Automotive Systems Engineering

Total Innovation Management (TIM) is the system of forming an innovative synergy between technology, organization and culture to build innovation competence in organizations. Supply Chain (SC) is a global network used to deliver products and services from raw materials to end-customers via an engineered flow of information, physical distribution and cash. This paper appraised TIM on SC in the automobile industry in Nigeria using structured questionnaire and interview. The upshot indicated 40% of SC executives are more concerned with risk associated with supply and thus invest in insurance policies. 80% of trained SC staff applies ICT tools in visibility (trackability). All SC staff were receptive to innovative ideas, indicating sustainability of TIM ideology in the sector.

Perceived quality is one of the most important factors underlying success of car manufacturers today. There is a significant amount of literature regarding perceived quality from a marketing research perspective, applied psychology and consumer research. From an engineering viewpoint, perceived quality is represented in the literature mainly by the work that assesses different aspects of perceived quality in order to evaluate them in the early design stages. As a result of this no theoretical framework has yet been compiled that combines customer view on perceived quality and the engineering prospects of this broad term. Consequently, terms regarding perceived quality components and elements often have multiple meanings or meanings similar to each other. There is a need to standardize the terminology and definitions related to perceived quality more concretely. This paper presents the basis of a theoretical framework in an attempt to build a model, including different aspects of perceived quality regarding automotive industry needs. Based on the literature review and industry examples, the authors propose a common terminology and perceived quality definition in the field of the automotive industry.

MR. KAKEBE SEKAJJA ROBERT 5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT With a sense of gratitude, I would like to thank all those people who gave us their time and inconsistent pieces of advice concerning the project and in learning the intricacies that were related to it.

One common denominator across every car, van or truck is high dependency on tyres, and despite the crucial role they play in a vehicle’s safety, they can be easily often overlooked in comparison with other aspects of the vehicle maintenance and inspection.

In the world of automotive innovation is not just about products, but services are also not less important always to be developed. Especially as it is today, people tend to like fast service but does not neglect the quality of the services provided. In this study using Micromotion Study, where technicians will be recorded every movement while using the old method of doing improvements to then be processed in order to generate new working methods that are more effective and efficient. Data retrieval is done by as much as 30 times on each experiment that is using the old methods and the new methods being used, the technicians then processed using computer software be Paired T-Test then the average productivity for the old method was 38.03 seconds/unit. Whereas with the new method have average 25.47 minutes/units, so that an increase in as much as 12.27 min/units or of 32.24%. With productivity increases, then the unit enters the vehicle servicing technicians are carried out can also be increased. So a new method that is already done in the workshop workable Nissan Ahmad Yani Surabaya to further accelerate the servicing work, and can increase the unit entry service.

In this paper, a minimum sensor variable structure control strategy for cruise and tracking longitudinal control of vehicles has been proposed. It relies on the generation of "secondorder" sliding regimes, i.e., sliding modes characterized by an identically null derivative of the sliding variable. Because of the lack of measurements, the use of suitably designed observers is exploited in the paper. On the whole, the proposed strategy is designed so as to guarantee a bounded jerk and to avoid too frequent changes between the use of the accelerator and the brake. The control strategy is robust with respect to matched bounded parameters variations, and uncertainties.

Design Engineer often require vital information related to field operating condition, which can be used to improve and optimize their designs. To meet this need a data logging/analyzer system has to be developed. Existing systems available in the market which are capable of logging field data are complex, costly and are not able to determine
the overall performance of vehicle due to its limited functionality.
The purpose of this paper is to develop a Data logging and Analyzer System using CANlog4 device that will help us to determine the Engine performance of “John Deere 5000 series Tractor”. The CANlog is a programmable device used to log data on CAN bus. So ftware is developed in LTL programming language for CANlog device such that it will monitor the Tractor CAN bus and will log the engine performance parameters on the bus. An offline analysis is performed on the logged data using ICE-GlyphWorks tool which will help us to Graphing of logged data for performance comparison.
In this paper the behavior of various engine performance parameters like break torque, break power, indicated power, friction power, mechanical efficiency, mean effective
pressure and specific fuel consumption are studied over its speed range which will helps us to do the performance comparison. Also the time distribution of parameters like
engine speed, engine torque, engine break power, engine percent load, fan speed, ambient air and coolant temperature are graphically summarized using Histogram which will helps us to know the concentration areas of the particular parameter over its test period of time. It has been observed from the result that the maximum torque and maximum power developed by the engine is 307 Nm and 64.57 kW at the speed of 1332 rpm and 2450 rpm respectively. The maximum power loss observed is 36kW and the average pressured generated inside the cylinder is 400kN/m2. The maximum mechanical efficiency of the
engine is observed at the speed of 1900 rpm. The engine speed is more concentrated between the ranges 2000 to 2250 rpm during its test period of time.

La Revisión Técnica Vehicular tiene por objeto primordial garantizar las condiciones mínimas de seguridad de los vehículos, basadas en los criterios de diseño y fabricación de los mismos; además, comprobar que cumplen con las normas técnicas y jurídicas que les incumbe y que mantienen un nivel de emisiones contaminantes por debajo de los límites máximos establecidos en las regulaciones vigentes. En este artículo describiremos la importancia, procedimiento y características de la Revisión Técnica Vehicular en la ciudad de Quito.

In this work, we investigate how gamification can be integrated into work processes in the automotive industry. The contribution contains five parts: (1) An introduction showing how gamification has become increasingly common, especially in education, health and the service industry. (2) An analysis on the state of the art of gamified applications, discussing several best practices. (3) An analysis of the special requirements for gamification in production, regarding both external norms and the mindset of workers in this domain. (4) An overview of first approaches towards a gamification of production, focusing on solutions for impaired workers in sheltered work organizations. (5) A study with a focus group of instructors at two large car manufacturers. Based on the presentation of three potential designs for the gamification of production, the study investigates the general acceptance of gamification in modern production and determines which design is best suited for future implementations.

Modern automotives integrate large amount of electronic devices to improve the driving safety and comfort. This growing number of Electronic Control Units (ECUs) with sophisticated software escalates the vehicle system design complexity. In this paper we explain the complexity of ECUs in terms of hardware and software and also we explore the possibility of Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) architecture for the integration of add-on software in ECUs. This reduces the complexity of the embedded system in vehicles and eases the ECU integration by reducing the total number of ECUs in the vehicles.

Download: https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv5cg94w
The automotive sector represents more than a simple industry. Since the late nineteenth century, it has embodied the economic and technological power of nations, the lifestyle, the dynamics of urban and territorial development, and it has acted as a national barometer of economic success and failure. This book explains how the car industry works and analyses the challenges both for the sector and for the economies that rely on the industry for jobs, growth, and innovation. It explores an industry that has been under severe pressure in industrialized countries for many years—factories have shut down, jobs have gone, and brands have disappeared—yet world production has never been so high, reaching new peaks annually. Fabio Cassia and Matteo Ferrazzi investigate as well the new trends of urban mobility and the characteristic of " car of the future " : the traditional landscape of car production and usage will be driven by technological advances, connectivity, car sharing, and by one the most fascinating advances, the self-driving car. How different will be the automotive sector in a decade? Will the traditional players be challenged by new entrants such as Google, Apple, Uber?

First chapter download: https://agendapub.com/images/pdfs/chapters/9781911116721_chp.pdf

This study aims to generate a 3D CAD model of the piston valve and conduct CFD analysis of the same. The piston valve of the shock absorber is one of the more critical parts of the mechanism assembly as the motion of the piston through the fluid in the working chamber of the damper is the primary source of damping force in suspension systems. The design of the piston valve is reverse engineered from existing designs and modelling is done in CREO 2.0 using cloud point data generated using Coordinate Measuring Machine. Computational fluid analysis is done using FLUENT integrated into ANSYS15.0 Workbench.

Modern automotives integrate large amount of electronic devices to improve the driving safety and comfort. This growing number of Electronic Control Units (ECUs) with sophisticated software escalates the vehicle system design complexity. In this paper we explain the complexity of ECUs in terms of hardware and software and also we explore the possibility of Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) architecture for the integration of add-on software in ECUs. This reduces the complexity of the embedded system in vehicles and eases the ECU integration by reducing the total number of ECUs in the vehicles.

This is a PDF/Scribd version of the PowerPoint material for a SAWE seminar given initially at the 2017 SAWE Regional Conference (Irving, Tx), and then again at the 2019 SAWE International Conference (Norfolk, Va). The course objective was to enable the student to make reasonably accurate maximum lateral acceleration, rollover lateral acceleration, directional stability, and steering responsiveness determinations in the course of vehicle design. The student was also to become acquainted with such things as the calculation of roll resistance, suspension roll center location, sprung mass roll axis inclination, sprung mass roll inertia, sprung mass roll moment arm, sprung mass roll angle under lateral acceleration, vehicle roll gain, vehicle dynamic index in yaw, transient center of rotation location, and transient yaw inertia. There was also considerable time spent on the behavior of tires under lateral load and “Ackermann Steering Geometry” relationships.
This seminar is very important for anyone engaged in vehicle design, in particular those designing with an emphasis on performance, and special effort has been expended to make it particularly relevant for those involved in the SAE Student Formula Design Competition. However, no one completing this course will walk away without having acquired some degree of enlightenment.

The main purpose of the paper is to determine the change in vehicle energy efficiency due to using the air conditioning system. There is a connection between the changes in vehicle energy efficiency and fuel consumption together with time needed for vehicle acceleration. The paper comprises the measurement results performed at stabilized speeds as well as during vehicle acceleration. The final part of the paper outlines the result of calculation of change in vehicle energy efficiency resulting from air conditioning unit used during New European Driving Cycle.

A detailed comparative analysis of transport and thermodynamic properties of biodiesel fuels and components of these fuels is presented. Five types of biodiesel fuels are considered: Palm Methyl Ester, produced from palm oil; Hemp Methyl Esters, produced from hemp oil in the Ukraine and European Union; Rapeseed oil Methyl Ester, produced from rapeseed oil in the Ukraine; and Soybean oil Methyl Ester, produced from soybean oil. Up to 16 components (methyl esters in most cases) of these fuels are considered. The results are applied to the analysis of biodiesel fuel droplet heating and evaporation in conditions relevant to internal combustion engines, using the model described elsewhere.

This article was originally published in the Winter 1982/83 Issue of the Society of Allied Weight Engineers (SAWE) Journal, pp. 10 to 15, copyright Brian Paul Wiegand/SAWE. It was the precursor to the SAWE Paper #3528, “Mass Properties and Automotive Lateral Acceleration”, presented in 2011 for the 70th Annual International Conference of the SAWE at Houston Tx. It was also the seed for what ultimately sprouted into the SAWE seminar “Automotive Lateral Dynamics and Mass Properties” given initially at the 2017 SAWE Regional Conference (Irving, Tx), and then again at the 2019 SAWE International Conference (Norfolk, Va).
The maximum lateral acceleration level which an automobile can attain in turning is an important index of performance and safety. The obtaining of high maximum acceleration levels has certain inherent weight and center of gravity implications of great significance for the automotive design engineer. The purpose of this article is to examine the physics of automotive turning maneuvers so as to make those weight and c.g. implications explicit.

This paper presents a preliminary study of a new wedge disc brake performance using a brake test rig that has been recently developed at the Automotive Laboratory, Minia University, Egypt. First, the brake test rig is designed and tested for conventional disc brake. Next, the mechanical structure of designed wedge disc brake is presented. After that, some performance tests are conducted at different operation conditions. Finally, comparison between conventional and novel disc brake are performed. Experimental results show that this novel wedge disc brake can multiply the brake force 3.7 times of conventional disc brake at the same conditions.

ABSTRACT Automobile sector is one of the most blooming sectors now-a-days. With the advent of computer assisted engineering and the blend of classic methodologies combined together to bring the most durable result about pre-manufacturing analysis and design optimization. This paper presents an overview of the role of Computer Assisted Engineering in the Design and Simulation of a Formula Vehicle.

The conventional automotive configuration of two axle lines and four wheels, with each wheel located in the corner of the automotive plan view, is one of only a large number of possible wheel/axle configurations, but has prevailed for so long that this fact is often forgotten. The choice of which wheels steer and which wheels are driven compounds the number of configuration variations possible. When other configuration variations are also considered, such as varying the vehicle tire/wheel size/type fore to aft or even side to side (as on some circle track racers), or whether the engine is to be front, mid, or rear located, then the number of all possible configurations becomes infinite.

The intent of this paper, again revised (Rev. G), is to show that a vehicle designed in true accordance with the balanced viewpoint of a professional mass properties engineer may not only demonstrate superior acceleration, braking, and handling, but superior ride, stability, fuel economy, and safety as well. If a design begins with the first principles of how mass properties affect automotive performance in all its aspects , and is optimized accordingly in an integrated manner, then the resulting advanced automotive design may truly “go where none have gone before”.

The Federal Military Government under the leadership of General Yakubu Gowon initiated plans to establish the Peugeot Automobile of Nigeria (PAN). The idea was concretized on October 6, 1969 when the Government invited sixteen (16) reputable vehicle manufacturing companies in the world to establish a vehicle assembly plant in the country.

This paper presents the application of the Discrete Component Model for heating and evaporation to multi-component biodiesel fuel droplets in direct injection internal combustion engines. This model takes into account the effects of temperature gradient, recirculation and species diffusion inside droplets. A distinctive feature of the model used in the analysis is that it is based on the analytical solutions to the temperature and species diffusion equations inside the droplets. Nineteen types of biodiesel fuels are considered. It is shown that a simplistic model, based on the approximation of biodiesel fuel by a single component or ignoring the diffusion of components of biodiesel fuel, leads to noticeable errors in predicted droplet evaporation time and time evolution of droplet surface temperature and radius.

Sales forecasting became crucial for industries in past decades with rapid globalization, widespread adoption of information technology towards e-business, understanding market fluctuations, meeting business plans, and avoiding loss of sales. This research precisely predicts the automotive industry sales using a bag of multiple machine learning and time series algorithms coupled with historical sales and auxiliary features. Three-year historical sales data (from 2017 till 2020) were used for the model building or training, and one-year (2020-2021) predictions were computed for 900 unique SKU's (stock-keeping units). In the present study, the SKU is a combination of sales office, core business field, and material customer group. Various data cleaning and exploratory data analysis algorithms were implemented over raw datasets before use for modeling. Mean absolute percentage error (mape) were estimated for individual predictions from time series and machine learning models. The best model was selected for unique SKU's as per the most negligible mape value.

The  Code  of  Practice  (CoP)  comprises  a  suitable ADAS  (Advanced  Driver  Assistance  System) description  concept  including ADAS  specific requirements  for  system  development. It  summarises best  practices  and  proposes  methods  for  risk assessment and controllability evaluation. The Code of Practice has been pro-duced  by  a  group  of  experts within  the  RESPONSE  3  project,  a subproject  of  the integrated  project  PReVENT,  a  European  automotive industry  activity,  co-funded  by  the  European Commission, to contribute to road safety by developing and demonstrating pre-ventive safety applications and technologies.

“Tire Behavior” is Part 6 of a ten part presentation series "Automotive Dynamics and Design". The intent is to form a comprehensive series of lectures providing instruction in the design of automobiles from both a practical and a stylistic viewpoint. The ten segments constitute the core (reading assignments, homework, and test material not included) of a class to be given over a period of about twelve weeks. The ten course segments are:
1) "Automotive Dynamics and Design"
2) "Longitudinal Dynamics"
3) "Lateral Dynamics"
4) "Vertical Dynamics"
5) "Mass Properties Analysis and Control"
6) "Tire Behavior"
7) "Aerodynamics"
8) "Advanced Topics"
9) "Design (Styling)"
10) "Summary"
Part 1 is essentially an introduction to, and a syllabus for, the course of study. Part 2 constitutes a study of automotive acceleration, braking, and crash deceleration. Part 3 constitutes a study of oversteer, understeer, directional stability, rollover, lateral acceleration: transient and steady state. Part 4 constitutes a study of springing, damping, shock attenuation, road contact, road vibration transmissibility, ride motions. Part 5 constitutes a study of the ten mass properties equations, the ten mass properties uncertainty equations, standard deviation, normal distribution, regression analysis, coefficient of determination, correlation, degrees of freedom, total weight estimation, unsprung weight estimation, sprung weight estimation, estimation of the total weight c.g., estimation of the unsprung weight c.g., estimation of the sprung weight c.g., estimation of the total mass moments of inertia,  estimation of the unsprung mass moments of inertia, estimation of the sprung mass moments of inertia, estimation of the total products of inertia, estimation of the sprung roll moment of inertia. Part 6 constitutes a study of friction vs. traction, normal load vs. deflection, normal load vs. contact area, load capacity, vertical stiffness, lateral traction, longitudinal traction, %Slip, Slip Angle, Traction Ellipse, rolling resistance, temperature effects, speed effects.

In this work, a chassis frame (UGO M15A model) with emphasis on FSAE application was developed. Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) tools such as SOLIDWORKS CAD, SOLIDWORKS Simulation, Autodesk force effect and Autodesk INVENTOR Professionals was utilized in the course of design. The design and analysis of the UGO M15A Chassis frame was conducted with a parametric approach adopted from Prof. Peter Wright of the famous text (F1 Technology), which was performed in a systematic and systemic manner. Every progression of design was assessed and interpreted in detail in this dissertation. The primary goal of increasing the torsional rigidity and stiffness to be above 2000N-m/deg. was achieved from our Finite Element Analysis (FEA) also achieving a weight of 56kg keeping the mounting points for the suspension and engine in mind, never neglecting ease of access, assembly and maintenance. This will help to facilitate easier suspension tuning and also to resist bending and torsional deflection. The project complied with all of the templates and envelopes required by the FSAE 2015 rules. The work serves as a guide to developing a high performance race car for the FSAE competition and will foster the ingenuity of designers by making the proposed indigenous car possible in view of the local content initiatives in Nigeria

In this study, the brake system training and test device and disc brake system and drum brake system were performed in two separate tests. Brake tester and drum brake system with different pedal forces in the range 50-250 N range, braking force, pressure and temperature values ​​were tested by testing the test device. The outputs of the experiment were tabulated and compared and interpreted on the graphs. The purpose of this experiment is to see the differences between the disc and drum brake system (such as the pedal force requirement, temperature differences). intended to be interpreted

Primarily intended for Undergraduate students of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering involving topics like Working of engine, Classification of engines, Engine construction details,  Engine components, Cooling system, Air cooling system, Water cooling system.

"Automotive Dynamics and Design" is Part 1 of a ten part presentation series of the same name. The intent is to form a comprehensive series of lectures providing instruction in the design of automobiles from both a practical and a stylistic viewpoint. The ten segments constitute the core (reading assignments, homework, and test material not included) of a class to be given over a period of about twelve weeks. The ten course segments are:
1) "Automotive Dynamics and Design"
2) "Longitudinal Dynamics"
3) "Lateral Dynamics"
4) "Vertical Dynamics"
5) "Mass Properties Analysis and Control"
6) "Tire Behavior"
7) "Aerodynamics"
8) "Advanced Topics"
9) "Design (Styling)"
10) "Summary"
Part 1 is essentially an introduction to, and a syllabus for, the course of study.

2003
75 pages
german keywords: Wankelmotor / Kreiskolbenmotor
English Keywords: Wankel Engine / Wankel Rotary Engine / Rotary Piston Engine / Rotary Combustion Engine

> 1 - Introduction
  » Course Overview
      » Audience + Purpose
      » Course Content + Objectives
  » How to use this Guide
      » Section Objectives
      » Text + Illustrations
      » Review Exercises
> 2 - Rotary Engine Components
  » Objectives
  » How a Rotary Engine develops Power
  » Intake Stroke
  » Compression Stroke
  » Power Stroke
  » Exhaust Stroke
  » Rotary Engine Components
      » Rotor
      » Gas Seals
      » Oil Seals
      » Rotor Housing
      » Side Housing
      » Stationary Gear
      » Eccentric Shaft
  » Review Exercise 1
> 3 - Basic Operation
  » Objectives
  » Benefits of Rotary Engines
      » Compact + high Output
      » Low Vibration + Noise Levels
      » Flat Torque Characteristics
      » Fewer Component Parts
  » Design Characteristics
      » Process Time
      » Displacement
      » Compression Ratio
  » Review Exercise 2
> 4 - Rotary Engine Controls
  » Objectives
  » Rotary Engine Control Systems
      » Ignition System
      » Intake (Induction) System
      » Variable Dynamic Effect Intake (VDI) System
      » Fuel Injection System
      » Engine Cooling System
      » Secondary Air System
      » Lubrication System (Metering Oil Pump)
  » Review Exercise 3
> 5 - Renesis Rotary Engine Features + Benefits
  » Objectives
  » Renesis Rotary vs. Standard Rotary Engines
  » Differences between conventional + Renesis Rotary Engines
      » Side Intake + Exhaust Ports
      » Intake (Induction) + Fuel Injection Systems
      » Standard + High Power Renesis Engines
  » Renesis Rotary Engine Features + Benefits
      » Fuel Economy
      » Emissions
      » Weight + Mounting
      » Eccentric Shaft
      » Oil Consumption
  » Review Exercise 4
> 6 - Renesis Rotary Engine Systems
  » Objectives
  » Renesis Rotary Engine Systems
      » Air Intake System
      » Jet Air-Fuel Mixing System
      » Exhaust Ports
  » Review Exercise 5
      » Metering Oil Pump
      » Wet Sump Lubrication System
      » Secondary Air Injection System
      » Catalytic Converter
      » Electronic Throttle Control
  » Review Exercise 6
> 7 - Glossary