Wiktionary

stop

See also: Stop and stóp

Translingual

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Etymology

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Borrowed from English full stop.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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stop

  1. (international standards) ITU & IMO radiotelephony clear code (spelling-alphabet name) for full stop / period.

Coordinate terms

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English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle English stoppen, stoppien, from Old English stoppian (“to stop, close”), from Proto-West Germanic *stoppōn, from Proto-Germanic *stuppōną (“to stop, close”), *stuppijaną (“to push, pierce, prick”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewp-, *(s)tewb- (“to push; stick”), from *(s)tew- (“to bump; impact; butt; push; beat; strike; hit”).

Cognate with Saterland Frisian stopje (“to stop, block”), West Frisian stopje (“to stop”), Dutch stoppen (“to stop”), Low German stoppen (“to stop”), German stopfen (“to be filling, stuff”), German stoppen (“to stop”), Danish stoppe (“to stop”), Swedish stoppa (“to stop”), Icelandic stoppa (“to stop”), Middle High German stupfen, stüpfen (“to pierce”). More at stuff, stump.

Alternative etymology derives Proto-West Germanic *stoppōn from an assumed Vulgar Latin *stūpāre, *stuppāre (“to stop up with tow”), from stūpa, stīpa, stuppa (“tow, flax, oakum”), from Ancient Greek στύπη (stúpē), στύππη (stúppē, “tow, flax, oakum”). This derivation, however, is doubtful, as the earliest instances of the Germanic verb do not carry the meaning of "stuff, stop with tow". Rather, these senses developed later in response to influence from similar sounding words in Latin and Romance.[1]

Verb

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stop (third-person singular simple present stops, present participle stopping, simple past and past participle stopped)

  2. (intransitive) To cease moving.
    I stopped at the traffic lights.
  3. (intransitive) Not to continue.
    The riots stopped when police moved in.
    Soon the rain will stop.
    • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter V, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:
      Then everybody once more knelt, and soon the blessing was pronounced. The choir and the clergy trooped out slowly, […] , down the nave to the western door. […] At a seemingly immense distance the surpliced group stopped to say the last prayer.
  4. (transitive) To cause (something) to cease moving or progressing.
    The sight of the armed men stopped him in his tracks.
    This guy is a fraudster. I need to stop the cheque I wrote him.
    • 2013 June 1, “Ideas coming down the track”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8838, page 13 (Technology Quarterly):
      A “moving platform” scheme […] is more technologically ambitious than maglev trains even though it relies on conventional rails. […] This set-up solves several problems […]. Stopping high-speed trains wastes energy and time, so why not simply slow them down enough for a moving platform to pull alongside?
  5. (transitive) To cease; to no longer continue (doing something).
    Antonym: keep
    One of the wrestlers suddenly stopped fighting.
    Please stop telling me those terrible jokes.
  6. (transitive) To cause (something) to come to an end.
    The referees stopped the fight.
  7. (causative, transitive, chiefly UK) To end someone else's activity.
    • 1988, Jeanne Willis, Tony Ross, Dr Xargle's Book of Earthlets:
      When they have finished the milk they must be patted and squeezed to stop them exploding.
  8. (transitive) To close or block an opening.
    He stopped the wound with gauze.
    Rotten leaves and branches have stopped the gutter.
    I've had the cracks in the wall stopped with mortar by the builders.
  9. (transitive, intransitive, photography, often with "up" or "down") To adjust the aperture of a camera lens.
    To achieve maximum depth of field, he stopped down to an f-stop of 22.
  10. (intransitive) To stay; to spend a short time; to reside or tarry temporarily.
    to stop with a friend
    He stopped for two weeks at the inn.
    He stopped at his friend's house before continuing with his drive.
    • 1887, R. D. Blackmore, Springhaven:
      by stopping at home till the money was gone
    • 1931, E. F. Benson, chapter 7, in Mapp & Lucia‎[1]:
      She’s not going away. She’s going to stop here forever.
  11. (music) To regulate the sounds of (musical strings, etc.) by pressing them against the fingerboard with the finger, or otherwise shortening the vibrating part.
  12. (obsolete) To punctuate.
  13. (nautical) To make fast; to stopper.
  14. (phonetics, transitive) To pronounce (a phoneme) as a stop.
    th-stopping
  15. (finance, transitive) To delay the purchase or sale of (a stock) while agreeing the price for later.
    • 1952, Charles Amos Dice, Wilford John Eiteman, The Stock Market, page 144:
      It will be noted that the specialist would have refused to stop the stock for broker X if he (the specialist) had only one order to sell at 85.
Usage notes
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  • This is a catenative verb that takes the gerund -ing to indicate the ending action (stop thinking), or the to infinitive to indicate the purpose of the interruption (stop to think). See Appendix:English catenative verbs for more information.
  • When used causatively, the verb can either be followed directly by its dependent clause (for example, to stop them exploding) or take a helper word, usually from, before the clause (to stop them from exploding). The former usage is more common in Britain, and the latter usage more common in America.
Conjugation
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Conjugation of stop
infinitive (to) stop
present tense past tense
1st-person singular stop stopped
2nd-person singular stop, stoppest† stopped, stoppedst†
3rd-person singular stops, stoppeth† stopped
plural stop
subjunctive stop stopped
imperative stop —
participles stopping stopped

†Archaic or obsolete.

Synonyms
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Antonyms
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Hyponyms
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Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • → Finnish: stop
  • → French: stop
  • → Greek: στοπ (stop)
  • → Hungarian: stop
  • → Irish: stop
  • → Italian: stop
  • → Latvian: stop
  • → Ottoman Turkish: استوپ (istop)
  • → Polish: stop
  • → Portuguese: stop
  • → Russian: стоп (stop)
  • → Spanish: stop
  • → Welsh: stopio
  • → Tok Pisin: stap
Translations
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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Noun

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stop (plural stops)

  2. A (usually marked) place where buses, trams or trains halt to let passengers get on and off, usually smaller than a station.
    Related terms: halt, station.
    They agreed to meet at the bus stop.
  3. An action of stopping; interruption of travel.
    That stop was not planned.
  4. That which stops, impedes, or obstructs; an obstacle; an impediment.
    • 1595, Samuel Daniel, “(please specify the folio number)”, in The First Fowre Bookes of the Ciuile Wars between the Two Houses of Lancaster and Yorke, London: […] P[eter] Short for Simon Waterson, →OCLC:
      A fatal stop trauerst their headlong course
    • a. 1729, John Rogers, The Advantages of conversing with good Men:
      So melancholy a prospect should inspire us with zeal to oppose some stop to the rising torrent.
  5. A device intended to block the path of a moving object
    door stop
    1. (engineering) A device, or piece, as a pin, block, pawl, etc., for arresting or limiting motion, or for determining the position to which another part shall be brought.
    2. (architecture) A member, plain or moulded, formed of a separate piece and fixed to a jamb, against which a door or window shuts.
  6. (linguistics) A consonant sound in which the passage of air is temporarily blocked by the lips, tongue, or glottis.
    Synonyms: plosive, occlusive
  7. A symbol used for purposes of punctuation and representing a pause or separating clauses, particularly a full stop, comma, colon or semicolon.
  8. (music) A knob or pin used to regulate the flow of air in an organ.
    The organ is loudest when all the stops are pulled.
  9. (music) One of the vent-holes in a wind instrument, or the place on the wire of a stringed instrument, by the stopping or pressing of which certain notes are produced.
  10. (tennis) A very short shot which touches the ground close behind the net and is intended to bounce as little as possible.
  11. (soccer) A save; preventing the opposition from scoring a goal
    • 2021 May 15, Phil McNulty, “Chelsea 0-1 Leicester”, in BBC Sport‎[2]:
      The Foxes were indebted to two crucial saves from keeper Kasper Schmeichel, who turned former Leicester defender Ben Chilwell's header on to a post then produced an even better stop to turn Mason Mount's powerful shot wide.
  12. (zoology) The depression in a dog’s face between the skull and the nasal bones.
    The stop in a bulldog's face is very marked.
  13. A marking on a rabbit's hind foot.
    The American Rabbit Breeders Association holds that the stops of a Dutch rabbit should be white from the toes to one third of the way along the foot.
  14. (photography) A part of a photographic system that reduces the amount of light.
  15. (photography) A unit of exposure corresponding to a doubling of the brightness of an image.
  16. (photography) An f-stop.
  17. The diaphragm used in optical instruments to cut off the marginal portions of a beam of light passing through lenses.
  18. (fencing) A coup d'arret, or stop thrust.
  19. (UK, grammar, informal) Short for full stop.
Derived terms
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Translations
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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
References
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  1. ^ The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia, "stop".

Punctuation mark

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stop

  1. Used to indicate the end of a sentence in a telegram.
Translations
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Etymology 2

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From Middle English stoppe, from Old English stoppa (“bucket, pail, a stop”), from Proto-Germanic *stuppô (“vat, vessel”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teub- (“to push, hit; stick, stump”). See stoup.

Cognates
Cognate with Norwegian stopp, stoppa (“deep well, recess”), Middle High German stubech, stübich (“barrel, vat, unit of measure”) (German Stübchen). Related also to Middle Low German stōp (“beaker, flask”), Middle High German stouf (“beaker, flask”), Norwegian staupa (“goblet”), Icelandic staupa (“shot-glass”), Old English stēap (“a stoup, beaker, drinking vessel, cup, flagon”). Cognate to Albanian shtambë (“amphora, bucket”).

Noun

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stop (plural stops)

  1. (UK dialectal) A small well-bucket; a milk-pail.
Translations
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Etymology 3

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From s- +‎ top.

Noun

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stop (plural stops)

  1. (physics) The squark that is the superpartner of a top quark.
    • 2016, ATLAS Collaboration, “Search for pair production of gluinos decaying via stop and sbottom in events with  -jets and large missing transverse momentum in   collisions at   TeV with the ATLAS detector”, in arXiv‎[3]:
      For neutralino masses below approximately 700 GeV, gluino masses of less than 1.78 TeV and 1.76 TeV are excluded at the 95% CL in simplified models of the pair production of gluinos decaying via sbottom and stop, respectively.

Anagrams

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Czech

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from English stop.

Noun

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stop m inan

  1. hitchhiking
    Synonym: autostop
  2. (sports) suspension
    Za hrubý faul dostal stop na čtyři zápasy. ― He received a four-match suspension for a serious foul.
Declension
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Declension of stop (hard masculine inanimate)
singular plural
nominative stop stopy
genitive stopu stopů
dative stopu stopům
accusative stop stopy
vocative stope stopy
locative stopě, stopu stopech
instrumental stopem stopy
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Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

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stop

  1. genitive plural of stopa

Verb

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stop

  1. second-person singular imperative of stopit

Further reading

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  • “stop”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
  • “stop”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

Danish

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Verb

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stop

  1. imperative of stoppe

Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Dutch stoppe. See the verb stoppen.

Noun

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stop m (plural stoppen, diminutive stopje n)

  1. an action of stopping, cessation
  2. a plug for a sink, a stopper
  3. an electric fuse
    Synonyms: smeltstop, zekering
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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stop

  1. inflection of stoppen:
    1. first-person singular present indicative
    2. (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
    3. imperative

Anagrams

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Finnish

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Etymology

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From English stop.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈstop/, [ˈs̠to̞p]
  • Rhymes: -op
  • Hyphenation(key): stop

Interjection

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stop

  1. stop (halt)
  2. stop (end-of-sentence indicator in telegrams)

Synonyms

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Further reading

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French

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Etymology

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1792. Borrowed from English stop.

Pronunciation

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Interjection

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stop!

  1. stop!

Noun

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stop m (uncountable)

  1. stop sign
  2. hitchhiking

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Further reading

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Anagrams

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Hungarian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from English stop.

Pronunciation

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Interjection

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stop

  1. halt! stop!

Punctuation mark

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stop

  1. stop (used to indicate the end of a sentence in a telegram)

Noun

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stop (plural stopok)

  1. (colloquial) stop sign (a red sign on the side of a street instructing vehicles to stop)
    Nem állt meg a stopnál. ― He ran the stop sign.
  2. (colloquial) hitchhike (an act of hitchhiking, trying to get a ride in a passing vehicle while standing at the side of a road)

Declension

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Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative stop stopok
accusative stopot stopokat
dative stopnak stopoknak
instrumental stoppal stopokkal
causal-final stopért stopokért
translative stoppá stopokká
terminative stopig stopokig
essive-formal stopként stopokként
essive-modal — —
inessive stopban stopokban
superessive stopon stopokon
adessive stopnál stopoknál
illative stopba stopokba
sublative stopra stopokra
allative stophoz stopokhoz
elative stopból stopokból
delative stopról stopokról
ablative stoptól stopoktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		stopé stopoké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		stopéi stopokéi
Possessive forms of stop
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. stopom stopjaim
2nd person sing. stopod stopjaid
3rd person sing. stopja stopjai
1st person plural stopunk stopjaink
2nd person plural stopotok stopjaitok
3rd person plural stopjuk stopjaik

Derived terms

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Indonesian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Dutch stop, Middle Dutch stoppe, from Middle Dutch stoppen, from Old Dutch *stoppon, from Proto-West Germanic *stoppōn. Doublet of setop.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈst̪ɔp̚]
  • Hyphenation: stop

Verb

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stop (first-person possessive stopku, second-person possessive stopmu, third-person possessive stopnya)

  1. to stop
    Synonyms: berhenti, terhenti

Affixed terms

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Further reading

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Irish

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Etymology

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Borrowed from English stop, from Middle English stoppen, from Old English stoppian (“to stop, close”).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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stop (present analytic stopann, future analytic stopfaidh, verbal noun stopadh, past participle stoptha)

  1. to stop

Conjugation

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conjugation of stop (first conjugation – A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present stopaim stopann tú;
stopair† 		stopann sé, sí stopaimid stopann sibh stopann siad;
stopaid† 		a stopann; a stopas stoptar
past stop mé; stopas stop tú; stopais stop sé, sí stopamar; stop muid stop sibh; stopabhair stop siad; stopadar a stop /
ar stop* 		stopadh
past habitual stopainn stoptá stopadh sé, sí stopaimis; stopadh muid stopadh sibh stopaidís; stopadh siad a stopadh /
a stopadh* 		stoptaí
future stopfaidh mé;
stopfad 		stopfaidh tú;
stopfair† 		stopfaidh sé, sí stopfaimid;
stopfaidh muid 		stopfaidh sibh stopfaidh siad;
stopfaid† 		a stopfaidh; a stopfas stopfar
conditional stopfainn stopfá stopfadh sé, sí stopfaimis; stopfadh muid stopfadh sibh stopfaidís; stopfadh siad a stopfadh /
a stopfadh* 		stopfaí
subjunctive present go stopa mé;
go stopad† 		go stopa tú;
go stopair† 		go stopa sé, sí go stopaimid;
go stopa muid 		go stopa sibh go stopa siad;
go stopaid† 		— go stoptar
past dá stopainn dá stoptá dá stopadh sé, sí dá stopaimis;
dá stopadh muid 		dá stopadh sibh dá stopaidís;
dá stopadh siad 		— dá stoptaí
imperative stopaim stop stopadh sé, sí stopaimis stopaigí;
stopaidh† 		stopaidís — stoptar
verbal noun stopadh
past participle stoptha

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form

Synonyms

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Noun

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stop m (genitive singular stop, nominative plural stopanna)

  1. a stop (place to get on and off line buses or trams; interruption of travel; device to block path)

Declension

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Declension of stop (fourth declension)
bare forms
case singular plural
nominative stop stopanna
vocative a stop a stopanna
genitive stop stopanna
dative stop stopanna
forms with the definite article
case singular plural
nominative an stop na stopanna
genitive an stop na stopanna
dative leis an stop
don stop 		leis na stopanna

Synonyms

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Further reading

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Italian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from English stop.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈstɔp/
  • Rhymes: -ɔp
  • Hyphenation: stòp

Interjection

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stop

  1. stop!, halt!

Noun

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stop m

  1. stop (roadsign; bus stop etc.; block)

Anagrams

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Latvian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from English stop.

Interjection

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stop!

  1. stop!, halt!

Old English

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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stōp

  1. first/third-person singular preterite indicative of stæppan

Polish

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Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Deverbal from stopić.

Noun

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stop m inan

  1. (chemistry) an alloy; a mixture of metals
    Synonyms: (archaic) aliaż, (obsolete) aligacja
    Mosiądz jest stopem miedzi i cynku. ― Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc.
Declension
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Declension of stop
singular plural
nominative stop stopy
genitive stopu stopów
dative stopowi stopom
accusative stop stopy
instrumental stopem stopami
locative stopie stopach
vocative stopie stopy

Verb

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stop

  1. second-person singular imperative of stopić

Etymology 2

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Borrowed from English stop.

Interjection

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stop

  1. cool your heels!, cool your jets!, hold your horses!, stop!, whoa! (slow down)
    Synonyms: hola, wolnego, z wolna
  2. stop!, whoa! (you should not have done/said that)
    Synonyms: hola, wolnego, z wolna

Noun

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stop m inan

  1. a stop sign
    Jechał dalej, bo nie zauważył stopu.
    He continued to drive because he hadn't noticed the stop sign.
  2. (colloquial) a vehicle's brake light
    Uderzyłam w niego, bo nie zaświecił mu się stop i nie wiedziałam, że ostro hamuje.
    I hit his car because his brake light didn't flash and I didn't know he was braking hard.
  3. (colloquial) hitchhiking
    Często podróżuję na stopa.
    I often hitchhike.
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adjectives
nouns

Further reading

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  • stop in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • stop in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing from English stop.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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stop m (plural stops)

  1. stop (function or button that causes a device to stop operating)
  2. (uncountable) a game in which the players write on paper one word from each category (animal, fruit, etc.), all beginning with the same letter, as quickly as possible. In Spanish: tutti frutti
    Synonym: adedanha
  3. (stock market) stop loss order (order to close one’s position if the market drops to a specified price level)
  4. (Brazil, colloquial) stop; end (the act of putting a stop to something)
    Precisamos dar um stop na nossa preguiça.
    We need to put an end to our laziness.
  5. (Portugal) stop sign
    Ia sendo atropelado, porque o condutor não parou no stop. ― I was almost run over because the driver did not stop at the stop sign.

Interjection

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stop!

  1. said by a player of the game of stop to cease the current turn, after which the players count how many words they wrote

See also

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  • CEP (acronym of "cidade, estado, país", meaning "city, state, country", a category in the game of stop)

Further reading

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Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from French stop, from English stop.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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stop n (uncountable)

  1. stop

Declension

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declension of stop (singular only)
singular
n gender indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) stop stopul
genitive/dative (unui) stop stopului
vocative stopule

Spanish

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing from English stop.

Pronunciation

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Interjection

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stop

  1. stop

Usage notes

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According to Royal Spanish Academy (RAE) prescriptions, unadapted foreign words should be written in italics in a text printed in roman type, and vice versa, and in quotation marks in a manuscript text or when italics are not available. In practice, this RAE prescription is not always followed.

Further reading

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Swedish

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Etymology

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From Old Norse staup (“small glass for liquor”).

Noun

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stop n

  1. beer mug, stein
  2. stoup

Declension

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Declension of stop
nominative genitive
singular indefinite stop stops
definite stopet stopets
plural indefinite stop stops
definite stopen stopens

Synonyms

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Anagrams

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