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Akhuparni

Dept of Dravyaguna
CONTENTS

CONTENTS

Introduction to Ayurveda and Dravya guna vignana
Classical Categorization
Synonyms
Vernacular Names
Habitat
Family Description
About Citrus
Morphology
Parts Used
Rasa Panchaka
Chemical Constituents
Action
Rogaghnata
Therapeutic Uses
Use in Other Places
Posology
Important Formulation
Research
Commercial Uses
Cultivation
Classical Reference
Conclusion
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Akhuparni

Dept of Dravyaguna
Bibiliography











I NTRODUCTI ON










INTRODUCTION

About AYURVEDA
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Akhuparni

Dept of Dravyaguna

Ayurvedic Science has a wider recognisation & prevalance in the
world from the part as early as human civilization & vedic period.
Ayurveda - " A complete science of life "
This medical system about balancing & integrated the body, mind & spirit. This system is
necessary for maintain & improve the health. Ayurveda is a Sanskrit word derived from
two roots
"AYU " which means LIFE
" VEDA " which means KNOWLEDGE
Knowledge arranged systematically with logic becomes science, during the due course of
time, Ayurveda became the science of life. It is a Qualitative, holistic science of health &
longevity, a philosophy & system of healing the whole person, body & mind.
Ayurveda focuses on three main healing areas for total health :
I. The prevention of disease
II. The healing of existing illness
III. The promotion of body longevity & rejunvenation through eating habits.
The premise to all of these principles is closer to nature. The better as there is
considerable valuable wisdom in nature which supports glowing natural health willness.
In the recent years, the interest in medicinal plants has increased in a great deal. Apart
from this, people from the west have also taken this matter seriously by conducting
various researches on plant based medicines.
In simple terms Ayurveda's objective is to help the individual by educating them with the
knowledge, to be self - reliant. by employing plant medicines, correct whole food eating
habits & regularly scheduled exercise & healthy life style.
Ayurveda is considered " A whole health life approach ".

About Dravya Guna

Dravya Guna is an integral part of Ayurveda which deals with description &
uses of individual drug employed in the treatment of various ailments. These parts of
science of life though not reckoned as individual branch, is crucial in the practice of its
eight branches, as basic knowledge of both the properties & the action of the individual
drugs is essential for their effective use.
Dravya Guna is a genies of plants knowledge.
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Akhuparni

Dept of Dravyaguna
The use of the plant for the medical purpose for a very long & unbroken history. The
oushadhi sukta in Rigveda is the oldest document available on the medicinal plant, the
morphological character of medicinal plant, habitat, therapeutical, classification & uses
of their in various aligments are briefly described in it. An evolving living tradition plant
were an integral part of life in vedic period.
I. Rigveda - 67 plants
II. Yajurveda - 81 plants
III. Atharvanaveda - 300 plants

Dravya Guna Vignyana experienced its golden era of Nighantus. The majority of
medicines & rasayanas mentioned in Ayurveda are of plant orientation. In order to
understand the Ayurveda, one must understand the application of Dravya Guna which
is healing branch.











About AKHUPARNI


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Akhuparni

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Akhuparni

Dept of Dravyaguna
About AKHUPARNI


Ahkuparni, (merrimia emarginata) of convolvulaceae is a very good krimighana drug.
It,s functions are some what similar to Mandukaparni. This drug is also considered as a
good R asayana drug. The whole plant is uesd for medicinal preparations.
Akhuparni is katu-tiktha in taste sheeta veerya indicated in diseases like udar roga,
Jwara, Anaha,Krimi,Pandu,Prameha etc. Laymen are also known about the importance of
this drug.









Name of the Drug : Akhuparni
Botanical Name : Merremia emarginata
Family : Convolvulaceae









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Akhuparni

Dept of Dravyaguna





CLASSI CAL CATEGORI ZATI ON















CLASSICAL CATEGORIZATION
In the universe there are innumerable plants so classification of medicinal plant is necessary to
identify it & also to comfirm the contravercy.


Charaka : Krmigha

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Akhuparni

Dept of Dravyaguna
Sushruta : Surasadi

Vagbhata : Surasad


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Akhuparni

Dept of Dravyaguna
Synonyms:
Akhuparni
Krishika
Dravanthi
Chitra
Indrakarni
Nyogadhika
Mushika karni
Vrchika karni
Sukarni
Chanda
Bhumichari
Sambari
Bahupadika
Pratyekshreni
Vrsha
Putrashreni
Adhribu
Bahu karnikamata















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Akhuparni

Dept of Dravyaguna


VERNACULAR NAMES
















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Akhuparni

Dept of Dravyaguna
VERNACULAR NAMES :
Language is the meen of communication,knowledge of plant in different language helps us to
immune the communication at different region,that,s why it is necessary to know plants name
in different language.

Hindi : Musakani
Telgu : Elukachevi Aku
Tamil : Elikatukirai
Bengali : Indukani
Marathi : Undirakani.
Gujarati : Undarakani
Urdu : Chahakan.
Latin : Ipomea reniformis
Europian : Saradam
Arabic : Ajanuluphar
Persian : Goromusha\
Francy : Sathar, Goromush
Sanskrit : Akhuparni









HABI TAT
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Akhuparni

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HABITAT

It is seen in Asian tropicalregions India, Nepal, Srilanka. It is also seen in Africa, Myanmar,
Thailand, Indonesia & Australia.























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Akhuparni

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FAMI LY DESCRI PTI ON














FAMILY DESCRIPTION

Akhuparni belongs to the family Convolvulaceae
They can be easily recognised by the formal shap radially symmetrical, corolla, the floral
formula for the family has 5 sepals fused petals 5, esipetalous stamena and 2 part syncarpous
& superior gynocium.
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Akhuparni

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The leaves are starely tubion, roots of some species are used as food stuffs & seeds are
exploided for their medicinal value.
Member of family are well known as knowy garden plants(eg; morning glory)& as troull
same uesd (eg; bind acud).
Copnvolvalauae species & its associated funge sheded that presence of funger & identified
DWA squeezing 18s & 11s ribosomal DNA & phylogaietic analysis to be closely related to
finge the family calavimpitance.



















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Akhuparni

Dept of Dravyaguna






MORPHOLOGY








MORPHOLOGY
These are perennial herbs, prostrate, axialpart, sparsely hirtellous&
glabrascent, stem rooting at nodes becoming tuberculate . petiole 0.2-
3.7cm leaf blade reniform to broadly ovate 0.5 to 3.5 x0.6-3.5mm,
glabrous or sparsely appressed pilose, base cordate, margin entire or
coarsely crenate, apex obtuse broadly rounded or slightly emarginated.
Inflorescences sub sessile.1(3) flowered, bracts unequal ovate to linear
pubercent apex acute pedical 2-4mm. Sepals obovate to circular to
subquadrate, margin long ciliate. Outer 2 sepals 2.5mm, apex obtuse
hoodlike & distinctly mucronate. Inner 3 sepals 3-6mm deeply
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Akhuparni

Dept of Dravyaguna
emarginated corolla yellow tubular companulate 5-9mm mid petaline
bands distinctly 5 veined purplish tinged outside.
Inside pubescent basally limb slightly 5 lobed. Overy glabrous . capsule
enclosed by perisislent calyx, brown black with globular 5-6mm
longitudddinally. Grooved glabrous, apiculate, seeds are grayish brown.














PART USED





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Akhuparni

Dept of Dravyaguna
PART USED
The whole plant that is :
Patra
Phala
Skandha
Pushpa
Moola











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Akhuparni

Dept of Dravyaguna
PROPERTI ES
1.RASA
2.GUNA
no Guna A.H. B.N. K.N. S.N.
1 Laghu
2 Rukshna
3 Tikshna


3.VIRYA
no Virya A.H. B.N. K.N. R.N. S.N. N.A.
1 Sheeta
4.VIPAKA
no Vipaka B.N. K.N. R.N. N.A.
1 Katu


no Rasa A.H. B.N. K.N. R.N. S.N. N.A.
1 madhura
2 Amla
3 Lavan
4 Katu
5 Tikta
6 Kashay
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Akhuparni

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CHEMI CAL COMPOSI TI ON












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Akhuparni

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CHEMICAL COMPOSITION


Some of the important chemical constituents which makes the drug, a highly potent one
are as follows:

Caffeic
P- coumaric
Ferulic acid
Sinapic acid
Esters from seeds
Volatile oils.















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THERAPEUTI C USES
















THERAPEUTIC USES


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Akhuparni

Dept of Dravyaguna
1 ) Yonivyapata : Inserting the root of Musikaparni in to vaginal tract will be useful in all
vaginal infections.
2) Krimi : Decoction of Akhuparni is mixed with suger & given in case of fever caused
by worms.
3) Krimi : Akhuparni swarasa with rakta Sali is given .
4) Agnimandhya: Akhuparni kwatha is given.

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Akhuparni

Dept of Dravyaguna
INDICATIONS
INDICATIONS:
Aanaha
Udar roga
Hryday roga
Jwara
Shoola
Krimi
Pandu
Kustha
Bhagandara
Prameha
mutrakricha












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Akhuparni

Dept of Dravyaguna









POSOLOGY
&
I MPORTANT FORMULATI ON






POSOLOGY

Leaf powder : 3-5 gm
Decoction : 5ml
Fresh juice : 10-20ml
Root : 1-3gm
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Akhuparni

Dept of Dravyaguna

IMPORTANT FORMULATION
Some of the important formulation of Akhuparni drug are follows:
Akhuparni kwatha
Akhuparni phanta
Akhuparni swarasa










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Akhuparni

Dept of Dravyaguna
RESEARCH
RESEARCH

Alcoholic extract of whole plant showed a general depressant action in rats, a reversibale
inhibitory effect on the heart of frog & rabbits also constriction of coronary vessels of rabbit
heart. The extract also had spasmolytic action on guine a pig ileum, & hypotensive effect on
influenced by atrophine sulphate in cats (Sukkawala & Desai 1962)




















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Akhuparni

Dept of Dravyaguna









CULTI VATI ON











CULTIVATION
From harbaceous stem cuttings.
From seed: sow indours before last frost.
From seed: Germinate in a damp paper towel.
From seed: Germinate in to vitro in gelatin, agar or other medium.
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Akhuparni

Dept of Dravyaguna


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Akhuparni

Dept of Dravyaguna
CONCLUSION

CONCLUSION:
By knowing all the guna karma of Akhuparni we can come to conclusion that it is a good
medicine for krimi. It is also a good Rasayana drug.
It held an important place among valuble druges of Ayurveda due to its action on the body in
curing various diseases.














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Akhuparni

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CLASSICAL REFERENCE









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Akhuparni

Dept of Dravyaguna
CLASSICAL REFERENCE
1.

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2.

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3.

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4.

(..)
5.

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6.

(..)
7.

( ..)
8.

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PHOTOGRAPHY






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Akhuparni

Dept of Dravyaguna
PHOTOGRAPHY


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Akhuparni

Dept of Dravyaguna

BI BLI OGRAPHY














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Akhuparni

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BIBLIOGRAPHY
Bhava Prakasha Nighantu of Bhava mishra
Edited & commented by Ganga Sahi Pandey &
Chunekar K C { Chowkhambha Sanskrit Samsthana,
Varanasi} 2006

Raja Nighantu of Pandit Narahari
Edited by Dr. Indradeo Tripathi { Chowkhamba Sanskrit
Samsthana, Varanasi} 2003.

Dhanvantari Nighantu of Dhanvantari
Edited by Priyavrat Sharma { Chowkhambha Publication,
Varanasi} 2005.

Kaiyadeva Nighantu of Kaiyadeva
Edited by Priyavrat Sharma { Chowkhambha Orientalia,
Varanasi} 1979.

Indian Materia Medica
Edited by Dr. K. M. Nadkarni { Printed in India by Taj press
Delhi & published by Ramdas Bhat Kal} 2005

Indian Medicinal Plants of Lt. Colonel. K. R. Kirtikar & B. D. Balu
Edited by E. Blatter, J. F. Caius, K. S. Maharkar { printed in
India by Shiva of set press} 2004

Vanoushadhi Chandrodaya by Sri, Chandra Raja Bhandari,
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Akhuparni

Dept of Dravyaguna
{ Chowkhambha Samskruta Samsthana} 2003
Ayurvedic Pharmacology & therapeutic uses of medicinal
plant by Vaidya V M Gogte
Edited by S. Rama Krishnan {Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan}2000

Dravya guna Vignana by Gyanendra Pandey { Chowkhambha
Krishnadas Academy, Varanasi} 2004

Dravya guna Vijnana by Dr. J L N. Sastry { Chowkhambha
Orientalia, Varanasi} 2004

Dravya guna Vijnana by P V Sharma { Chowkhambha Bharati
Academy, Varanasi} 2003