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    Earthquakes and Tsunamis

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    Apple Jean Yecyec Alag
    Here are the key points about tsunamis from the document: - Tsunamis are caused by underwater earthquakes that displace large volumes of water, most often due to vertical movement of faults under the sea. - They travel at high speeds across the ocean but are barely noticeable. - When they reach shallow water near coastlines, they slow down but grow enormously in height, sometimes reaching over 100 feet, with devastating destructive power. - Warning signs include the sudden retreating of coastal waters prior to the wave, exposing normally submerged areas, as the incoming wave pulls water from shore in a "vacuum effect." - Proper response is to evacuate to high ground immediately if warning signs

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    Earthquakes and Tsunamis

    Uploaded by

    Apple Jean Yecyec Alag
    53 views14 pages
    Here are the key points about tsunamis from the document: - Tsunamis are caused by underwater earthquakes that displace large volumes of water, most often due to vertical movement of faults under the sea. - They travel at high speeds across the ocean but are barely noticeable. - When they reach shallow water near coastlines, they slow down but grow enormously in height, sometimes reaching over 100 feet, with devastating destructive power. - Warning signs include the sudden retreating of coastal waters prior to the wave, exposing normally submerged areas, as the incoming wave pulls water from shore in a "vacuum effect." - Proper response is to evacuate to high ground immediately if warning signs

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    Earthquakes and tsunamis

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    Here are the key points about tsunamis from the document: - Tsunamis are caused by underwater earthquakes that displace large volumes of water, most often due to vertical movement of faults under the sea. - They travel at high speeds across the ocean but are barely noticeable. - When they reach shallow water near coastlines, they slow down but grow enormously in height, sometimes reaching over 100 feet, with devastating destructive power. - Warning signs include the sudden retreating of coastal waters prior to the wave, exposing normally submerged areas, as the incoming wave pulls water from shore in a "vacuum effect." - Proper response is to evacuate to high ground immediately if warning signs

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    53 views14 pages

    Earthquakes and Tsunamis

    Uploaded by

    Apple Jean Yecyec Alag
    Here are the key points about tsunamis from the document: - Tsunamis are caused by underwater earthquakes that displace large volumes of water, most often due to vertical movement of faults under the sea. - They travel at high speeds across the ocean but are barely noticeable. - When they reach shallow water near coastlines, they slow down but grow enormously in height, sometimes reaching over 100 feet, with devastating destructive power. - Warning signs include the sudden retreating of coastal waters prior to the wave, exposing normally submerged areas, as the incoming wave pulls water from shore in a "vacuum effect." - Proper response is to evacuate to high ground immediately if warning signs

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 14

    Earthquakes

    and tsunamis
    • a powerful earthquake took
    place in the Pacific Ocean
    December • an earthquake took place
    in the Moro Gulf in
    near Japan. 2004 Mindanao. Later on, a
    • Afterward, a tsunami hit tsunami hit nearby
    Japan. Thousands of people • a strong earthquake
    were killed. occurred in the Indian coastal areas. Thousands
    • More than a million houses Ocean near Indonesia. of people were killed.
    and buildings were damaged • A tsunami soon followed. Many more were
    or destroyed. More than 200,000 declared missing.
    people were confirmed
    dead, many of them in
    March 2011 Indonesia, Thailand,
    India, and Sri Lanka.
    1976
    –What is the connection between earthquakes
    and tsunamis?
    – Faults are found not only on land but also under the sea. When a
    fault at the bottom of the sea suddenly moves, the water above it
    can be affected.
    – A sudden push from an underwater fault can produce a wave
    called a tsunami.
    – Unlike a wave that is formed by the wind, a tsunami is so much
    more powerful.
    – Wind waves are just sea-surface waves.
    – In comparison, a tsunami involves the whole depth of the sea,
    from the seafloor to the surface.
    – Far from the shore, a tsunami is low, maybe just a meter high. But
    it travels at the speed of a jet plane.
    – When the tsunami reaches the shore, it slows down but it grows
    in height.
    – A tsunami is very destructive, why?
    – Because the force of the whole ocean is behind it. This is the
    reason why whole towns and cities are totally devastated after a
    tsunami attack.
    – So, how are earthquakes related to tsunamis?
    – When a fault suddenly moves on land, you get an earthquake.

    – But if a fault suddenly moves in or near a body of water, you may


    get a tsunami in addition to the earthquake.
    – Thus, when you are near the sea and you feel a strong
    earthquake, treat that as a warning signal. Run to the highest
    place you can find, or if you have a vehicle, evacuate inland.
    – Not every fault movement beneath the sea will produce a
    tsunami.
    – Those faults that move in a horizontal direction or sideways will
    not result in a tsunami. The fault has to move in the vertical
    sense.
    – A sudden upward push triggered the wave.
    –
    Warning Signs of Tsunamis

    – A warning sign of a tsunami is when a vacuum effect


    occurs along the shore.
    – Coastal water appears to be sucked, and seafloors are
    exposed.
    – This retreating of sea water means a large volume of
    water will hit the shore five minutes or so later.
    Recognizing this phenomenon can save lives.
    Question 1
    Which of the following is not true about tsunamis?
    A. A tsunami is often comprised of a wave train - a series of waves.
    B. The coastal water appears to be sucked, and seafloors are
    hidden.
    C. When an underwater fault moves and generates an earthquake,
    a tsunami may be formed.
    D. One of the warning signs that a tsunami might occur is the
    vacuum effect occurs along the shore.
    Question 2

    Which of the following geologic hazards may result from the


    movement of faults?
    A. hurricane
    B. tsunami
    C. tornado
    D. typhoon
    Question 3

    Which of the following moving objects can have the same


    maximum speed as a tsunami?
    A. cheetah
    B. bicycle
    C. jet plane
    D. tortoise
    Question 4
    Which of the following is NOT considered as warning signs of
    tsunamis?
    A. Coastal water appears to be sucked, and seafloors are
    exposed.
    B. A warning sign of a tsunami is when a vacuum effect occurs
    along the shore.
    C. The retreating of sea water means a large volume of water
    will hit the shore five minutes or so later.
    D. There is no more danger after the first wave of the tsunami.
    Question 5
    Georgina is at the beach. She noticed that a large volume of sea
    water retreated from the shore. What is the best thing Georgina
    has to do?
    A. Move out of the shore and run to a higher ground.
    B. Wait for the large volume of water to come back.
    C. Shout for help.
    D. Stay in the shore and make sand castles.
    Question 6
    – Lizzie is about to go to a far away beach with her friends. She
    hears from the news that seismologists recorded an underwater
    earthquake with a magnitude 7.0 on that beach last night. What is
    the best thing Lizzie can do?
    A. Go to the beach, but stay on the shore.
    B. Inform her friends and cancel the trip.
    C. Tell her friends she cannot join the trip because she is not
    feeling well.
    D. Go to the beach because the earthquake already happened
    last night.

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