Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 201 views

    Silicon and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Aerobic Rice: University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, INDIA

    Uploaded by

    shivakumar N
    Rice is a staple food in India, occupying 44.7 million hectares and accounting for over 40% of food production. However, rice yields are declining in some areas due to imbalanced fertilizer use and soil degradation. Silicon is an important nutrient for rice that can increase yields but soils are often deficient due to factors like continuous cropping without straw incorporation. The study evaluated the effects of nitrogen and calcium silicate on grain, straw and chaff yields of aerobic rice. It found that yields were highest with combined applications of nitrogen and calcium silicate compared to nitrogen alone, demonstrating the benefits of balanced silicon and nitrogen management for aerobic rice.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Silicon and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Aerobic Rice: University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, INDIA

    Uploaded by

    shivakumar N
    201 views11 pages
    Rice is a staple food in India, occupying 44.7 million hectares and accounting for over 40% of food production. However, rice yields are declining in some areas due to imbalanced fertilizer use and soil degradation. Silicon is an important nutrient for rice that can increase yields but soils are often deficient due to factors like continuous cropping without straw incorporation. The study evaluated the effects of nitrogen and calcium silicate on grain, straw and chaff yields of aerobic rice. It found that yields were highest with combined applications of nitrogen and calcium silicate compared to nitrogen alone, demonstrating the benefits of balanced silicon and nitrogen management for aerobic rice.

    Original Title

    Bejing

    Copyright

    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

    Available Formats

    PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Rice is a staple food in India, occupying 44.7 million hectares and accounting for over 40% of food production. However, rice yields are declining in some areas due to imbalanced fertilizer use and soil degradation. Silicon is an important nutrient for rice that can increase yields but soils are often deficient due to factors like continuous cropping without straw incorporation. The study evaluated the effects of nitrogen and calcium silicate on grain, straw and chaff yields of aerobic rice. It found that yields were highest with combined applications of nitrogen and calcium silicate compared to nitrogen alone, demonstrating the benefits of balanced silicon and nitrogen management for aerobic rice.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    201 views11 pages

    Silicon and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Aerobic Rice: University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, INDIA

    Uploaded by

    shivakumar N
    Rice is a staple food in India, occupying 44.7 million hectares and accounting for over 40% of food production. However, rice yields are declining in some areas due to imbalanced fertilizer use and soil degradation. Silicon is an important nutrient for rice that can increase yields but soils are often deficient due to factors like continuous cropping without straw incorporation. The study evaluated the effects of nitrogen and calcium silicate on grain, straw and chaff yields of aerobic rice. It found that yields were highest with combined applications of nitrogen and calcium silicate compared to nitrogen alone, demonstrating the benefits of balanced silicon and nitrogen management for aerobic rice.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 11

    Silicon and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Aerobic Rice

    Yogendra N.D University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, INDIA

    5th International Conference on Silicon in Agriculture,

    13th 18th September 2011, Bijing, China.

    INTRODUCTION
    Rice occupies a pivotal place in Indias national food and livelihood security system. Rice - 44.7 million hectares, and contributes>40% food production,

    of

    the

    total

    50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0

    1996-01

    2001-06

    2006-07

    1996-01
    100
    Production in MT

    2001-06

    2006-07

    Area in Mha

    50

    0 Rice 85 85.72 92.76

    Rice

    % Share of TFG 23.40% 23.10% 23.52%

    Wheat

    % Share of TFG 14.00% 14.10% 14.40%

    % Share of TFG 42.40% 42.50% 42.90%

    Wheat 70.61 69.73 74.89

    % Share of TFG 35.30% 34.60% 35.70%

    1996-01 2001-06 2006-07

    1996-01 2001-06 2006-07

    44.31 42.85 44.62

    26.67 26.2 28.03

    Rice and silicon


    Rice is a silicon accumulator plant Silicon (Si) is agronomically essential element (Ma et al., 2001) Quassi essential element (Epstein 2005) Four Si in Agriculture Conferences- Florida, Japan & Brazil South Africa Silicon nutrition in Indian rice farming has not received proper attention

    Rice yields in intensively cultivated areas are either decelerating/stagnating/declining in the post green revolution era

    Imbalance in fertilizer use Soil degradation Type of cropping system practiced Lack of suitable rice genotypesdisease and drought

    Reasons for Silicon deficiency: Old and degraded soils in temperate or subtropical climates.
    Organic soils with small mineral Si reserves Highly weathered and leached tropical soils in rainfed lowland

    and upland areas

    Growing

    rice crop continuously without fertilizers and rice straw to soil.

    addition

    of

    silicon

    Silicon management:
    1. Natural inputs : Irrigation water contains
    certain amount of silicon.

    2. Straw management

    : Incorporation of rice straw

    after the harvest of crop reduces Si deficiency in the long run.

    3. Fertilizer Management : Avoid applying excessive and


    unbalanced amounts of N fertilizer.

    4. Post harvest measures : Recycling of rice hulls/rice hull


    ash reduces the silicon deficiency to some extent.

    Nitrogen management:

    Physico-chemical properties of soil


    Parameter Kharif 08 Kharif 09

    pH (1:2.5 water)
    Organic Carbon(%) Available Phosphorus (kg ha-1) Available Potassium (kg ha-1) Available Silicon (kg ha-1) Exchangeable Calcium (meq 100g-1) Exchangeable Magnesium (meq 100g-1)

    Elemental composition of calcium silicate


    Composition Amount (%) 30.0 9.0 12.0

    Calcium Magnesium Silicon

    Manganese
    Aluminum Iron Sulfur Titanium Nickel Chromium Molybdenum Boron Copper

    1.0
    3.0 4.0 0.2 0.5 0.04 0.02 0.00 - 0.02 0.02 - 0.14 0.05 - 0.33

    Source: Excel Minerals, USA

    Treatment Details
    T1 : Control (-N, P & K) T2 : 60 kg N ha-1 (No basal LCC-3) T3 : 90 kg N ha-1 (Urea 30 kg N ha-1 as basal) T4 : 100 kg N ha-1 (RDF)

    T1 : Control (-N, P & K)


    T2 : 100 kg N ha-1 (RDF) T3 : T2 + CaSiO3 @ 2t ha-1

    T4 : T3 + Basal 30 kg N ha-1 (LCC-3)


    T5 : T4 + CaSiO3 @ 2t ha-1

    Effect of Si and N on grain, straw and chaffy grain yield of aerobic rice during Kharif 2008
    Treatments T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 Mean SEM Main (N) Sub (Si) Main (N) Sub (Si) Interaction N x Si
    T1: 0 kg N ha-1 (Control)

    Grain yield (kg ha-1) -Si 3234.8 4728.7 4904.4 4723.0 4686.3 4410.8 4448.0 +Si 3685.2 5591.5 5645.4 5326.9 5117.4 4519.7 4981.0 33.5 12.5 182.6 115.6 143.9 Mean 3460.0 5160.1 5274.9 5025.0 4901.9 4465.3

    Straw yield (kg ha-1) - Si 4756.1 5335.9 5547.2 6974.8 5114.7 6154.9 5647.3 + Si 5106.2 5822.1 5805.3 7075.8 5798.6 6212.0 5970.0 29.6 10.3 161.7 94.9 130.8 Mean 4681.1 5579.0 5676.2 7025.3 5456.6 6183.5

    Chaffy grain (kg ha-1) -Si 36.6 61.0 70.3 77.5 81.3 79.2 67.6 +Si 32.9 59.9 46.5 67.8 49.1 58. 0 52.5 0.7 0.4 4.4 4.3 5.0 Mean 34.7 60.5 58.4 72.7 65.2 68.9

    CD (5%)

    T2: 60 kg N ha-1 (No basal + LCC-3) T3: 90 kg N ha-1 (Urea at 30 kg N ha-1 + LCC-3) T4: 90 kg N ha-1 (DAP at 30 kg N ha-1 + LCC-3) T5: 90 kg N ha-1 (Ca (NO3)2 at 30 kg N ha-1 + LCC-3) T6: 100 kg N ha-1 as Urea (RDF)

    ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
    1. HARSCO INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED, HYDRABAD (A.P), INDIA.

    2.

    EXCEL MINERALS, USA

    You might also like