Mass, Weight and Density

MASS, WEIGHT AND
DENSITY
MASS
Mass is a measure of substance in a
body.
SI unit of mass is Kilogram (kg) and
other units are gram (g), milligram
(mg) and tonne.
Mass can be measured using beam
balance and electronic balance.
Mass of the body will remain same
everywhere.
Mass of a body resists to change from its

state of rest or motion, this is called
inertia.
A body is resists to change its motion

due to inertia. Greater the mass greater
inertia. So that’s why the heavier objects
are difficult stop when it is in motion.
WEIGHT
Weight of a body is attractive force
exert on it due to gravity.
SI unit of weight is newton (N).
Weight of an object can be measured by
using spring balance (newton meter).
Weight of a body varies in different

places. It depends on gravitational field
Gravitational field
Gravitational field is a region in which a mass
experiences a force due to gravitational
attraction.
Gravitational field on the surface of the Earth

is 10N/kg. This means that a gravitational
force of 10N is exerted on an object of mass
1kg. Near to the surface of the moon is 1.6
Relationship
N/kg. between mass, weight and
gravitational field
Weight = mass × gravitational field strength.
w = mg
Example Question 1
The mass of an object on the Earth is 25Kg.
Calculate the weight of the object?
Ans: w = mg
= 25 × 10 = 250N
Example Question 2
On the Earth, the gravitational field strength is 10
N/kg. On the Moon, the gravitational field strength is
1.6 N/kg.
If an object has a weight of 50 N on Earth, what is its
weight on the Moon?
Ans: w = mg
m = w/g = 50/10 = 5kg
weight on the moon = mg = 5 × 1.6 =8N
What is Density?
If you take the same volume of different substances,
then they will weigh different amounts.
Wood Water Iron
1 cm3 1 cm3 1 cm3
0.50 g 1.00 g 8.00 g

IRON
Q) Which has the greatest mass and therefore the most dense?
Density is the Mass per unit Volume

Density Equation:
g or kg
Density = Mass
m
Volume
Unit of density: kg/m3 or g/cm3
cm3 or m3
ρ V
ρ= m
If the different size of object has
V same density means all the objects
is made up of same material.
Example questions:
Q1. Mass of aluminium block is 27g and volume of it is 10cm 3
Calculate the density of the block.
ρ = m = 27 = 2.7 g/cm3
V 10
Q2. What is the mass of the air in a room measuring 5m × 2m
× 3m? Density of the air is 1.3 kg/m3
ρ = m , m= ρ × V = 1.3 × 30 = 39 kg
V
Q3. Mass of the glass block is 125g. Density of the glass block is
2.5 g/cm3. Calculate the volume of the block.
ρ = m, V = m = 125 = 50 cm3
V ρ 2.5
DENSITY OF A REGULAR SOLID
m = 240 g
■ Find the Mass of
the solid on a
2.0 cm balance.
■ Measure the
length, breath
ρ = m = 240 =10.0 g/cm3 and height and
3.0 cm
V 24 calculate the
Volume.
(ie V = l x b x h )
■ Calculate the
4.0 cm
Density.
DENSITY g/cm3
Aluminium 2.70
Iron 7.86
Brass 8.50
Wood 0.50
Slate 2.80
Glass 2.50
Lead 11.3
Marble 2.70
Wax 0.89
DENSITY OF AN IRREGULAR SOLID
Find the Mass of the irregular
■
solid by using electronic balance.
m = 360 g ■Add the known volume of water
into the measuring cylinder and
this initial volume.
■ Put the irregular solid into
measuring cylinder. Measure the
80 cm3 volume of water and this final
volume.
■ Find the volume of the solid by
50 cm3 subtracting initial volume of the
water from final volume of the
water. (80 − 50 = 30 cm3 )
3 ■ Calculate the density of the
ρ = m = 360 =12 g/cm solid using the formula: ρ = m
V 30 V
Example question:1
A lump of metal has a mass of 210 g. It is lowered into a
measuring cylinder containing water. The level of the water
rises from 35 cm3 to 140 cm3. What is the density of the
metal?
Example question:2
A measuring cylinder contains 118 cm3 of water. When a small
object is fully immersed in the
water, the reading goes up to 132 cm3. The object has a mass
of 42 g. What is the density of the object?
DENSITY OF AN IRREGULAR
SOLID
■ OR use a Eureka Can to find the Volume.
■ Find the mass of the solid on a
m = 440 g
balance.
■Add water until just overflowing.
■ Place a Measuring Cylinder

under the spout.
■ Add the Object.
■ Collect the Water and read off

40.0 cm3
the Volume.
■Calculate Density
ρ = m = 440 =11.0 g/cm3
V 40
DENSITY g/cm3
Aluminium 2.70
Iron 7.86
Brass 8.50
Wood 0.50
Slate 2.90
Glass 2.50
Mass of Liquid = Mass of Measuring Cylinder and Liquid – Mass of
DENSITY OFempty
A LIQUID
Measuring Cylinder
■ Find the Mass of an empty

Measuring Cylinder.
■ Add a certain Volume of
25.0 g
45.0
Liquid.
■ Find the Mass of the
Measuring Cylinder and Liquid
20.0 cm3
■ Calculate the Mass of Liquid.
■ How?
■ Calculate Density of Liquid.
45 – 25 = 20 g
ρ = m = 20 =1.00 g/cm3
V 20
Liquid Mass of Mass of Mass of Volume Density
empty Measuring Liquid in cm3 in g/cm3
Measuring Cylinder in g
Cylinder and Liquid
in g in g
DENSITY OF A GAS
■ Remove the air from
To vacuum flask a flask of a known
Volume, using a
vacuum pump.
■ Find its Mass.
150.0
170.0gg ■ Add the gas to be
1000 cm3 tested.
■ Reweigh.
170 -150 = 20.0g ■ The difference is the
Mass of gas.
ρ = m = 20 =0.0200 g/cm3 ■ Calculate Density.
V 1000

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Mass, Weight and Density

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MASS, WEIGHT AND

Mass of a body resists to change from its

A body is resists to change its motion

Weight of a body varies in different

Gravitational field on the surface of the Earth

1 cm3 1 cm3 1 cm3

0.50 g 1.00 g 8.00 g

Density is the Mass per unit Volume

■ Place a Measuring Cylinder

■ Collect the Water and read off

■ Find the Mass of an empty

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