Section 2.

8
Naming Simple Compounds
Vocabulary - Review
Q: What is a cation?
A: A positive ion formed by a metal
Examples: Na+ Ca 2+ Al 3+

Q: What is an anion?
A: A negative ion formed by a nonmetal.
Examples: H- F- O 2- P 3-

Q: What is a polyatomic ion?

A: A group of charged atoms NH4+ SO42-

1
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Chemistry 12/11/23
1
Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Ionic Compounds
 Attraction between + ions and - ions
 Electrons go from metals to nonmetals

electron transfer
metal nonmetal ion+ ion–

Electrons lost = Electrons gain

NOTE: the net charge on the compound is zero
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Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Formation of Ionic Compounds

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3
Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Ionic Bonding
What happens when an atom of sodium reacts with an
atom of chlorine?

Na Na+ + 1e-

Cl + 1e- Cl-

Na + Cl + 1e- Na+Cl- + 1e-

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Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Ionic Bonding
We write Na+Cl- as simply NaCl

• The ionic compound is neutral – this means the net

(overall) charge is = 0.

• Now let’s try for cesium reacting with sulfur.

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 Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Ionic Bonding
Cs Cs+ + 1e-
S + 2e- S2-

Cs + S + 2e- Cs+S2- + 1e-

This equation is not balanced. What must be done to

correct this?

Solution:

1. Write the symbol for each ion present

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Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds
Writing a Formula
Write the formula for the ionic compound that
will form between Ba2+ and Cl.
Solution:
1. Balance charge with + and – ions
2. Write the positive ion of metal first, and the
negative ion Ba2+ Cl

3. Write the number of ions needed as

subscripts BaCl2 (NOTE WE CRISSCROSSED THE CHARGES)
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Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Ionic Compounds--Example: Sodium and oxygen react

1. You have to balance the charges.
2. You do this by criss-crossing the value of the charge
(not the + or -)

Sodium oxide
Na+ O2-

Na2O
we do not write the 1 as a subscript

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8
Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Ionic Compounds
Lithium iodide

Li+ I –

LiI

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Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Ionic Compounds
Magnesium oxide

Mg2+ O2-

Mg2O2 MUST be reduced to MgO

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Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Ionic Compounds
Let’s try a few:

Barium nitride
Ba3N2
Aluminum oxide
Al2O3
Cesium iodide
CsI
Sodium fluoride
NaF
Strontium bromide
SrBr2

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11
Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Learning Check
Write the correct formula for the
compounds containing the following ions:
A. Na+, S2-
B. Al3+, Cl-
C. Mg2+, N3-

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12
Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Solution
A. Na+, S2-
Na2S
B. Al3+, Cl-
AlCl3
C. Mg2+, N3-
Mg3N2

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Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Naming Compounds
• Binary Compounds
 Composed of two elements
 Ionic and covalent compounds included
• Binary Ionic Compounds
 Metal—nonmetal
• Binary Covalent Compounds
 Nonmetal—nonmetal

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Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

• Binary Compounds
 Composed of two elements
• Binary Ionic Compounds
 Metal—nonmetal
• Binary Covalent Compounds
 Nonmetal—nonmetal

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Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

• Binary ionic compounds

contain positive cations
and negative anions.
 Type I compounds
• Metal present forms
only one cation.
 Type II compounds
• Metal present can
form 2 or more
cations with
different charges.

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 Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Binary Ionic Compounds (Type I monatomic cations & anions)

1. Contain 2 different elements
2. The cation is always named first and the
anion second.
2. A cation has same name as element.
Examples: Ca2+ calcium
Al3+ aluminum
Na + sodium

3. A anion has the same name as the element

name with adding –ide to the end.
Examples: Cl - chloride
S2- sulfide
P3- phosphide Return to TOC

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Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Common Simple Cations and Anions

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Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Rules for Naming Type I Ionic Compounds

1. The cation is always named first and the anion
second.
2. A simple cation takes its name from the name
of the element.
3. A simple anion is named by taking the first part
of the element name (the root) and adding –ide.

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Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Binary Ionic Compounds (Type I)

• Examples:
KCl Potassium chloride

MgBr2 Magnesium bromide

CaO Calcium oxide

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Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Ionic Compounds
Now let us put it all together:

Na3N

Cation: sodium
Anion: nitride

Compound: Sodium nitride

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21
Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Ionic Compounds
BaO
Cation: barium
Anion: oxide

Compound: barium oxide

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 Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Naming Binary Ionic Compounds (Type I)

SUMMARY - Name the metal first, then the
nonmetal with ending changed to -ide.
Examples:
NaCl sodium chloride
ZnI2 zinc iodide
Al2O3 aluminum oxide
KCl Potassium chloride
MgBr2 Magnesium bromide
CaO Calcium oxide Return to TOC

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Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Exercise

What is the name of the compound SrBr2?

a) strontium bromine
b) sulfur bromide
c) strontium dibromide
d) strontium bromide

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24
Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Learning Check
Complete the names of the following type I
binary compounds:
Na3N sodium ________________

KBr potassium ________________

Al2O3 aluminum ________________

MgS _________________________

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25
Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Solution
Complete the names of the following binary
compounds:
Na3N sodium nitride
KBr potassium bromide

Al2O3 aluminum oxide

MgS magnesium sulfide

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Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Binary Ionic Compounds (Type II)

• Metals in these
compounds can form
more than one type of
positive charge.
• Charge on the metal ion
must be specified.
• Roman numeral
indicates the charge of
the metal cation.
• Transition metal cations
usually require a Roman
numeral.
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27
 Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Binary Ionic Compounds (Type II)

• Metals in these compounds form more than one
type of positive charge.
• Charge on the metal ion must be specified.
• Roman numeral indicates the charge of the metal
cation.
• Transition metal cations that form 2 or more
positive ions require a Roman numeral.
1+ or 2+ ____________________ 2+ or 3+

Cu+, Cu2+ Fe2+, Fe3+

copper(I) ion iron(II) ion Return to TOC

28
Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Common Type II Cations

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29
Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Rules for Naming Type II Ionic Compounds

1. The cation is always named first and the anion
second.
2. Because the cation can assume more than one
charge, the charge is specified by a Roman
numeral in parentheses.

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30
Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Binary Ionic Compounds (Type II)

• Examples:
CuBr Copper(I) bromide

FeS Iron(II) sulfide

PbO2 Lead(IV) oxide

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31
 Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds
Binary Ionic Compounds (Type II)
Use a roman number after the name of a metal that forms
two or more ions (note compound is neutral)

Example:
FeCl3 (Fe3+) iron (III) chloride
CuCl (Cu+ ) copper (I) chloride
SnF4 (Sn4+) tin (IV) fluoride
PbCl2 (Pb2+) lead (II) chloride
Fe2S3 (Fe3+)iron (III) sulfide

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Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Exercise

What is the name of the compound CrO2?

a) chromium oxide
b) chromium(II) oxide
c) chromium(IV) oxide
d) chromium dioxide

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33
Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Exercise

What is the correct name of the compound that

results from the most stable ion for sulfur and
the metal ion that contains 24 electrons?

a) iron(III) sulfide
b) chromium(II) sulfide
c) nickel(III) sulfate
d) iron(II) sulfide
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34
Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds
Learning Check
Complete the names of the following binary
compounds with variable metal ions:

FeBr2 iron (_____) bromide

Cu2O copper (_____) oxide

SnCl4 ___(_____ ) ______________

Fe2O3 ________________________

CuS ________________________
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35
Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds
Solution
Complete the names of the following binary
compounds with variable metal ions:

FeBr2 iron ( II ) bromide

Cu2O copper ( I ) oxide

SnCl4 tin (IV) chloride

Fe2O3 iron (III) oxide

CuS copper (II) sulfide

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Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Learning Check
Name the following compounds:
A. CaO

B. SnCl4

C. Co2O3

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 Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Solution
Name the following compounds:
A. CaO calcium oxide

B. SnCl4 tin(IV) chloride

C. Co2O3 cobalt (III) oxide

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Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

• Polyatomic ions are charged entities composed

of several atoms bound together.
• They have special names and must be
memorized. (see Table 2.5 on pg. 62 in text).
• Examples of compounds containing polyatomic ions:

NaOH Sodium hydroxide

Mg(NO ) Magnesium nitrate

32
(NH ) SO Ammonium sulfate
42 4

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Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Names of Common Polyatomic Ions

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40
Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

• Naming ionic compounds containing

polyatomic ions follows rules similar to those
for binary compounds.
 Ammonium acetate

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Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Examples
NaOH Sodium hydroxide

Mg(NO3)2 Magnesium nitrate

(NH4)2SO4 Ammonium sulfate

FePO4 Iron(III) phosphate

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Section 2.8
Naming Simple Compounds

Exercise

What is the name of the compound KClO3?

a) potassium chlorite
b) potassium chlorate
c) potassium perchlorate
d) potassium carbonate

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43