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Presented By: Bharat Kumawat ECE Department

This document provides an introduction to transducers and transducer-based instruments. It defines a transducer as a device that converts one form of energy into another. Transducers are classified as active/passive, primary/secondary, analog/digital, and normal/inverse. Common transducers discussed include resistance thermometers, thermocouples, and linear variable differential transformers (LVDTs). The document explains how each transducer works and their applications in measurement.

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91 views20 pages

Presented By: Bharat Kumawat ECE Department

This document provides an introduction to transducers and transducer-based instruments. It defines a transducer as a device that converts one form of energy into another. Transducers are classified as active/passive, primary/secondary, analog/digital, and normal/inverse. Common transducers discussed include resistance thermometers, thermocouples, and linear variable differential transformers (LVDTs). The document explains how each transducer works and their applications in measurement.

Uploaded by

shankergodwal
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to Transducer

and
Transducer Based Instruments

Presented By:
Bharat Kumawat
ECE Department
Contents
 What is transducer
 Classification of transducer
 Use of transducer in measurement.
 Measurement devices
Resistance thermometer
thermocouple
LVDT
Transducer

 Transducer is a device which converts one


form of energy into another form of energy

 Example: Fan, Tube-Light, Photo-Diode, Light


Emitting Diode (LED)
Classification of Transducers

We can classified transducer as a

• Active and Passive Transducers.


• Primary & Secondary Transducers.
• Analog & digital Transducers.
• transducer and inverse transducer.
Active and Passive
Active and Passive
Transducer
Transducer

Active transducer are those transducer which


do not require any external power supply for
transduction.
Example: Photodiode, Piezo-electronics crystal
Accelerometer
Passive transducer :are those devices which
require external power supply for transduction.
Example: LVDT, RVDT,
Primary & Secondary
Transducer
 According to this category, the very first input
is firstly converted into the intermediate
quantity by primary transducer. Then this
intermediate quantity is converted into the final
electrical quantity by secondary transducer

Example : Bourdon tube and LVDT


Why we Use of transducer in
measurement

 When direct measurement is not possible.


 when direct measurement is expensive.
Resistance thermometer

 This transducer convert temperature into


resistance
 It works on the principle of positive
temperature co-efficient
 Platinum ,copper , and nickel are generally
used in Resistance thermometer.
Construction of resistive thermometer
Circuit diagram of to measure the resistance
Advantage of Resistance thermometer

 It have wide temperature range from -200 to


.
650 C
 Fast in response
 High accuracy
 Small in size
Disadvantage of Resistance thermometer

 There cost is high.


 They need a bridge circuit ,power supply.
 They produce mechanical abuse of vibration.
 they have larger bulb size then thermocouples.
Thermocouple
 The working principle of a thermocouple depends on the
thermo-electric effect(see back effect).

 If two dissimilar metal are joined together so as to form a


closed circuit, there will be two junction where they meet
each other .if one of these junction is heated and another
one is kept at fixed lower temperature ,then a current
flows in the circuit. the amount of the current produce
depends on the difference in temperature between the two
junction.
Circuit diagram of thermocoupple
Advantage of thermocouple

 They are In expensive.


 No need of a bridge circuit.
 They have extremely wide temperature ranges
from -270 to 2800 degree centigrade.
 Good accuracy at high temperature.
LVDT

 It is linear variable differential transformer


(LVDT)
 This transducer is used to measure
displacement
Application of LVDT
 It can be used for measurement of
displacement.
 It is also used as secondary transducer for
measurement of force, pressure, and weight
 It is also used for measurement of liquid level
in tank


Advantages of LVDT

 It have a very high range for measurement of


displacement
 Since there is no physical contact between
movable core and coil structure which means
that LVDT is frictionless device. so there is no
wear out and long life
Disadvantage of LVDT

 They are affected by vibration


 Temperature effects the performance of LVDT
 Large in size

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