Practise Question From Module-1

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Affiliated to BPUT: Rourkela)
INSTITUTE PARK, PALUR HILLS, BERHAMPUR, ODISHA -761 008
PRACTICE QUESTION
MODULE-1
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONIS & COMMUNICATION

ENGINEERING
(NBA Accredited)
Programme : B.Tech
Subject : DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING
Subject Code : PET5I102
No. of Credit : 3
Semester : 5th
Branch : Electronics & Communication Engineering
Batch : 2018-22
Sukanti Pal
Instructor(s) :
(Assistant Professor, Department of ECE)
Institute Park, Palur Hills, Berhampur, Odisha -761 008
SYLLABUS
MODULE-I
(08 hours)
Discrete Time System: Basic Discrete Time Signals and their classifications, Discrete times
systems and their classifications, Stability of discrete time system, Analysis and response
(convolution sum) of discrete - time linear LTI system, Recursive and Non-recursive discrete
time system, impulse response of LTI system, Correlation of discrete time Signal.
Department Of Electronics & Communication Engineering (NBA Accredited) Page

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MCQ
1. A signal can be represented in
(a) time domain
(b) frequency domain
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
Answer : (c) both (a) and (b)
2. (n) =
(a) u(n) + u(n – 1)

(b) u(n) u(n – 1)
(c) u(n) – u(n – 1)
(d) u(n – 1) – u(n)
Answer : (c) u(n) – u(n – 1)
3. A deterministic signal has
(a) no uncertainty
(b) uncertainty
(c) partial uncertainty
(d) none of these
Answer : (a) no uncertainty
4. A random signal has

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(a) no uncertainty
(b) uncertainty
(c) partial uncertainty
(d) none of these
Answer : (b) uncertainty
5. A signal is an energy signal if
(a) E = 0, P = 0
(b) E = , P = finite
(c) E = finite, P = 0
(d) E = finite, P =
Answer : (c) E = finite, P = 0

6. A signal is a power signal if
(a) P = finite, E = 0
(b) P = finite, E =
(c) P = finite, E = finite

(d) P = , E =
Answer : (b) P = finite, E =
7. A system whose output depends on future inputs is a

(a) static system
(b) dynamic system
(c) non-causal system
(d) both (b) and (c)
Answer : d) both (b) and (c)
8. A non-anticipative system is a
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(a) static system

(b) dynamic system
(c) causal system
(d) non-causal system
Answer : (c) causal system
9. y(n) = x(n + 2) is for a

(a) linear system
(b) dynamic system
(c) both linear and dynamic system
(d) non-linear system
Answer : (a) linear system
10. y(n) = x(2n) is for a
(a) time-invariant system
(b) time varying, dynamic system
(c) linear, time varying, dynamic system
(d) linear, time-invariant, static system
Answer : (c) linear, time varying, dynamic system
11. y(n) = x(–n) is for a
(a) non-causal system
(b) linear, causal, time-invariant system
(c) linear, non-causal, time-invariant system
(d) linear, non-causal, time varying, dynamic system
Answer : (d) linear, non-causal, time varying, dynamic system
12. y(n) = x(n) + nx(n – 1) is for a

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(a) dynamic system

(b) causal system
(c) linear system
(d) all of these
Answer : (d) all of these
13. y(n) = x(n) u(n) is for a
(a) static, linear system
(b) causal, time-invariant system
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
Answer : (a) static, linear system
14. A system which has a unique relation between its input and output is called
(a) linear system
(b) causal system
(c) time-invariant system
(d) invertible system
Answer : (b) causal system
15. A system which does not have a unique relation between its input and output is
called
(a) non-linear system
(b) non-causal system
(c) time-variant system
(d) non-invertible system
16. A periodic signal x(n) of period N1 is added to another periodic signal of period
N2.Then the period of the resulting figure is always
a. N1+N2
b. N1N2

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c. LCM of N1&N2
d. GCD of N1 &N2
Ans: c LCM of N1&N2
17. Convolution is used to find
a. The impulse response of an LTI system
b. Frequency response of a system
c. Time response of an LTI system
d. None of these
Ans: c Time response of an LTI system
18. The auto-correlation of a rectangular pulse is

a. Another rectangular pulse
b. Square pulse
c. Triangular pulse
d. One channel signal
Ans: a
19. Signals that are generated by multiple source are called
a. Multi channel signal
b. Multi dimensional signal
c. One dimensional signal
Ans: a. Multi channel signal
20. Signal which is function of single independent variable is called

a. Multi channel signal b.
b. Multi dimensional signal c.
c. One dimensional signal
Ans: c One dimensional signal

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OBJECTIVE QUESTION
1. What is a continuous and discrete time signal?
Continuous time signal: A signal x(t) is said to be continuous if it is defined for all time t.
Continuous time signal arise naturally when a physical waveform such as acoustics wave
or light wave is converted into a electrical signal. Discrete time signal: A discrete time
signal is defined only at discrete instants of time. The independent variable has discrete
values only, which are uniformly spaced. A discrete time signal is often derived from the
continuous time signal by sampling it at a uniform rate.
2. Give the classification of signals?

x Continuous-time and discrete time signals x Even and odd signals x Periodic signals
and non-periodic signals x Deterministic signal and Random signal x Energy and Power
signal
3. What are the types of systems?
Continuous time and discrete time systems x Linear and Non-linear systems x Causal and
Non-causal systems x Static and Dynamic systems x Time varying and time in-varying
systems x Distributive parameters and Lumped parameters systems x Stable and Un-
stable systems.

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4. What are even and odd signals?

Even signal: continuous time signal x(t) is said to be even if it satisfies the
condition x(t)=x(-t) for all values of t. Odd signal: he signal x(t) is said to be odd if it
satisfies the condition x(-t)=-x(t) for all t. In other words even signal is symmetric about
the time origin or the vertical axis, but odd signals are anti-symmetric about the vertical
axis.
5. What are deterministic and random signals?
Deterministic Signal: deterministic signal is a signal about which there is no certainty
with respect to its value at any time. Accordingly, we find that deterministic signals may
be modeled as completely specified functions of time. Random signal: random signal is a
signal about which there is uncertainty before its actual occurrence. (e.g.) The noise
developed in a television or radio amplifier is an example for random signal.
6. What are energy and power signal?
Energy signal: Signal is referred as an energy signal, if and only if the total energy of the
signal satisfies the condition 0<E<P<∞.
Power signal: Signal is said to be power signal if it satisfies the condition 0<P<∞.
7. What are elementary signals and name them?
The elementary signals serve as a building block for the construction of more complex
signals. They are also important in their own right, in that they may be used to model
many physical signals that occur in nature.
There are five elementary signals. They are as follows
x Unit step function
x Unit impulse function
x Ramp function
x Exponential function
x Sinusoidal function
8. What are time invariant systems?
A system is said to be time invariant system if a time delay or advance of the input signal
leads to an identical shift in the output signal. This implies that a time invariant system

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responds identically no matter when the input signal is applied. It also

satisfies the condition R{x (n-k)} = y (n-k).
9. What do you mean by periodic and non-periodic signals?
A signal is said to be periodic if x (n + N) = x (n), Where N is the time period. A signal is
said to be non-periodic if x (n + N) = -x (n).
10. . Determine the convolution sum of two sequences x (n) = {3, 2, 1, 2} and h (n) = {1, 2,
1, 2}
11. Define time variant and time invariant system.
A system is called time invariant if its output, input characteristics does not change with
time. A system is called time variant if its input, output characteristics changes with time.
12. Define linear and non-linear system.
Linear system is one which satisfies superposition principle. Superposition principle: The
response of a system to a weighted sum of signals be equal to the corresponding weighted
sum of responses of system to each of individual input signal. i.e., T [a1x1(n)
+a2x2(n)]=a1T[x1(n)]+a2T[x2(n)] A system, which does not satisfy superposition
principle, is known as non-linear system.
13. Define causal and non-causal system. The system is said to be causal if the output of the
system at any time ‘n’ depends only on present and past inputs but does not depend on
the future inputs. e.g.:- y (n) =x (n)-x (n-1) A system is said to be non-causal if a system
does not satisfy the above definition.
14. What are the steps involved in calculating convolution sum?
The steps involved in calculating sum are
x Folding x Shifting x Multiplication x Summation
15. Define causal LTI system.
The LTI system is said to be causal if h (n) = 0 for n < 0
16. Define stable LTI system.
The LTI system is said to be stable if its impulse response is absolutely summable.
17. What are the properties of convolution sum?

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The properties of convolution sum are

x Commutative property
The commutative law can be expressed as x (n) * h (n)=h (n) * x (n)
x Associative law
The associative law can be expressed as [x (n) * h1 (n)] * h2 (n) = x (n) [h1 (n) * h2 (n)]
Where x (n) – input, h1 (n), h2 (n) - impulse response
x Distributive law
The distributive law can be expressed as x (n) * [h1 (n) + h2 (n)] = x (n) * h1 (n) + x (n)
* h2 (n)
LONG QUESTION
1. Explain in detail about the classification of discrete time systems
2.
A. Describe the different types of discrete time signal representation.
B. Define energy and power signals.
C. Determine whether a discrete time unit step signal x(n) = u(n) is an energy signal or a
power signal.
3.
A. Give the various representation of the given discrete time signal x(n) = {-1,2,1,-2,3} in
Graphical, Tabular, Sequence, Functional and Shifted functional.
B. Give the classification of signals and explain it.
4.
A. Draw and explain the following sequences: i) Unit sample sequence ii) Unit step
sequence iii) Unit ramp sequence iv) Sinusoidal sequence and v) Real exponential
sequence
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B. Determine if the system described by the following equations are

causal or noncausal i) y (n) = x(n) + (1 / (x(n-1)) ii) y(n) = x(n2 )
5. Determine the values of power and energy of the following signals. Find whether the
signals are power, energy or neither energy nor power signals
i. x(n) = (1/3)n u(n)

ii. x(n) = e j((π/2)n + (π/4)
iii. x(n) = sin (π/4)n
6.
i. Determine if the following systems are time-invariant or time-variant i) y(n) = x(n) +
x(n-1) ii) y(n) = x(-n)
ii. Determine if the system described by the following input-output equations are linear
or non-linear. i) y(n) = x(n) + (1 / (x(n-1)) ii) y(n) = x2 (n) iii) y(n) = nx(n)
7. Test if the following systems are stable or not.
i) y(n) = cos x(n)
ii) y(n) = ax(n)
8.
i. Explain the principle of operation of analog to digital conversion with a neat
diagram.
ii. Explain the significance of Nyquist rate and aliasing during the sampling of
continuous time signals.
9. List the merits and demerits of Digital signal processing.
10. Write short notes about the applications of DSP.
11. Find the convolution of the following sequences
i) x(n)=u(n) h(n)=u(n-3)
ii) ii) x(n)={1,2,-1,1} h(n)={1,0,1,1}
12. Determine the convolution sum of two sequences x(n) = {3,2,1,2}, h(n) = {1,2,1,2}
13. Find the convolution of the signals
x(n) = 1 n = -2,0,1 = 2 n = -1 = 0 elsewhere h(n) = δ(n)-δ(n1)+ δ(n-2)- δ(n-3)
14. Difference between recursive and non recursive system.
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15. Proof that Autocorrelation at zero lag has maximum value and it represents
the energy of the signal.

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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONIS & COMMUNICATION

Department Of Electronics & Communication Engineering (NBA Accredited) Page

(a) u(n) + u(n – 1)

Department Of Electronics & Communication Engineering (NBA Accredited) Page

Answer : (c) E = finite, P = 0

(c) P = finite, E = finite

Answer : (b) P = finite, E =

7. A system whose output depends on future inputs is a

(a) static system

9. y(n) = x(n + 2) is for a

Department Of Electronics & Communication Engineering (NBA Accredited) Page

(a) dynamic system

Department Of Electronics & Communication Engineering (NBA Accredited) Page

18. The auto-correlation of a rectangular pulse is

20. Signal which is function of single independent variable is called

Department Of Electronics & Communication Engineering (NBA Accredited) Page

2. Give the classification of signals?

Department Of Electronics & Communication Engineering (NBA Accredited) Page

4. What are even and odd signals?

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responds identically no matter when the input signal is applied. It also

Department Of Electronics & Communication Engineering (NBA Accredited) Page

The properties of convolution sum are

B. Determine if the system described by the following equations are

i. x(n) = (1/3)n u(n)

Department Of Electronics & Communication Engineering (NBA Accredited) Page

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