Industrial Automation

In this paper is simulated the time-domain unit sample response of sine function and frequency-domain response of sine function. Digital filter plays an important role in today's world of communication and computation. Without digital filter we cannot think about proper communication because noise occurs in channel. For removing noise or cancellation of noise we use various type of digital filter. In signal processing, there are mainly two types of filters exist .they are the Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter and Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) filter. Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter can be designed form Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) filter by various techniques. The widely used technique is the window technique. This paper low-pass FIR filter is implemented using an efficient adjustable window function based on Hamming window and Blackman window function. The output of the FIR design by Blackman window and the Blackman window are shown in this paper by simulating the code in Matlab. The Matlab program returns with a satisfactory result with proper magnitude plotting.

A major drawback to Industry 4.0 that few write about is maintenance of an industry 4.0 plant. The maintenance aspect is a much greater and immediate drawback than even the commonly known major concern of security, and the lesser concern of system integration standards. Maintenance of 4.0 systems has, and will continue to result in related huge increases in process downtime. The barriers to overcoming the maintenance/downtime drawbacks of a 4.0 system are almost insurmountable.

The capability to shorten the process of engineering technical systems, from the mission to build the system to the final commissioning of the system, has become a critical factor for company success. This engineering process has become a time and money consuming part of the overall life cycle of a technical system. Common approaches for tackling this problem are the improvement of functions of isolated tools and the improve-ment/provision of the interoperability between tools. However, there is only little information on needs and preferences of domain experts. In this paper we report on a questionnaire-based survey to elicit the needs and preferences of domain experts. We analyze the answers of 88 domain experts from different disciplines with a variety of backgrounds on the importance of tool functionalities during functional engineering and discuss improvement aspects of three major functionalities rated as most important: version management, data exchange, and consistency checking.

The use of software-intensive solutions for industrial automation and control systems has been a promising trend due to the flexibility, interoperability, and cost savings provided by such an approach. This paper presents a component-based framework for the development of industrial supervision and control systems, which provides reusable solutions for data acquisition, control, and supervision activities. Interoperability and real- time issues are handled by the implementation of the DAIS (Data Acquisition for Industrial Systems) standard, in conjunction with the use of CIAO, a real-time implementation of the CCM (CORBA Component Model) standard. We present the design and implementation of the proposed framework, as well as two application examples built atop our software platform: a chemical reactor supervisory and a cruise control system simulation.

Industrial automation is useful to reduce production costs and improve product quality. The wine industry has been increasingly adopting industrial automation seeking these objectives. In Chile, wineries have been lagging behind in embracing new technologies to control the fermentation process. In most cases, enologists decide control actions (cooling, heating, pumping over) based on off line periodic measurements. In this work we explore the applicability of ultrasound to measure the sugar and alcohol concentrations of hydroalcoholic solutions mimicking fermenting musts. Additionally, implementation issues such as the attenuation effect of bubbles and tank curvature are analyzed. We show that working at two sufficiently distinct frequencies, we can measure sugar and alcohol content simultaneously. Measurement resolution achieved for the wave time of travel translates to a better than 0.02% for both concentrations, depending on the container size.

Belgium started its nuclear programme quite early. The first installations were constructed in the fifties, and presently, more than 55 % of the Belgian electricity production is provided by nuclear power plants. After 30 years of nuclear experience, Belgium started decommissioning of nuclear facilities in the eighties with two main projects: the BR3-PWR plant and the Eurochemic reprocessing plant. The BR3-decommissioning project is carried out at the Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, while the decommissioning of the former Eurochemic reprocessing plant is managed and operated by Belgoprocess n.v., which is also operating the centralised waste treatment facilities and the interim storage for Belgian radioactive waste. Some fundamental principles have to be considered for the management of materials resulting from the decommissioning of nuclear installations, equipment and/or components, mainly based on the guidelines of the “IAEA-Safety Fundamentals. The Principles of Radioactive Was...

This paper outlines the perspectives opened by the application of the service-orientation paradigm for realizing high-level communications between next-generation, increasingly intelligent embedded devices -it indicates how this approach can benefit the manufacturing industry -and outlines the issues and approaches for cohesively coordinating manufacturing services at various levels of the manufacturing device hierarchy.

An effective approach to dynamic obstacle avoidance for mobile robots is described in this paper. The main concepts in this approach include local Polar Object Chart (POC) for defining possible ways out, obstacle definition, detour mode, anchor for preventing getting lost, steering delimiting and velocity delimiting. The presented concepts and methods were tested and verified both by simulations and experiments on a developed prototype industrial Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV). This paper also presents the extended application of some of the concepts in underground navigation. (H. Van Brussel), marnix.nuttin@mech.kuleuven.ac.be (M. Nuttin). 0921-8890/02/$ -see front matter © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. PII: S 0 9 2 1 -8 8 9 0 ( 0 2 ) 0 0 3 2 3 -8

SoftDEL's BOSS toolset provides comprehensive ability to effectively troubleshoot BACnet functionality and interoperability by simultaneous simulation of multiple virtual devices, properties and service configurations. BOSS's easy-to-use interface allows developers and systems integrators to configure, monitor and issue service commands to accessible physical and virtual devices on the BACnet network.

This article presents the results of a qualitative research conducted with directors, managers and consultants of oil and gas end users, companies specialized in EPC contracts, suppliers and integrators of automation systems - all of them operating in the country. The main objective of investigation is to determine how the implementation of automation should be hired for O&G large projects. As secondary objective, to understand why the traditional structures are not maximizing the gains of digital plants concept; to demonstrate that for this to happen it is necessary that the automation
be hired in the early stages of projects; to analyze the impact of existing hiring models and to investigate the successful critical factors in selecting the best provider of the automation system.

Automation is a derivative of the Latin “Auto which means self and “Matos” which means moving. Automation can be refers as a mechanism that can "move by itself" (nptel, n.d.). Automation is a set of technologies that results in operation of machines and systems without significant human intervention and achieves performance superior to manual operation. Industrial automation is the use of control systems, such as computers or robots, and information technologies for handling different processes and machineries in an industry to replace a human being (Mikell P., 2001).
In industrial engineering profession, Industrial Automation can act as advocates in integrating the whole system needs in production. In addition, with the advantages of industrial automation that prioritizes productivity and effectiveness, it can help the Industrial Engineer in determining the proper method in system industry. However, Industrial Engineer should still pay attention to the systematic and precise performance targets.

A planetary trains for multi-speed is mainly used for automation in industries of automobile. A planetary
gear train is represented by a graph. It is identified by (i) number of vertices and their connectivity (ii) number of edges and their types and values (iii) fundamental circuits, their size and adjancy. Connectivity of individual link is a property characteristic of kinematic chain. It is possible to identify a planetary gear,therefore of using sets of labele (decimal numbers representing connectivity ) of individual link. The
connectivity of vertices , edges values and circuit values, related to design invariants which in turn indicates the possible behavior of the gear train ( for example capacity of power transmission, speed ratio and power carculation). For a specified degree – of – freedom a number of planetary gear kinematic chain (PGKCs) are selected and hence planetary gear trains (PGTs) can be formed with a given number of links
and joints so that designer must be able to select to select the best train from the view point of say velocity ratio and capacity of power transmission, space requirements etc. Synthesis of planetary gear kinematic chain and planetary gear trains has been studied(1-9). Almost all reported work deals with only
identification of distinct chains. Besides providing an atlus of chains, this in itself does not provide any help to designer in the selection of best possible gear train. In the present paper a simple method based of circuit property ( based on link-link shortest path distance and degree of links) is presented to determine the topology values of power transmission efficiency and topology power transmission capacity of five-links PGKCs and their distinct inversions

O presente trabalho trata do projeto, construção e análise de desempenho de um robô pneumático com três graus de liberdade. Foi fundamentado no trabalho de Frasson (2007) com alterações na escolha de componentes que permitissem a redução de custos. Tem ...

The last years we are witnessing of rapid advances in the industrial automation domain, mainly driven by business needs towards agility and supported by new disruptive technologies. Future factories will rely on multi-system interactions and collaborative cross-layer management and automation approaches. Such a factory, configured and managed from architectural and behavioural viewpoints, under the service-oriented architecture (SOA) paradigm is virtualized by services exposed by its key components (both HW and SW). One of the main results of this virtualization is that the factory is transformed into a "cloud of services", where dynamic resource allocation and interactions take place. This paper presents a view on such architecture, its specification, the main motivation and considerations, as well as the preliminary services it may need to support.

Service applications of robotic technologies begin to appear in several aspects of daily life, motivated by a number of different reasons. One of the most significant is the over -aging and decreasing of the population in Europe that will cause dramatic social changes in all European Countries. The poor state of most of Health Care Systems in Europe is not

Em 1998 foi publicado no Construction Industry Institute na Universidade do Texas em Austin, um estudo sobre as vantagens de ter-se a compra antecipada de alguns itens estratégicos, mesmo antes da própria definição da empresa responsável peela construção do empreendimento. Estudos posteriores mostraram que a automação industrial, para o controle de processos de grandes plantas na área de petroquímica, deveria ser um desses itens estratégicos comprados antecipadamente e essa contratação deveria seguir o modelo denominado Main Automation Contractor (MAC), onde uma única empresa fica responsável por toda a automação do empreendimento. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar, através da aplicação da técnica multicritério denominada Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), um modelo para a análise técnica das empresas interessadas em ser o MAC de um empreendimento petroquímico de forma a podermos maximizar os investimentos na construção - Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) e operação do projeto - Operational Expenditure (OPEX). Ou seja, trata-se de uma particular aplicação da solução do problema de seleção de fornecedor - Supplier Selection Problem (SSP). Para a construção desse modelo foi efetuado uma série de entrevistas com usuários finais (operadores das plantas), empresas contratistas, empresas de engenharia, integradores de sistema, fornecedores dos sistemas de automação e formadores de opinião que habitualmente se confrontam com esse problema.

Currently industrial control technology experiences a strong trend towards distributed systems. This leads to the distribution of formerly physically centralised hardware and software into smaller units, which are distributed within the automation system. From the software point of view, a major state-of-the-art technology for this is the international standard IEC 61499, for which however wide spread applications do not exist. In addition, internet related technologies also have to be considered, to enhance the overall system performance. Related to these topics diverse proposals created by different organisations exist, which specify a future way of building industrial automation applications. All these approaches have the common modeling paradigm of programming distributed applications by connecting the function blocks in a "system editor". The function blocks for the single distributed units need to be programmed in a specific editor which is device specific. The overall system functionality thus can only be programmed as relationsships of already existing function blocks. Within the IST initiative of the European Commission, the funded research project TORERO aims at specifying both an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) and an architectural platform on specific devices which together allow for the distribution of (central) control functions.

This article attempts to answer a much doubted question through a Graduate perspective. Here, considerations made by other technological premonitory personnel, who have predicted that marine transportation as a whole will be completely automated is reviewed, and also their reasoning is taken forward for a prediction.

An angular momentum spinner includes two or more rotating arms loaded with an adjustable sliding block for each arm and laid symmetrically about a rotating center. Each sliding block is controlled to move along the corresponding rotating arm. Such a spinner can display the conservation of angular momentum vividly and intuitively, and can also serve as an amusing toy for children. The spinner can be used as a teaching equipment to demonstrate the theorem of angular momentum conveniently, intuitively and amusingly. KEYWORDS fidget spinner, angular momentum spinner, theorem of angular momentum, law of conservation of angular momentum, teaching apparatus

Genting raw materials cutting machine is cutting processing tool with the mechanical system work. Working system for each element of machine motion in this study using apneumatic control based mover. One important aspect of the method and manufacturing series systems through the use of automation technology is a programmable logic control (PLC) as the control system. One of the main problems in this research activity is the use of automation technology which can produce products quickly, accurately and efficiently. However, before doing it all, need to understand the operational characteristics of the machine it self, so in the design, manufacture and operation will be easier and get the results as expected. Through this study, the authors tried methods of improvements to the system control processing equipment raw materials, PLC is used as an interface to drive the motion of elements in Pneumatic pump for each motion element. This study focused on the design and construction of the driving element processing tool. The control system of cutting genting raw material is used SR3B101FU PLC (AC 220V) with a pneumatic drive system on the cutting element and pushing motion. The research methodology used in this study is divided into 3 parts, first control system design such as electricity, wiring and PLC programming, second are construction system design such as mechaninal contruction of cutting process and third analysis of control system such as pneumatic cylinder pressures and forces acting genting to determine capability of machine raw materials cutting and pushing process. Forces acting on the double acting cylinder is equal to 1252.86 N its mean cutting machines and encouragement to work at maximum mass of 127.71 kg , while the mass of critical raw materials amounted to only 0.149 kg so that the machine has the capability to perform the cutting of raw materials and promoting material cutting results.

There has been much discussion in the press about productivity improvements that grew at an annual rate of 3.55% from 2000 to 2003 [BW04]. One of the sources of this productivity growth is automation. We have all witnessed numerous ways in which companies have automated their business processes over the past decade. As a recent example, The Dallas Morning News reports in [Baj04] how Atmos Energy, the Dallasbased gas company, is automating its gas meter reading capabilities by using wireless technologies and thus reducing its staff by 225 employees over the next five years. In this article, we will examine current trends in the technology-driven automation and will argue that we are still in the early stages of a new wave of automation that will profoundly affect the economy and will significantly contribute to the productivity growth over the next 10 -15 years.

International Journal of Instrumentation and Control Systems (IJICS) is a Quarterly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Instrumentation Engineering and Control Systems. The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of Instrumentation Engineering and Control Systems. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia and industry to focus on advanced instrumentation engineering, control systems and automation concepts and establishing new collaborations in these areas. Authors are solicited to contribute to this journal by submitting articles that illustrate research results, projects, surveying works and industrial experiences that describe significant advances in the Instrumentation Engineering

In this article, machining characteristics of titanium alloy grade-5 (Ti–6Al–4V) have been examined at different cutting speeds, feed rates and approaching angles under dry condition. It has been observed that with the increase in cutting speeds, the magnitude of cutting forces and tool tip temperature increase. If both cutting force and temperature level were considered together, the optimum approaching angle works out to be 45° and 90° for 49.5 and 76.7 m/min, respectively. For 116.9 m/min increase of cutting forces at 60° approaching angle can be attributed to low-shear angle which is function of the average chip thickness. Positive rake angle produces higher shear angle which leads to the reduction of cutting forces, tool tip temperature and thus help obtaining a better surface finish. Surface roughness measurements obtained prior and subsequent to the machining of titanium alloy (Ti–6Al–4V) were used to characterize the change in roughness caused by variation in machining parameters like cutting speed, feed rate and approaching angle. The average surface roughness is observed to be maximum at 0.11 mm/min and minimum at 0.04 mm/min feed rate for all approaching angles.

Aim of this study is to resolve the automation and control issues in Indian industry with low cost control and effective data analysis for industrial automation. The objective
of study is to take the overview of industrial automation need for present Industries requirement with advance communication facility, record generation for report analysis as well as visualization of information & utilization of advance VFD function to reduce the use of mechanical system and optimize the energy for manufacturing & increase the operation flexibility. In this investigation a new concept is implemented wherein, user can monitor the data and control the data remotely using web access in mobile or else from location where user is located. Also data can be analyzed as per date and time of log in excel format otherwise through email directly.

    In this study, the concept of PLC (programmable logic controller), HMI (human machine interface), energy measurement device, VFD (variable frequency drive), induction motor, data logging are studied. the interface of PLC, HMI, VFD & measurement device was done into various protocols like rs-232, rs-485, etc. Here, VFD is used for controlling the speed of induction motor using analogue output of PLC. The PLC is used for ladder logic development. HMI is used to monitor a variety of parameters of energy measurement device, like speed, direction & operations of induction motor. Analysis is conducted by data logging of parameters like voltage, current, power, along with HMI display. The input – output status is also shown in  display for diagnosis purpose. The report is generated in excel format which is stored in pc drive or USB. This report is useful for future analysis which increases the productivity of the system. In this study of advance technology the researchers have done analysis and monitoring of the data using web as well as in mobile application

Many implementations of the OPC-UA are increasingly available. Until now, use of technologies like the OPC-UA was limited to embedded systems with a sufficient amount of memory resources. OPC-UA offers a scalable feature set that could be tailored according to application demands. We believe that a key to successfully enable Internet of Things for the industrial automation applications lies in bringing down the OPC-UA into low end resource-limited devices, such as sensors. Because the OPC-UA provides a powerful information representation that is exchangeable through interoperable services. This paper has investigated the OPC-UA as a middleware solution for such resource-limited devices. For a proof of concept we have implemented an OPC-UA server based on the "Nano Embedded Device Server profiles" of the OPC Foundation.

Major part of discrete industrial automation hardware is controlled by Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs). While Petri-nets (PNs) have been proposed by many researchers for modelling shop floor discrete control, the majority of the world PLCs are programmed ...

Just culture is an important issue, where its implementation would affect a clear benefit to improve safety. The implementation of Just culture is closely related on how to encourage front-line officers, where front-line officers are often in direct contact with hazards and could provide key information about aviation safety problems and potential solutions. This research aims (1) To review the safety policy and reporting system, (2) To promote just culture in airside operation, and (3) To analyze the effect of promoting just culture to enhance safety culture. The research starts with early analysis using gap analysis to know the maturity of safety management system manual, and questionnaires, to evaluate the individual performance regarding to safety and just culture. Gap analysis using (CASR Part 139-08, 2015) about acceptance of implementation Aerodrome SMS while questionnaire taking 76 officer as a samples and test using Bivariate Pearson Correlation. This pre analysis results the implementation of just culture according to the organization's commitment is not stated clearly in safety policy statement and have not been promote to all employee. From the questionnaire, I found that most officers did not understand the essential of safety, have not known safety reporting system, and afraid of reporting due to blame culture. The technical solutions are by design new safety policy based on (ICAO Doc. 9859 3 rd edition, 2013), evaluate the reporting system and conduct workshop in airside operation. The result shows safety knowledge increase to 90% while the safety reporting system has increased in 84%.

The advent of social media, particularly Twitter, raises many issues due to a misunderstanding regarding the concept of freedom of speech. One of these issues is cyberbullying, which is a critical global issue that affects both individual victims and societies. Many attempts have been introduced in the literature to intervene in, prevent, or mitigate cyberbullying; however, because these attempts rely on the victims' interactions, they are practical. Therefore, detection of cyberbullying without the involvement of the victims is necessary. In this study, we attempted to explore this issue by compiling a global dataset of 37,373 unique tweets from Twitter. Moreover, seven machine learning classifiers were used, namely, Logistic Regression (LR), Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LGBM), Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD), Random Forest (RF), AdaBoost (ADB), Naive Bayes (NB), and Support Vector Machine (SVM). Each of these algorithms was evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score as the performance metrics to determine the classifiers' recognition rates applied to the global dataset. The experimental results show the superiority of LR, which achieved a median accuracy of around 90.57%. Among the classifiers, logistic regression achieved the best F1 score (0.928), SGD achieved the best precision (0.968), and SVM achieved the best recall (1.00).

Intelligent control has contributed great benefits to industry in terms of increasing efficiency and productivity of industrial processes. Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)based controller is one of the control device used in industrial automation drive applications, the important aspect is to control speed of an induction motor in the presence of variable load. The plant model in this project is developed using MATLAB/Simulink and the aim is to simulate and analyze the appropriate control technique suitable for implementation onto the PLC to perform real-time implementation of the VSD (variable speed drive) control. This paper presents the work conducted in analyzing, evaluating and improving a PLCbased intelligent controller for a Pulse Width Modulation Driven Variable Speed Drive (PWM Driven VSD) of an induction motor by using state space control method, focusing at the wide range of speed response. The results show that it is possible to archive a consistent control from low till high speed range.

We kindly ask you to participate in this research devoted to the adoption of service robots by travel, tourism and hospitality companies. By completing the questionnaire, you will be eligible to participate in an opportunity for one of five electronic 100-dollar gift cards, redeemable as Amazon gift vouchers, among other options. Once you have completed the survey, a separate link will be sent to you allowing you to register for the opportunity. The researchers will not be able to identify your responses to the survey questions and the identifying information you will leave for the purposes of the opportunity for the gift vouchers.

For questions about your rights as a research subject, please contact the Director, Office of Research Integrity, Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47306, (765) 285-5070 or at irb@bsu.edu. IRB Protocol Number: 1194315-1

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Dr. Craig Webster, Ball State University, USA, email: cwebster3@bsu.edu
Prof. Stanislav Ivanov, Varna University Management, Bulgaria, email: stanislav.ivanov@vumk.eu

We reside within the twenty-first century where automation of any type i.e. home or industrial has a vital role in human life. Once it involves industrial automation, the construct is applied to giant machines or robots that help in increasing potency in terms of production, energy, and time. Home automation on the opposite hand involves automating the social unit setting. This can be doable as a result of smartphones and the internet that we tend to use daily. Home automation is once more divided into simply dominant appliances employing a smartphone from a foreign location and another sort crammed with sensors and actuators that control the lighting, temperature, door locks, electronic gadgets, electrical appliances, etc. employing a “Smart” system. This paper introduces a hassle-free home automation system that is extensible and minimalist. The entire circuit works solely on sensors and hard-wired connections instead of WIFI/Bluetooth based approach, which can be confusing for some people especially, senior citizens.