The document outlines the essential components and structure of a research report, emphasizing the need to clearly present the research problem, methodology, results, and conclusions. It details the format including sections such as the title page, abstract, introduction, literature review, methodology, results and discussion, conclusion, references, appendices, and curriculum vitae. Key principles of report writing highlighted include neatness, clarity, and precision to ensure effective communication of research findings.
The document outlines the essential components and structure of a research report, emphasizing the need to clearly present the research problem, methodology, results, and conclusions. It details the format including sections such as the title page, abstract, introduction, literature review, methodology, results and discussion, conclusion, references, appendices, and curriculum vitae. Key principles of report writing highlighted include neatness, clarity, and precision to ensure effective communication of research findings.
The document outlines the essential components and structure of a research report, emphasizing the need to clearly present the research problem, methodology, results, and conclusions. It details the format including sections such as the title page, abstract, introduction, literature review, methodology, results and discussion, conclusion, references, appendices, and curriculum vitae. Key principles of report writing highlighted include neatness, clarity, and precision to ensure effective communication of research findings.
The document outlines the essential components and structure of a research report, emphasizing the need to clearly present the research problem, methodology, results, and conclusions. It details the format including sections such as the title page, abstract, introduction, literature review, methodology, results and discussion, conclusion, references, appendices, and curriculum vitae. Key principles of report writing highlighted include neatness, clarity, and precision to ensure effective communication of research findings.
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REPORTING AND SHARING FINDINGS
(Practical Quantitative Research Writing)
Planning a Research Report A research report has a relatively simple format. In general, it should achieve three (3) objectives: It should acquaint readers with the problem that has been researched and explain its implications adequately enough so that they have a clear orientation to the problem; It should present the data fully and adequately. The data within the report should substantiate all the interpretation and conclusion that the report contains; and It should interpret the data for the reader and demonstrate exactly how the data resolved the problem that has been researched. Format for the Research Report Title Page. This includes the title of your study, your name and the date, the title should accurately reflect the nature of your study and should be brief and direct to the point. Approval Sheet. This includes the endorsement of the research adviser, research title, name of the researcher/s, signature of the research adviser. On the same sheet, the names and signature of the chairman and panel members are reflected in the approved portion, as well as the acceptance of the head of the department and date of oral defense. Acknowledgement. You may wish to acknowledge the help given to you in the preparation of your report. If so, acknowledge generally. Abstract. Generally, most scientific journals, researches contain abstracts. An abstract is a summary of the study that allows the reader to learn enough to decide whether to read the whole thing. In an abstract, the first sentence should be catchy introduction followed by clear statement of the problem that was investigated in the study. The research methodology and sampling techniques are then indicated. A brief summary of findings and conclusion completes the abstract. Keywords are also required (at least 5). it includes the area of research, concepts being studied, methods used, geography and country. Introduction and Problem Statement The first part of the body of the report states the research problem and its importance. This includes a brief literature review or the history of the problem in previous research and theory. The objectives of the study, research questions a hypothesis all constitute part of the study. A guide should explain the research problem in few sentences, state the aims/objectives/hypotheses, and provide any background to the study. Draw attention to any limitation the study might have at this stage. This portion also accommodates the significance of the study and definition of terms. Review of Literature this part of the research provides the context and background of the study. Selection has to be made and only books and journals articles which directly relate to the topic should be used. You should be able to select material which is related to your study, group the information into categories, comment on features which are of particular importance and also compare the results of different investigations.
Methodology The methodology section describes the sample that was studied and the research techniques employed. It also shows how concepts are operationalized and what measurement devices such as scales, choice of variables and controls. This section is very important because it provides the basis for any future replication efforts, so such section must be written with sufficient details. Results and Discussion This is the heart of the report and will consist of tables, figures and text, depending on the nature of the research. Tables, charts and other figures should illustrate and illuminate the text. The text should be written after the results are prepared and should not duplicate the information in the tables, but should highlight significant aspects of the findings. You should ensure that all relevant facts are presented in a way that draws the reader’s attention to what most important. It is often advisable to start this section with a restatement of the problem before discussing hoe the result affects existing knowledge of the subject. If your research aimed at certain hypotheses then, this section demonstrates whether they were or were not supported by the evidence. Any deficiencies in the research design should be mentioned, with suggestion about different approaches which might have been more appropriate. Implications for improvement of practice, if any, should be stated under this section. Conclusion The main issues arising from the analysis and discussion should be summarized clearly in this section. Only conclusion that can be justifiably drawn from findings should be made. References All the materials referred to in the text and only those listed alphabetically in the reference section of the manuscript should be written. Some examples are shown below: Books: Figuerres, N.(2013). Measurement and Evaluation for Education Students. Great Books Publishing Company, Manila, Philippines. Web Source: Madriaga, E.M (2015). The Role of Research in the Development of Society. Retrieved February 28, 2015, from http://www.apastyle.org/elecref.html. Journals: Matriano, E.A. (2010). think and Do Activity-Based Science for Schools. Journals of the Science Teachers Association, 80, pp.1-10. Thesis: Bueno, D.C. (2014). Problems Encountered by Students in Secondary Mathematics. Unpublished Thesis, Columban College, Inc. Olongapo City. Appendices It should include original data, lengthy quotations or description, and other relevant information that are not readily available to the reader, for examples, request letters, questionnaires, computer printouts, forms and documents. Each appendix should be identified using an alphabet, for example, Appendix A, Appendix B and so on. Some things which are typically included in appendices are important and original computer programs, data files that are too large to be represented simply in the results chapter. Note: the following materials are appropriate for an appendix. Verbatim instructions to participants Original scales or questionnaires Interview protocols Sample of informed consent forms Cover letters sent to appropriate stakeholders Official letters of permission to conduct research Curriculum Vitae This section gives the biographical information of the researcher. It may include all the necessary information about the researcher/author. Principles of Report Writing 1. Neatness and Clarity Your report should be clean and clear. Each sub-problem should be a clear stepping stone in the resolution of the main problem. Your page should be easy to read, double-spaced lines and clear crisp letters, placed attractively on the page. 2. Precision There should be no room for guessing or for ambiguous of foggy terms. Your document should be clear-cut and present its information plainly.
