The document provides an introduction to CSV files, explaining their structure and how to manipulate them using Python's built-in csv module. It covers opening, closing, writing, and reading CSV files, including methods for writing single and multiple rows, as well as skipping header rows. Additionally, it includes example code and key points to remember when working with CSV files.
The document provides an introduction to CSV files, explaining their structure and how to manipulate them using Python's built-in csv module. It covers opening, closing, writing, and reading CSV files, including methods for writing single and multiple rows, as well as skipping header rows. Additionally, it includes example code and key points to remember when working with CSV files.
The document provides an introduction to CSV files, explaining their structure and how to manipulate them using Python's built-in csv module. It covers opening, closing, writing, and reading CSV files, including methods for writing single and multiple rows, as well as skipping header rows. Additionally, it includes example code and key points to remember when working with CSV files.
The document provides an introduction to CSV files, explaining their structure and how to manipulate them using Python's built-in csv module. It covers opening, closing, writing, and reading CSV files, including methods for writing single and multiple rows, as well as skipping header rows. Additionally, it includes example code and key points to remember when working with CSV files.
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1.
Introduction to CSV Files
CSV (Comma-Separated Values) is a simple file format used to store tabular data such as a spreadsheet or database. Each line in a CSV file corresponds to a row, and each field in the row is separated by a comma. CSV files can be opened with text editors like Notepad or spreadsheet applications like Microsoft Excel.
2. Importing the csv Module
Python provides a built-in module called csv to handle CSV file operations. Before using any functionality, you must import the module:
python Copy code import csv
3. Opening and Closing a CSV File
To read from or write to a CSV file, you need to first open the file and later close it. Python provides two modes for opening files:
Read Mode (r): To read data from the CSV file.
Write Mode (w): To write data into the CSV file.
The open() function is used to open the file, and it is always good practice to close the file after the operation:
Note: When reading or writing CSV files, it is recommended to use the with statement, which automatically closes the file after the block of code is executed.
4. Writing into a CSV File
Python’s csv module provides several methods for writing data to CSV files.
a. Using csv.writer()
csv.writer() creates a writer object which converts user data into delimited strings and writes them into the file. python Copy code with open('students.csv', 'w', newline='') as file: writer = csv.writer(file)
b. Writing a Single Row: writerow()
This method writes a single row (list of values) to the CSV file.
python Copy code with open('students.csv', 'w', newline='') as file: writer = csv.writer(file) writer.writerow(['Name', 'Age', 'Grade']) # Writing header row writer.writerow(['John', 18, 'A']) # Writing data row
c. Writing Multiple Rows: writerows()
This method writes multiple rows at once, taking a list of lists as input.
Python provides the csv.reader() method to read from CSV files. This reads the contents line by line and returns a list for each row.
a. Using csv.reader()
csv.reader() returns an iterable object that can be used to iterate through the CSV file’s rows.
python Copy code with open('students.csv', 'r') as file: reader = csv.reader(file) for row in reader: print(row) # Each row is a list of values
b. Skipping Header Row
Often, the first row in a CSV file is the header (column names). To skip it, you can use the next() function.
python Copy code with open('students.csv', 'r') as file: reader = csv.reader(file) next(reader) # Skipping the header row for row in reader: print(row)
6. Example: Writing and Reading a CSV File
Below is an example that demonstrates how to write and read data from a CSV file:
with open('students.csv', 'r') as file: reader = csv.reader(file) next(reader) # Skipping the header row for row in reader: print(row)
7. Key Points to Remember
Delimiter: The default delimiter in CSV is a comma (,), but you can specify other delimiters like semicolons (;) or tabs (\t) using the delimiter parameter in csv.writer() or csv.reader(). newline='': While writing to a CSV file, the newline='' argument in open() ensures no blank lines are written between rows in certain environments.
8. Activity Questions
1. Write a Python program to create a CSV file named employees.csv and store employee details (name, age, department) in it. 2. Write a program to read the employees.csv file and display only the employees whose age is greater than 25. 3. Modify the above program to skip the header row when displaying employee details.
