Automation

A new method was developed for revealing of composite clusters of cis-elements in promoters of eukaryotic genes that are functionally related or coexpressed. A software system "ClusterScan" have been created that enables: (i) to train system on representative samples of promoters to reveal cis-elements that tend to cluster; (ii) to train system on a number of samples of functionally related promoters to identify functionally coupled transcription factors; (iii) to provide tools for searching of this clusters in genomic sequences to identify and functionally characterize regulatory regions in genome. A number of training samples of different functional and structural groups of promoters were analysed. Search for composite clusters in human chromosomes 21 and 22 reveals a number of interesting examples. Finally, a decision tree system was constructed to classify promoters of several functionally related gene groups. The decision tree system enables to identify new promoters and computationally predict their possible function.

The quest for designing secure and trusted software has led to refined Software Engineering methodologies that rely on tools to support the design process. Automated reasoning mechanisms for requirements and software verification are by now a well-accepted part of the design process, and model driven architectures support the automation of the refinement process. We claim that we can further push the envelope towards the automatic exploration and selection among design alternatives and show that this is concretely possible for Secure Tropos, a requirements engineering methodology that addresses security and trust concerns. In Secure Tropos, a design consists of a network of actors (agents, positions or roles) with delegation/permission dependencies among them. Accordingly, the generation of design alternatives can be accomplished by a planner which is given as input a set of actors and goals and generates alternative multiagent plans to fulfill all given goals. We validate our claim with a case study using a state-of-the-art planner.

Since the beginning of the movement for quality management programs based on ISO 9000 or/and ISO/IEC 17025 that were adopted by many type of industries, calibration laboratories have been under pressure to increase productivity. This work is about a computational system to automate the entire instrument calibration process. The computer vision system proposed is to be used to read the display of both analogue as well as digital instruments that do not have communication interfaces to computers such as GPIB or RS-232. In order to figure out instrument indication, the system employs an optical character recognition technique in digital displays and Canny's method for edge detection and the Hough's transform method for line localization in analogue displays, accelerating the data acquisition process and makes it less prone to errors. Consequently, it contributes to improve calibration and reduce costs, increasing the number of instruments with quality assured measurements.

Although information and communication technologies have become an integral part of life in the United States, they have not yet been adequately integrated into adult language and literacy programs. This raises concerns because of the potential value of technology for enhancing learning and because of the vital role of technological proficiency as a gatekeeper for occupational success and full civic participation. Research findings on the impact of technology in education are mixed, but a few studies among adult learners suggest benefits worth exploring. This paper describes the potential contribution of emerging technologies to adult literacy and language education and the opportunities and challenges involved in incorporating these technologies into adult education programs. Various emerging technologies (those arising or undergoing fundamental transformation in the last decade) are described, ranging from audio and video production to games, wikis and blogs, to mobile devices, cell phones and open-source software. Relevant research is reviewed, and the costs, difficulties and advantages of deploying various technological approaches in adult education are discussed. Although current research is insufficient to urge wholesale adoption of the technologies described, many-especially low-cost mobile deviceswarrant further investigation as potentially valuable tools for adult educators and learners.

This paper presents a model-based approach that combines the data-flow and object-oriented computing paradigms to model embedded systems. The rationale behind the approach is that both views are important for modelling purposes in embedded systems environments, and thus a combined and integrated usage is not only useful, but also fundamental for developing complex systems. We also show that by using models we were able to implement automated transformations between different views of the system under design. We exemplify the approach with an IPv6 router case study.

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  * @title  USART1,TIMER2,ADC1,GPIOs(input & output)
  * @author  Luqman Hakim, student of EEPIS(Electronics Engineering Polytechnic Institute of Surabaya)
  * @date    first build :12 Mar 2015
  *          latest build:25 Mar 2015
  * @brief  basic GPIO, UART,TIMER, and ADC example
  *          This project is made using Coocox CoIDE which is an open source ARM microcontroller developing IDE based on Eclipse.
  *          This project uses arm-none-eabi-gcc -mcpu as the toolchain. you have to use this toolchain if you develop under Coocox CoIDE.
follow the link in txt file i provided and download the rar            file containing the project files
*******************************************************************************/

In this paper, we compare three observers and methods for estimation of the longitudinal and latéral velocity of the vehicle. These methods are based on the First Order Sliding Mode (FOSM), Second Order Sliding Mode (SOSM) and on the use of algebraic approach ALIEN. Their performance are studied using a 16 DoF dynamic simulator.

Analysis of HLA data involves queries on web portals, whose search parameters are data stored in laboratories' databases. In order to automate these queries, one approach is to structure laboratory data into a database and to develop bioinformatic tools to perform the data mapping. In this context, we developed the LabSystem Gen tool that allows users to create a Laboratory Information System, without programming. Additionally we implemented a framework that provides bioinformatic tools, transparent access to public HLA (human leukocyte antigen) information resources. We demonstrated the LabSystemGen system by implementing BMDdb, which is a LIMS that manages data of recipients and donors of organ transplant.

Background: Molecular techniques are established as routine in virological laboratories and virus typing through (partial) sequence analysis is increasingly common. Quality assurance for the use of typing data requires harmonization of genotype nomenclature, and agreement on target genes, depending on the level of resolution required, and robustness of methods. Objective: To develop and validate web-based open-access typing-tools for enteroviruses and noroviruses. Study design: An automated web-based typing algorithm was developed, starting with BLAST analysis of the query sequence against a reference set of sequences from viruses in the family Picornaviridae or Caliciviridae. The second step is phylogenetic analysis of the query sequence and a sub-set of the reference sequences, to assign the enterovirus type or norovirus genotype and/or variant, with profile alignment, construction of phylogenetic trees and bootstrap validation. Typing is performed on VP1 sequences of Human enterovirus A to D, and ORF1 and ORF2 sequences of genogroup I and II noroviruses. For validation, we used the tools to automatically type sequences in the RIVM and CDC enterovirus databases and the FBVE norovirus database. Results: Using the typing-tools, 785(99%) of 795 Enterovirus VP1 sequences, and 8154(98.5%) of 8342 norovirus sequences were typed in accordance with previously used methods. Subtyping into variants was achieved for 4439(78.4%) of 5838 NoV GII.4 sequences. Discussion and conclusions: The online typing-tools reliably assign genotypes for enteroviruses and noroviruses. The use of phylogenetic methods makes these tools robust to ongoing evolution. This should facilitate standardized genotyping and nomenclature in clinical and public health laboratories, thus supporting inter-laboratory comparisons.

This paper presents a low cost, flexible and scalable Smart Home Automation System based on Arduino Technology and Wi-Fi connection, in addition, to apply specific techniques for the reduction of power consumption and load management. The system will be accessible anywhere, anytime for controlling and monitoring. This study relies on Arduino Technology and Node-MCU boards, the electrical appliances are connected to a cloud database that communicates with the user by an android application connected to the internet. A prototype for a specific house has been built, the proposed system is able to control all home electrical units and appliances like lighting, sockets, HVAC units, fire, gas and intruder siren systems, in addition, to monitor the real-time power consumption, the house PV system generation and the current room's temperature and humidity. Furthermore, the system is able to reduce power consumption using predefined algorithms.

We report here a robust automated active site detection, docking, and scoring (AADS) protocol for proteins with known structures. The active site finder identifies all cavities in a protein and scores them based on the physicochemical properties of functional groups lining the cavities in the protein. The accuracy realized on 620 proteins with sizes ranging from 100 to 600 amino acids with known drug active sites is 100% when the top ten cavity points are considered. These top ten cavity points identified are then submitted for an automated docking of an input ligand/candidate molecule. The docking protocol uses an all atom energy based Monte Carlo method. Eight low energy docked structures corresponding to different locations and orientations of the candidate molecule are stored at each cavity point giving 80 docked structures overall which are then ranked using an effective free energy function and top five structures are selected. The predicted structure and energetics of the complexes agree quite well with experiment when tested on a data set of 170 proteinÀligand complexes with known structures and binding affinities. The AADS methodology is implemented on an 80 processor cluster and presented as a freely accessible, easy to use tool at http://www.scfbio-iitd.res.in/ dock/ActiveSite_new.jsp.

Accurate coffee sorting is a response to pressures for product quality and to a growing market for specialty coffees. One of the major challenges in this regard is to prepare the raw coffee fruits for sorting in one-by-one electronic machines. In this paper, we present a mechanical device developed to separate clusters and impurities from the main process. The mechanical device consists of two inclined belt conveyors with upward motion, working in series. This arrangement conveys upwards any elements with more than three contact points on the belt’s flat surface, while quasi-spherical elements (fruits) roll down on the belts. The experimental set up was designed to allow each belt’s inclination and speed to vary, in order to run a 3 x 3 factorial treatment design (Three inclinations: 10o, 14o and 18o and three speeds: 0.17, 0.20 and 0.24 m s-1). The belt transport surface material was PVC. The best performance was obtained at the speed of 0.20 m s-1 and between 10o and 14o of inclin...

A sensitive, specific and high throughput bioanalytical method using automated sample processing via 96-well plate liquid-liquid extraction and ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) has been developed for the determination of methoxsalen in human plasma. Plasma samples with ketoconazole as internal standard (IS) were prepared by employing 0.2 mL human plasma in ethyl acetate:dichloromethane (80:20, v/v). The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column using isocratic mobile phase, consisting of 10 mM ammonium formate and acetonitrile (60:40, v/v), at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. The linear dynamic range was established over the concentration range 1.1-213.1 ng/mL for methoxsalen. The method was rugged and rapid with a total run time of 1.5 min. It was successfully applied to a pivotal bioequivalence study in 12 healthy human subjects after oral administration of 10 mg extended release methoxsalen formulation under fasting condition.

There has been a growing interest in Autonomous Vehicle (AV) technology worldwide over the last decade. Nevertheless, various studies have noted some potential socio-psychological challenges to AV use and ownership. These challenges can be mitigated by designing AV that accounts for users' personalities, such as their perceived control and power. The complex relationship between personal control and automation, two concepts that intuitively sound contradictory to each other, is less explored. In this study, two dimensions of personal control, the desire for control and the driver locus of control, were hypothesized to influence the attitude toward AV. The relationships were moderated by power distance, a cultural factor related to one's sense of control. The hypotheses were tested using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) approach via the Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) software. As many as 457 respondents from two sample groups, Hungarian and Indonesian drivers were ga...

Instrumentation, control and automation (ICA) are key technologies in modern water and wastewater systems. Ever present disturbances make it necessary to automatically attenuate their consequences. A wastewater treatment system is load driven, while a water distribution system is demand driven. Despite the variability the system outputs have to be satisfactory. Economic realities encourages the application of ICA to make a maximum use of plant capacities. An increasing complexity of competing processes in a modern nutrient removal plant makes more elaborate control necessary. The final goal of protecting the environmental resources necessitates an integrated view of several interdependent systems, the collection, transport and treatment processes. In this integrating development ICA will be a decisive technology.

An analytical method using a liquid chromatograph combined with a simple online column switching sample pre-treatment system was developed for the determination of 1-hydroxypyrene (1-HP) in urine. This compound is the metabolite of pyrene and is used to assess the exposure of workers to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). After enzymatic hydrolysis, a urine sample was directly injected into a high-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) where it automatically underwent a sample cleanup using a column switching device. The procedure is simpler than previous methods because it uses only one switching valve, one extraction column and one HPLC pump. The analyte was retained on a short extraction column and after interferences were eluted to waste, was subsequently switched onto the analytical column. This allowed a short analysis time of 15 min. The calibration graph was found to be linear within the concentration range of 0.5 to 20 mg/L with a coefficient of determination exceeding r 2 5 0.99. Recoveries were found to be greater than 96% in the range 1 to 10 mg/L with intermediate precision of 2.5 to 5.8% relative standard deviation. This online method was verified by a comparison with an existing manual method by the analysis of 81 urine samples from workers exposed to PAHs and showed that the test results from both methods were in agreement with a probability obtained from the paired Student's t-test of P > 0.76. The proposed online method was found to be simple, fast and suited to routine analyses of 1-HP in urine for the assessment of occupational exposure to PAHs.

An at-line analysis protocol is presented that allows the determination of four UV filters, two polycyclic musk compounds and caffeine in water at concentration level of ng L −1 . The fully automated method includes analytes enrichment by Microextraction by packed sorbent (MEPS) coupled directly to large volume injection-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Two common SPE phases, C8 and C18, were examined for their suitability to extract the target substances by MEPS. The analytes were extracted from small sample volumes of 800 L with recoveries ranging from 46 to 114% for the C8-sorbent and 65-109% for the C18-sorbent. Limits of detection between 34 and 96 ng L −1 enable the determination of the analytes at common environmental concentration levels. Both sorbents showed linear calibration curves for most of the analytes up to a concentration level of 20 ng mL −1 . Carryover was minimized by washing the sorbents 10 times with 100 L methanol. After this thorough cleaning, the MEPS are re-used and up to 70 analyses can be performed with the same sorbent. The fully automated microextraction GC-MS protocol was evaluated for the influence of matrix substances typical for wastewater. Dilution of samples prior to MEPS is recommended when the polar caffeine is present at high concentration. Real water samples were analyzed by the MEPS-GC-MS method and compared to standard SPE.

Protein identification by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) is key to most proteomics projects and has been widely explored in bioinformatics research. Obtaining good and trustful identification results has important implications for biological and clinical work. Although well matured, automated software identification of proteins from MS/MS data still faces a number of obstacles due to the complexity of the proteome or procedural issues of mass spectrometry data acquisition. Expected or unexpected modifications of the peptide sequences, polymorphisms, errors in databases, missed or non-specific cleavages, unusual fragmentation patterns, and single MS/MS spectra of multiple peptides of the same m/z are so many pitfalls for identification algorithms. A lot of research work has been carried out in recent years that yielded new strategies to handle a number of these issues. Multiple MS/MS identification algorithms are now available or have been theoretically described. The difficulty resides in choosing the most adapted method for each type of spectra being identified. This review presents an overview of the state-of-the-art bioinformatics approaches to the identification of proteins by MS/MS to help the reader doing the spadework of finding the right tools among the many possibilities offered. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 25:235–254, 2006

This paper reports a safe regression test selection (RTS) approach that is designed for verifying Web services in an end-to-end manner. The Safe RTS technique has been integrated into a systematic method that monitors distributed code modifications and automates the RTS and RT processes.

Result § Finished automation system § Finished number of IO Effort § calendar time / engineering cost § amount of billed hours § amount of worked time § automatic measurement ! © ABB Group September 22, 2014 | Slide 4 Engineering Efficiency Influencing factors

Keratometry is currently achieved by projecting a circular mire onto the patient's cornea and analyzing the size and shape of its reflected image. The projection mires are decisive for the precision of the measurement. We have previously developed a keratometric module for slit lamps, and the development of four projection mires are presented. Mire 1 is composed of optical fibers and electrical cables; Mire 2, 48 LEDs; Mire 3, optical fibers and no electrical cables; and Mire 4, mechanical parts--cable free. Mires 2-4 provide accurate keratometry measurements at slit lamps. Mire 4 is the most adequate for the clinical environment.

We are investigating imaging techniques to study the tumor response to photodynamic therapy ͑PDT͒. Positron emission tomography ͑PET͒ can provide physiological and functional information. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging ͑MRI͒ can provide anatomical and morphological changes. Image registration can combine MRI and PET images for improved tumor monitoring. In this study, we acquired high-resolution MRI and microPET 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose ͑FDG͒ images from C3H mice with RIF-1 tumors that were treated with Pc 4-based PDT. We developed two registration methods for this application. For registration of the whole mouse body, we used an automatic three-dimensional, normalized mutual information algorithm. For tumor registration, we developed a finite element model ͑FEM͒-based deformable registration scheme. To assess the quality of whole body registration, we performed slice-by-slice review of both image volumes; manually segmented feature organs, such as the left and right kidneys and the bladder, in each slice; and computed the distance between corresponding centroids. Over 40 volume registration experiments were performed with MRI and microPET images. The distance between corresponding centroids of organs was 1.5± 0.4 mm which is about 2 pixels of microPET images. The mean volume overlap ratios for tumors were 94.7% and 86.3% for the deformable and rigid registration methods, respectively. Registration of high-resolution MRI and microPET images combines anatomical and functional information of the tumors and provides a useful tool for evaluating photodynamic therapy.

A major drawback to Industry 4.0 that few write about is maintenance of an industry 4.0 plant. The maintenance aspect is a much greater and immediate drawback than even the commonly known major concern of security, and the lesser concern of system integration standards. Maintenance of 4.0 systems has, and will continue to result in related huge increases in process downtime. The barriers to overcoming the maintenance/downtime drawbacks of a 4.0 system are almost insurmountable.

The Mayo Clinic was one of the first institutions to develop an in-house rapid parathyroid hormone (PTH) assay that used homegrown antibodies to monitor plasma PTH levels during parathyroidectomy. This PTH assay is economical, but it requires highly trained technologists and an experienced laboratory director and it is difficult to perform in the operating suite. We sought a fully automated

The Dutch multidisciplinary guideline on 'Polypharmacy in older people' advises performing an annual medication review for patients aged 65 or older who use five or more drugs and have at least one risk factor for negative outcomes of their drug usage. We describe a 79-year-old male patient with an indication for a medication review and identified drug-related problems (DRPs). Furthermore, we describe two female patients aged 97 and 91 who use fewer than five drugs, dispensed via an automated system, and also have DRPs. We suggest adding the use of a multidose drug-dispensing system as an indication for a medication review. This will also help to identify patients with undertreatment. In addition, we recommend improving collaboration with pharmacists, which may enhance the effect of a medication review by increasing the number of drug changes.

Pluripotent stem cells can potentially be used in clinical applications as a model for studying disease progress. This tracking of disease-causing events in cells requires constant assessment of the quality of stem cells. Existing approaches are inadequate for robust and automated differentiation of stem cell colonies. In this study, we developed a new model of vector-based convolutional neural network (V-CNN) with respect to extracted features of the induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) colony for distinguishing colony characteristics. A transfer function from the feature vectors to the virtual image was generated at the front of the CNN in order for classification of feature vectors of healthy and unhealthy colonies. The robustness of the proposed V-CNN model in distinguishing colonies was compared with that of the competitive support vector machine (SVM) classifier based on morphological, textural, and combined features. Additionally, five-fold cross-validation was used to invest...

Since 2002, over 10% of total cyber vulnerabilities were SQL injection vulnerabilities. Since most developers are not experienced software security practitioners, a solution for correctly fixing SQL injection vulnerabilities that does not require security expertise is desirable. In this paper, we propose an automated method for removing SQL injection vulnerabilities from Java code by converting plain text SQL statements into prepared statements. Prepared statements restrict the way that input can affect the ...

Human serum glycomics is a promising method for finding cancer biomarkers but often lacks the tools for streamlined data analysis. The Glycolyzer software incorporates a suite of analytic tools capable of identifying informative glycan peaks out of raw mass spectrometry data. As a demonstration of its utility, the program was used to identify putative biomarkers for epithelial ovarian cancer from a human serum sample set. A randomized, blocked and blinded experimental design was used on a discovery set consisting of 46 cases and 48 controls. Retrosynthetic glycan libraries were used for data analysis and several significant candidate glycan biomarkers were discovered via hypothesis testing. The significant glycans were attributed to a glycan family based on glycan composition relationships and incorporated into a linear classifier motif test. The motif test was then applied to the discovery set to evaluate the disease state discrimination performance. The test provided strongly predictive results based on receiver operator characteristic curve analysis. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve was 0.93. Using the Glycolyzer software, we were able to identify a set of glycan biomarkers that highly discriminate between cases and controls, and are ready to be formally validated in subsequent studies.

Although hyperphosphatemia is one of the few established risk factors for cardiovascular mortality in patients on dialysis, the relationship between peritoneal dialysis (PD) prescription and dialytic phosphate removal is largely unexplored. We analyzed 24-hour clearances (n = 60) together with peritoneal equilibration tests (PETs) (n = 52) performed in children and adolescents (n = 35) on automated PD. Dialytic phosphate clearance was more closely correlated with 2-hour and 4-hour dialysate-to-plasma ratio (D/P) of phosphate in the PETs (r = 0.44 and r = 0.52, both p < 0.0001) than with 2-hour and 4-hour D/P creatinine (r = 0.26 and r = 0.27, both p < 0.05). Dialytic 24-hour phosphate clearance was independently predicted by total fluid turnover (partial R(2) = 0.48, p < 0.001), the number of cycles (r = 0.52, p < 0.001), 2-hour D/P phosphate (partial R(2) = 0.07, p = 0.001), dwell time (partial R(2) = 0.05, p = 0.01), and achieved ultrafiltration (partial R(2) = 0.05, p...

Artificial Intelligence is no longer science fiction. It is a reality which is developing in
unprecedented rates. This rapid development raises an important question: Are human
workers ready to compete? Research suggest that they are not. Over 54% of jobs in Europe
are expected to be automated by 2040. Such dynamic can have major socioeconomic
consequences such as mass displacement of workers and increased inequalities. Many
critics have pointed out that AI will create new jobs and therefore there is no reason to
worry. Nevertheless, even if this assumption is true it’s most likely that these new jobs
will require advanced training which most workers lack. Modernizing education in Europe
is vital in order for states to deal with this problem. Furthermore, it is critical that these
policies take place at a European level in order to avoid a fragmented Single Market.

In the case of low voltage fault cases, doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) with Crowbar protection circuit to realize low voltage ride through (LVRT), and the choice of crowbar resistance of unit LVRT effects is very large. In this paper, from the DFIG wind power system steady state and transient mathematical model of voltage drop down, using space vector analysis method and Laplace transform, deduced the time domain transient current expressions of voltage drop Put forward the method for calculating the maximum fault current and the rotor side crowbar resistance setting method, solve the crowbar protection circuit for tilting rotor current and DC bus over-voltage problems. Numerical example and simulation shows that, The proposed method, effectively suppress the transient component of fault current, significantly improved the automation level of the wind power system.

Project management are still depending on manual exchange of information based on paper documents. Where design drawings drafting by computer-aided design (CAD), but the data needed by project management software can not be extracted directly from CAD, and must be manually entered by the user. The process of calculation and collection of information from drawings and enter in the project management software needs effort and time with the possibility of errors in the transfer and enter of information. This research presents an integrated computer system for building projects where the extraction and import quantities, through the interpretation of AutoCAD drawing with MS Access database of unit costs and productivities for the pricing and duration of tasks, then exported to MS Project and MS Excel. The system was developed by using Visual Basic and ActiveX automation technology for combining the above software. The system, also, can calculate quantities of materials. The system includes digitizer (on-screen takeoff) calculates the lengths and areas of the drawings to which the form of an image and scanned. The integrated system has been applied to case study, a storages building for hospital 260 beds. The results proved the effectiveness of the system for the conversion of information from the graphical form dwg to numerical formulas xlcx / xlc and mpp can be handled easily pleased and software are covered.

Surface manufacturing is widely used in industry. Automatic CAD-guided tool planning has many applications in surface manufacturing, such as spray painting, spray forming, rapid tooling, cleaning and polishing. According to the material quantity requiremenb, these tasks can be categorized into two groups: the material uniformity problem and coverage problem. A general framework is developed to automatically generate trajectories of a free-form surface for thee tasks. A given task is first transformed into one of the groups. Based on the CAD model of a free-form surface, constrain@ and tool model, a trajectory for a freeform surface i s generated. Velocity optimization is discussed to optimize the material quantity. Simulations are performed to verify the developed framework. This framework can also be extended to other applications.

An automated algorithm for detection of the acetabular rim was developed. Accuracy of the algorithm was validated in a sawbone study and compared against manually conducted digitization attempts, which were established as the ground truth. The latter proved to be reliable and reproducible, demonstrated by almost perfect intra-and interobserver reliability. Validation of the automated algorithm showed no significant difference compared to the manually acquired data in terms of detected version and inclination. Automated detection of the acetabular rim contour and the spatial orientation of the acetabular opening plane can be accurately achieved with this algorithm.