Value Management

"Since its very inception, social work has been considered an organizationally based profession, with the majority of its workforce employed within formal organizations. Whether in nonprofit, for-profit, or governmental agencies, the practical realities of human service organizations are a central element of professional social work. This book explores the climate and culture of these agencies and provides essential information for surviving and thriving in this setting. It prepares students for their future careers so that they will feel empowered in their work and be able to fulfill their responsibilities toward organizational, community, and social change. Using real-life examples, the authors examine the internal structures of management, financing, and supervision and discuss common conflicts between agencies and professionals. The book’s straightforward tone and practical advice make it an asset to anyone entering human service organizations.

This new edition contains updated examples, case studies, and references. It also contains valuable information on the effects of the recent financial crisis on human service organizations. Agencies now face increased caseloads and more complex social problems with fewer resources and less money. Understanding how these events have changed the nature of human service organizations will allow students to be better prepared for the work ahead of them.

Features

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Expanded content on the practical aspects of organizational theory and suggestions for developing leadership skills
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Updated examples, case studies, and references throughout the book
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Key points and discussion questions following each chapter
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Updated instructor’s manual available online as a PDF or Word document"

W referacie pokazano współczesny potencjał koncepcji inżynierii wartości. Skupiono się na najważniejszych elementach inżynierii wartości, takich jak techniki kreatywnego rozwiązywania problemów oraz metody analizy funkcji. Pokazano korzyści o charakterze dobrych praktyk ze stosowania inżynierii wartości w USA i ich innowacyjny potencjał, a także wskazano polskie tradycje w tym zakresie oraz współczesną lukę, którą jak najszybciej należy zacząć zapełniać.

The paper is to show current potential of the Value Engineering. Paper focuses on the most important techniques of the Value Engineering like function analysis and creative problem solving. Good practice benefits in USA are mentioned and its innovative potential. Polish experience with the method is explained together with current void in that matter that needs to be filled.

Behavioral features of financial indexes during different stages of organizational life-cycle are observed, statistical method of determination integral index of organizational life cycle is offered and propositions of using it in making-decision process are formed in article.

While commoditization is creating opportunities for customers of information technology services, it is creating new challenges for the service providers. Pricing strategies are one of the most important challenges and decisions for today's IT service providers. Pricing strategies for IT services have traditionally focused on covering costs, achieving desired margins and meeting the competition. These pricing schemes range from simple approaches, easily copied by competitors, to complex models with high ...

Value in building can be understood through two different value paradigms. The first paradigm describes the cooperation between the project participants as an important mean to increase effectiveness and efficiency. This paradigm is focused at the process, and is hence called process value. However, this paradigm is not the prevalent paradigm in today's building. The second paradigm describes value as products and related functions, architecture, services, etc. This kind of value is called product value, and is always evaluated in a value for money relation by the customer. Product value inherits some characteristics from value in general, like subjectivity (value lies in the eye of the beholder), context dependency, etc. Product value is unequivocally aimed at the client organization, which are the buyer and the user of product holding value. Derived from this product value paradigm, Value Management (and Value Engineering) has in many years been the most widespread value delivery concept. However, VM is often explained as widely different tools and often confused with VE. Value Management should instead be perceived as a general concept applied in the interface between the brief and the design phase as a mechanism to ensure the capturing, understanding and communication of the client organization's needs and requirements and a transformation of these into a design solution. The need for supporting the interface between brief and design should been seen in the light of theories derived from Concurrent Engineering, which especially develops and focuses on tools supporting phase overlap. In the value for money relation VM is focusing on increasing the value for the client organization, whereas other tools or management concepts focuses on decreasing the cost. Through the description of VM, a clear distinction between VM and VE is provided as well as a definition of VE. However the focus remains on VM. A successful use of VM is important in the briefing process because if the client organization's values (needs/requirements) are not captured and transformed into the initial design solution, but instead discovered at a later stage it will have vital impact on both the cost and the received value for the client organization, i.e. bad value for money ratio.

While commoditization is creating opportunities for customers of information technology services, it is creating new challenges for the service providers. Pricing strategies are one of the most important challenges and decisions for today's IT service providers. Pricing strategies for IT services have traditionally focused on covering costs, achieving desired margins and meeting the competition. These pricing schemes range from simple approaches, easily copied by competitors, to complex models with high ...

Achieving sustainability has been a global concern for people of various countries, professions and disciplines. In recent years, agencies such as the United Nation (UN) have tailored their goals and objectives to the achievement of sustainability in terms of social, economic, and environmental sustainability. For construction, it has become unavoidable to deliver infrastructures that are economically, socially and ecologically sustainable because of various challenges posed by construction activities such as deforestation, and air pollution, among others.

There have been many management tools for the effective production of infrastructures in the construction industry and one of them is value management. Value management provides a multi-disciplinary framework with the aim of achieving the best function of products and elements at the lowest possible overall cost. It involves the identification of alternatives, and the elimination of unnecessary cost, materials, labour, and energy, while striving to provide the best function of the element. Value management has been applied to construction projects in most developed and some developing economies, while it is barely gaining popularity in some other economies. It is therefore necessary to create an awareness of the benefits and understanding of the various obstacles to its implementation among construction industry stakeholders. It is also essential to understand the various drivers that assist in the implementation of the discipline. This book therefore provides readers with the various drivers, barriers and benefits of adopting value management as well as the medium of application of the tool for achieving sustainable construction projects. There are a number of scholarly books in each of these aspects but there is a lack of literature that integrates the link between the two areas as discussed above.

The book adopts divisions into various parts and chapters to highlight various concepts of value management and sustainable construction, which are collectively referred to as sustainable value management for construction projects. Each of the chapters commences with an introduction describing what to expect from the section and concludes with a summary highlighting major issues raised. As this is a research book, references are provided at the end of each chapter for further reading and expansion of knowledge. An index of important and key words is also provided for a quick reference to areas of interest.

The expected readers of this book include built environment researchers; government agencies (public clients) such as parastatals, ministries and other arms of government that are concerned with the provision of infrastructure and other associated developmental projects; corporate agencies involved in planning, executing and managing infrastructures; individual clients who desire value for money for their projects; owners of construction projects; policy makers who are concerned with improving the performance of construction projects; construction professionals tasked with the responsibilities of development and monitoring of construction works; bodies and boards concerned with the monitoring and regulation of the professionals; building contractors in various categories of project execution in building, civil, and industrial engineering areas; and financiers of construction projects, including banks, insurance companies, bond companies, and loan firms,  amongst others. It will also be useful for stakeholders in the construction education sector including education boards; principal administrators of education-related institutions; and researchers in the field of architecture, building, construction management, estate management, engineering, land surveying, project management, quantity surveying, urban and regional planning, and other built environment areas.

The book can be adopted as research guide, framework, aid, note or material for topics relating to value management in construction, the concept of construction projects, project performance indices, and sustainable developments in the construction industry. We hope that all readers of this book will find it not only stimulating, insightful and impacting but also helpful in advancing their knowledge in the areas of value management and achievement of sustainable developments.

Reflexiók a labdarúgás transzferpiacára egy lehetséges elemzési modell vázlatkísérlete mentén Balázs Előd – Péter László Reflexiók a labdarúgás transzferpiacára egy lehetséges elemzési modell vázlatkísérlete mentén 1 Kivonat. A mediált profi labdarúgás önálló üzletágként működik. A labdarúgás gyakorlatának közvetlen alakítói – játékosok, edzők, fizioterapeuták – munkajogi státusuk szerint alkalmazottak, de a kommercializált és kommodifikált játék piaci szabályai szerint pénzben felbecsülhető piaci transzferétékük van. Így nem véletlen, hogy számos szakértő és szervezet azzal foglalkozik, hogy minél pontosabban valószínűsítse egy-egy játékos aktuális piaci értékét. Jelen írásban a labdarúgás transzferpiacára vonatkozó szakirodalmat szemlézzük, hogy megalapozhassunk egy olyan elemzési modellt, amiben a piaci tőkeértéket meghatározó gazdasági tényezők mellett a társadalmi természe-tű faktorok is szerepet játszanak. Abstract. Reflections on Transfer Market. Theoretical Sketch of a Market Value Predictive Model The mediated professional soccer is a special economic domain. All those actors directly connected with the inner practice of the game – footballer, coaches or physiotherapists – have estimated market values. That's why a large number of experts and organizations concern themselves with the appraisal of the aforementioned value. In the present study we are going to summarize the special literature concerning the football transfer market in order to develop an explicative model to estimate the transfer value which takes into account numerous social factors too besides the economic element which are in play in the variation of market values of football players. Bevezetés A professzionális versenysportok mára a globálisan integrált sportrendszer részeként profitma-ximalizáló tevékenységcsoportot képeznek. A sport sajátos formátumú foglalkoztatási rendszer, amiben a szereplők elsődleges célja a profitszerzés. A magas fokon intézményesített és formali-zált keretek közötti, szervezetten végzett sporttevékenységek jellege és természete a gazdasági célokhoz idomult. Ezt a változást a szerzők (például Kew, 1999; Coakley, 1992; Lewis, 2009) a sport kommercializációja és a mediatizáltsága mentén tárgyalják (a globalizálódásának betudha-tóan), aminek eredményeképpen a sportok piaci termékké váltak, más szóval kommodifikálódtak 1 Jelen tanulmány a BBTE Szociológa Tanszék és Max Weber Szociológiai Szakkollégium szervezésé-ben működő Sportszociológiai Kutatóműhely keretében végzett Focipiac elnevezésű kutatási projekt előzetes eredményeit foglalja össze. A szerzők köszönettel tartoznak Csata Zsombornak javaslataiért, de minden felelősség őket terheli.

The 2014 update of this note is now available at http://bit.ly/LPS-5cc — 

The Last Planner System (LPS) manages the relationships, conversations and commitments that together enable program & production planning decisions to be made collaboratively at the lowest possible level in a whole range of one-off production settings — software development, ship-building, yacht fit-out, one-off manufacture, design and construction.

Benefits are discussed followed by a brief outline of the Last Planner System (LPS) and the five key conversations within it. The note continues with a brief discussion of Last Planner in design, learning Last Planner and concludes with a summary.

One of the few tools to be mentioned explicitly in the UK Rethinking Construction (Egan) report in 1998, LPS became required practice for all BAA projects from 1999 and subsequently by other clients such as Waitrose in UK and Sutter Health and others in the US.

With adaptations, LPS works in design. Some elements have been used to plan the delivery of tenders and to plan the work to be done in phases of PFI/PPP projects leading up to financial close.""

The genesis of this IFC White Book lies in the teaching materials prepared for IFC’s Risk Governance Workshops conducted in 20 developing countries during the 2010–2012 time period by the book’s authors. The book and workshops also benefited from the contributions of Torben Andersen of Copenhagen Business School and Zur Shapira of New York University’s Stern School of Business. The contents of the book reflect this team’s years of risk management and governance practice as managers, directors as well as their academic scholarship.

More than 1,000 corporate directors and senior managers participated in the workshop series. The handbook has been shaped by their views, experiences and other feedback and reflects the richness of wide and varied collective experience. The authors have shared specific examples from the participants’ experiences in the handbook — as much as confidentiality constraints allow.

Numerous stock exchanges, regulators, central banks, schools and other institutions partnered with us in hosting the events. The workshops would not have been possible without their administrative support. They also provided key intelligence on local conditions and helped us frame materials to specific emerging market conditions.

IFC staff in local offices and in Washington, D.C. gave their time to help to make these workshops happen. These extended team members are valuable contributors to this final product in as much as their efforts, contacts, and knowledge contributed to the workshops and to the shaping of the consulting teams’ views on risk-taking challenges in emerging markets.

The workshops were funded by contributions from the governments of the Netherlands and Austria, and from IFC. Without their commitment to development, these workshops and this handbook would not have been possible.

The amount of software has increased in several products. Software projects have become more complex and their management requires significant amount of skills from every project manager. The amount of available resources, strict budgets, cost control and need for accurate reporting and documentation as well as good quality are part of every project managers' life. As business challenges project managers more and more it would be useful to know what areas of project management create biggest value to the projects. Value Engineering has been a usable method for developing high value products for several years. It has been applied successfully to software processes as well as to software product development. This research analyses the value of project management using Value Engineering based value assessment. This is done in part by defining the concepts of value, worth, cost and in part by outlining the Value Engineering process with project management practices. The practical industrial case shows that there is big variety in value between typical project management tasks. It also shows that value of project management tasks can be improved using value Engineering based value assessment.

Reflecting on how thinking on the creative economy can be affected by the richness of different examples of value accumulated in this book, the chapter reiterates that we can no longer continue to rely on an axiomatic model, which positions economic value exclusively at the centre of the creative economy. There are inherent pitfalls in doing so and by way of alternative, an action-based framework for conceptualising value construction is outlined, which provides a richer understanding, and which is argued to be integral to processes and interactions, through performance as-doing,-art form,-process, and-power. Framing the different viewpoints of the creative economy through performance uncovers new vocabulary, which is outlined and examined:

The principal problems associated with the concept of strategic corporate management is to identify the financial and non-financial value drivers. In Value Based Management theory the main focus was on financial value drivers but today there is a serious necessity of intangible resources (intellectual capital) valuation and identification. Most studies concerning the measurement of intangible resources relates to companies in such industries as biotechnology, aerospace, computer software, cosmetics, healthcare, Internet, media, advertising, pharmaceuticals and computer industry. The main goal of this paper is to propose value drivers (ratios) that can be used in shareholder value creation process in corporation.

As a mainstream construct the 'creative economy' has become part of the daily vernacular of the policy and praxis of economies, cities and regions, the workplace, and even society. The drive to become creative is to adopt a productionist lens in which the primary objective is to harness-or more literally, to convert-cultural capital for economic (capital) gain. Reducing complex aspects of the creative economy into simple, economic configurations is to at once restrict the focus of analysis to fewer mainstream activities and, in doing so, to restrict our understanding of this complex but important area of economic and social activity, producing a definitional and operational deficit. In this chapter, the imperative for policy and academia to prioritise new ways of thinking about what value means in the context of creative and cultural industries opens up new sectors and areas of social activity. When the experiences and techniques of other disciplines are brought into the frame, new approaches to enriching the evidence base follow. In this chapter and in a firm rebuttal of the productionist lens, the creative economy is framed through 'performing' in a way that views creativity through creative actions, rather than creative labels, leading to performance as doing, an art form, expression, power, process, and experience.

This paper has been prepared in order to present an evaluation of the international business strategies of Ready-made garments industries. Ready-made garments industries are the greatest value creation sector for one country. In Bangladesh, RMG (Ready-made Garments) sector is generating a huge amount of money. Today RMG industry is the most contributing sector in the amount of export that Bangladesh do. In recent years percentage of RMG in total exports rising from 75% to 80%.  In this report we talked about the global RMG industries and the international policies which they are using to conduct the business. Moreover, we talked about the domestic market, growth and size, exported or imported raw materials, valuable skills and human resources and the value chain system. In order to get a clear view we have used Porter`s Diamond theory model and tried to relate with those factors. In addition we have talked about different segment of this sector and others necessary things. In conclusion, most of the information of this report was collected from secondary sources. The sources include data from websites, article, theoretical knowledge and internet search.

Value management (VM) practices have been expanded and became a well-received technique globally. Organisations are now progressing towards a better implementation of VM and should be assessing their strengths and weaknesses in order to move forward competitively. There is a need to benchmark the existing VM practices to reflect their maturing levels which is currently not available. This paper outlines the concept of Value Management Maturity Model (VM3©) as a structured plan of maturity and performance growth for businesses. It proposes five levels of maturity and each level has its own criteria or attributes to be achieved before progressing to a higher level. The framework for VM3© has been developed based on the review of literatures related to VM and maturity models (MM). Data is collected through questionnaire surveys to organisations that have implemented VM methodology. Additionally, semi-structured interviews were conducted to select individuals involved in implementing VM. The questions were developed to achieve the research objectives; investigating the current implementation of VM and, exploring the organisation’s MM knowledge and practices. However, this research was limited to VM implementation in the Malaysian government’s projects and programmes. VM3© introduces a new paradigm in VM as it provides a rating method for capabilities or performance. It is advocated that this VM3© framework is still being refined in the advance stage in order to provide a comprehensive and well accepted method to provide ratings for organisations’ maturity.

Найбільшими експортерами чаю на світовому ринку являються такі країни, як Індія (до 1 млн.), Шрі-Ланка (більше 200 тис. тон), Індонезія (160 тис. тон), Китай, Кенія (250 тис. тон), Бангладеш, Зімбабве. Специфіка даного продукту пояснює особливості торгівлі чаєм на світовому ринку. Форма торгівлі -аукціонна: крупні чайні аукціони організуються в Індії та Шрі-Ланці. Чайпродукція, що дуже вимоглива до умов, часу зберігання та транспортування. Для покупців на даних аукціонах має значення не лише порядок цін, але й місце зростання, час і технологія збору, характеристики самого листа.

in: Neues Handbuch philosophischer Grundbegriffe. Herausgegeben von Petra Kolmer und Armin G. Wild-feuer in Verbindung mit Wolfram Hogrebe, Ludger Honnefelder, Christoph Horn, Wolfgang Kluxen und Wilhelm Vossenkuhl, 3 Bde., Freiburg i. Br. 2011, Bd. 3, 2484-2504.

The supply chain management is defined as the connection between company and its suppliers to deliver finished product to end user. Following parties are directly linked in the journey of product i.e. from initial supplier to consumer. • Producer • Vendor • Warehouse • Transportation • Distribution centers • Retailors While many people believe logistics-or the transportation of goods-to be synonymous with the supply chain, it is only one part of the equation. The supply chain involves the coordination of how and when products are manufactured along with how they are transported. The primary concerns of supply chain management are the cost of materials and effective product delivery. Proper supply chain management can reduce consumer costs and increase profits for the manufacturer (Sweeney, 2009). The supply chain comprises the flow of all information, products, materials, and funds between different stages of creating and selling a product to the end-user. The concept of the supply chain comes from an operational management perspective. Every step in the process-including creating a good or service, manufacturing it, transporting it to a place of sale, and selling it-is part of a company's supply chain.

The notion of experiences constitutes an important concept in the context of travel and tourism. Tourism experiences are increasingly determined by experience co-creation and technology use. Considering the lack of literature addressing these changes, this paper has the aim to discuss the importance of co-creation and technology in the creation of enhanced
experiences and higher value for the tourist. The paper  contributes by conceptualising a fourquadrant Tourism Experience Value Matrix and by suggesting that with the increasing intensification of co-creation and technology-use, the value for the tourist can be maximised leading to enhanced tourism experiences. The paper conceptually differentiates between four major types of tourism experiences to provide a better understanding of their respective value progression and discusses its implications for tourism practice and research.

Value Management (VM) has been proven to provide a structured framework, together with other supporting tools and techniques, that facilitate effective decision-making in many types of projects, thus achieving ‘best value’ for clients. One of the major success factors of VM in achieving better project objectives for clients is through the provision of beneficial input by multi-disciplinary team members being involved in critical decision-making discussions during the early stage of construction projects. This paper describes a doctoral research proposal based on the application of VM in design and build construction projects, especially focussing on the design stage. The research aims to study the effects of implementing VM in design and build construction projects, in particular how well the methodology addresses issues related to cost overruns resulting from poor coordination and overlooking of critical constructability issues amongst team members in construction projects in Malaysia. It is proposed that through contractors’ early involvement during the design stage, combined with the use of the VM methodology, particularly as a decision-making tool, better optimization of construction cost can be achieved, thus promoting more efficient and effective constructability. The main methods used in this research involve a thorough literature study, semi-structured interviews, and a survey of major stakeholders, a detailed case study and a VM workshop and focus group discussions involving construction professionals in order to explore and possibly develop a framework and a specific methodology for the facilitating successful application of VM within design and build construction projects.

technique as means for decision making process. Therefore combining the two processes within a single study is practical and logical as both share the same resources. This paper examines the application of the integration of RM and VM which is subsequently known as Value and Risk Management (VRM) based on several infrastructure project case studies.

In India Value Based Education is the real need of the hour. As we see how the Society is
diminishing in case of values day by day. It is necessary to develop the programs for inculcating
values in the society.
Today’s Indian youths are little bit confused because of the bombarding of the new technological
devices, information explosion and violent news by the press & media. To inculcate the value
system in their confused minds and make them value-oriented-powerful leaders, educational
institutions should take the initiative to impart Value Based Spiritual Knowledge to this new
generation.
“Imbibing the qualities of good conduct, self-confidence and high values would help students
earn a significant place in society. Education without values is like a flower without fragrance.
Students should realize that character building is equally important as career building. A good
character in life is ultimate thing that stretches person’s self-realization”.
An attempt is made in this paper to discuss the role of the value based education in society, it
elaborately discusses about the implications to develop the value education. Rena, R. rightly
points out that “There is a popular misconception that values are “better caught than taught”. In
reality however, values are both caught and taught.” Today’s generation is not going to catch the
values without teaching. We have to teach the values to this generation before they are caught by
the bombarding of the new technological devices, information explosion and also by the media.
The paper lastly discusses about the value education attempt taken by the author herself by
creating the “SanskarSarjan Blog” for her college students. According to the author Value Based
education cannot be taught without Spiritual Knowledge or Spiritual Consciousness.
In conclusion, mere desire or aspiration to progress in life is not enough; success should be based
on values. And for that value-based education must be imparted in today’s institutions. So that
the students may emerge as good leaders in their chosen fields.

Value Management (VM) initially started in early 1940s in the US manufacturing industry has increasingly becoming popular within the construction industry community internationally. It has been widely accepted as an important tool in the management of projects. The structured, systematic and multi-disciplinary approach in decision making process is a niche for VM in delivering better value for money project to the client investment. It would appear to be gaining some momentum as an essential management tool in the Malaysian construction sector especially in the quantity surveying practice. Quantity surveyors increasing involvement in VM provides an opportunity for the profession to re-model some of its traditional services in a more positive light and develop leading-edge skills and promote the profession. International practice has associated VM to be part of services offered in the quantity surveying practice; especially in UK has proven to be a natural progression of QS profession.
The introduction of VM as early 1980’s in Malaysia combined with increasing demand for construction project to facilitate nation progress is shedding a positive light for quantity surveying profession to take lead in developing VM as one of their niche area. Therefore, the quantity surveying profession having the opportunity to take lead of this service which reflect their traditional attributes for providing the best value-for-money advise to the client. This paper shall discuss on the development of VM in Malaysia and the challenges VM face services in QS firm to remain ahead of their competitors.

Situated in the south-eastern suburbs of Rome, between the Via Latina and Via Appia antica, the Caffarella valley forms part of the Appia Antica archaeological park. The constitution of a public park that would include the valley began amidst debates on the creation of the Appia Antica Park in the 1950s. The Caffarella Park was ultimately created in 2005 thanks to the joint efforts of citizens and institutions. However, various important areas have not yet been annexed and are therefore at the mercy of inconsiderate actions by private citizens. In this regard, the future of the Park remains undetermined.
This book, which ties into on-going discussions on the need to defend and promote the area, starts by asking some fundamental questions to reflect on the way in which both material and immaterial heritage can be democratically shared in Italy: what was the driving force behind decades of battles to make this space accessible to the public? why is this space so important to society? In what lies its value?
To address these issues, the cultural process underlying the development of a collective memory of the Caffarella will be investigated and contrasted with the notion of Antiquity that characterizes this archaeological site. The different meanings attached to the monuments and landscape of the valley over the centuries are analysed in the belief that value can be assigned only to what  is recognized. Starting with its ancient roots, the many stories of the Caffarella are told in order to depict the landscapes created by human hands and minds over time.

This article presents results from the first statistically significant study of cost escalation in transportation infrastructure projects. Based on a sample of 258 transportation infrastructure projects worth US$90 billion and representing different project types, geographical regions, and historical periods, it is found with overwhelming statistical significance that the cost estimates used to decide whether such projects should be built are highly and systematically misleading. Underestimation cannot be explained by error and is best explained by strategic misrepresentation, that is, lying. The policy implications are clear: legislators, administrators, investors, media representatives, and members of the public who value honest numbers should not trust cost estimates and cost-benefit analyses produced by project promoters and their analysts.