Wiktionary

D

See also: Appendix:Variations of "d"

D U+0044, D
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D
← C
[U+0043] 		Basic Latin E →
[U+0045]
Character variations

Ⅾ U+216E, Ⅾ
ROMAN NUMERAL FIVE HUNDRED
← Ⅽ
[U+216D] 		Number Forms Ⅿ →
[U+216F]
Ｄ U+FF24, Ｄ
FULLWIDTH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D
← Ｃ
[U+FF23] 		Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms Ｅ →
[U+FF25]
Languages (50)
Translingual • English
Afar • Afrikaans • Albanian • Angami • Azerbaijani • Basque • Central Franconian • Central Mazahua • Chinese • Czech • Dutch • Elfdalian • Esperanto • Estonian • Finnish • French • German • Heiltsuk • Hungarian • Icelandic • Ido • Indonesian • Irish • Italian • Kashubian • Latin • Latvian • Malay • Norwegian Bokmål • Nupe • Polish • Portuguese • Romani • Romanian • Saanich • Scottish Gaelic • Silesian • Skolt Sami • Slovene • Somali • Spanish • Swedish • Tagalog • Turkish • Vietnamese • Welsh • Yoruba • Zulu
Page categories

Translingual

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology 1

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From the Etruscan letter 𐌃 (d, “de”), from the Ancient Greek letter Δ (D, “delta”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤃 (d, “dalet”), from an uncertain origin, likely the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓉿.

Letter

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D (lower case d)

  1. The fourth letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.
See also
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Etymology 2

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A simplification of Ꟈ under the graphic influence of the letter D, from a standardization of Ɔ superposed on a ⋀ or ⊢, from the practice of circling each hundredth ⋀ (now Roman numeral V), the tally stick notch mark representing five.

Alternative forms

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Numeral

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D (upper case Roman numeral, lower case d)

  1. (Roman numerals) Five hundred (500).
  2. the five hundredth (500th)

Etymology 3

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  • (chemistry, deuterium): abbreviation of deuterium
  • (computing, hexadecimal 13): From its position as the thirteenth element of the series {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F}
  • (Germany): abbreviation of German word Deutschland (“Germany”)

Symbol

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D

  1. (chemistry) Deuterium, when it needs to be distinguished from ordinary hydrogen.
  2. (computing) Hexadecimal symbol for thirteen.
  3. A standard size of dry cell battery larger than C.
  4. Vehicle-distinguishing sign for Germany.
  5. (biochemistry) IUPAC one-letter abbreviation for aspartic acid.
  6. (mathematics) The differential operator in calculus and analysis.
  7. (linguistics) A wildcard for an alveolar consonant
  8. (finance) Long-term bond credit rating by Moody's Investors Service and S&P Global Ratings, indicating that a bond is in default, and the issuer is (or is about to become) bankrupt.
  9. (actuarial notation) arithmetically decreasing payments
  10. denier (unit)
  11. (clothing) Bra cup size.
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  • Letter styles
  •  
    Uppercase and lowercase versions of D, in normal and italic type
  •  
    Uppercase and lowercase D in Fraktur

See also

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Other representations of D:

English

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Etymology 1

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From Old English D, a 7th century replacement by Latin upper case letter D of the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᛞ (d, “daeg”).

Pronunciation

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  • (letter name): IPA(key): /diː/
  • Audio (UK):(file)
  • Rhymes: -iː
  • Phoneme: IPA(key): /d/

Letter

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D (upper case, lower case d, plural Ds or D's)

  1. The fourth letter of the English alphabet, called dee and written in the Latin script.
    • 1943 November – 1944 February (date written; published 1945 August 17), George Orwell [pseudonym; Eric Arthur Blair], Animal Farm […], London: Secker & Warburg, published May 1962, →OCLC:
      Boxer could not get beyond the letter D. He would trace out A, B, C, D, in the dust with his great hoof […]
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Number

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D (upper case, lower case d)

  1. The ordinal number fourth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called dee and written in the Latin script.

Etymology 2

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Abbreviations.

Noun

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D (countable and uncountable, plural Ds)

  1. Abbreviation of defense. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
  2. (US politics) Abbreviation of Democrat, especially preceding the constituent location.
    Antonym: R (“Republican”)
    D-New York
  3. (automotive) Abbreviation of drive, the setting of an automatic transmission.
  4. (printing) Abbreviation of duodecimo, as adopted by the American Library Association.
  5. (euphemistic, slang) Clipping of dick (“penis”).
    She wants the D!
  6. (electronics) Abbreviation of data.
  7. (Unicode) Canonical decomposition
    (Can we add an example for this sense?)
  8. (music) Abbreviation of Deutsch number in the Schubert Thematic Catalogue.
    Coordinate term: K (“Köchel number”)
    Symphony No. 4 Tragic D 417
  9. (stenoscript) Abbreviation of day.
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Derived terms

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Adverb

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D

  1. Abbreviation of down (direction).

Adjective

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D

  1. Abbreviation of divorced.

Proper noun

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D

  1. (with “The”) The City of Detroit.
  2. (religion) Abbreviation of Deuteronomist.

Interjection

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D

  1. (euphemistic) Damn.

References

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Etymology 3

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From the shape of the upper case letter "D".

Noun

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D (plural Ds)

  1. (snooker) The semicircle on the baulk line, inside which the cue ball must be placed at a break-off.
  2. (soccer) The penalty arc on a football pitch.
    • 2022 June 11, Ben Fisher, “Brennan Johnson’s late goal denies Belgium and extends the Wales party”, in The Guardian‎[1]:
      Johnson, a late substitute, applied the finishing touch but it was move kickstarted by the again-impressive Neco Williams, who skedaddled forward from halfway with the ball in tow before feeding Aaron Ramsey on the edge of the D.
  3. (field hockey) The penalty arc on a hockey field.

Etymology 4

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From the position (4) of the letter D in the English alphabet.

Noun

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D (plural Ds)

  2. (education, chiefly Canada, US) A grade awarded for a class, better than outright failure (which can be F or E depending on the institution) and worse than a C.

Proper noun

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D

  1. (computer languages) A programming language inspired from C++.

Afar

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Letter

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D

  1. The tenth letter of the Afar alphabet, written in the Latin script.

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Afrikaans

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Pronunciation

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  • (letter name): IPA(key): /dɪə/

Letter

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D (upper case, lower case d)

  1. The fourth letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.

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Noun

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D (plural D's, diminutive D'tjie)

  1. D

Albanian

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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D (D) (upper case D, lower case d)

  1. The 5th letter of the Standard Albanian Latin-script alphabet.
  2. The 7th letter of the Arvanitic Albanian Greek-script alphabet.

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Angami

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Letter

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D

  1. The twenty-fourth letter of the Angami alphabet, written in the Latin script.

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Azerbaijani

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Letter

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D upper case (lower case d)

  1. The fifth letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

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Basque

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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D (upper case, lower case d)

  1. The fourth letter of the Basque alphabet, called de and written in the Latin script.

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Central Franconian

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Etymology

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  • /d/ is from West Germanic *d and *þ, in Ripuarian and northernmost Moselle Franconian also from geminated *dd (but not *þþ).

Pronunciation

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Letter

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D

  1. A letter in the German-based alphabet of Central Franconian.
  2. A letter in the Dutch-based alphabet of Central Franconian.

Usage notes

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Doubling of D and use in the syllable coda
  • In the German-based spelling, d is doubled after short vowels except in certain function words and when the letter is followed by another consonant within the word stem. In the syllable coda, the choice between d and t may be based on internal analogy, but more often follows the German cognate.
  • In the Dutch-based spelling, d is doubled after short vowels if the syllable were otherwise open. In the syllable coda, internal analogy prevails.

Central Mazahua

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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D (lower case d)

  1. A letter of the Mazahua alphabet.

Chinese

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Etymology 1

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For pronunciation and definitions of D – see 啲 (“a few; a little bit; some; a bit; a bit more; etc.”).
(This character is a variant form of 啲).

Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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D

  1. (Internet slang) to DDOS

Etymology 3

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From English disco.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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D

  1. (Cantonese) disco

Derived terms

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Etymology 4

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From Japanese DD(ディーディー) (dīdī).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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D

  1. (Internet slang, neologism, ACG, often offensive) to like (a VTuber)
Derived terms
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Etymology 5

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Cantonese dok1
Spelling pronunciation in Hong Kong, derived from English dog.

Pronunciation 1

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Note: dok1 - Hong Kong.
Letter
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D

  1. The fourth letter of the Latin alphabet.

Pronunciation 2

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Letter
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D

  1. The fourth letter used in Pinyin.
Usage notes
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  • 《汉语拼音方案》 defines a standard pronunciation for each letter. However, these pronunciations are rarely used in education; another pronunciation is commonly used instead.
  • The pronunciation above are only used while referring to letters in Pinyin. They are not used in other context (such as English).

Czech

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Letter

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D

  1. The sixth letter of the Czech alphabet, written in the Latin script.

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Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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D (upper case, lower case d)

  1. The fourth letter of the Dutch alphabet, written in the Latin script.

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Elfdalian

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Alternative forms

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  • ᚦ, D (Dalecarlian runes)

Letter

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D (upper case D, lower case d)

  1. The fourth letter of the Elfdalian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Esperanto

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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D (upper case, lower case d)

  1. The fifth letter of the Esperanto alphabet, called do and written in the Latin script.

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Estonian

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Estonian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia et

Letter

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D (upper case, lower case d)

  1. The fourth letter of the Estonian alphabet, called dee and written in the Latin script.

See also

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Finnish

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Etymology

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The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on those of Swedish, German and Latin, and was first used in the mid-16th century. No earlier script is known. See the Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information, and D for information on the development of the glyph itself.

Letter

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D (upper case, lower case d)

  1. The fourth letter of the Finnish alphabet, called dee and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

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  • Used only in loanwords except for the weak grade of t.

Derived terms

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compounds

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Noun

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D

  1. Alternative letter-case form of d (“D (musical note)”)

French

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Letter

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D (upper case, lower case d)

  1. The fourth letter of the French alphabet, written in the Latin script.

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German

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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D (upper case, lower case d)

  1. The fourth letter of the German alphabet, called de and written in the Latin script.

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Heiltsuk

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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D (lower case d)

  1. A letter of the Heiltsuk alphabet, written in the Latin script.

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Hungarian

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Compass rose

Etymology 1

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Abbreviation of dél (“south”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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D (plural D-ek)

  1. s. (south)
Declension
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The declined forms below are used only in writing. When speaking, the declined forms of the full word should be used, as shown at dél.

Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative D D-ek
accusative D-et D-eket
dative D-nek D-eknek
instrumental D-lel D-ekkel
causal-final D-ért D-ekért
translative D-lé D-ekké
terminative D-ig D-ekig
essive-formal D-ként D-ekként
essive-modal — —
inessive D-ben D-ekben
superessive D-en D-eken
adessive D-nél D-eknél
illative D-be D-ekbe
sublative D-re D-ekre
allative D-hez D-ekhez
elative D-ből D-ekből
delative D-ről D-ekről
ablative D-től D-ektől
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		D-é D-eké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		D-éi D-ekéi
Possessive forms of D
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. D-em D-eim
2nd person sing. D-ed D-eid
3rd person sing. D-e D-ei
1st person plural D-ünk D-eink
2nd person plural D-etek D-eitek
3rd person plural D-ük D-eik
Coordinate terms
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(compass points) égtájak;

északnyugat (ÉNy) észak (É) északkelet (ÉK)
nyugat (Ny)   kelet (K)
délnyugat (DNy) dél (D) délkelet (DK)

Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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D (upper case, lower case d)

  1. The sixth letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called dé and written in the Latin script.
Declension
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Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative D D-k
accusative D-t D-ket
dative D-nek D-knek
instrumental D-vel D-kkel
causal-final D-ért D-kért
translative D-vé D-kké
terminative D-ig D-kig
essive-formal D-ként D-kként
essive-modal — —
inessive D-ben D-kben
superessive D-n D-ken
adessive D-nél D-knél
illative D-be D-kbe
sublative D-re D-kre
allative D-hez D-khez
elative D-ből D-kből
delative D-ről D-kről
ablative D-től D-ktől
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		D-é D-ké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		D-éi D-kéi
Possessive forms of D
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. D-m D-im
2nd person sing. D-d D-id
3rd person sing. D-je D-i
1st person plural D-nk D-ink
2nd person plural D-tek D-itek
3rd person plural D-jük D-ik
Derived terms
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See also

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Icelandic

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Letter

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D (lower case d)

  1. The fourth letter of the Icelandic alphabet, written in the Latin script.

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Ido

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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D (lower case d)

  1. The fourth letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.

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Indonesian

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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D (upper case, lower case d)

  1. The fourth letter of the Indonesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

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Irish

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Letter

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D (upper case, lower case d)

  1. The fourth letter of the Irish alphabet, written in the Latin script.

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Italian

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Italian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia it

Pronunciation

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Letter

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D f or m (invariable, upper case, lower case d)

  1. The fourth letter of the Italian alphabet, called di and written in the Latin script.

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Kashubian

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Etymology

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The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Kashubian alphabet article on Wikipedia for more, and D for development of the glyph itself.

Letter

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D (upper case, lower case d)

  1. The sixth letter of the Kashubian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

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Latin

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Letter

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D

  1. A letter in the Latin alphabet, representing the sound /d/

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Latvian

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Latvian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia lv

Etymology

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Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.

Pronunciation

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Letter

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D

D (upper case, lower case d)

  1. The sixth letter of the Latvian alphabet, called dē and written in the Latin script.

See also

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Malay

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Malay Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ms

Pronunciation

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  • (name of letter) IPA(key): [di]
  • (phoneme, syllable-initial) IPA(key): [d]
  • (phoneme, syllable-final) IPA(key): [t̚]

Letter

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D

  1. The fourth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.

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Norwegian Bokmål

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Letter

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D (lowercase d)

  1. The fourth letter of the Norwegian Bokmål alphabet, written in the Latin script.

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Nupe

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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D (upper case, lower case d)

  1. The fourth letter of the Nupe alphabet, written in the Latin script.

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Polish

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Etymology

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The Polish orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the history of Polish orthography article on Wikipedia for more, and D for development of the glyph itself.

Pronunciation

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Letter

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D (upper case, lower case d)

  1. The sixth letter of the Polish alphabet, called de and written in the Latin script.

See also

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Portuguese

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Letter

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D (upper case, lower case d)

  1. The fourth letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

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Noun

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D m (uncountable)

  1. Abbreviation of dom. (as a title)

Romani

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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D (upper case, lower case d)

  1. The sixth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

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Romanian

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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D (upper case, lower case d)

  1. The sixth letter of the Romanian alphabet, called de or dî and written in the Latin script.

See also

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Saanich

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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D

  1. The eighth letter of the Saanich alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

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Scottish Gaelic

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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D (upper case, lower case d)

  1. The fourth letter of the Scottish Gaelic alphabet, written in the Latin script. It is preceded by c and followed by e. Its traditional name is dair (“oak”).

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Silesian

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Etymology

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The Silesian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Silesian language article on Wikipedia for more, and D for development of the glyph itself.

Letter

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D (upper case, lower case d)

  1. The sixth letter of the Silesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

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Skolt Sami

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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D (lower case d)

  1. The eighth letter of the Skolt Sami alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

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Slovene

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Slovene Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sl

Etymology

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From Gaj's Latin alphabet D, from Czech alphabet D, from Latin D, from the Etruscan letter 𐌃 (d, “de”), from the Ancient Greek letter Δ (D, “delta”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤃 (d, “dalet”), from an uncertain origin, likely the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓉿.

Pronunciation

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Letter

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D (upper case, lower case d)

  1. The fifth letter of the Slovene alphabet, written in the Latin script.
  2. The seventh letter of the Slovene alphabet (Resian), written in the Latin script.
  3. The fifth letter of the Slovene alphabet (Natisone Valley dialect), written in the Latin script.

Noun

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D m inan

  1. The name of the Latin script letter D / d.

Inflection

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  • Overall more common
 
 The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.
Masculine inan., soft o-stem
nom. sing. D
gen. sing. D-ja
singular dual plural
nominative
(imenovȃlnik) 		D D-ja D-ji
genitive
(rodȋlnik) 		D-ja D-jev D-jev
dative
(dajȃlnik) 		D-ju D-jema D-jem
accusative
(tožȋlnik) 		D D-ja D-je
locative
(mẹ̑stnik) 		D-ju D-jih D-jih
instrumental
(orọ̑dnik) 		D-jem D-jema D-ji
  • More common when with a definite adjective
Masculine inan., no endings
nom. sing. D
gen. sing. D
singular dual plural
nominative D D D
accusative D D D
genitive D D D
dative D D D
locative D D D
instrumental D D D

See also

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Further reading

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  • “D”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2024

Somali

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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D upper case (lower case d)

  1. The seventh letter of the Somali alphabet, called deel and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

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  1. The seventh letter of the Somali alphabet, which follows Arabic abjad order. It is preceded by KH and followed by R.

See also

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Spanish

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Letter

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D (upper case, lower case d)

  1. The fourth letter of the Spanish alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Derived terms

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See also

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Swedish

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Letter

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D (upper case, lower case d)

  1. The fourth letter of the Swedish alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

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Tagalog

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Spanish D. Each pronunciation has a different source:

  • Filipino alphabet pronunciation is influenced by English D.
  • Abecedario pronunciation is from Spanish D.
  • Abakada alphabet pronunciation is influenced by Baybayin character ᜇ (da/ra).

Pronunciation

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  • (Standard Tagalog)
    • IPA(key): /ˈdi/ [ˈd̪i] (letter name, Filipino alphabet)
      • Rhymes: -i
    • IPA(key): /ˈde/ [ˈd̪ɛ] (letter name, Abecedario)
      • Rhymes: -e
    • IPA(key): /ˈda/ [ˈd̪a] (letter name, Abakada alphabet)
      • Rhymes: -a
    • IPA(key): /d/ [d̪] (phoneme)

Letter

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D (upper case, lower case d, Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒ)

  1. The fourth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Filipino alphabet), called di and written in the Latin script.
  2. (historical) The fifth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Abecedario), called de and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

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  • Sometimes switched with the letter ⟨R⟩ between vowels, ⟨W⟩, or ⟨Y⟩ in a word due to lenition of /d/ to /ɾ/ such as dadaan can become daraan. Compare flapping in pronunciation of English medal. The letter does not change if the next consonant is an /ɾ/ (such as madurog does not become marurog) or /l/ (such as madilim does not become marilim).
  • Some words starting with the letter can also become ⟨R⟩ if the last letter of the preceding word is a vowel, ⟨W⟩, or ⟨Y⟩. Examples are daw/raw, dito/rito, dami/rami, and damot/ramot.
  • On all cases stated above, it is acceptable whether ⟨D⟩ or ⟨R⟩ is used. However, the said phenomena do not occur on proper nouns nor recent loan words.
  • In the Teresa-Morong dialect, the letter R may interchange with the letter on any position in the word even when not followed by a vowel, ⟨w⟩, or ⟨y⟩. (ex. ragat/dagat and bayar/bayad). Exceptions are recent loanwords, or if the next consonant after a /d/ is /ɾ/ (such as in durog) or /l/ (such as in dila).
  • Often switched with the letter ⟨r⟩ on non-initial positions in early texts which may indicate ancient pronunciation of words.

See also

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Letter

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D (upper case, lower case d, Baybayin spelling ᜇ)

  1. The fourth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Abakada alphabet), called da and written in the Latin script.

Further reading

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  • “D”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

Turkish

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Letter

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D (upper case, lower case d)

  1. The fifth letter of the Turkish alphabet, called de and written in the Latin script.

See also

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Vietnamese

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Pronunciation

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  • (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [ze˧˧], [ʔɗe˧˧], [zəː˨˩]
  • (Huế) IPA(key): [jej˧˧], [ʔɗej˧˧], [jəː˦˩]
  • (Saigon) IPA(key): [jej˧˧], [ʔɗej˧˧], [jəː˨˩]
  • Phonetic spelling: dê, đê, dờ

Letter

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D (upper case, lower case d)

  1. The sixth letter of the Vietnamese alphabet, called dê, đê, or dờ and written in the Latin script.

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Welsh

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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D (upper case, lower case d)

  1. The fifth letter of the Welsh alphabet, called di and written in the Latin script. It is preceded by Ch and followed by Dd.

Mutation

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Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
Dinbych Ddinbych Ninbych unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

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Further reading

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  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “D”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Yoruba

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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D (upper case, lower case d)

  1. The third letter of the Yoruba alphabet, called dí and written in the Latin script.

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Zulu

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Letter

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D (upper case, lower case d)

  1. The fourth letter of the Zulu alphabet, written in the Latin script.

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