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    General Embryology

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    abdirahman ibrahim kadiye

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    General Embryology

    Uploaded by

    abdirahman ibrahim kadiye
    9 views69 pages

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPSX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppsx, pdf, or txt
    9 views69 pages

    General Embryology

    Uploaded by

    abdirahman ibrahim kadiye

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPSX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppsx, pdf, or txt
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    General

    Embryology Lecture I

    Sanjaya Adikari
    Department of Anatomy
    Our life begins as one cell formed by the

    union of the maternal and paternal germ

    cells

    Haploid Haploid
    (23) (23)

    Diploid Diploid
    (46/23 pairs) (46/23
    pairs)
    Diploid
    Human chromosomes
    Homologous pair
    Mitosis
    Meiosi
    s
    Gametogenesis

    Female
    Oogenesis
    Ovary Ovum/oocyte
    (primodial
    germ cells)

    Male
    Spermatogenesis Spermiogenesis
    Testis Spermatid Sperm
    (spermatogonia)
    Ovarian cycle

    Uterine cycle

    Hormonal cycle

    Development of the fetus

    Development of the placenta


    Ovarian cycle
    Fertilization
    Zygote
    LH

    FSH

    0 14 28

    hCG
    FSH & LH

    Fetus

    Oestrogen Uterus
    Progesteron
    Dating of pregnancy & the age of
    fetus

    /POA
    General
    Embryology Lecture II

    Sanjaya Adikari
    Department of Anatomy
    Early development of embryo
    Cleavage
    Blastocyst

    Day 05 After 1 wk
    Inner cell mass
    (embryoblast) Amniotic cavity
    embryonic plate

    Outer cell mass


    (trophoblast) Blastocyst cavity
    Bilaminar disc (2 weeks)
    Amniotic cavity

    Epiblast

    Hypoblast

    Syncytiotrophoblast
    Blastocyst cavity

    Cytotrophoblast
    embryonic pole

    exocoelomic cavity
    (primitive yolk sac)
    abembryonic pole
    exocoelomic membrane
    Bilaminar disc….cont.

    /Epiblast

    /Hypoblast
    Extra-embryonic mesoderm
    Amniotic cavity

    Connecting stalk

    Secondary yolk sac

    Extra-embryonic coelom
    (chorionic cavity)
    Gastrulation
    Trilaminar disc (3 weeks)

    Ectoderm

    Intra-embryonic
    mesoderm

    Endoderm
    Notochord
    Neural tube & neural crest cells

    Neural crest cells

    Neural tube

    Starts in the 3rd week


    Neural crest
    This is the earliest
    system to start
    Neural fold developing
    Notochord
    Folding of the embryo
    Paraxial mesoderm

    Intermediate mesoderm

    Ventral mesentary
    Derivatives of germ layers
    Ectoderm
    CNS including neural crest cells
    Peripheral nervous system
    Sensory epithelium of ear, eye and nose
    Skin (epidermis) and its appendages (hair, nails, sebaceous
    glands and sweat glands)
    Secretory component and ducts of mammary gland
    Pituitary gland
    Secretory acini and ducts of parotid salivary gland
    Enamal of teeth
    Lens of the eye
    ndoderm
    ning epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract
    ecretory acini and ducts of submandibular and sublingual salivary glands
    veolar parenchyma and the lining epithelium of the respiratory tract
    ver parenchyma
    pithelium of the gall bladder
    xocrine pancreas
    pithelium of the urinary bladder and urethra
    arenchyma of the thyroid and parathyroid glands
    pithelial lining of the tympanic cavity and auditory tube
    pithelium of the palatine tonsil
    assel’s corpuscles of thymus
    Mesoderm

    Paraxial mesoderm
    Sclerotome
    Myotome
    Dermatome

    Intermediate mesoderm

    Lateral plate mesoderm

    Somatic mesoderm
    Splanchnic mesoderm

    Branchial mesoderm
    Somites
    Limb bud
    Twins

    identical
    Totipotent Pluripotent Unipotent
    15 fail to get fertilized

    100 15 fail to get implanted

    70 get implanted

    70
    42 survive by the time of first
    missed menstruation

    Number of cases get


    Ovuma/oocytes aborted in coming weeks
    General
    Embryology Lecture III

    Sanjaya Adikari
    Department of Anatomy
    Placenta and the umbilical
    cord
    Syncytiotrophoblast
    Blastocyst cavity

    Cytotrophoblast
    Primary villus

    Secondary villus

    Tertiary villus
    Placental
    barrier

    2 1
    Cotyledon (15-20)

    Chorionic villi

    Lacunar/intervillous spaces
    Decidual plate

    Chorionic plate
    Macroscopic appearance of placenta
    Placenta – fetal surface
    Placenta – maternal surface
    Umbilical cord

    umbilical arteries umbilical vein

    Wharton’s jelly
    References

    • Medical embryology by Jan Langman

    • Human embryology and developmental

    biology by Bruce M. Carlson

    • Human embryology by Malkanthi S.

    Chandrasekera

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