Creating an Enabling

Environment
to Address Teenage Pregnancy
in Cagayan de Oro City
ADDRESSING THE SEXUAL AND
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH OF
ADOLESCENTS
 CAGAYAN DE ORO CITY
POPULATION PYRAMID: 2020
80 and up

75 - 79
Why to ASRH?
70 - 74

65 - 69
4.8% • 28 percent are young
60 - 64

55 - 59
Filipinos (10-24)
• About 171 livebirths were
50 - 54

45 - 49

40 - 44 66.2%

35 - 39

30 - 34
born to minors every day
25 - 29

20 - 24
(in 2019)
15 - 19 29.0%

10 - 14

5-9

0-4

7.0 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0

male female
Why to ASRH?
• They are tomorrow’s
parents, leaders, game
changers and catalyst for
development. So decisions
at present including in
SRH will affect own well
being in the future
Why to ASRH?
• AYSRH is covered in the
Responsible Parenthood
and Reproductive Health
(RPRH) Law of 2012 and is
aligned with other national
and international plans…
Source: Alejandro N. Herrin. July 2016, “Education,
Earnings and Health Effects of Teenage Pregnancy
in the Philippines”
 Why to ASRH?

• Teen
Pregnancy
is costly
Teenage Pregnancy in the Philippines and CDO:
What we know
Those who are engaged in risky sexual activities have no
sufficient protection that might lead to sexually
transmitted infection (STI) and HIV/AIDS and unintended
Registered Live Births to Adolescents by Age
Groups 10-14 and 15-19 y/o
Source: NDHS 2022
 2023 ADOLESCENT LIVE BIRTH
BARANGAY 10-14 15-19 TOTAL
Carmen 8 149 157
Camaman-an 6 87 93
Lumbia 0 71 71
Canitoan 1 68 69
Lapasan 1 63 64
Cugman 2 55 57
Gusa 0 54 54
Bugo 0 52 52
Kauswagan 0 43 43
Tablon 1 40 41
Source: PSA CRVS 2015-2021
Teenage Pregnancy Explained: What are
the contributing factors to and
consequences of teenage pregnancy
contributing factors
 ⮚Family as an institution plays an
FAMILY STRUCTURE important role in forming and molding
adolescents’ behavior.

⮚ Adolescents living with non-

traditional families (e.g. solo parents,
living with relatives) or families in
difficult circumstances (poor,
dysfunctional with incidences of
abuse/maltreatment) are vulnerable to
early pregnancy.
GENDER AND POWER DYNAMICS

⮚Gender norms and power relations

play a significant role in sexual activity
and teenage pregnancy.

⮚The lack of power to refuse sexual

favors exacerbated by the culture of
silence places an adolescent girl in
greater difficulty.
 ⮚Sex or sexuality remains a taboo topic
inmost Filipino homes.
Low knowledge on sexual and
reproductive health and rights
and limited access to services ⮚The existing reproductive health
servicesare rarely designed with
teenage mothersand girls in mind.

⮚Knowledge on contraceptives,
including formal or informal sources of
information, is a significant factor to
consider inempowering adolescent
mothers to avoidrepeat pregnancies.
CONSEQUENCES
Early maturation and role shift
⮚Adolescent mothers felt immense
pressure to perform their role as
mothers.

⮚Most of them juggled domestic

workload and childrearing.

⮚ Most adolescent mothers have

difficulty coping with their current
responsibilities, being a wife and a
mother at a very young age.
Social isolation ⮚The feeling and experience of
beingstigmatized and frowned upon by
thecommunity is common to
teenagerswho got pregnant.

⮚The embarrassment often prevents

pregnant teenagers to visit the health
care facility for fear of gossips
andcriticisms from their neighbors.
Interruption of studies and denial
of gainful employment

⮚Early pregnancy is one of the

compelling reasons for stopping
one’s schooling and some do not
go back anymore.

⮚Often they become financially

dependent on parents or partner’s
parents.
KEY STRATEGIC AREAS
 KEY STRATEGIC AREAS

a.Comprehensive Sexuality Education

b.Adolescent sexual and reproductive
health (ASRH) and other social
services
c.Preventive and protective services
and measures against sexual abuse
and exploitation
d.Socioeconomic interventions
e.Youth development and
participation 28
KEY STRATEGIC AREA 1
Comprehensive Sexuality
Education
Adolescents have a low level of
knowledge about their sexuality and
reproductive health concerns resulting
from risky sexual activities

RH needs should be based on

information that helps them
attain a level of maturity and
adequate knowledge to make
responsible choices and decisions
 DEMAND GENERATION ACTIVITIES
PEER EDUCATION
TRAINING

U4U Teen Trail Facilitator’s DISSEMINATION OF AHD

Training and Roll-out FILMS
ASRH CLASSES

LPPED CLASSES

31
KEY STRATEGIC AREA 1
WHAT DO WE WANT TO
ACHIEVE?
To equip adolescents with
adequate, culture and gender-
responsive, age and
developmentally-appropriate
information, knowledge and
skills on sexuality and
reproductive health that can
enable them to make responsible
choices and decisions about their
sexuality.
Reaching out 100% of adolescents
in the region.
KEY STRATEGIC AREA
2
Strengthening Access to Adolescent Sexual and
Reproductive Health Services
Im
Implementation of CSE will inform the
appropriate learners on which services
they can avail

Fulfillment of adolescent sexuality and

reproductive health rights prevents
adolescent pregnancy, but also unintended
outcomes such as abortions, maternal
mortality and other consequences in health,
education, and employment

33
Establishment Establishment
of Teen centers of Network for
and AFHF referrals
(ISDN4AHD)

Enactment of
Policies

Capacity
development of
Provision of FP
service
and RH
providers
Services
KEY STRATEGIC AREA 2
WHAT DO WE WANT TO
ACHIEVE?
To address sexual and reproductive
health issues through improved
availability and access of
adolescent boys and girls to
relevant and appropriate sexual
and reproductive health
services particularly from public
health facilities and other delivery
points.
KEY STRATEGIC AREA
3
Strengthening Protective Mechanisms from Sexual Abuse and
Violence Among Children and Adolescents

Sexual abuse including harmful

practices against adolescent girls is one of
the major contributors to adolescent
pregnancy.

Meta-analysis of 21 studies worldwide

suggested that 4.5 out of 10 pregnant
adolescents may have a prior history of
child sexual abuse.

37
 Strengthening
Integration of mechanism to
life skills in report case
CSE (VAWC, WCPU)

Policies to Social
protect behaviour
adolescents change
communication
(including
trainings)
KEY STRATEGIC AREA
3 WHAT DO WE WANT TO
ACHIEVE?
To contribute to the country’s
goal of eliminating all forms
of violence against all
women and girls in the public
and private spheres, including
trafficking and sexual and other
types of exploitation to prevent
unintended pregnancies and
promote sexual and
reproductive health of
adolescents
KEY STRATEGIC AREA 4

Improving the Socio Economic

Wellbeing of Adolescents
Existing interventions are
implemented in fragmented
manner and in limited scope
since there is no integrative
framework that consolidates
these initiatives to address a
common goal and pool available
resources to expand its reach
specially to underserved sectors
and communities

41
• Creation of a holistic program for
adolescent parents

• Implementation of social protection

programs for adolescent parents
and their children (SPPAMC)
(education, nutrition, health, skills
training, livelihood, among others)

• Enactment of policies to support

adolescent parents
KEY STRATEGIC AREA
4 WHAT DO WE WANT TO
ACHIEVE?
To promote and improve
existing mechanisms for
integrated implementation
of interventions and
programs that aim to improve
the socioeconomic wellbeing of
adolescents including the
adolescent mothers and their
children
KEY STRATEGIC AREA
5
Promoting Youth Development and
Participation Studies showed that the youth should be
involved in activities to reduce risky
behaviors. However, gaps are still identified,
such as:
● unoptimized SK participation, adult-led
interventions
● fragmented interventions, school-based
interventions that are forgotten after
graduation
● Non-prioritization of interventions towards
reduction of teenage pregnancy and other
risky behaviors among adolescents
● the pandemic
45
KEY STRATEGIC AREA
5
WHAT HAS BEEN DONE?
Existing programs and activities

1.Capacitating SKs and LYDCs in developing and leading responsive interventions

on preventing adolescent pregnancies.

2. Continuing implementation of forum and other platforms for dialogue between

different sectors to prevent adolescent pregnancies.

3. Strengthening community-based youth organizations

4. Fostering youth participation and leadership in school.

5. Develop one-government youth development portal

48
KEY STRATEGIC AREA
5 WHAT DO WE WANT TO
ACHIEVE?
Consolidate strategies and
programs that enhance the
actual and meaningful
participation of adolescents –
from the planning, design,
implementation, monitoring and
learning processes of various
programs and projects.

Increase participation and

involvement of adolescents.
SHARED VISION

Well-informed,
Empowered,
Healthy, and
Responsible
ADOLESCENTS