures, an
organizational structure providing division of responsibilities, careful selection and training of qualified personnel, and a program of
internal audits.
The Company engaged Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, to audit and render an opinion on the
consolidated financial statements and internal control over financial reporting in accordance with the standards of the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB).
The Board of Directors, through its Audit Committee, which consists entirely of independent directors, meets periodically with
management, internal auditors, and our independent registered public accounting firm to ensure that each is meeting its responsibilities
and to discuss matters concerning internal controls and financial reporting. Deloitte & Touche LLP and the internal auditors each have
full and free access to the Audit Committee.
MANAGEMENT’S ANNUAL REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING. Management is responsible for
establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for the Company. With our participation, an evaluation of
the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting was conducted as of December 31, 2023, based on the framework and
criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the
Treadway Commission.
Based on this evaluation, our management has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December
31, 2023.
Our independent registered public accounting firm has issued an audit report on our internal control over financial reporting. Their report
follows.
DISCLOSURE CONTROLS. Under the direction of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we evaluated our disclosure
controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting and concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were
effective as of December 31, 2023. There have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the
quarter ended December 31, 2023, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, its internal control over
financial reporting.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB),
the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control —
Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated
February 2, 2024, expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to
obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud.
Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error
or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence
regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used
and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe
that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Sales of services - Revenue recognition on certain Power long-term service agreements - Refer to Notes 1 and 8 to the
financial statements
Given the complexity involved with evaluating the key estimates, which includes significant judgment necessary to estimate future
costs, auditing management’s assumptions within the key estimates required a high degree of auditor judgment and extensive audit
effort, including the involvement of professionals with specialized skills and industry knowledge.
Sales of services - Revenue recognition on certain Aerospace long-term service agreements - Refer to Notes 1 and 8 to the
financial statements
Given the complexity involved with evaluating the key estimates, which includes significant judgment necessary to estimate future
costs, auditing these assumptions required a high degree of auditor judgment and extensive audit effort, including the involvement of
professionals with specialized skills and industry knowledge.
Significant uncertainties exist in evaluating future cash flow projections, including consideration of a wide range of possible outcomes of
future events over the life of the insurance contracts that can extend for long periods of time.
Key assumptions impacting the cash flow projections used in the measurement of such liabilities that are sensitive and are more
subjective requiring significant judgment by management are rate of changes in morbidity and future long-term care premium rate
increases.
Given the significant judgments required by management, auditing the liability for future policy benefits required a high degree of auditor
judgment and an increased extent of effort, including the involvement of actuarial specialists.
Boston, Massachusetts
February 2, 2024
We have served as the Company's auditor since 2020.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB),
the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2023, of the Company and our report dated February
2, 2024, expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to
obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.
Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness
exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing
such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our
opinion.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of
any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in
conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Boston, Massachusetts
February 2, 2024
In preparing our Statement of Cash Flows, we make certain adjustments to reflect cash flows that cannot otherwise be calculated by
changes in our Statement of Financial Position. These adjustments may include, but are not limited to, the effects of currency
exchange, acquisitions and dispositions of businesses, businesses classified as held for sale, the timing of settlements to suppliers for
property, plant and equipment, non-cash gains/losses and other balance sheet reclassifications.
We have reclassified certain prior-year amounts to conform to the current-year’s presentation. Unless otherwise noted, tables are
presented in U.S. dollars in millions. Certain columns and rows may not add due to the use of rounded numbers. Percentages
presented are calculated from the underlying numbers in millions. Earnings per share amounts are computed independently for
earnings from continuing operations, earnings from discontinued operations and net earnings. As a result, the sum of per-share
amounts may not equal the total. Unless otherwise indicated, information in these notes to consolidated financial statements relates to
continuing operations. Certain of our operations have been presented as discontinued. We present businesses whose disposal
represents a strategic shift that has, or will have, a major effect on our operations and financial results as discontinued operations when
the components meet the criteria for held for sale, are sold, or spun-off. See Note 2 for further information.
On January 3, 2023, General Electric Company (the Company or GE) completed the previously announced separation (the Separation)
of its HealthCare business, into a separate, independent publicly traded company. The historical results of GE HealthCare and certain
assets and liabilities included in the spin-off are now reported in GE's consolidated financial statements as discontinued operations. See
Note 2 for further information.
CONSOLIDATION. Our financial statements consolidate all of our affiliates, entities where we have a controlling financial interest, most
often because we hold a majority voting interest, or where we are required to apply the variable interest entity (VIE) model because we
have a variable interest in an entity and are the primary beneficiary of the entity. We reevaluate whether we have a controlling financial
interest in all entities when our rights and interests change.
REVENUES FROM THE SALE OF EQUIPMENT. Performance Obligations Satisfied Over Time. We recognize revenue on
agreements for the sale of customized goods including power generation and aerospace equipment and long-term construction projects
on an over-time basis as we customize the customer's equipment during the manufacturing or integration process and obtain right to
payment for work performed.
We recognize revenue as we perform under the arrangements using the percentage of completion method, which is based on our costs
incurred to date relative to our estimate of total expected costs. Our estimate of costs to be incurred to fulfill our promise to a customer
is based on our history of manufacturing or constructing similar assets for customers and is updated routinely to reflect changes in
quantity or pricing of the inputs. We provide for potential losses on these agreements when it is probable that we will incur the loss.
Some of our contracts require us to make payments to customers related to failure to deliver our equipment on-time or meeting certain
performance specifications, which is factored into our estimate of variable consideration using the expected value method and taking
into consideration performance relative to our contractual obligations, specified liquidated damages rates, if applicable, and history of
paying liquidated damages to the customer or similar customers.
During 2023, primarily as a result of changes in product and project cost estimates, we recorded additional project losses for certain
Haliade-X contracts of $379 million. Further changes in our execution timelines or other adverse developments could result in further
losses beyond the amounts that we currently estimate.
Our billing terms for these over-time contracts are generally based on achieving specified milestones. The differences between the
timing of our revenue recognized (based on costs incurred) and customer billings (based on contractual terms) results in changes to our
contract asset or contract liability positions. See Note 8 for further information.
Performance Obligations Satisfied at a Point in Time. We recognize revenue on agreements for non-customized equipment
including commercial aircraft engines and other goods we manufacture on a standardized basis for sale to the market at the point in
time that the customer obtains control of the product, which is generally no earlier than when the customer has physical possession. We
use proof of delivery for certain large equipment with more complex logistics, whereas the delivery of other equipment is estimated
based on historical averages of in-transit periods (i.e., time between shipment and delivery).
Our billing terms for these point-in-time equipment contracts generally coincide with delivery to the customer; however, within certain
businesses, we receive progress collections from customers for large equipment purchases, to generally reserve production slots.
Progress collections are not considered a significant financing component as they are intended to protect from the other party failing to
adequately complete some or all of its obligations under the contract.
For certain commercial engine programs, we make payments to airlines related to future aircraft deliveries by airframers (“aircraft
allowances”). We record aircraft allowances as a reduction in revenue when control of the engine is transferred to our airframer
customer.
Some of our contracts require us to make payments to customers related to failure to deliver our equipment on-time or meeting certain
performance specifications, which is factored into our estimate of variable consideration using the expected value method and taking
into consideration performance relative to our contractual obligations, specified liquidated damages rates, if applicable, and history of
paying liquidated damages to the customer or similar customers.
REVENUES FROM THE SALE OF SERVICES. Consistent with our Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations (MD&A) discussion and the way we manage our businesses, we refer to sales under service agreements, which
includes both goods (such as spare parts and equipment upgrades) and related services (such as monitoring, maintenance and repairs)
as sales of “services,” which is an important part of our operations. We sometimes offer our customers financing discounts for the
purchase of certain equipment when sold in contemplation of long-term service agreements. These sales are accounted for as financing
arrangements when payments for the equipment are collected through higher usage-based fees from servicing the equipment. See
Note 8 for further information.
Performance Obligations Satisfied Over Time. We enter into long-term service agreements with our customers primarily within our
Aerospace and Power segments. These agreements require us to provide preventative maintenance, overhauls, and standby
"warranty-type" services that include certain levels of assurance regarding asset performance and uptime throughout the contract
periods, which generally range from 5 to 25 years. We account for items that are integral to the maintenance of the equipment as part of
our performance obligation, unless the customer has a substantive right to make a separate purchasing decision (e.g., equipment
upgrade).
We recognize revenue as we perform under the arrangements using the percentage of completion method which is based on our costs
incurred to date relative to our estimate of total expected costs. Throughout the life of a contract, this measure of progress captures the
nature, timing and extent of our underlying performance activities as our stand-ready services often fluctuate between routine
inspections and maintenance, unscheduled service events and major overhauls at predetermined usage intervals. We provide for
potential losses on these agreements when it is probable that we will incur the loss.
Our billing terms for these arrangements are generally based on the utilization of the asset (e.g., per hour of usage) or upon the
occurrence of a major maintenance event within the contract, such as an overhaul. The differences between the timing of our revenue
recognized (based on costs incurred) and customer billings (based on contractual terms) results in changes to our contract asset or
contract liability positions. See Note 8 for further information.
We also enter into long-term services agreements in our Renewable Energy segment. Revenues are recognized for these
arrangements on a straight-line basis consistent with the nature, timing and extent of our services, which primarily relate to routine
maintenance and as needed equipment repairs. We generally invoice periodically as services are provided.
Performance Obligations Satisfied at a Point in Time. We sell certain tangible products, largely spare parts, through our services
businesses. We recognize revenues and bill our customers at the point in time that the customer obtains control of the good, which is
generally at the point in time we deliver the spare part to the customer.
COLLABORATIVE ARRANGEMENTS. Our Aerospace business enters into collaborative arrangements and joint ventures with
manufacturers and suppliers of components used to build and maintain certain engines. Under these arrangements, GE and its
collaborative partners share in the risks and rewards of these programs through various revenue, cost and profit sharing payment
structures. GE recognizes revenue and costs for these arrangements based on the scope of work GE is responsible for transferring to
its customers. GE’s payments to participants are primarily recorded as either cost of services sold ($3,781 million, $2,890 million and
$2,116 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively) or as cost of equipment sold ($663 million,
$658 million and $751 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively). Our most significant collaborative
arrangement is with Safran Aircraft Engines, a subsidiary of Safran Group of France, which sells LEAP and CFM56 engines through
CFM International, a jointly owned non-consolidated company. GE makes substantial sales of parts and services to CFM International
based on arms-length terms.
CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED CASH. Debt securities and money market instruments with original maturities of
three months or less are included in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash unless classified as available-for-sale investment
securities. Restricted cash primarily comprised funds restricted in connection with certain ongoing litigation matters and amounted to
$447 million and $734 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
INVESTMENT SECURITIES. We report investments in available-for-sale debt securities and certain equity securities at fair value.
Unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale debt securities are recorded to other comprehensive income, net of applicable taxes.
Unrealized gains and losses on equity securities with readily determinable fair values are recorded to earnings.
Although we generally do not have the intent to sell any specific debt securities in the ordinary course of managing our portfolio, we
may sell debt securities prior to their maturities for a variety of reasons, including diversification, credit quality, yield and liquidity
requirements and the funding of claims and obligations to policyholders.
We regularly review investment securities for impairment. For debt securities, if we do not intend to sell the security or it is not more
likely than not that we will be required to sell the security before recovery of our amortized cost, we evaluate qualitative criteria, such as
the financial health of and specific prospects for the issuer, to determine whether we do not expect to recover the amortized cost basis
of the security. We also evaluate quantitative criteria including determining whether there has been an adverse change in expected
future cash flows. If we do not expect to recover the entire amortized cost basis of the security, we consider the security to contain an
expected credit loss, and we record the difference between the security’s amortized cost basis and its recoverable amount in earnings
as an allowance for credit loss and the difference between the security’s recoverable amount and fair value in other comprehensive
income. If we intend to sell the security or it is more likely than not we will be required to sell the security before recovery of its
amortized cost basis, the security is considered impaired, and we recognize the entire difference between the security’s amortized cost
basis and its fair value in earnings. See Note 3 for further information.
CURRENT RECEIVABLES. Amounts due from customers arising from the sales of equipment and services are recorded at the
outstanding amount, less allowance for losses. We regularly monitor the recoverability of our receivables. See Note 4 for further
information.
ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES. When we record customer receivables, contract assets and financing receivables arising from
revenue transactions, as well as commercial mortgage loans and reinsurance recoverables in our run-off insurance operations, financial
guarantees and certain commitments, we record an allowance for credit losses for the current expected credit losses (CECL) inherent in
the asset over its expected life. The allowance for credit losses is a valuation account deducted from the amortized cost basis of the
assets to present their net carrying value at the amount expected to be collected. Each period, the allowance for credit losses is
adjusted through earnings to reflect expected credit losses over the remaining lives of the assets. We evaluate debt securities with
unrealized losses to determine whether any of the losses arise from concerns about the issuer’s credit or the underlying collateral and
record an allowance for credit losses, if required.
We estimate expected credit losses based on relevant information about past events, including historical experience, current conditions,
and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount. When measuring expected credit losses,
we pool assets with similar country risk and credit risk characteristics. Changes in the relevant information may significantly affect the
estimates of expected credit losses.
INVENTORIES. All inventories are stated at lower of cost or realizable values. Cost of inventories is primarily determined on a first-in,
first-out (FIFO) basis. See Note 5 for further information.
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT. The cost of property, plant and equipment is generally depreciated on a straight-line basis
over its estimated economic life. See Note 6 for further information.
LEASE ACCOUNTING FOR LESSEE ARRANGEMENTS. At lease commencement, we record a lease liability and corresponding
right-of-use (ROU) asset. Options to extend the lease are included as part of the ROU lease asset and liability when it is reasonably
certain the Company will exercise the option. We have elected to include lease and non-lease components in determining our lease
liability for all leased assets except our vehicle leases. Non-lease components are generally services that the lessor performs for the
Company associated with the leased asset. The present value of our lease liability is determined using our incremental collateralized
borrowing rate at lease inception. For leases with an initial term of 12 months or less, an ROU asset and lease liability is not recognized
and lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. We test ROU assets whenever events or changes in
circumstance indicate that the asset may be impaired.
Definite-lived intangible asset costs are generally amortized on a straight-line basis over the asset’s estimated economic life, except for
individually significant customer-related intangible assets that are amortized in relation to total related sales. Amortizable intangible
assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the related carrying amounts may not
be recoverable. In these circumstances, they are tested for impairment based on undiscounted cash flows and, if impaired, written
down to estimated fair value based on either discounted cash flows or appraised values. See Note 7 for further information.
DERIVATIVES AND HEDGING. We use derivatives to manage a variety of risks, including risks related to interest rates, foreign
exchange, certain equity investments and commodity prices. Accounting for derivatives as hedges requires that, at inception and over
the term of the arrangement, the hedged item and related derivative meet the requirements for hedge accounting. In evaluating whether
a particular relationship qualifies for hedge accounting, we test effectiveness at inception and each reporting period thereafter by
determining whether changes in the fair value of the derivative offset, within a specified range, changes in the fair value of the hedged
item. If fair value changes fail this test, we discontinue applying hedge accounting to that relationship prospectively. Fair values of both
the derivative instrument and the hedged item are calculated using internal valuation models incorporating market-based assumptions,
subject to third-party confirmation, as applicable. See Note 22 for further information.
DEFERRED INCOME TAXES. Deferred income tax balances reflect the effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts
of assets and liabilities and their tax basis, as well as from net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards, and are stated at enacted tax
rates expected to be in effect when those taxes are paid or recovered. Deferred income tax assets represent amounts available to
reduce income taxes payable on taxable income in future years. We evaluate the recoverability of these future tax deductions and
credits by assessing the adequacy of future expected taxable income from all sources, including reversal of taxable temporary
differences, forecasted operating earnings and available tax planning strategies. To the extent we consider it more likely than not that a
deferred tax asset will not be recovered, a valuation allowance is established. Deferred taxes, as needed, are provided for our
investment in affiliates and associated companies when we plan to remit those earnings. See Note 15 for further information.
INSURANCE. Our run-off insurance operations include providing insurance and reinsurance for life and health risks and providing
certain annuity products. Primary product types include long-term care, structured settlement annuities, life and disability insurance
contracts and investment contracts. Insurance contracts are contracts with significant mortality and/or morbidity risks, while investment
contracts are contracts without such risks. Insurance revenues are comprised primarily of premiums and investment income. For
traditional long-duration insurance contracts, we report premiums as revenue when due. Premiums received on non-traditional long-
duration insurance contracts and investment contracts, including annuities without significant mortality risk, are not reported as
revenues but rather as deposit liabilities. We recognize revenues for charges and assessments on these contracts, mostly for mortality,
administration and surrender. Interest credited to policyholder accounts is charged to expense.
Future policy benefit reserves represent the present value of future benefits to be paid to or on behalf of policyholders and related
expenses less the present value of future net premiums. The liability is measured for each group of contracts (i.e., cohorts) using
current cash flow assumptions. As a run-off insurance operation consisting substantially all of reinsurance, contracts are grouped into
cohorts by legal entity and product type, based on the date the reinsurance contract was consummated. Future policy benefit reserves
are adjusted each period as a result of updating lifetime net premium ratios for differences between actual and expected experience
with the retroactive effect of those variances recognized in current period earnings. We review at least annually in the third quarter,
future policy benefit reserves cash flow assumptions, except related claim expenses which remain locked-in, and if the review
concludes that the assumptions need to be updated, future policy benefit reserves are adjusted retroactively based on the revised net
premium ratio using actual historical experience, updated cash flow assumptions, and the locked-in discount rate with the effect of
those changes recognized in current period earnings.
As our insurance operations are in run-off, the locked-in discount rate is used for the computation of interest accretion on future policy
benefit reserves recognized in earnings. However, cash flows used to estimate future policy benefit reserves are also discounted using
an upper-medium grade (i.e., low credit risk) fixed-income instrument yield reflecting the duration characteristics of the liabilities and is
updated each reporting period with changes recorded in AOCI. As a result, changes in the current discount rate at each reporting period
are recognized as an adjustment to AOCI and not earnings each period, whereas changes relating to cash flow assumptions are
recognized in the Statement of Earnings (Loss).
Liabilities for investment contracts equal the account value, that is, the amount that accrues to the benefit of the contract or policyholder
including credited interest and assessments through the financial statement date. See Note 12 for further information.
POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS. We sponsor a number of pension and retiree health and life insurance benefit plans that we
present in three categories, principal pension plans, other pension plans and principal retiree benefit plans. We use a December 31
measurement date for these plans. On our Statement of Financial Position, we measure our plan assets at fair value and the obligations
at the present value of the estimated payments to plan participants. Participants earn benefits based on their service and pay. Those
estimated future payment amounts are determined based on assumptions. Differences between our actual results and what we
assumed are recorded in a separate component of equity each period. These differences are amortized into earnings over the
remaining average future service of active employees or the expected life of inactive participants, as applicable, who participate in the
plan. See Note 13 for further information.
SUPPLY CHAIN FINANCE PROGRAMS. We evaluate supply chain finance programs to ensure where we use a third-party
intermediary to settle our trade payables, their involvement does not change the nature, existence, amount, or timing of our trade
payables and does not provide the Company with any direct economic benefit. If any characteristics of the trade payables change or we
receive a direct economic benefit, we reclassify the trade payables as borrowings.
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS. The following sections describe the valuation methodologies we use to measure financial and non-
financial instruments accounted for at fair value including certain assets within our pension plans and retiree benefit plans. Observable
inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect our market assumptions. These inputs
establish a fair value hierarchy: Level 1 – Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets; Level 2 – Quoted prices for similar
instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived
valuations whose inputs are observable or whose significant value drivers are observable; and Level 3 – Significant inputs to the
valuation model are unobservable.
RECURRING FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS. For financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, primarily
investment securities and derivatives, fair value is the price we would receive to sell an asset or pay to transfer a liability in an orderly
transaction with a market participant at the measurement date. In the absence of active markets for the identical assets or liabilities,
such measurements involve developing assumptions based on market observable data and, in the absence of such data, internal
information that is consistent with what market participants would use in a hypothetical transaction that occurs at the measurement
date. See Note 21 for further information.
Debt Securities. When available, we use quoted market prices to determine the fair value of debt securities which are included in Level
1. For our remaining debt securities, we obtain pricing information from an independent pricing vendor. The inputs and assumptions to
the pricing vendor’s models are derived from market observable sources including benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer
quotes, issuer spreads, benchmark securities, bids, offers and other market-related data. These investments are included in Level 2.
Our pricing vendors may also provide us with valuations that are based on significant unobservable inputs, and in those circumstances,
we classify the investment securities in Level 3.
Annually, we conduct reviews of our primary pricing vendor to validate that the inputs used in that vendor’s pricing process are deemed
to be market observable as defined in the standard. We believe that the prices received from our pricing vendor are representative of
prices that would be received to sell the assets at the measurement date (exit prices) and are classified appropriately in the hierarchy.
We use non-binding broker quotes and other third-party pricing services as our primary basis for valuation when there is limited, or no,
relevant market activity for a specific instrument or for other instruments that share similar characteristics. Debt securities priced in this
manner are included in Level 3.
Equity securities with readily determinable fair values. These publicly traded equity securities are valued using quoted prices and
are included in Level 1.
Derivatives. The majority of our derivatives are valued using internal models. The models maximize the use of market observable
inputs including interest rate curves and both forward and spot prices for currencies and commodities. Derivative assets and liabilities
included in Level 2 primarily represent interest rate swaps, cross-currency swaps and foreign currency and commodity forward and
option contracts.
Investments in private equity, real estate and collective funds held within our pension plans. Most investments are generally
valued using the net asset value (NAV) per share as a practical expedient for fair value provided certain criteria are met. The NAVs are
determined based on the fair values of the underlying investments in the funds. Investments that are measured at fair value using the
NAV practical expedient are not required to be classified in the fair value hierarchy. Investments classified within Level 3 primarily relate
to real estate and private equities which are valued using unobservable inputs, primarily by discounting expected future cash flows,
using comparative market multiples, third-party pricing sources, or a combination of these approaches as appropriate. See Note 13 for
further information.
NONRECURRING FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS. Certain assets are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. These assets
may include loans and long-lived assets reduced to fair value upon classification as held for sale, impaired loans based on the fair value
of the underlying collateral, impaired equity securities without readily determinable fair value, equity method investments and long-lived
assets, and remeasured retained investments in formerly consolidated subsidiaries upon a change in control that results in the
deconsolidation of that subsidiary and retention of a noncontrolling stake in the entity. Assets written down to fair value when impaired
and retained investments are not subsequently adjusted to fair value unless further impairment occurs.
Long-lived Assets. Fair values of long-lived assets are primarily derived internally and are based on observed sales transactions for
similar assets or discounted cash flow estimates. In other instances for which we do not have comparable observed sales transaction
data, collateral values are developed internally and corroborated by external appraisal information. Adjustments to third-party valuations
may be performed in circumstances where market comparables are not specific to the attributes of the specific collateral or appraisal
information may not be reflective of current market conditions due to the passage of time and the occurrence of market events since
receipt of the information.
NOTE 2. BUSINESSES HELD FOR SALE AND DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS. In the fourth quarter of 2022, we signed a
binding agreement to sell a portion of our Steam business within our Power segment to Électricité de France S.A. (EDF). We are
working with EDF to complete the sale as soon as possible, subject to regulatory approvals and other closing conditions. Closing the
transaction is expected to result in a significant gain.
In the fourth quarter of 2022, we classified our captive industrial insurance subsidiary, Electric Insurance Company, domiciled in
Massachusetts, with assets of $541 million and liabilities of $378 million as of December 31, 2023, into held for sale. In the third quarter
of 2023, we signed a binding agreement to sell this business and expect to complete the sale, subject to regulatory approvals and other
customary closing conditions, in the first half of 2024. In connection with the expected sale, for the year ended December 31, 2023, we
recorded a loss of $109 million in Other income (loss) in our Statement of Earnings (Loss).
ASSETS AND LIABILITIES OF BUSINESSES HELD FOR SALE December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022
Cash and cash equivalents $ 609 $ 35
Current receivables, inventories and contract assets 551 495
Non-current captive insurance investment securities 570 554
Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets - net 254 232
Valuation allowance on disposal group classified as held for sale (124) (17)
All other assets 125 76
Assets of businesses held for sale $ 1,985 $ 1,374
Progress collections and deferred income $ 1,001 $ 1,127
Insurance liabilities and annuity benefits 376 358
Accounts payable, equipment project payables and other current liabilities 392 371
All other liabilities 57 87
Liabilities of businesses held for sale $ 1,826 $ 1,944
DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS primarily comprise our former GE HealthCare business, our mortgage portfolio in Poland (Bank BPH),
our GE Capital Aviation Services (GECAS) business, and other trailing assets and liabilities associated with prior dispositions. Results
of operations, financial position and cash flows for these businesses are reported as discontinued operations for all periods presented
and the notes to the financial statements have been adjusted on a retrospective basis.
GE HealthCare. On January 3, 2023, we completed the previously announced separation of our HealthCare business (the Separation),
into a separate, independent, publicly traded company, GE HealthCare Technologies Inc. (GE HealthCare). The Separation was
structured as a tax-free spin-off, and was achieved through GE's pro-rata distribution of approximately 80.1% of the outstanding shares
of GE HealthCare to holders of GE common stock. In connection with the Separation, the historical results of GE HealthCare and
certain assets and liabilities included in the Separation are reported in GE's consolidated financial statements as discontinued
operations.
We have continuing involvement with GE HealthCare primarily through a transition services agreement, through which GE and GE
HealthCare continue to provide certain services to each other for a period of time following the Separation, and a trademark licensing
agreement. For the year ended December 31, 2023, we collected net cash of $842 million related to these activities.
Bank BPH. As previously reported, Bank BPH, along with other Polish banks, has been subject to ongoing litigation in Poland related to
its portfolio of floating rate residential mortgage loans, with cases brought by individual borrowers seeking relief related to their foreign
currency indexed or denominated mortgage loans in various courts throughout Poland. As previously reported, GE and Bank BPH
approved the adoption of a settlement program and recorded a charge of $1,014 million in the quarter ended June 30, 2023. The
estimate of total losses for borrower litigation at Bank BPH was $2,669 million and $1,359 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022,
respectively. In order to maintain appropriate regulatory capital levels, during the year ended December 31, 2023, we made previously
reported non-cash capital contributions in the form of intercompany loan forgiveness of $1,797 million; no incremental cash
contributions from GE were required in 2023. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we made cash capital contributions of
$530 million. For further information about factors that are relevant to the estimate of total losses for borrower litigation at Bank BPH,
see Note 24. Future changes or adverse developments could increase our estimate of total losses and potentially require future cash
contributions to Bank BPH.
GECAS/AerCap. We have continuing involvement with AerCap, primarily through a note receivable, ongoing sales or leases of
products and services, and transition services that we provide to AerCap. We paid net cash of $203 million to AerCap related to this
activity.
The tax benefit for the year ended December 31, 2023 for GE HealthCare relates to retroactive 2023 IRS guidance concerning foreign
tax credits and accounting method changes and completion of the 2022 U.S. federal tax return as well as net tax benefit resulting from
preparatory steps for the spin-off.
NOTE 3. INVESTMENT SECURITIES. All of our debt securities are classified as available-for-sale and substantially all are
investment-grade supporting obligations to annuitants and policyholders in our run-off insurance operations. We manage the
investments in our run-off insurance operations under strict investment guidelines, including limitations on asset class concentration,
single issuer exposures, asset-liability duration variances, and other factors to meet credit quality, yield, liquidity and diversification
requirements associated with servicing our insurance liabilities under reasonable circumstances. This process includes consideration of
various asset allocation strategies and incorporates information from several external investment advisors to improve our investment
yield subject to maintaining our ability to satisfy insurance liabilities when due, as well as considering our risk-based capital
requirements, regulatory constraints, and tolerance for surplus volatility. Asset allocation planning is a dynamic process that considers
changes in market conditions, risk appetite, liquidity needs and other factors, which are reviewed on a periodic basis by our investment
team. Our investment in GE HealthCare comprised 61.6 million shares (approximately 13.5% ownership interest) at December 31,
2023. We sold our remaining equity shares in AerCap and Baker Hughes during the fourth and first quarters of 2023, respectively. Our
senior note from AerCap, for which we have adopted the fair value option and matures in the fourth quarter of 2025, is still outstanding
as of December 31, 2023. Our GE HealthCare and AerCap investments are recorded as Equity securities with readily determinable fair
values (RDFV). Investment securities held within insurance entities are classified as non-current as they support the long-duration
insurance liabilities.
December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022
Gross Gross Gross Gross
Amortized unrealized unrealized Estimated Amortized unrealized unrealized Estimated
cost gains losses fair value cost gains losses fair value
Equity (GE HealthCare) $ — $ — $ — $ 4,761 $ — $ — $ — $ —
Equity and note (AerCap) — — — 944 — — — 7,403
Equity (Baker Hughes) — — — — — — — 207
Current investment securities $ — $ — $ — $ 5,706 $ — $ — $ — $ 7,609
Debt
U.S. corporate $ 27,495 $ 1,034 $ (1,606) $ 26,923 $ 26,921 $ 675 $ (2,164) $ 25,432
Non-U.S. corporate 2,529 34 (209) 2,353 2,548 18 (300) 2,266
State and municipal 2,828 79 (185) 2,723 2,898 66 (241) 2,722
Mortgage and asset-backed 4,827 34 (291) 4,571 4,442 21 (290) 4,173
Government and agencies 1,213 3 (116) 1,100 1,172 2 (147) 1,026
Other equity 331 — — 331 408 — — 408
Non-current investment securities $ 39,222 $ 1,183 $ (2,406) $ 38,000 $ 38,388 $ 781 $ (3,143) $ 36,027
The amortized cost of debt securities excludes accrued interest of $466 million and $457 million at December 31, 2023 and December
31, 2022, respectively, which is reported in All other current assets.
Total estimated fair value of debt securities in an unrealized loss position were $18,730 million and $21,482 million, of which $17,146
million and $3,275 million had gross unrealized losses of $(2,370) million and $(835) million and had been in a loss position for 12
months or more at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. At December 31, 2023, the majority of our U.S. and Non-
U.S. corporate securities' gross unrealized losses were in the consumer, electric, technology and insurance industries. In addition, gross
unrealized losses on our Mortgage and asset-backed securities included $(203) million related to commercial mortgage-backed
securities (CMBS) collateralized by pools of commercial mortgage loans on real estate, and $(82) million related to asset-backed
securities. The majority of our CMBS and asset-backed securities in an unrealized loss position have received investment-grade credit
ratings from the major rating agencies. For our securities in an unrealized loss position, the losses are not indicative of credit losses, we
currently do not intend to sell the investments, and it is not more likely than not that we will be required to sell the investments before
recovery of their amortized cost basis.
Cash flows associated with purchases, dispositions and maturities of insurance investment securities are as follows:
Contractual maturities of our debt securities (excluding mortgage and asset-backed securities) at December 31, 2023 are as follows:
In addition to the equity securities described above, we held $1,012 million and $614 million of equity securities without RDFV, including
$939 million and $548 million at Insurance, as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, that are classified within
non-current All other assets in our Statement of Financial Position. Fair value adjustments, including impairments, recorded in earnings
were $69 million for the year ended December 31, 2023 and insignificant for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. These are
primarily limited partnership investments in private equity, infrastructure and real estate funds that are measured at net asset value per
share (or equivalent) as a practical expedient to estimated fair value and are excluded from the fair value hierarchy.
Our run-off insurance operations have approximately $800 million of assets held by states or other regulatory bodies in statutorily
required deposit accounts, and approximately $31,800 million of assets held in trust accounts associated with reinsurance contracts
and reinsurance security trust agreements in place between either Employers Reassurance Corporation (ERAC) or Union Fidelity Life
Insurance Company (UFLIC) as the reinsuring entity and a number of ceding insurers. Assets in these trusts are held by an
independent trustee for the benefit of the ceding insurer, and are subject to various investment guidelines as set forth in the respective
reinsurance contracts and trust agreements. Some of these trust agreements may allow a ceding company to withdraw trust assets
from the trust and hold these assets on its balance sheet, in an account under its control for the benefit of ERAC or UFLIC which might
allow the ceding company to exercise investment control over such assets.
CURRENT RECEIVABLES
December 31 2023 2022
Customer receivables $ 12,349 $ 11,803
Revenue sharing program receivables(a) 1,252 1,326
Non-income based tax receivables 1,140 1,146
Supplier advances 891 691
Receivables from disposed businesses 121 115
Other sundry receivables 360 518
Allowance for credit losses (647) (768)
Total current receivables $ 15,466 $ 14,831
(a) Revenue sharing program receivables in Aerospace are amounts due from third parties who participate in engine programs by
developing and supplying certain engine components through the life of the program. The participants share in program revenues,
receive a share of customer progress payments and share costs related to discounts and warranties.
Sales of customer receivables. From time to time, the Company sells current or long-term receivables to third parties in response to
customer-sponsored requests or programs, to facilitate sales, or for risk mitigation purposes. The Company sold current customer
receivables to third parties and subsequently collected $2,110 million and $2,052 million in the year ended December 31, 2023 and
2022, respectively, related primarily to our participation in customer-sponsored supply chain finance programs. Within these programs,
primarily in Renewable Energy and Aerospace, the Company has no continuing involvement, fees associated with the transferred
receivables are covered by the customer and cash is received at the original invoice due date. Included in the sales of customer
receivables in the year ended December 31, 2023, was $82 million in our Gas Power business, primarily for risk mitigation purposes.
LONG-TERM RECEIVABLES
December 31 2023 2022
Long-term customer receivables(a) $ 479 $ 457
Supplier advances 274 266
Non-income based tax receivables 174 213
Sundry receivables 373 483
Allowance for credit losses (171) (183)
Total long-term receivables $ 1,129 $ 1,236
(a) The Company sold $83 million of long-term customer receivables to third parties for the year ended December 31, 2022, primarily in
our Gas Power business for risk mitigation purposes.
In the first quarter of 2022, we signed a non-binding memorandum of understanding for GE Steam Power to sell a portion of its
business to EDF, which resulted in a reclassification of that business to held for sale. As a result, we recognized a non-cash pre-tax
impairment charge of $59 million related to property, plant and equipment at our remaining Steam business within our Power segment.
This charge was recorded by Corporate in Selling, general, and administrative expenses in our consolidated Statement of Earnings
(Loss).
Operating Lease Liabilities. Our consolidated operating lease liabilities, included in All other liabilities in our Statement of Financial
Position, was $1,973 million and $2,089 million, as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Substantially all of our operating
leases have remaining lease terms of 14 years or less, some of which may include options to extend.
MATURITY OF LEASE LIABILITIES 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 Thereafter Total
Undiscounted lease payments $ 564 $ 428 $ 325 $ 233 $ 165 $ 586 $ 2,302
Less: imputed interest (329)
Total lease liability as of December 31, 2023 $ 1,973
In the fourth quarter of 2023, we performed our annual impairment test. Based on the results of this test, the fair values of each of our
reporting units exceeded their carrying values, however, we identified one reporting unit, our Additive reporting unit in our Aerospace
segment, for which the fair value was not substantially in excess of its carrying value. At December 31, 2023, our Additive reporting unit
had goodwill of $247 million.
Determining the fair value of reporting units requires the use of estimates and significant judgments that are based on a number of
factors including actual operating results. It is reasonably possible that the judgments and estimates described above could change in
future periods.
Intangible assets decreased $410 million in 2023, primarily as a result of amortization, partially offset by the acquisition of capitalized
software and customer-related intangibles mainly at Aerospace and Power of $191 million. Consolidated amortization expense was
$606 million, $1,338 million and $738 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
In the first quarter of 2022, we signed a non-binding memorandum of understanding for GE Steam Power to sell a portion of its
business to EDF, which resulted in a reclassification of that business to held for sale. As a result, we recognized a non-cash pre-tax
impairment charge of $765 million related to intangible assets at our remaining Steam business within our Power segment. We
determined the fair value of these intangible assets using an income approach. This charge was recorded by Corporate in Selling,
general, and administrative expenses in our Statement of Earnings (Loss).
Estimated consolidated annual pre-tax amortization for intangible assets over the next five calendar years are as follows:
During 2023, we recorded additions to intangible assets subject to amortization of $236 million with a weighted-average amortizable
period of 9.6 years, including capitalized software of $122 million, with a weighted-average amortizable period of 6.6 years.
NOTE 8. CONTRACT AND OTHER DEFERRED ASSETS & PROGRESS COLLECTIONS AND DEFERRED INCOME
Contract and other deferred assets decreased $1,337 million in the year ended December 31, 2023 primarily due to a decrease in
long-term service agreements, partially offset by the timing of revenue recognition ahead of billing milestones on long-term equipment
contracts. Our long-term service agreements decreased primarily due to billings of $13,165 million, partially offset by revenues
recognized of $11,312 million and a net favorable change in estimated profitability of $90 million at Power and $74 million at Aerospace.
Renewable
December 31, 2023 Aerospace Energy Power Corporate Total
Revenues in excess of billings $ 2,377 $ — $ 5,205 $ — $ 7,582
Billings in excess of revenues (7,902) — (1,810) — (9,712)
Long-term service agreements $ (5,525) $ — $ 3,395 $ — $ (2,130)
Equipment and other service agreements 494 1,374 1,499 263 3,630
Current contract assets $ (5,030) $ 1,374 $ 4,894 $ 263 $ 1,500
Nonrecurring engineering costs(a) 2,444 18 1 — 2,463
Customer advances and other(b) 2,342 — 601 — 2,943
Non-current contract and other deferred assets $ 4,785 $ 18 $ 603 $ — $ 5,406
Total contract and other deferred assets $ (245) $ 1,392 $ 5,497 $ 263 $ 6,907
Progress collections and deferred income increased $3,392 million primarily due to new collections received in excess of revenue
recognition primarily at Renewable Energy and Power. Revenues recognized for contracts included in a liability position at the
beginning of the year were $13,967 million and $12,345 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Renewable
December 31, 2023 Aerospace Energy Power Corporate Total
Progress collections $ 6,198 $ 6,886 $ 5,898 $ 124 $ 19,106
Current deferred income 201 239 20 112 571
Progress collections and deferred income $ 6,399 $ 7,125 $ 5,918 $ 236 $ 19,677
Non-current deferred income 1,150 122 48 20 1,339
Total Progress collections and deferred income $ 7,549 $ 7,247 $ 5,965 $ 256 $ 21,017
December 31, 2022
Progress collections $ 5,814 $ 5,195 $ 4,514 $ 131 $ 15,655
Current deferred income 233 208 13 107 562
Progress collections and deferred income $ 6,047 $ 5,404 $ 4,527 $ 238 $ 16,216
Non-current deferred income 1,110 183 104 12 1,409
Total Progress collections and deferred income $ 7,157 $ 5,586 $ 4,632 $ 250 $ 17,625
The total interest payments on consolidated borrowings are estimated to be $823 million, $774 million, $706 million, $653 million and
$628 million for 2024, 2025, 2026, 2027 and 2028, respectively.
We facilitate voluntary supply chain finance programs with third parties, which provide participating suppliers the opportunity to sell their
GE receivables to third parties at the sole discretion of both the suppliers and the third parties. Total supplier invoices paid through
these third-party programs were $8,552 million and $6,990 million for the year ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
NOTE 12. INSURANCE LIABILITIES AND ANNUITY BENEFITS. On January 1, 2023, we adopted Accounting Standards
Update No. 2018-12, Financial Services – Insurance (Topic 944): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Long-Duration
Contracts. The new guidance for measuring the liability for future policy benefits and related reinsurance recoverable asset was
adopted on a modified retrospective basis such that those balances were adjusted to conform to the new guidance at the January 1,
2021 transition date. Refer to the revised portions of our 2022 Form 10-K filed as Exhibit 99(a) with the Form 8-K on April 25, 2023 for
more information.
Insurance liabilities and annuity benefits comprise substantially all obligations to annuitants and insureds in our run-off insurance
operations. Our insurance operations (net of eliminations) generated revenues of $3,389 million, $2,957 million and $3,101 million,
profit was $332 million, $205 million and $798 million and net earnings was $260 million, $159 million and $627 million for the years
ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. These operations were primarily supported by investment securities of
$37,592 million and $35,503 million, limited partnerships of $3,300 million and $2,506 million, and a diversified commercial mortgage
loan portfolio substantially all collateralized by first liens on U.S. commercial real estate properties of $1,947 million and $1,975 million
(net of allowance for credit losses of $48 million and $27 million), at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. As of December 31,
2023, the commercial mortgage loan portfolio had one delinquent loan, no non-accrual loans and about one-third of the portfolio was
held in the office sector which had a weighted average loan-to-value ratio of 68%, debt service coverage of 1.6, and no scheduled
maturities through 2025. A summary of our insurance liabilities and annuity benefits is presented below:
2023 2022
Structured Structured
Long-term settlement Long-term settlement
Present value of expected net premiums care annuities Life care annuities Life
Balance, beginning of year $ 4,059 $ — $ 4,828 $ 5,652 $ — $ 6,622
Beginning balance at locked-in discount rate 3,958 — 5,210 4,451 — 5,443
Effect of changes in cash flow assumptions (4) — (77) (9) — 91
Effect of actual variances from expected experience (22) — (300) (289) — 6
Adjusted beginning of year balance 3,932 — 4,833 4,152 — 5,540
Interest accrual 207 — 192 223 — 203
Net premiums collected (394) — (315) (417) — (357)
Effect of foreign currency — — 64 — — (176)
Ending balance at locked-in discount rate 3,745 — 4,773 3,958 — 5,210
Effect of changes in discount rate assumptions 318 — 30 101 — (381)
Balance, end of period $ 4,063 $ — $ 4,803 $ 4,059 $ — $ 4,828
Present value of expected future policy benefits
Balance, beginning of year $ 28,316 $ 8,860 $ 5,868 $ 40,296 $ 12,328 $ 7,923
Beginning balance at locked-in discount rate 27,026 8,790 6,247 27,465 9,024 6,560
Effect of changes in cash flow assumptions (45) (16) 49 (413) (23) 120
Effect of actual variances from expected experience (13) 19 (241) (320) (10) 40
Adjusted beginning of year balance 26,968 8,793 6,055 26,732 8,990 6,720
Interest accrual 1,454 454 232 1,446 471 243
Benefit payments (1,278) (687) (508) (1,152) (671) (531)
Effect of foreign currency — — 67 — — (185)
Ending balance at locked-in discount rate 27,144 8,561 5,847 27,026 8,790 6,247
Effect of changes in discount rate assumptions 3,752 797 74 1,290 70 (380)
Balance, end of period $ 30,895 $ 9,357 $ 5,921 $ 28,316 $ 8,860 $ 5,868
Net future policy benefit reserves $ 26,832 $ 9,357 $ 1,117 $ 24,256 $ 8,860 $ 1,040
Less: Reinsurance recoverables, net of allowance for credit
losses (166) — (33) (171) — (67)
Net future policy benefit reserves, after reinsurance
recoverables $ 26,666 $ 9,357 $ 1,084 $ 24,085 $ 8,860 $ 973
The Statement of Earnings (Loss) for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 included gross premiums or assessments of $869
million and $935 million and interest accretion of $1,741 million and $1,735 million, respectively. For the years ended December 31,
2023 and 2022, gross premiums or assessments were substantially all related to long-term care of $496 million and $490 million and
life of $363 million and $415 million, while interest accretion was substantially all related to long-term care of $1,247 million and $1,224
million and structured settlement annuities of $454 million and $471 million, respectively.
The following table provides the amount of undiscounted and discounted expected future gross premiums and expected future benefits
and expenses for nonparticipating traditional contracts.
The following table provides the weighted-average durations of and weighted-average interest rates for the liability for future policy
benefits.
2023 2022
Structured Structured
Long-term settlement Long-term settlement
care annuities Life care annuities Life
Duration (years)(a) 12.8 11.3 5.3 13.0 10.7 5.0
Interest accretion rate 5.5% 5.4% 5.0% 5.5% 5.4% 4.9%
Current discount rate 4.9% 4.8% 4.7% 5.6% 5.5% 5.4%
(a) Determined using the current discount rate as of December 31, 2023 and 2022.
Our 2023 annual review of future policy benefit reserves cash flow assumptions resulted in an immaterial charge to net earnings,
indicating claims experience continues to develop consistently with our models. Our 2022 annual review resulted in changes to our
assumptions principally related to higher near-term mortality related to COVID-19.
Included in Insurance losses, annuity benefits and other costs in our Statement of Earnings (Loss) for the years ended December 31,
2023 and 2022 are unfavorable and favorable pre-tax adjustments of $(155) million and $404 million, respectively, from updating the net
premium ratio (i.e., the percentage of projected gross premiums required to cover expected policy benefits and related expenses) after
updating for actual historical experience each quarter and updating of future cash flow assumptions. Included in these amounts for the
years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, are unfavorable adjustments of $335 million and $190 million, respectively, due to
insufficient gross premiums (i.e., net premium ratio exceeded 100%), related to certain cohorts in our long-term care and life insurance
portfolios. These adjustments are primarily attributable to increases in the net premium ratio as a result of updating future cash flow
assumptions on cohorts where the beginning of the period net premium ratio exceeded 100%.
At December 31, 2023 and 2022, policyholders account balances totaled $1,725 million and $1,964 million, respectively. As our
insurance operations are in run-off, changes in policyholder account balances for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 are
primarily attributed to surrenders, withdrawals, and benefit payments of $489 million and $441 million, partially offset by net additions
from separate accounts and interest credited of $245 million and $271 million, respectively. Interest on policyholder account balances is
generally credited at minimum guaranteed rates, primarily between 3.0% and 6.0% at both December 31, 2023 and 2022.
Reinsurance recoveries are recorded as a reduction of Insurance losses, annuity benefits and other costs in our Statement of Earnings
(Loss) and amounted to $108 million, $321 million and $351 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021,
respectively. Reinsurance recoverables, net of allowances of insignificant amounts, are included in non-current All other assets in our
Statement of Financial Position, and amounted to $213 million and $255 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Statutory accounting practices, not GAAP, determine the required statutory capital levels of our insurance legal entities. Statutory
accounting practices are set forth by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC) as well as state laws, regulation and
general administrative rules and differ in certain respects from GAAP. We annually perform statutory asset adequacy testing, the results
of which may affect the amount or timing of capital contributions from GE to the insurance legal entities.
Following approval of a statutory permitted accounting practice in 2018 by our primary regulator, the Kansas Insurance Department
(KID), we provided a total of $13,215 million of capital contributions to our run-off insurance subsidiaries, including $1,815 million in the
first quarter of 2023. In accordance with the terms of the 2018 statutory permitted accounting practice, we expect to provide the final
capital contribution of up to $1,820 million in the first quarter of 2024, pending completion of our December 31, 2023 statutory reporting
process, which includes asset adequacy testing, subject to ongoing monitoring by KID. GE is a party to capital maintenance
agreements with its run-off insurance subsidiaries under which GE is required to maintain their statutory capital levels at 300% of their
year-end Authorized Control Level risk-based capital requirements as defined from time to time by the NAIC.
See Notes 1, 3 and 9 for further information related to our run-off insurance operations.
(a) Plans for GE Energy, including Power and Renewable Energy (will be part of GE Vernova) and GE Aerospace that reach $50 million
are not removed from the presentation unless part of a disposition or plan termination.
Effective January 1, 2023, certain postretirement benefit plans and liabilities were legally split or allocated. The HealthCare plans were
transferred to GE HealthCare in connection with the Separation. The GE Aerospace and GE Energy plans remain with GE until the
planned GE Vernova spin-off. Below is the funding status of the plans at December 31, 2023.
FUNDING STATUS BY PLAN TYPE at December 31, 2023 Benefit Obligation Fair Value of Assets Deficit/(Surplus)
Power and Renewable Energy:
GE Energy Pension Plan $ 10,239 $ 9,491 $ 748
GE Energy Supplementary Pension Plan 541 — 541
Other pension plans 6,712 6,851 (139)
Principal retiree benefit plans 766 — 766
18,258 16,342 1,916
Aerospace:
GE Aerospace Pension Plan 22,437 20,253 2,184
GE Aerospace Supplementary Pension Plan 3,000 — 3,000
Other pension plans 3,665 3,913 (248)
Principal retiree benefit plans 1,289 8 1,281
30,391 24,174 6,217
Total plans $ 48,649 $ 40,516 $ 8,133
FUNDING. The Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) determines minimum funding requirements in the U.S. No
contributions were required or made for the GE Energy Pension Plan or GE Aerospace Pension Plan during 2023 and based on our
current assumptions, we do not anticipate having to make additional required contributions in the near future. On an ERISA basis, our
estimate is that the GE Energy Pension Plan and GE Aerospace Pension Plan was 87% and 93% funded, respectively. The GAAP
funded status for GE Energy Pension Plan and GE Aerospace Pension Plan is 93% and 90%, respectively.
We expect to pay approximately $235 million for benefit payments in total under our GE Energy Supplementary Pension Plan and GE
Aerospace Supplementary Pension Plan and administrative expenses of our remaining principal pension plans and expect to contribute
approximately $100 million to other remaining pension plans in 2024. We fund retiree benefit plans on a pay-as-you-go basis and the
retiree benefit insurance trust at our discretion. We expect to contribute approximately $210 million in 2024 to fund such benefits.
ACTIONS. Pension benefits for United Kingdom (UK) participants have been frozen effective January 1, 2022. In addition, pension
benefits for Canadian participants have been frozen effective December 31, 2023. These transactions were reflected as a curtailment
loss in 2021 upon announcement.
Net periodic benefit income in 2024 is estimated to be $1,235 million, which is a decrease of approximately $135 million in income from
2023 from continuing operations. The decrease is primarily due to the impact of the discount rates and investment performance offset
by interest cost.
The components of net periodic benefit costs, other than the service cost component, are included in Non-operating benefit cost
(income) in our Statement of Earnings (Loss).
ASSUMPTIONS USED IN CALCULATIONS. Our defined benefit pension plans are accounted for on an actuarial basis, which requires
the selection of various assumptions, including a discount rate, a compensation assumption, an expected return on assets, mortality
rates of participants and expectation of mortality improvement.
Projected benefit obligations are measured as the present value of expected benefit payments. We discount those cash payments
using a discount rate. We determine the discount rate using the weighted-average yields on high-quality fixed-income securities with
maturities that correspond to the payment of benefits. Lower discount rates increase present values and generally increase
subsequent-year pension expense; higher discount rates decrease present values and generally reduce subsequent-year pension
expense.
The expected return on plan assets is the estimated long-term rate of return that will be earned on the investments used to fund the
benefit obligations. To determine the expected long-term rate of return on pension plan assets, we consider our asset allocation, as well
as historical and expected returns on various categories of plan assets. In developing future long-term return expectations for our
principal benefit plans’ assets, we formulate views on the future economic environment, both in the U.S. and abroad. We evaluate
general market trends and historical relationships among a number of key variables that impact asset class returns such as expected
earnings growth, inflation, valuations, yields and spreads, using both internal and external sources. We also take into account expected
volatility by asset class and diversification across classes to determine expected overall portfolio results given our asset allocation.
Based on our analysis, we have assumed a 7.00% long-term expected return on the GE Energy Pension Plan and GE Aerospace
Pension Plan assets for cost recognition in 2023 and 6.00% for the GE Pension Plan in 2022. For 2024 cost recognition, based on GE
Energy Pension Plan and GE Aerospace Pension Plan assets at December 31, 2023, we have assumed a 7.00% long-term expected
return.
The healthcare trend assumptions primarily apply to our pre-65 retiree medical plans. Most participants in our post-65 retiree plan have
a fixed subsidy and therefore are not subject to healthcare inflation.
We evaluate these critical assumptions at least annually on a plan and country-specific basis. We periodically evaluate other
assumptions involving demographics factors such as retirement age and turnover, and update them to reflect our actual experience and
expectations for the future. Actual results in any given year will often differ from actuarial assumptions because of economic and other
factors. Differences between our actual results and what we assumed are recorded in AOCI each period. These differences are
amortized into earnings over the remaining average future service of active participating employees or the expected life of inactive
participants, as applicable. For the principal pension plans, gains and losses are amortized using a straight-line method with a separate
layer for each year’s gains and losses. For most other pension plans and principal retiree benefit plans, gains and losses are amortized
using a straight-line or a corridor amortization method.
SENSITIVITIES TO KEY ASSUMPTIONS. Fluctuations in discount rates can significantly impact pension cost and obligations. We
would expect that a 25 basis point decrease in discount rate would increase our principal pension plan cost for the following year by
approximately $85 million and would also expect an increase in the principal pension plan projected benefit obligation at year-end by
approximately $905 million. The deficit sensitivity to the discount rate would be lower than the projected benefit obligation sensitivity as
a result of the liability hedging program incorporated in the asset allocation. A 50 basis point decrease in the expected return on assets
would increase principal pension plan cost in the following year by approximately $165 million.
THE COMPOSITION OF OUR PLAN ASSETS. The fair value of our pension plans' investments is presented below. The inputs and
valuation techniques used to measure the fair value of these assets are described in Note 1 and have been applied consistently.
ASSET ALLOCATION OF PENSION PLANS 2023 Target allocation 2023 Actual allocation
Other Pension Other Pension
Principal (weighted Principal (weighted
Pension average) Pension average)
Global equities 10.0 - 30.0 % 16 % 17 % 17 %
Debt securities (including cash equivalents) 31.0 - 81.5 60 55 62
Real estate 1.0 - 10.0 8 6 10
Private equities & other investments 6.0 - 34.0 16 22 11
Plan fiduciaries set investment policies and strategies for the principal pension plans and oversee their investment allocation, which
includes selecting investment managers and setting long-term strategic targets. The plan fiduciaries' primary strategic investment
objectives are balancing investment risk and return and monitoring the plan’s liquidity position in order to meet near-term benefit
payment and other cash needs. The plan has incorporated de-risking objectives and liability hedging programs as part of its long-term
investment strategy and utilizes a combination of long-dated corporate bonds, treasuries, strips and derivatives to implement its
investment strategies as well as for hedging asset and liability risks. Target allocation percentages are established at an asset class
level by plan fiduciaries. Target allocation ranges are guidelines, not limitations, and occasionally plan fiduciaries will approve
allocations above or below a target range.
GE securities represented 0.5% and 0.7% of the Principal Pension Plans' assets at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
DEFINED CONTRIBUTION AND DEFERRED COMPENSATION PLANS. We have a defined contribution plan for eligible U.S.
employees that provides employer contributions which were $342 million, $444 million and $418 million for the years ended December
31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. Employer contributions for continuing operations were $342 million, $322 million, and $299
million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. We also have deferred incentive compensation plans and
deferred salary plans for eligible employees. Liabilities associated with these plans were $916 million and $913 million as of December
31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Expenses associated with these plans from continuing operations was $63 million, $46
million, and $43 million for the years ended December 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively.
NOTE 15. INCOME TAXES. GE files a consolidated U.S. federal income tax return that enables GE's businesses to use tax
deductions and credits of one member of the group to reduce the tax that otherwise would have been payable by another member of
the group. The effective tax rate reflects the benefit of these tax reductions in the consolidated return. Cash payments are made to GE's
businesses for tax reductions and from GE's businesses for tax increases.
Our businesses are subject to a wide variety of U.S. federal, state and foreign tax laws, regulations and policies. Changes to these laws
or regulations may affect our tax liability, return on investments and business operations. On August 16, 2022, the U.S. enacted the
Inflation Reduction Act that includes a new alternative minimum tax based upon financial statement income (book minimum tax), an
excise tax on stock buybacks and tax incentives for energy and climate initiatives, among other provisions. The new book minimum tax
is expected to slow but not eliminate the favorable tax impact of our deferred tax assets, resulting in higher cash tax in some years that
would generate future tax credits. The impact of the book minimum tax will depend on our facts in each year and guidance from the
U.S. Department of the Treasury. Separately, there are tax incentives in the legislation that benefit our pre-tax income without increasing
tax expense.
EARNINGS (LOSS) FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS BEFORE INCOME TAXES 2023 2022 2021
U.S. earnings (loss) $ 7,037 $ (908) $ (3,596)
Non-U.S. earnings (loss) 3,154 109 (2,099)
Total $ 10,191 $ (799) $ (5,695)
Income taxes paid were $994 million, $1,128 million and $1,330 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021,
respectively, including payments reported in discontinued operations.
UNRECOGNIZED TAX POSITIONS. Annually, we file over 2,300 income tax returns in over 270 global taxing jurisdictions. We are
under examination or engaged in tax litigation in many of these jurisdictions. The IRS is currently auditing our consolidated U.S. income
tax returns for 2016-2018.
In September 2021, GE resolved its dispute with the United Kingdom tax authority, HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC) in connection with
interest deductions claimed by GE Capital for the years 2004-2015. As previously disclosed, HMRC had proposed to disallow interest
deductions with a potential impact of approximately $1,100 million, which included a possible assessment of tax and reduction of
deferred tax assets, not including interest and penalties. As part of the settlement, GE and HMRC agreed that a portion of the interest
deductions claimed were disallowed, with no fault or blame attributed to either party. The resolution concluded the dispute in its entirety
without interest or penalties. The adjustments result in no current tax payment to HMRC, but a deferred tax charge of $112 million as
part of discontinued operations as a result of a reduction of available tax attributes, which had previously been recorded as deferred tax
assets.
We classify interest on tax deficiencies as interest expense; we classify income tax penalties as provision for income taxes. For the
years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, $28 million, $36 million and $17 million of interest expense (income), respectively,
and $7 million, $(26) million and $(29) million of tax expense (income) related to penalties, respectively, were recognized in our
Statement of Earnings (Loss).
DEFERRED INCOME TAXES. As part of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (U.S. tax reform), the U.S. has enacted a minimum tax on
foreign earnings (global intangible low taxed income). We have not made an accrual for the deferred tax aspects of this provision. We
also have not provided deferred taxes on cumulative net earnings of non-U.S. affiliates and associated companies of approximately
$7 billion that have been reinvested indefinitely. Given U.S. tax reform, substantially all of our prior unrepatriated net earnings were
subject to U.S. tax and accordingly we expect to have the ability to repatriate available non-U.S. cash without additional federal tax cost,
and any foreign withholding tax on a repatriation to the U.S. may be at least partially offset by a U.S. foreign tax credit. Most of these
earnings have been reinvested in active non-U.S. business operations and it is not practicable to determine the income tax liability that
would be payable if such earnings were not reinvested indefinitely. We reassess reinvestment of earnings on an ongoing basis. In 2023
and 2022, in connection with the execution of the Company’s plans to prepare for the spin-off of GE Vernova and GE HealthCare, we
incurred $38 million and $66 million of tax, respectively, due to repatriation of previously reinvested earnings.
The total deferred tax asset as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 includes $858 million and $435 million, respectively,
related to the required capitalization of research costs for U.S. tax purposes effective January 1, 2022. Included in discontinued
operations as of December 31, 2022 is a deferred tax asset of $279 million related to GE HealthCare, which became a deferred asset
of the separate company upon spin-off in the first quarter of 2023. In the event capitalization of research costs is adjusted through
retroactive legislation effective for 2022, GE will record a tax provision benefit related to GE HealthCare research costs as a result of
the benefit in a consolidated GE tax return without payment under the Tax Matters Agreement.
The following table presents our net deferred tax assets and net deferred tax liabilities attributable to different tax jurisdictions or
different tax paying components.
Common stock. GE's authorized common stock consists of 1,650 million shares having a par value of $0.01 each, with 1,462 million
shares issued. Common stock shares outstanding were 1,088,415,995 and 1,089,107,878 at December 31, 2023 and 2022,
respectively. We repurchased 11.0 million, 13.6 million and 0.5 million shares, for a total of $1,135 million, $1,000 million and $36 million
for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
NOTE 17. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION. We grant stock options, restricted stock units and performance share units to
employees under the 2007 and 2022 Long-Term Incentive Plans. Grants made under all plans must be approved by the Management
Development and Compensation Committee of GE’s Board of Directors, which is composed entirely of independent directors. We
record compensation expense for awards expected to vest over the vesting period. We estimate forfeitures based on experience and
adjust expense to reflect actual forfeitures. When options are exercised, restricted stock units vest, and performance share awards are
earned, we issue shares from treasury stock.
Stock options provide employees the opportunity to purchase GE shares in the future at the market price of our stock on the date the
award is granted (the strike price). The options become exercisable over the vesting period, typically three years, and expire 10 years
from the grant date if not exercised. Restricted stock units (RSU) provide an employee with the right to receive one share of GE stock
when the restrictions lapse over the vesting period. Upon vesting, each RSU is converted into one share of GE common stock for each
unit. Performance share units (PSU) and performance shares provide an employee with the right to receive shares of GE stock based
upon achievement of certain performance or market metrics. Upon vesting, each PSU earned is converted into shares of GE common
stock. We value stock options using a Black-Scholes option pricing model, RSUs using market price on grant date, and PSUs and
performance shares using market price on grant date and a Monte Carlo simulation as needed based on performance metrics.
In connection with the separation of GE HealthCare, outstanding awards held by participants under the 2007 and 2022 Long-Term
Incentive Plans were equitably converted into shares of GE and/or GE HealthCare Technologies Inc. awards as required, to preserve
the intrinsic value of the awards prior to the separation. Adjustments to the stock-based compensation awards did not result in
incremental compensation expense.
Key assumptions used in the Black-Scholes valuation for stock options include: risk free rates of 4.2%, 1.6%, and 1.1%, dividend yields
of 0.4%, 0.4%, and 0.3%, expected volatility of 36%, 37%, and 40%, expected lives of 6.8 years, 6.8 years, and 6.2 years, and strike
prices of $88.15, $92.33, and $105.12 for 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively.
Total outstanding target PSUs and performance shares at December 31, 2023 were 2,315 thousand shares with a weighted average
fair value of $68.58. The intrinsic value and weighted average contractual term of target PSUs and performance shares outstanding
were $295 million and 1.3 years, respectively.
Our unvested restricted stock unit awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents are considered
participating securities and, therefore, are included in the computation of earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method. For the
year ended December 31, 2023, application of this treatment had an insignificant effect. For the years ended December 31, 2022 and
2021, as a result of the loss from continuing operations, losses were not allocated to the participating securities.
In 2023 and 2022, restructuring primarily included exit activities related to the restructuring programs announced in 2022, reflecting
lower Corporate shared-service and footprint needs as a result of the GE HealthCare spin-off, and exit activities across our businesses
planned to be part of GE Vernova, primarily reflecting the selectivity strategy to operate in fewer markets and to simplify and
standardize product variants at Renewable Energy. This plan was expanded during the third quarter of 2023 to include the consolidation
of the global footprint and related resources at our Power business to better serve our customers.
In 2021, restructuring primarily included exit activities at our Power business related to our new coal build wind-down actions, which
included the exit of certain product lines, closing certain manufacturing and office facilities and other workforce reduction programs.
SEPARATION COSTS. In November 2021, the company announced its plan to form three industry-leading, global public companies
focused on the growth sectors of aviation, healthcare, and energy. As a result of this plan, we have incurred and expect to continue to
incur separation, transition, and operational costs, which will depend on specifics of the transactions.
For the year ended December 31, 2023, we incurred pre-tax separation expense of $978 million and paid $1,059 million in cash,
primarily related to employee costs, professional fees, costs to establish certain stand-alone functions and information technology
systems, and other transformation and transaction costs to transition to stand-alone public companies. These costs are presented as
separation costs in our consolidated Statement of Earnings (Loss). In addition, we recognized $197 million of net tax benefit, primarily
associated with planned legal entity separation and tax on changes to indefinite reinvestment of foreign earnings.
As discussed in Note 2, GE completed the separation of its HealthCare business into a separate, independent publicly traded company,
GE HealthCare Technologies Inc. As a result, pre-tax separation costs specifically identifiable to GE HealthCare are now reflected in
discontinued operations. We incurred $22 million and $258 million in pre-tax costs, recognized $5 million and $54 million of tax benefit
and spent $182 million and $103 million in cash related to GE HealthCare for the year ended December 31, 2023 and 2022,
respectively.
NOTE 21. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS Our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis include debt
securities mainly supporting obligations to annuitants and policyholders in our run-off insurance operations, our equity interests in GE
HealthCare and AerCap and derivatives.
LEVEL 3 INSTRUMENTS. The majority of our Level 3 balances comprised debt securities classified as available-for-sale with changes
in fair value recorded in Other comprehensive income.
The majority of these Level 3 securities are fair valued using non-binding broker quotes or other third-party sources that utilize a
number of different unobservable inputs not subject to meaningful aggregation.
NOTE 22. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS. The following table provides information about assets and liabilities not carried at fair
value and excludes finance leases, equity securities without readily determinable fair value and non-financial assets and liabilities.
Substantially all of these assets are considered to be Level 3 and the vast majority of our liabilities’ fair value are considered Level 2.
DERIVATIVES AND HEDGING. Our policy requires that derivatives are used solely for managing risks and not for speculative
purposes. We use derivatives to manage currency risks related to foreign exchange, and interest rate and currency risk between
financial assets and liabilities, and certain equity investments and commodity prices.
We use cash flow hedges primarily to reduce or eliminate the effects of foreign exchange rate changes, net investment hedges to
hedge investments in foreign operations as well as fair value hedges to hedge the effects of interest rate and currency changes on debt
it has issued. We also use derivatives not designated as hedges from an accounting standpoint (and therefore we do not apply hedge
accounting to the relationship) but otherwise serve the same economic purpose as other hedging arrangements. We use economic
hedges when we have exposures to currency exchange risk for which we are unable to meet the requirements for hedge accounting or
when changes in the carrying amount of the hedged item are already recorded in earnings in the same period as the derivative making
hedge accounting unnecessary. Even though the derivative is an effective economic hedge, there may be a net effect on earnings in
each period due to differences in the timing of earnings recognition between the derivative and the hedged item.
FAIR VALUE HEDGES. As of December 31, 2023, all fair value hedges were terminated. Gains (losses) associated with the terminated
hedging relationships will continue to amortize into interest expense until the hedged borrowings mature. The cumulative amount of
hedging adjustments of $1,162 million (all on discontinued hedging relationships) was included in the carrying amount of the previously
hedged liability of $9,253 million. At December 31, 2022, the cumulative amount of hedging adjustments of $1,240 million (all on
discontinued hedging relationships) was included in the carrying amount of the previously hedged liability of $9,933 million. The
cumulative amount of hedging adjustments was primarily recorded in long-term borrowings.
Changes in the fair value of cash flow hedges are recorded in AOCI and recorded in earnings in the period in which the hedged
transaction occurs. The total amount in AOCI related to cash flow hedges of forecasted transactions was a $2 million loss as of
December 31, 2023. We expect to reclassify $6 million of loss to earnings in the next 12 months contemporaneously with the earnings
effects of the related forecasted transactions. As of December 31, 2023, the maximum term of derivative instruments that hedge
forecasted transactions was approximately 12 years.
The table below presents the effects of hedges and resulting gains (losses) of our derivative financial instruments in the Statement of
Earnings (Loss):
2023 2022
Debt
Interest Other extinguishment Interest Other
Revenues Expense SG&A(b) Income(a) Revenues costs Expense SG&A(b) Income(a)
$ 67,954 $ 1,118 $ 9,195 $ 57,521 $ 58,100 $ 465 $ 1,477 $ 9,173 $ 45,444
Cash flow hedges $ (1) $ (10) $ 1 $ 39 $ (23) $ (20) $ (2) $ (100)
Fair value hedges $ — $ (16)
Non-hedging derivatives $ — $ — $ 130 $ (167) $ 7 $ 159 $ (4) $ (269) $ (485)
(a) Amounts are inclusive of cost of sales and other income (loss).
(b) SG&A was primarily driven by hedges of deferred incentive compensation, and hedges of remeasurement of monetary assets and
liabilities.
NOTE 23. VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES. In our Statement of Financial Position, we have assets of $117 million and $401
million and liabilities of $203 million and $206 million at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, in consolidated
Variable Interest Entities (VIEs). These entities were created to help our customers facilitate or finance the purchase of GE equipment
and services and have no features that could expose us to losses that would significantly exceed the difference between the
consolidated assets and liabilities.
Our investments in unconsolidated VIEs were $6,657 million and $5,917 million at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022,
respectively. Of these investments, $1,272 million and $1,481 million were owned by Energy Financial Services (EFS), comprising
equity method investments, primarily renewable energy tax equity investments, at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022,
respectively. In addition, $5,151 million and $4,219 million were owned by our run-off insurance operations, primarily comprising equity
method investments at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Our maximum exposure to loss in respect of
unconsolidated VIEs is increased by our commitments to make additional investments in these entities described in Note 24.
NOTE 24. COMMITMENTS, GUARANTEES, PRODUCT WARRANTIES AND OTHER LOSS CONTINGENCIES
COMMITMENTS. We had total investment commitments of $3,809 million and unfunded lending commitments, primarily at EFS, of
$651 million at December 31, 2023. The investment commitments primarily comprise investments by our run-off insurance operations in
investment securities and other assets of $3,662 million and included within these commitments are obligations to make investments in
unconsolidated VIEs of $3,545 million. See Note 23 for further information.
As of December 31, 2023, in our Aerospace segment, we have committed to provide financing assistance of $2,676 million of future
customer acquisitions of aircraft equipped with our engines.
GUARANTEES. Credit support. We have provided $916 million of credit support on behalf of certain customers or associated
companies, predominantly joint ventures and partnerships, using arrangements such as standby letters of credit and performance
guarantees. The liability for such credit support was $21 million.
Indemnification agreements – Continuing Operations. GE has obligations under the Tax Matters Agreement to indemnify GE
HealthCare for certain tax costs and other indemnifications of $41 million, which are fully reserved. In addition, we have $289 million of
other indemnification commitments, including representations and warranties in sales of business assets, for which we recorded a
liability of $70 million.
Indemnification agreements - Discontinued Operations. Following the Separation of GE HealthCare on January 3, 2023, GE has
remaining performance and bank guarantees on behalf of its former HealthCare business, with a maximum aggregate exposure of
$44 million. GE also has obligations under the Transition Services Agreement and Tax Matters Agreement to indemnify GE HealthCare
for certain technology and tax costs of $81 million, which are fully reserved. In addition, we have provided specific indemnities to other
buyers of assets of our business that, in the aggregate, represent a maximum potential claim of $721 million with related reserves of
$71 million.
PRODUCT WARRANTIES. We provide for estimated product warranty expenses when we sell the related products. Because warranty
estimates are forecasts that are based on the best available information, mostly historical claims experience, claims costs may differ
from amounts provided. An analysis of changes in the liability for product warranties follows.
2023 2022 2021
Balance at January 1 $ 1,960 $ 1,730 $ 1,897
Current-year provisions(a) 961 1,081 635
Expenditures (886) (768) (724)
Other changes 18 (83) (78)
Balance at December 31 $ 2,053 $ 1,960 $ 1,730
a) The increase in current and prior-year provisions is primarily related to Renewable Energy which, in 2022, was substantially all due to
changes in estimates on pre-existing warranties and related to the deployment of repairs and other corrective measures.
LEGAL MATTERS. In the normal course of our business, we are involved from time to time in various arbitrations, class actions,
commercial litigation, investigations and other legal, regulatory or governmental actions, including the significant matters described
below that could have a material impact on our results of operations. In many proceedings, including the specific matters described
below, it is inherently difficult to determine whether any loss is probable or even reasonably possible or to estimate the size or range of
the possible loss, and accruals for legal matters are not recorded until a loss for a particular matter is considered probable and
reasonably estimable. Given the nature of legal matters and the complexities involved, it is often difficult to predict and determine a
meaningful estimate of loss or range of loss until we know, among other factors, the particular claims involved, the likelihood of success
of our defenses to those claims, the damages or other relief sought, how discovery or other procedural considerations will affect the
outcome, the settlement posture of other parties and other factors that may have a material effect on the outcome. For these matters,
unless otherwise specified, we do not believe it is possible to provide a meaningful estimate of loss at this time. Moreover, it is not
uncommon for legal matters to be resolved over many years, during which time relevant developments and new information must be
continuously evaluated.
Shareholder and related lawsuits. Since November 2017, several putative shareholder class actions under the federal securities laws
were filed against GE and certain affiliated individuals and consolidated into a single action currently pending in the U.S. District Court
for the Southern District of New York (the Hachem case, also referred to as the Sjunde AP-Fonden case). The complaint against
defendants GE and current and former GE executive officers alleged violations of Sections 10(b) and 20(a) and Rule 10b-5 of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 related to insurance reserves and accounting for long-term service agreements and seeks damages
on behalf of shareholders who acquired GE stock between February 27, 2013 and January 23, 2018. GE filed a motion to dismiss in
December 2019. In January 2021, the court granted the motion to dismiss as to the majority of the claims. Specifically, the court
dismissed all claims related to insurance reserves, as well as all claims related to accounting for long-term service agreements, with the
exception of certain claims about historic disclosures related to factoring in the Power business that survive as to GE and its former
CFO Jeffrey S. Bornstein. All other individual defendants have been dismissed from the case. In April 2022, the court granted the
plaintiffs' motion for class certification for shareholders who acquired stock between February 26, 2016 and January 23, 2018. In
September 2022, GE filed a motion for summary judgment on the plaintiffs' remaining claims. In September 2023, the court denied GE’s
motion for summary judgment, except as to claims arising from disclosures made between November 2017 and January 2018.
Since February 2018, multiple shareholder derivative lawsuits were filed against current and former GE executive officers and members
of GE’s Board of Directors and GE (as nominal defendant). These lawsuits have alleged violations of securities laws, breaches of
fiduciary duties, unjust enrichment, waste of corporate assets, abuse of control and gross mismanagement, although the specific
matters underlying the allegations in the lawsuits have varied. Two shareholder derivative lawsuits are currently pending: the Lindsey
and Priest/Tola cases, which were filed in New York state court. The allegations in these two cases relate to substantially the same facts
as those underlying the Sjunde AP-Fonden case. The plaintiffs seek unspecified damages and improvements in GE’s corporate
governance and internal procedures. The Lindsey case has been stayed by agreement of the parties, and GE filed a motion to dismiss
the Priest/Tola complaint in March 2021.
In July 2018, a putative class action (the Mahar case) was filed in New York state court naming as defendants GE, former GE executive
officers, a former member of GE’s Board of Directors and KPMG. It alleged violations of Sections 11, 12 and 15 of the Securities Act of
1933 based on alleged misstatements related to insurance reserves and performance of GE’s business segments in GE Stock Direct
Plan registration statements and documents incorporated therein by reference and seeks damages on behalf of shareholders who
acquired GE stock between July 20, 2015 and July 19, 2018 through the GE Stock Direct Plan. In February 2019, this case was
dismissed. In April 2019, GE filed a motion to dismiss. In October 2019, the court denied GE's motion to dismiss and stayed the case
pending the outcome of the Sjunde AP-Fonden case. In November 2019, the plaintiffs moved to re-argue to challenge the stay, and GE
cross-moved to re-argue the denial of the motion to dismiss and filed a notice of appeal. The court denied both motions for re-argument,
and in November 2020, the Appellate Division First Department affirmed the court's denial of GE's motion to dismiss. In January 2021,
GE filed a motion for leave to appeal to the New York Court of Appeals, and that motion was denied in March 2021.
GE Retirement Savings Plan class actions. In 2017, four putative class action lawsuits were filed regarding the oversight of the GE
RSP, and those class actions were consolidated into a single action in the U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts. The
consolidated complaint named as defendants GE, GE Asset Management, current and former GE and GE Asset Management
executive officers and employees who served on fiduciary bodies responsible for aspects of the GE RSP during the class period. Like
similar lawsuits that were brought against other companies in recent years, this action alleged that the defendants breached their
fiduciary duties under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) in their oversight of the GE RSP, principally by retaining
five proprietary funds that plaintiffs alleged were underperforming as investment options for plan participants and by charging higher
management fees than some alternative funds. The plaintiffs sought unspecified damages on behalf of a class of GE RSP participants
and beneficiaries from September 26, 2011 through the date of any judgment. In August and December 2018, the court issued orders
dismissing one count of the complaint and denying GE's motion to dismiss the remaining counts. In September 2022, both GE and the
plaintiffs filed motions for summary judgment on the remaining claims. In September 2023, GE executed a class action settlement with
plaintiffs in the amount of $61 million, which the court preliminarily approved in October 2023 with a hearing on final approval scheduled
for March 2024. Net of insurance contributions, this had an immaterial financial impact that GE recognized in its results for the quarter
ended September 30, 2023.
The estimate of total losses for borrower litigation at Bank BPH as of December 31, 2023 accounts for the costs of payments to
borrowers who we estimate will participate in the settlement program, as well as estimates for the results of litigation with other
borrowers, which in either case can exceed the value of the current loan balance. This estimate represents our best estimate of the total
losses we expect to incur over time. However, there are a number of factors that could affect the estimate in the future, including:
potentially significant judicial decisions or binding resolutions by the European Court of Justice (ECJ) or the Polish Supreme Court,
including a ruling by the ECJ in June 2023 that could significantly increase the cost to banks of loans invalidated by Polish courts and
encourage more borrower lawsuits; the impact of any such decisions or resolutions on how Polish courts will interpret and apply the law
in particular cases; the receptivity of borrowers over time to Bank BPH’s settlement program; the number of active and inactive
borrowers who sue Bank BPH; the ability of Bank BPH to recover from borrowers the original principal amount of loans invalidated by
Polish courts; and the impact of potential future legislation in Poland relating to foreign currency indexed or denominated mortgage
loans. While we are unable at this time to develop a meaningful estimate of reasonably possible losses beyond the amount currently
recorded, future changes related to any of the foregoing or in Bank BPH’s settlement approach, or other adverse developments such as
actions by regulators, legislators or other governmental authorities (including consumer protection regulators), could increase our
estimate of total losses and potentially require future cash contributions to Bank BPH. See Note 2 for further information.
ENVIRONMENTAL, HEALTH AND SAFETY MATTERS. Our operations, like operations of other companies engaged in similar
businesses, involve the use, disposal and cleanup of substances regulated under environmental protection laws and nuclear
decommissioning regulations. We record reserves for obligations for ongoing and future environmental remediation activities, such as
the Housatonic River cleanup described below, and for additional liabilities we expect to incur in connection with previously remediated
sites, such as natural resource damages for the Hudson River where GE completed dredging in 2019. Additionally, like many other
industrial companies, we and our subsidiaries are defendants in various lawsuits related to alleged exposure by workers and others to
asbestos or other hazardous materials. Liabilities for environmental remediation, nuclear decommissioning and worker exposure claims
exclude possible insurance recoveries. It is reasonably possible that our exposure will exceed amounts accrued. However, due to
uncertainties about the status of laws, regulations, technology and information related to individual sites and lawsuits, such amounts are
not reasonably estimable. Total reserves related to environmental remediation, nuclear decommissioning and worker exposure claims
were $2,465 million and $2,415 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
In 2000, GE and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) entered into a consent decree relating to PCB cleanup of the Housatonic
River in Massachusetts. In October 2016, the EPA issued its final decision pursuant to the consent decree, which GE and several other
interested parties appealed to the EPA’s Environmental Appeals Board (EAB). The EAB issued its decision in January 2018, affirming
parts of the EPA’s decision and granting relief to GE on certain significant elements of its challenge. The EAB remanded the decision
back to the EPA to address those elements and reissue a revised final remedy, and the EPA convened a mediation process with GE
and interested stakeholders. In February 2020, the EPA announced an agreement between the EPA and many of the mediation
stakeholders, including GE, concerning a revised Housatonic River remedy. In March 2021, two local environmental advocacy groups
filed a joint petition to the EAB challenging portions of the revised permit; in February 2022, the EAB denied the petition, and the permit
became effective in March 2022. In May 2022, the two environmental advocacy groups petitioned the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First
Circuit to review the EPA’s final permit. The Court's denial of this petition in July 2023 was not appealed, concluding these proceedings
on the EPA’s remedy. As of December 31, 2023, and based on its assessment of current facts and circumstances, GE believes that it
has recorded adequate reserves to cover future obligations associated with the EPA's final remedy.
Expenditures for site remediation, nuclear decommissioning and worker exposure claims amounted to approximately $260 million, $220
million and $181 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. We presently expect that such
expenditures will be approximately $200 million in both 2024 and 2025.
Revenues are classified according to the region to which equipment and services are sold. For purposes of this analysis, the U.S. is
presented separately from the remainder of the Americas.
REMAINING PERFORMANCE OBLIGATION. As of December 31, 2023, the aggregate amount of the contracted revenues allocated
to our unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) performance obligations was $267,233 million. We expect to recognize revenue as we satisfy
our remaining performance obligations as follows: 1) equipment-related remaining performance obligation of $54,675 million of which
44%, 68% and 92% is expected to be recognized within 1, 2 and 5 years, respectively, and the remaining thereafter; and 2) services-
related remaining performance obligations of $212,558 million of which 12%, 42%, 66% and 82% is expected to be recognized within 1,
5, 10 and 15 years, respectively, and the remaining thereafter. Contract modifications could affect both the timing to complete as well as
the amount to be received as we fulfill the related remaining performance obligations.
Total sales of equipment and services to agencies of the U.S. Government were 8% of total revenues for the years ended December
31, 2023, 2022 and 2021. Within our Aerospace segment, defense-related sales were 6%, 7% and 7% of total revenues for the years
ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
PROFIT AND EARNINGS For the years ended December 31 2023 2022 2021
Aerospace $ 6,115 $ 4,775 $ 2,882
Renewable Energy (1,437) (2,240) (795)
Power 1,449 1,217 726
Total segment profit (loss) 6,126 3,751 2,812
Corporate(a) 3,785 (2,875) 1,158
Interest and other financial charges (1,073) (1,423) (1,727)
Debt extinguishment costs — (465) (6,524)
Non-operating benefit income (cost) 1,585 409 (1,136)
Benefit (provision) for income taxes (1,357) (210) 595
Preferred stock dividends (295) (289) (237)
Earnings (loss) from continuing operations attributable to GE common shareholders 8,772 (1,100) (5,058)
Earnings (loss) from discontinued operations attributable to GE common shareholders 414 1,151 (1,515)
Net earnings (loss) attributable to GE common shareholders $ 9,186 $ 51 $ (6,573)
(a) Includes interest and other financial charges of $45 million, $54 million and $63 million and benefit for income taxes of $195 million,
$213 million and $162 million related to EFS within Corporate for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021,
respectively.
We classify certain assets that cannot meaningfully be associated with specific geographic areas as “Other Global” for this purpose.
The increase in continuing assets in 2023 was primarily driven by higher cash from net income, the retention of an ownership interest in
GEHC, partially offset by cash paid for share redemptions and repurchases and depreciation and amortization on property, plant and
equipment and intangible assets. Property, plant and equipment – net associated with operations based in the United States and
outside the United States was approximately 4% and 3% and 3% and 4% of total continuing assets as of December 31, 2023 and 2022,
respectively.
AerCap is a SEC registrant with separate filing requirements, and their respective financial information can be obtained from
www.sec.gov.
Summarized financial information of these equity method investments, exclusive of AerCap, is as follows.
Earnings-per-share amounts are computed independently each quarter for earnings (loss) from continuing operations, earnings (loss)
from discontinued operations and net earnings (loss). As a result, the sum of each quarter’s per-share amount may not equal the total
per-share amount for the respective year; and the sum of per-share amounts from continuing operations and discontinued operations
may not equal the total per-share amounts for net earnings (loss) for the respective quarters.
H. Lawrence Culp, Jr. Chairman of the Board & Chief Executive Officer, GE; 60 October 2018
CEO, GE Aerospace
Rahul Ghai Senior Vice President & Chief Financial Officer, GE 52 September 2023
L. Kevin Cox Senior Vice President, Chief Human Resources Officer, GE 60 February 2019
Michael J. Holston Senior Vice President, General Counsel & Secretary, GE 61 April 2018
Russell Stokes Senior Vice President, GE; 52 September 2018
President & CEO, Commercial Engines and Services, GE Aerospace
Scott L. Strazik Senior Vice President, GE; 45 January 2019
President & CEO, GE Vernova;
Thomas S. Timko Vice President, Controller & Chief Accounting Officer, GE 55 September 2018
All Executive Officers are elected by the Board of Directors for an initial term that continues until the Board meeting immediately
preceding the next annual statutory meeting of shareholders, and thereafter are elected for one-year terms or until their successors
have been elected. Other than Mr. Ghai, the Executive Officers have been executives of General Electric Company for at least five
years.
Prior to joining GE in August 2022, Mr. Ghai was Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Otis Worldwide Corporation, an
elevator and escalator manufacturing, installation and service company, since 2019. Prior to that, he served as Senior Vice President
and Chief Financial Officer of Harris Corporation, a technology company and defense contractor, from 2016 until 2019.
The remaining information called for by this item is incorporated by reference to “Election of Directors”, “Other Governance Policies &
Practices”, “Board Committees”, and “Board Operations” in our definitive proxy statement for our 2024 Annual Meeting of Shareholders
to be held May 7, 2024, which will be filed within 120 days of the end of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 (the 2024 Proxy
Statement).
Exhibit
2 Separation and Distribution Agreement, dated November 7, 2022 by and between General Electric Company and GE HealthCare
Technologies Inc. (f/k/a GE Healthcare Holding LLC), as amended. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to GE’s Current Report on
Form 8-K, January 4, 2023 (Commission file no, 001-00035)).
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this annual
report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, and in the capacities
indicated, thereunto duly authorized in the City of Boston and Commonwealth of Massachusetts on the 2nd day of February 2024.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on
behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION
For shareholder inquiries, write to GE Share Owner Services, P.O. Box 64854, St. Paul, MN Forbes
55164-0854; or call (800) 786-2543 (800-STOCK-GE) or +1 (651) 450-4064. World’s Best
For internet access to general shareholder information and certain forms, including transfer Employers
instructions, visit the website at www.shareowneronline.com. You may also submit shareholder 5 Year Champion
inquiries using the email link in the “Contact Us” section of the website.
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