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    Lecture 1

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    This document provides an overview of the CHE766/BENG766 Biomaterials course, including instructors, class schedule, textbooks, journals, seminars, syllabus, grading policy, and the final project requirements. The course covers topics such as polymers, nanomaterials, hydrogels, and tissue engineering. Students will form groups to present on a research proposal for a biomaterials topic.

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    Lecture 1

    Uploaded by

    K C
    47 views27 pages
    This document provides an overview of the CHE766/BENG766 Biomaterials course, including instructors, class schedule, textbooks, journals, seminars, syllabus, grading policy, and the final project requirements. The course covers topics such as polymers, nanomaterials, hydrogels, and tissue engineering. Students will form groups to present on a research proposal for a biomaterials topic.

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    This document provides an overview of the CHE766/BENG766 Biomaterials course, including instructors, class schedule, textbooks, journals, seminars, syllabus, grading policy, and the final project requirements. The course covers topics such as polymers, nanomaterials, hydrogels, and tissue engineering. Students will form groups to present on a research proposal for a biomaterials topic.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    47 views27 pages

    Lecture 1

    Uploaded by

    K C
    This document provides an overview of the CHE766/BENG766 Biomaterials course, including instructors, class schedule, textbooks, journals, seminars, syllabus, grading policy, and the final project requirements. The course covers topics such as polymers, nanomaterials, hydrogels, and tissue engineering. Students will form groups to present on a research proposal for a biomaterials topic.

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    Biomaterials

    CHE766/BENG766

    1
    Instructors
    Dr. Linqing Li TA: Seth Edwards
    Office: Kingsbury W317 Office: Kingsbury W314
    Phone: Email: Seth.Edwards@unh.edu
    Email: Linqing.Li@unh.edu Office hours: Tuesdays 9:00am – 11:00am
    Office hours: Appointments

    Lab Section: (TBD)


    T: 2:10pm – 4:30pm, PARS S131
    Course Engagement
     Class schedule: TR 11:10am – 12:30pm PARS N116
     Attendance
     Ask Questions
     Form: Lectures, Ted Talks, You Tube, Guest Speaker (Dr. Nate Oldenhius,
    Chemistry Department), Seminars
     Assignments, Quiz, Mid-terms, Final project/presentation
     Office hours
     Extra points!
    Textbooks

    ISBN-13 978-0128161371 ISBN 0-13-009710-1 ISBN: 0-47-055673-0

    Other reading materials:


    Polymer Chemistry; Organic Chemistry textbook; Lectures note and research articles will be used.
    Journals Online access through UNH library

    Springer Nature Wiley American Chemical Society


    - Nature - Advanced Materials - ACS Biomaterials Science
    and engineering
    - Nature Materials - Advanced Functional Materials - Applied Bio Materials
    - Nature Biomedical Engineering - Advanced Healthcare Materials - ACS Materials Letters
    - Biomacromolecules
    - Nature Communication - Journal of Biomedical Materials - JACS
    Research Part A/B - Macromolecules

    Cell Press
    - Matter Royal Society of Chemistry
    - Biomaterial Science
    - Materials Horizons
    Elsevier
    - Polymer Chemistry
    - Biomaterials
    - Materials Today - Soft Matter
    - Journal of Materials Chemistry A/B/C
    Seminars
    Hosted by Dr. Gordana Vunjak-
    Novakovic
    Syllabus
    Part I: Biomaterials Science & Engineering
    Part I  Introduction to Materials in Medicine / Logistics
     General Biomaterials
    Part II  Cell Biology, Physiology, and Bonding
     Properties of Biomaterials
    Part III  Basic Cell Biology, ECM and Microenvironment

     Biocompatibility and test


     EXAM 1
    Part II : Polymers/Biopolymers
    Part I  Polymer Introduction
     Natural Polymers
    Part II
     Organic Chemistry and Polymers Synthesis
    Part III  Condensation & Free Radical Polymerizations

     Biopolymeric Materials
     Biodegradation

     Responsive Polymers & Scaffolds

     EXAM 2
    Part III: Nanomaterials and ECM-derived Hydrogels
    Part I • Introduction to Tissue Engineering

    • Nanoparticles and drug delivery


    Part II
    • Nanostructures and Nanotechnology
    Part III • Vascular Engineering
    • Designer Angiogenic Materials

    • Business, Patents, Regulatory, Commercialization of a


    Device; Ethics/Policy/etc.
    • Final Project/Presentation

    9
    Grading
    Homework 10% 
    Quizzes (4) 20% 
    Mid-terms (2) 30%
    Lab performance and reports 20% 
    Final Project 20% 

    Final Project

    The students will form groups of 3-4 members. Each group pick 3-4 research articles of one
    topic from a leading biomaterials research group. By the end of the semester, each group
    should come up with a proposal of the ‘next step’, and present it during the last week of the
    semester. A formal report is required from each group as well. 
    Lecture 1
    Introduction to Biomaterials
     Different classes of Materials

    metals, ceramics, polymers, glasses, carbons,

    composites, proteins Composition Function


    Structure
     Structural features

    atomic, molecular, nano-size, macroscopic

     Properties Characterization

    chemical, mechanical/physical, biological

     Characterization tools
    What is a Biomaterial?

     A nonviable material used in a medical device intended to interact with biological systems.

     Used to make devices to replace a part of a function of the body in a safe, reliable, economic,
    and physiologically acceptable manner.

     Any substance (other than a drug), natural or synthetic, that evaluate treats, augments, or replaces
    any tissue, organ, and body function.

    Think 3 words that are related to Biomaterials!

    Williams, D.F. (1987) Definitions in Biomaterials. Proceedings of a Consensus Conference of the European Society For Biomaterials, England, 1986, Elsevier, New York
    Word cloud generator from top articles including the word “Biomaterials”

     Solving problems in medicine and biology.


     Biomedical applications: implants, drug delivery, tissue engineering, immuno-bioengineering,
    sutures, adhesives, devices, disease modeling systems.
    Why “Biomaterial”?

     The compelling, human side to biomaterials is that millions of lives have been saved, and the quality of

    life improved of millions more!


     A fast evolving, multidisciplinary field!

    The combination of basic science (chemistry, physics and biology), engineering (chemical, materials, mechanical),
    with medicine (patient specific, preclinical) and industry (product development, manufacture and commercialization).
    Scope of Biomaterials
    Polymer Physics Polymer Synthesis
    Crosslinking chemistry Cell/tissue culture
    Surface Hydrogels and
    characterization controlled release Biological assays

    Mechanical Surface Chemistry Physiology and anatomy


    Fluorescence
    testing Nano/micro-particles Animal studies
    microscopy

    Physical Chemical Biological


    Biocompatibility ≠ Cytocompatibility
     Biocompatibility — The ability of a material to perform with an appropriate host response in a
    specific application.
     There is no general set of criteria, that if met, qualify a material as being biocompatible

     The time scale over which the host is exposed to the material or device must be considered

    Material Contact time


    Syringe needle 1-2 s
    Tongue depressor 10 s
    Contact lens 12 hr - 30 days
    Bone screw / plate 3-12 months
    Total hip replacement 10-15 yrs
    Intraocular lens 30 + yrs
    16
    Host Response — The response of the host organism
    (local and systemic) to the implanted material or device.

    1. What are some desirable host responses?

    2. What are some undesirable ones?

    17
    Material Selection Parameters: Surface vs Bulk properties

    Cells in contact

    • Diffusion
    Surface

    • Biocompatibility
    • Water Absorption
    Bulk Properties

    • Mechanical • Biostability

    • Thermal/Electrical Conductivity

    18
    Classes of Biomaterials
    Type Properties Examples Applications
    • Most successful Stainless steel, cobalt Stents, catheters,
    commercialization alloys, titanium alloys guidewires, joint
    1) Metal • Versatility, reliability and replacement implants, etc.
    affordability

    • Inorganic, inert, brittle, aluminum oxide, zirconia, Implants, medical part in


    high compressive calcium phosphates orthopedic and dental
    2) Ceramics strength and aesthetic
    appearance

    • Tunable properties: from silicones, poly(ethylene), Medical disposable


    tough to hydrogel, easily poly(vinyl chloride), supplies, prosthetic
    3) Polymer to form and affordable polyurethanes, polylactides implants, wound dressings,
    price. drug delivery, synthetic
    cartilages
    • Non-toxicity, collagen, gelatin, elastin, Wound closure devices,
    biocompatibility, silk, polysaccharides scaffolds, drug delivery,
    4) Natural hydrophilicity, and blood purification
    biodegradable nature.
    Vascular Microvascular system
    Bypass/Grafts

    A functional vasculature: blood flow to transfer oxygen and


    nutrients in engineered constructs, necessary for survival
    and integration after transplantation.
    A map of the blood vessels in human body.
    https://bodyworlds.com
    Tissue Engineering : The Missing Link - Vascularization
    Evolution of Biomaterials

    Structural  Cell matrices for 3-D growth and tissue


    reconstruction
    Soft Tissue Replacements
     Biosensors, Biomimetic, and smart devices

    Engineered Tissue Constructs


     Controlled Drug Delivery/ Targeted delivery

     Biohybrid organs and Cell immunoisolation


    Next Generation??  New biomaterials - bioactive, biodegradable,
    inorganic

     New processing techniques


    The Top 10 Deadliest Diseases in the World
    Requirements for Biomaterials
    Functionality General Volume, size, shape
    Surface characteristics
    Mechanical Elasticity/rigidity
    Strength/fracture resistance
    Tribiological properties (wear, friction)
    Stress transfer to cells/tissues
    Physical Electrical, thermal, optical, magnetic properties
    Chemical Control of biostability/biodegradation
    Biological Control of cell phenotype
    Control of molecular targeting
    Pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics
    Safety Biocompatibility Appropriate local host response
    Control of cytotoxicity
    Absence of remote or systemic adverse effects
    Clinical application Technique sensitivity
    Patient sensitivity
    Practical features Supply Suitability for quality manufacturing
    Sterilization and infection control
    Economics Acceptable costs of goods
    Appropriate business model
    Regulatory Absence of insurmountable hurdles
    Ethical Absence of insurmountable hurdles
    What Are Some Of The Challenges?

     To more closely replicate complex tissue architecture and arrangement in vitro?

     To better understand extracellular and intracellular modulators of cell function?

     To develop novel materials and processing techniques that are compatible with biological
    interfaces?

     To find better strategies for immune acceptance?

    26
    Aspects of Engineering Biomaterials
     Composition  Mechanics
    - chemical identity - rigidity (stiff or soft)
    - elasticity (brittle or stretchy, resilience)
    - concentration
    - dynamic (relax, creep etc )
    - components
     Biological features
    - Inert
     Physical properties
    - Cell-interactive
    - hydrophilic/hydrophobic
    - swelling  Geometry/Shape
    - porous/non-porous
     Surface Feature/Patterns

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