Variation

Le principe d'inertie, fondation de la physique scientifique, est un puits sans fond d'où sort une odeur pestilentielle, que l'on peut remonter avec un simple baquet, celui de Newton. Ce principe suppose que la ligne droite et le mouvement uniforme auraient une vertu fondatrice en physique, alors qu'il empêche d'avancer sur de nouvelles voies.

In a series of 3,000 bone scans reviewed retrospectively 21 (0.7%) small calvarial foci were observed. Seventeen of these lesions were found along skull suture lines. No evidence for metastatic disease could be found. Skull radiographs were normal and follow-up bone scans demonstrated no change in the size or location of the lesion. These intense calvarial foci are thought to represent normal variations; among the possibilities are subradiographic cartilaginous rests, sutural foramina, or enlarged Pacchionian granulations.

The study was conducted to determine the variety and variation of B’laan language in two municipalities. Specifically the study aimed to find out the following: What are the variety of B’laan language? Are there lexical and morphological variations existing in B’laan language by B’laan tribe in Bacong, Tulunan North Cotabato and Lampitak, Tampakan South Cotabato? And What factor influences such linguistic variety and variation of B’laan language? The scope of this study was confined to B’laan tribe living in barangay Bacong, Tulunan North Cotabato and barangay Lampitak, Tampakan South Cotabato. Descriptive method of research using structural and sociolinguistical analysis was utilized to describe and determine the linguistic variety and variation of B’laan language. Findings revealed that B’laan language has two language variety the To Lagad and To Baba. Results further show that linguistic variation on lexical and morphological features of B’laan language in this study is influence...

SummaryCassava flour has potential for multiple applications in the food industry. To develop cassava varieties for targeted household and industrial uses, it is necessary to evaluate the varietal and environmental variations in fresh root yield, cyanide potential and physicochemical properties. A total of 303 and 379 cassava varieties were grown at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture research farm, Nigeria in 2000 and 2001, respectively, and harvested at 12 months after planting. The genotypic variations in cyanide content as well as the genotype × year interactions on the cyanide contents were significant (P < 0.01). There were significant (P < 0.05) genotypic variations in all the pasting properties except peak time and pasting temperature in 2001. The observed wide varietal differences in pasting properties indicate that cassava genotype can be targeted for use in different food products, feed and industries. The clones were screened and characterised for f...

Lacustrine sediments from Lake Isdalsvatn downstream from the southwestern margin of the plateau glacier Hardangerjøkulen, central-southern Norway, show that the lake received glacial meltwater until 7890 ± 95 BP. A thin, bluish-grey minerogenic silt layer probably reflects a short glacial (re)advance between 7005 ± 90 and 6835 ± 150BP. After the latter date, inflow of glacial meltwater ceased, indicating that small or, more probably, no glaciers existed on the southwestern Hard angerjøkulen plateau. A drop in organic content and a slight increase in detrital content inferred from magnetic susceptibility at 120cm depth in the core, may indicate some glacier activity in the catchment from about 3400 BP. Textural changes at 50cm depth indicate increased Neoglacial activity in the upper catchment area from 2265 ± 80 BP. Differences in glacier chronologies between the southern and northern sectors of Hardangerjøkulen may be explained partly by different glacier responses to the precipit...

Introduction: The clinical anatomical knowledge of the brachial plexus of the upper limb and its variants is essential for many upper extremity surgical procedures following hand injuries. Case Report: An unreported anatomical variation was observed during training surgery of the right upper limb of a male cadaver. The musculocutaneous nerve originates in the lateral cord and extends outwards, passing beneath the coracobrachialis muscle before proceeding to its initial branch, leading to the biceps brachialis muscle. The abnormal origination of the musculocutaneous nerve in the cadaver was in the midpoint of the arm from the median nerve. A thin nerve branch also innervated the coracobrachialis muscle, originated in the lateral cord, and continued laterally. Conclusion: Since no accurate similarity was reported, we consider this variation unusual and useful, especially for surgical purposes.

O uso de exemplos é um recurso do qual todos os professores de matemática se valem para ensinar os conteúdos matemáticos. Ainda que as estratégias metodológicas possam ser muito diferentes, a exemplificação que elas contêm pode ter traços comuns e, neste artigo, apresentamos dois desses traços: a variação e a transparência. Estas duas características que os exemplos apresentam podem ser combinadas de modo que as generalizações e abstracções sejam mais facilmente alcançadas pelos alunos; particularmente, mostramos essa simbiose no caso do estudo das funções quadráticas.Todavia, exemplificações diferentes produzem também tipos de exemplos diferentes. No estudo que aqui descrevemos encontrámos diferenças importantes que permitiram identificar duas tipologias de exemplos muito diferentes, embora com o mesmo objectivo e igualmente eficazes.

This study investigated morphological characters and electrophoretic polymorphism at 25 protein loci in nine wild populations of the African clariid catfish Clarias gariepinus and seven wild populations of C. anguillaris. Two other clariid species, Clarias albopunctatus and Heterobranchus longifilis, were used as outgroups in the allozyme study. Morphometric and allozyme data are congruent for the Nilo‐Sudanian populations of C. gariepinus and C. anguillaris. Both approaches also distinguished two groups amongst the C. gariepinus populations, one containing Nilo‐Sudanian populations and the other including Lake Victoria and southern African populations. However, allozyme data suggest that C. gariepinus is not a monophyletic group and show that C. albopunctatus is more divergent from C. gariepinus and C. anguillaris than it is from H. longifilis, stressing the need for a revision of clariid systematics. The variation observed in C. gariepinus is discussed in terms of palaeogeographic...

The concepts of function, derivative, velocity and acceleration are covered at the beginning of introductory Calculus and Physics courses. The initial approach incorporates differentiation equations. These expressions do not achieve a students' conceptual understanding. This article describes an algorithm to differentiate the function f(x)=x n . The process is developed through differentiation formula, approximations and a matrix model. In addition, this model is based on determinants and it is verified with the software Excel. Finally, motion situations are characterized by a numerical table, for instance, the height of an object as a time function.

Sedimentological and dynamic evolution of sediment loads in the river-lagoon complex south-western Watersheds wet tropical environments are increasingly marked by degradation of land and water, related to multiple activities they offer to the riparian population. This anarchic occupation facilitated high erodibility of land and by corollary high turbidity of water courses and water bodies and therefore a reduction in the depth of the bed of the river-lagoon complex. The objective of this study is to evaluate the filling areas and digging beds and solid contributions to Benin river-lagoon complex from turbid expenses before and after the impoundment dam Nangbéto because it plays a role significant changes in terrigenous flows. The data are rainfall, flow rates, TSS, turbidity, sediment loading, bathymetry, land use land cover Landsat TM 1985 and 2000. TSS and turbidity of existing water, little masters available nevertheless assessed the sediment loads of water drained by the blades ...

This study applies the observation of alignment between geographical watersheds and linguistic groupings to the Tibetan Plateau and the Himalayas. Tournadre (2014) estimates 220 Tibetic language varieties in 25 major groupings, sharing a common linguistic ancestry. Typological groupings can be readily identified through mapping human settlements to watersheds. For areas that have yet to be researched, consistent hypotheses for typological groupings can be arrived at. Next to explaining anomalous data within a particular area or how certain linguistic features spread, a watershed-based map identifies possible linguistic areas to be researched. The concept is applied in detail to the watersheds and languages of Bhutan and then expanded out to the broader Tibetan region.

Models were developed to describe genetic variation among 201 seedling populations ofPinusponderosa var. ponderosa in the Inland Northwest of the United States. Common-garden studies provided three variables that reflected growth and development in field environments and three principal components of six variables that reflected patterns of shoot elongation. Regression models were developed for describing genetic variation across the landscape. Using functions of latitude, longitude, and elevation as descriptors, these models produced values of R2 that were as large as 0.66, while averaging 0.39. The models described genetic variation as occurring along relatively steep elevational clines and gentle geographic (i.e., latitudinal and longitudinal) clines. An exercise at validating the models with independent data supported their veracity. Predictions made by the models are applied to limiting seed transfer, designing breeding zones, planning gene conservation programs, interpreting p...