CHEMISTRY PRACTICAL EXAMINATION-2023-24

VOLUMETRIC ANALYSIS - (MAX.MARK-10)

AIM :(i)Prepare M/20solution of ferrous ammonium sulphate (MOHRS SALT) (ii)Using this
solution find out the molarity and the strength of potassium permanganate (KMnO4) solution.

THEORY: 1.The reaction between KMnO4 and Mohr’s salt is a redox reaction and the
titration is therefore called a redox titration.

2.Mohr’s salt is the reducing agent and KMnO4 is the oxidizing agent.

3.KMnO4 acts as an oxidizing agent in all the mediums; i.e. acidic, basic and neutral medium.

4.KMnO4 acts as the strongest oxidizing agent in the acidic medium and therefore dil. H2SO4
is added to the conical flask before starting the titration.

IONIC EQUATIONS INVOLVED:

Reduction Half: MnO4- + 8H+ + 5e- → Mn2+ + 4H2O

Oxidation Half: 5Fe2+ → 5Fe3+ + 5e-

Overall Equation: MnO4- + 8H+ + 5Fe2+ → Mn2+ + 5Fe3+ + 4H2O

INDICATOR: KMnO4 acts as a self indicator.

END POINT: Colourless to light pink (KMnO4 in the burette)

PROCEDURE:

1. Prepare 100ml of M/20Mohrs salt solution by dissolving 1.96g of Mohrs salt solution.
Rinse the pipette with the M/20 Mohrs salt solution and pipette out 10ml of it in a washed
titration flask .

2. Rinse and fill the burette with the potassium permanganate solution

3. Add 10ml of dilute sulphuric acid to the solution in titration flask.

4. Note the initial reading of the burette and add potassium permanganate solution from the
burette till a permanent pale pink colour is imparted to the solution in the titration flask on
addition of last single drop of the solution.

5. Note the final reading of the burette and repeat the above steps 3 times to get concordant
readings.

OBSERVATIONS:

PREPARATION OF 100ml of M/20solution of Mohrs salt

Molecular mass MOHRS SALT (FeSO4.(NH4)2 SO4.6H2O) =392g

Hence for preparing 1000ml of 1M Mohrs salt solution

Mohrs salt required=392g

For preparing 100ml of M/20 MOHRS salt solution, Mohrs salt required=392/1000 x 100 x
1/20 =1.96g

CALCULATIONS:

S.NO INITIAL FINAL VOLUME OF THE POTASSIUM

READING READING PERMANGANATE SOLUTION
(ml) (ml) (ml)
1 0 10 10
2 10 20 10
3 20 30 10

Molarity of the potassium permanganate solution

From the overall chemically balanced equation, it is clear that 2 moles of potassium
permanganate reacts with 10 moles of Mohrs salt

MKMnO4 X V KMnO4 = 2/10

M Mohrs salt X V Mohrs salt

M KMnO4 = Molarity of potassium permanganate solution= x

V KMnO4 = Volume of potassium permanganate solution =10ml

M Mohrs salt = Molarity of Mohrs salt solution =1/20

V Mohrs salt =Volume of Mohrs salt solution = 10ml

Molarity of potassium permanganate solution= x = 1/ 100=0.01

Strength of the potassium permanganate solution = Molarity X Molar mass

Result : (i)Molarity of the potassium permanganate solution=

0.01mol / Litre

(ii) Strength of the potassium permanganate solution= 1.58 g / Litre

 Test for the Functional Groups present in Organic Compounds(6marks)

EXPERIMENT OBSERVATIO INFERENCE

N

BAEYERS TEST

Add drop wise acetone solution of KMnO4 to the examined Purple or Pink Unsaturation absent
sample colour of KMnO4
turns colourless

SODIUM HYDROGEN CARBONATE TEST

Add NaHCO3 to the examined solution. Brisk Presence of –COOH group

effervescence
due to evolution (CARBOXYLIC GROUP
of CO2 gas PRESENT)

ESTER TEST

To the solution add ethanoic acid solution and a few drops of Pleasant fruity Presence of –COOH group
Conc.H2SO4 and warm the contents odour
(CARBOXYLIC GROUP
PRSENT)

AZODYE TEST

To the solution add about 2ml of solution dil HCl and 2- Orange red Presence of
naphthol in sodium hydroxide and sodium nitrite solution azodye formed in
ice cold –NH2group(AMINO GROUP
condition. PRESENT)

RESULT: The given organic compound contains 1.Sample-C – CARBOXYLIC ACID and
2. Sample- D – AMINE
 SALT ANALYSIS-5 –AMMONIUM SULPHATE

AIM: ANALYSE THE GIVEN SALT FOR ACIDIC(ANION)AND BASIC (CATION) RADICALS

Experiment Observation Inference

PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION
COLOUR White Absence of CU2+, Ni2+,Fe2+,Fe3+,Co2+and Mn2+

ODOUR Ammonical odour observed Presence of NH4+

SOLUBILITY SOLUBLE
FLAME TEST: A paste of the salt made with
Conc. HCl and introduced to a non-luminous No Characteristic flame Absence of Cu2+ , Ca2+, Ba2+, Sr2+
flame observed

ASH TEST: To a few drops of salt solution

added one or two drops of dil. Cobalt nitrate
solution and boil for few minutes .Dip the No characteristic Ash obtained Absence of NH4+
filter paper and burn it to ash

INDENTIFICATION OF ANIONOR ACIDIC

RADICALS
DIL.SULPHURIC ACID: To the given salt added
dil.sulphuric acid No characteristic gas evolved Absence of CO32-,S2-,SO32-and NO2-

CONC.SULPHURIC ACID: To a pinch of the No Characteristic gas evolved Absence of Cl-

given salt added a few drops of Br- I- NO3- AND CH3COO-
conc.sulphuric acid

MnO2 TEST: Heated a pinch of the salt with No characteristic gas evolved Absence of Cl-
MnO2 and Conc.H2SO4 Br- AND I-

BARIUM CHLORIDE TEST:

To the given salt solution added dil.HCl and White precipitate obtained
BaCl2 solution insoluble in mineral acids Presence of SO42-

AMMONIUM MOLYBDATE TEST:To the given

salt solution added Conc.nitric acid and Absence of PO43-
ammonium molybdate solution No characteristic precipitate
obtained
CONFIRMATORY TESTS FOR ANIONS CONFIRMATION OF SULPHATE
ION
LEAD ACETATE TEST: To the given salt White precipitate soluble in hot PRESENCE OF SULPHATE ION
solution added acetic acid and Lead acetate ammonium acetate solution CONFIRMEDSO42-
solution

To the salt solution added dilute hydrochloric No characteristic precipitate Group I ABSENT(Pb2+)
acid obtained

Passed H2S gas to the above solution No characteristic precipitate GROUP II ABSENT(Cu2+,Cd2+)
obtained
Added sold ammonium chloride and No characteristic precipitate GROUP III ABSENT(Al3+,Fe2+,Fe3+)
ammonium hydroxide solution obtained

If group III absent divide the above solution

into three equal parts

To the first part passed H2S gas No characteristic precipitate GROUP IV ABSENT(Ni2+,Co2+,Mn2+Zn2+)
obtained
To the second part added ammonium No characteristic precipitate GROUP V ABSENT(Ba2+,Ca2+,Sr2+)
hydroxide followed by ammonium carbonate obtained

To the third part added disodium hydrogen White precipitate obtained GROUP VI PRESENT(Mg2+)
phosphate

To the third part added disodium hydrogen No characteristic precipitate GROUP VI ABSENT(Mg2+)
phosphate obtained

To the solid salt added sodium hydroxide and Colourless gas with smell of GROUP VI PRESENT(NH4+)
warm ammonia which turns dense
white when a glass rod dipped
in dil.hydrochloric acid
CONFIRMATION OF ZERO GROUP
CONFIRMATION OF AMMONIUM ION: Brown precipitate obtained Presence of AMMONIUM IONCONFIRMED
NESSLERS REAGENT TEST: Added Nesslers
reagent to the given salt solution

RESULT-

ANION-SULPHATE ION

CATION-AMMONIUM ION

SALT-AMMONIUM SULPHATE