Mass Wieght and Density

MASS, WEIGHT AND
DENSITY
MASS
➢ Mass is a measure of substance in a body.
➢ SI unit of mass is Kilogram (kg) and other units
are gram (g), milligram (mg) and tonne.
➢ Mass can be measured using beam balance and
electronic balance.
➢ Mass of the body will remain same
everywhere.
➢ Mass of a body resists to change from its state

of rest or motion, this is called inertia.
➢ A body is resists to change its motion due to

inertia. Greater the mass greater inertia. So
that’s why the heavier objects are difficult stop
when it is in motion.
WEIGHT
➢ Weight of a body is attractive force exert on it
due to gravity.
➢ SI unit of weight is newton (N).
➢ Weight of an object can be measured by using
spring balance (newton meter).
➢ Weight of a body varies in different places. It

depends on gravitational field strength.
Gravitational field
➢ Gravitational field is a region in which a mass
experiences a force due to gravitational attraction.
➢ Gravitational field on the surface of the Earth is

10N/kg. This means that a gravitational force of 10N
is exerted on an object of mass 1kg. Near to the
surface of the moon is 1.6 N/kg.
Relationship between mass, weight and

gravitational field
Weight = mass × gravitational field strength.
w = mg
Example Question 1
The mass of an object on the Earth is 25Kg. Calculate the
weight of the object?
Ans: w = mg
= 25 × 10 = 250N
Example Question 2
On the Earth, the gravitational field strength is 10 N/kg.
On the Moon, the gravitational field strength is 1.6 N/kg.
If an object has a weight of 50 N on Earth, what is its
weight on the Moon?
Ans: w = mg
m = w/g = 50/10 = 5kg
weight on the moon = mg = 5 × 1.6 =8N
What is Density?
If you take the same volume of different substances,
then they will weigh different amounts.
Wood Water Iron
1 cm3 1 cm3 1 cm3
0.50 g 1.00 g 8.00 g

IRON
Q) Which has the greatest mass and therefore the most dense?
Density is the Mass per unit Volume

Density Equation:
g or kg
Density = Mass
m
Volume
Unit of density: kg/m3 or g/cm3
cm3 or m3
 V
= m
If the different size of object has
same density means all the
V objects is made up of same
material.
Example questions:
Q1. Mass of aluminium block is 27g and volume of it is 10cm3
Calculate the density of the block.
 = m = 27 = 2.7 g/cm3
V 10
Q2. What is the mass of the air in a room measuring 5m × 2m
× 3m? Density of the air is 1.3 kg/m3
 = m , m=  × V = 1.3 × 30 = 39 kg
V
Q3. Mass of the glass block is 125g. Density of the glass block is
2.5 g/cm3. Calculate the volume of the block.
 = m, V = m = 125 = 50 cm3
V  2.5
DENSITY OF A REGULAR SOLID
m = 240 g
◼ Find the Mass of
the solid on a
2.0 cm balance.
◼ Measure the
length, breath
 = m = 240 =10.0 g/cm3 and height and
3.0 cm
V 24 calculate the
Volume.
(ie V = l x b x h )
◼ Calculate the
4.0 cm
Density.
DENSITY g/cm3
Aluminium 2.70
Iron 7.86
Brass 8.50
Wood 0.50
Slate 2.80
Glass 2.50
Lead 11.3
Marble 2.70
Wax 0.89
DENSITY OF AN IRREGULAR SOLID
◼ Find the Mass of the irregular
solid by using electronic
m = 360 g balance.
◼Add the known volume of
water into the measuring
cylinder and this initial volume.
◼ Put the irregular solid into
80 cm3 measuring cylinder. Measure the

volume of water and this final
volume.
50 cm3 ◼ Find the volume of the solid by
subtracting initial volume of the
water from final volume of the
water. (80 − 50 = 30 cm3 )
 = m = 360 =12 g/cm3 ◼ Calculate the density of the
V 30 solid using the formula:  = m
V
Example question:1
A lump of metal has a mass of 210 g. It is lowered into a
measuring cylinder containing water. The level of the water
rises from 35 cm3 to 140 cm3. What is the density of the
metal?
Example question:2
A measuring cylinder contains 118 cm3 of water. When a small
object is fully immersed in the
water, the reading goes up to 132 cm3. The object has a mass
of 42 g. What is the density of the object?
DENSITY OF AN IRREGULAR
SOLID
◼ OR use a Eureka Can to find the Volume.
◼ Find the mass of the solid on
m = 440 g
a balance.
◼Add water until just
overflowing.
◼ Place a Measuring Cylinder
under the spout.
◼ Add the Object.
40.0 cm3
◼ Collect the Water and read off
the Volume.
 = m = 440 =11.0 g/cm3
V 40 ◼Calculate Density
DENSITY g/cm3
Aluminium 2.70
Iron 7.86
Brass 8.50
Wood 0.50
Slate 2.90
Glass 2.50
Mass of Liquid = Mass of Measuring Cylinder and Liquid – Mass of
DENSITY OFempty
A LIQUID
Measuring Cylinder
◼ Find the Mass of an empty

Measuring Cylinder.
◼ Add a certain Volume of
25.0 g
45.0
Liquid.
◼ Find the Mass of the
Measuring Cylinder and Liquid
20.0 cm3
◼ Calculate the Mass of Liquid.
◼ How?
◼ Calculate Density of Liquid.
45 – 25 = 20 g
 = m = 20 =1.00 g/cm3
V 20
Liquid Mass of Mass of Mass of Volume Density
empty Measuring Liquid in cm3 in g/cm3
Measuring Cylinder in g
Cylinder and Liquid
in g in g
DENSITY OF A GAS
◼ Remove the air from
To vacuum flask a flask of a known
Volume, using a
vacuum pump.
◼ Find its Mass.
150.0
170.0gg
◼ Add the gas to be
1000 cm3 tested.
◼ Reweigh.
170 -150 = 20.0g ◼ The difference is the
Mass of gas.
 = m = 20 =0.0200 g/cm3 ◼ Calculate Density.
V 1000

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MASS, WEIGHT AND

➢ Mass of a body resists to change from its state

➢ A body is resists to change its motion due to

➢ Weight of a body varies in different places. It

➢ Gravitational field on the surface of the Earth is

Relationship between mass, weight and

1 cm3 1 cm3 1 cm3

0.50 g 1.00 g 8.00 g

Density is the Mass per unit Volume

80 cm3 measuring cylinder. Measure the

◼ Find the Mass of an empty

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